CN113393758A

CN113393758A - Astronomical demonstration device

Info

Publication number: CN113393758A
Application number: CN202110742559.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵明辉; 时徐浩; 王圣文; 杨闯; 李豪; 杨舒雅; 张超; 张文科; 王梓昆; 刘晓夕; 尹晓丽
Original assignee: Shengli College China University of Petroleum
Current assignee: Shengli College China University of Petroleum
Priority date: 2021-07-01
Filing date: 2021-07-01
Publication date: 2021-09-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of astronomical demonstration, and discloses an astronomical demonstration device, which comprises a solar model, an earth model, a moon model and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a asterias model, an earth model, a wooden star model, a mars model, a water star model, a solar model installation shaft A, a planet wheel installation shaft B, an eccentric trajectory shaft C, an earth rotation transition installation shaft D, a moon revolution transmission shaft E, an earth rotation gear shaft F, a moon model installation shaft G, an earth model installation shaft H, a universal joint W, a rotating frame Z01 and a rotating retainer Z02, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a power module, an earth revolution module, a moon revolution module, an earth rotation module, a planet support frame, an eight-size planet revolution module and a moon exploration module Day and night alternation, tidal change, solar eclipse and monthly diet, near-day and far-day and other astronomy phenomena.

Description

Astronomical demonstration device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of astronomical demonstration, in particular to an astronomical demonstration device.

Background

The sun, earth and moon movement model has great popularization space in the teaching and science popularization field as an astronomy demonstration device. With the further advance of the education reform, the performance requirements of primary and secondary schools and various scientific education institutions on the sun, earth and moon demonstration device are higher and higher. The celestial body operation teaching instrument adopts hand-cranking as a motion mode, is integrally constructed in a gear transmission mode, can only realize demonstration of four-season change and solar-eclipse and lunar eclipse, and is simple in design and unstable in structure; the sun, earth and moon globe can only simply simulate the rotation of the planet around the sun, and has single function; the planet simulation teaching aid is controlled by a pure electric motor, can demonstrate a plurality of astronomical phenomena, but cannot demonstrate tidal changes and has high manufacturing cost; in general, the celestial body simulation motion demonstration instrument of the present day has the following problems:

(1) the motion characteristics are not prominent, and the motion characteristics of the sun, the earth and the moon are inconvenient to demonstrate visually;

(2) the control is difficult, and the movement between the sun, the earth and the moon cannot be accurately simulated in real time;

(3) the function is single, and the movement and various astronomical phenomena of the galaxy planets cannot be comprehensively demonstrated.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the astronomical demonstration device which can better realize the visual demonstration of the movement characteristics of the sun, the earth and the moon, is convenient to control, accurately simulates the movement of the sun, the earth and the moon and comprehensively demonstrates the movement characteristics of each planet.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an astronomical demonstration device comprises a sun model, an earth model, a moon model and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a asterias model, an earth model, a wooden star model, a mars model, a golden star model, a water star model, a sun model mounting shaft A, a planet wheel mounting shaft B, an eccentric trajectory shaft C, an earth rotation transition mounting shaft D, a moon revolution transmission shaft E, an earth rotation gear shaft F, a moon model mounting shaft G, an earth model mounting shaft H, a universal joint W, a rotating frame Z01 and a rotating retainer Z02, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a power module, an earth revolution module, a moon revolution module, an earth revolution module, a planet support frame, an eight-size planet module and a lunar exploration module.

Preferably, the rotating frame Z01 supports the whole mechanism, the solar model is arranged on the upper side of the rotating frame Z01, the solar model is coaxially arranged with a solar model installation axis a, the earth model and the moon model are arranged on one side of the solar model, the earth model is designed to deviate from the axis of an earth rotation transition installation axis D through an eccentric locus axis C, and the planet wheel installation axis B is arranged on the rotating frame Z01.

Preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a tenth gear, the tenth gear is a driving wheel and is connected to a power module, the power module is composed of a ninth gear, an eleventh gear, a twelfth gear and a fourteenth gear, the fourteenth gear rotates around a sun model installation shaft a, a fixed ring gear is installed on the sun model installation shaft a, and the fixed ring gear is meshed with the twelfth gear.

Preferably, the earth revolution module is composed of an earth revolution gear, a thirteenth gear, a fifth gear, a sixth gear, a seventh gear and an eighth gear.

Preferably, the lunar revolution module comprises a first gear, a fourth gear and a lunar revolution gear, the lunar model is mounted on the lunar revolution gear through a lunar model mounting shaft G, and the lunar revolution gear is connected with the fourth gear.

Preferably, the earth rotation module is composed of a second gear, a third gear, a fifteenth gear, a sixteenth gear, a seventeenth gear and earth rotation gears, a magnetic device is arranged in the earth rotation module, and the earth model is mounted on the earth rotation gears through an earth model mounting shaft H via a universal joint W and an earth rotation gear shaft F.

Preferably, the eight-planet revolution module consists of a belt, a first internal gear, a second internal gear, a third internal gear, a fourth internal gear and a fifth internal gear, and the golden star model and the waterstar model are connected with the eight-planet revolution module through the belt.

Preferably, a Chang 'e four-number detector is further arranged in the transmission mechanism, and the Chang' e four-number detector is a moon exploration module.

Preferably, the starfish model is fixed on the first internal gear, the tianwang model is fixed on the second internal gear, the saturn model is fixed on the third internal gear, the wooden star model is fixed on the fourth internal gear, and the mars model is fixed on the fifth internal gear.

Preferably, the console is provided with a touch screen and a voice control device, and the voice control device is internally provided with a voice sounding module chip and a voice recognition module chip.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides an astronomical demonstration device, which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) multi-module output, function diversification: the system comprises an earth revolution module, an eight-planet module, a moon revolution module, an earth rotation module and a moon exploration module, wherein the earth rotation module can simultaneously demonstrate various astronomy phenomena such as four-season change, day and night alternation, tidal change, solar eclipse and lunar eclipse, near-day point and far-day point and the like;

(2) novel structure, motion characteristic is outstanding: the system is characterized in that the system is designed for gear transmission and stable in operation, a magnetic device is added into a terrestrial rotation module, the inclination angle of a terrestrial rotation gear shaft is consistent with the actual inclination angle, the center of the terrestrial rotation gear shaft deviates from a central transmission reference shaft, and the processes of tidal change, day and night alternation and four-season change are demonstrated more visually;

(3) flexible and changeable, and wide application range: the lunar revolution module, the earth rotation module, the eight-planet module, the earth revolution module and the lunar exploration module can be independently demonstrated and can be detached to adapt to the requirements of science popularization and teaching at different levels;

(4) the multi-machine drive is adopted, and the operation is accurate: a plurality of modules output simultaneously, so that the real motion rule of the celestial body is restored to the maximum extent, and the theoretical integral system error is very small;

(5) the touch screen displays in real time: the embedded touch display screen realizes man-machine interaction, and more intuitively understands the dynamic information and the background of the corresponding calendar;

(6) voice control: and a voice interaction system is arranged, different modes are switched, the rotation can be controlled by voice, the automatic operation can also be realized, the data is returned in real time, and the voice broadcast is implemented.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voice control system according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a voice module chip of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a speech recognition module chip according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a sun model; 2. an earth model; 3. a moon model; 4. a first gear; 5. a second gear; 6. a third gear; 7. a fourth gear; 8. a fifth gear; 9. a sixth gear; 10. a seventh gear; 11. an eighth gear; 12. a stationary ring gear; 13. a ninth gear; 14. a tenth gear; 15. an eleventh gear; 16. a twelfth gear; 17. a thirteenth gear; 18. a fourteenth gear; 19. an earth revolution gear; 20. a fifteenth gear; 21. a sixteenth gear; 22. a seventeenth gear; 23. a lunar revolution gear; 24. a terrestrial rotation gear; 25. a Starfish model; 26. a Tianwangxing model; 27. a soil star model; 28. a wooden star model; 29. a Mars model; 30. a Venus model; 31. a water star model; 32. a belt; 33. a planet support frame; 34. a first internal gear; 35. a second internal gear; 36. a third internal gear; 37. a fourth internal gear; 38. a fifth internal gear; 39. chang E four-number detector.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution: an astronomical demonstration device comprises a sun model 1, an earth model 2, a moon model 3, a control console and a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a asterias model 25, an asterias model 26, an earth model 27, a Jupiter model 28, a mars model 29, a Venus model 30, a Mercury model 31, a sun model installation shaft A, a planet wheel installation shaft B, an eccentric trajectory shaft C, an earth rotation transition installation shaft D, a moon revolution transmission shaft E, an earth rotation gear shaft F, a moon model installation shaft G, an earth model installation shaft H, a universal joint W, a rotating frame Z01 and a rotating retainer Z02, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a power module, an earth revolution module, a moon revolution module, an earth rotation module, a planet support frame 33, an eight-size planet revolution module and a moon exploration module.

In this embodiment, the rotating frame Z01 supports the entire mechanism, the sun model 1 is disposed on the upper side of the rotating frame Z01, the sun model 1 is mounted coaxially with the sun model mounting axis a, the earth model 2 and the moon model 3 are disposed on one side of the sun model 1, the earth model 2 is designed to be off the axis of the earth rotation transition mounting axis D by the eccentric locus axis C, and the planet wheel mounting axis B is mounted on the rotating frame Z01.

In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism further includes a tenth gear 14, the tenth gear 14 is a driving wheel and is connected to a power module, the power module is composed of a ninth gear 13, an eleventh gear 15, a twelfth gear 16 and a fourteenth gear 18, the fourteenth gear 18 rotates around a sun model installation axis a, a fixed ring gear 12 is installed on the sun model installation axis a, and the fixed ring gear 12 is meshed with the twelfth gear 16.

In the present embodiment, the earth revolution module is composed of an earth revolution gear 19, a thirteenth gear 17, a fifth gear 8, a sixth gear 9, a seventh gear 10, and an eighth gear 11.

In this embodiment, the lunar revolution module is composed of the first gear 4, the fourth gear 7 and the lunar revolution gear 23, the lunar model 3 is installed on the lunar revolution gear 23 through a lunar model installation shaft G, in the lunar revolution module, the moon rotates around the earth, the rotation center is the axis of the lunar model installation shaft G, the rotation trajectory is a circle with the axis of the earth rotation gear 24 as the center of the circle, because the center of the earth is eccentrically arranged, the nearest point and the farthest point appear during the lunar revolution, and the demonstration of the near lunar point and the far lunar point is realized.

In the embodiment, the earth rotation module is composed of a second gear 5, a third gear 6, a fifteenth gear 20, a sixteenth gear 21, a seventeenth gear 22 and an earth rotation gear 24, a magnetic device is arranged in the earth rotation module, the earth model 2 is arranged on the earth rotation gear 24 through an earth model installation shaft H via a universal joint W and an earth rotation gear shaft F, the rotation speed direction of the earth model installation shaft H is opposite to that of the earth rotation gear 24 and the speed is the same when the earth revolves, the orientation of the earth in the space is always unchanged at the moment, the natural phenomenon of the earth is converted into a mechanical physical model, the inclination angle of the earth rotation shaft is 66.3 degrees, and the south-north return line is displayed when the earth revolves, so that the four-season change phenomenon is directly realized; the magnetic device is added in the earth rotation module, the magnetic device is added in the moon, and when the earth rotates, the magnetic force flows on the surface of the earth due to the attraction of the magnet, so that the tide change is intuitively demonstrated.

More specifically, the initial rotation speed of the earth rotation gear 24 is set to be ω =1, the rotation speed of the earth rotation gear 24 is-1 by reversing the gear 15, the transmission shaft always keeps the direction unchanged while the rotating frame rotates around the center, the earth model installation shaft H is rotationally coupled with the eccentric track shaft C, the position of the earth model installation shaft H relative to the eccentric track shaft C in the space is unchanged, the orbit of the earth model installation shaft H and the orbit of the earth revolution are circles with the radius of R, the centers are spaced by a, the orbit of the earth revolution is shifted to the right by a unit, an eccentric effect is formed, the near-day point and the far-day point of the earth on the orbit are directly realized, and meanwhile, the earth revolution module and the earth revolution module jointly act to form the phenomenon of solar eclipse and lunar eclipse.

In this embodiment, the eight-sun planetary revolution module is composed of a belt 32, a first internal gear 34, a second internal gear 35, a third internal gear 36, a fourth internal gear 37 and a fifth internal gear 38, and the star model 30 and the water star model 31 are connected with the eight-sun planetary revolution module through the belt 32.

In this embodiment, a goddess-filum-four detector 39 is further arranged in the transmission mechanism, and the goddess-filum-four detector 39 is a moon-exploring module.

In this embodiment, the planet carrier 33 is provided with eight orbits, and the eight planets correspond to the eight orbits respectively.

In the present embodiment, the starfish model 25 is fixed to the first internal gear 34, the tianwang model 26 is fixed to the second internal gear 35, the saturn model 27 is fixed to the third internal gear 36, the mars model 28 is fixed to the fourth internal gear 37, and the mars model 29 is fixed to the fifth internal gear 38.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-5, a touch screen and a voice control device are disposed on the console, the touch screen is an embedded touch display screen, a voice module chip and a voice recognition module chip are disposed in the voice control device, when a user sends a command, a voice recognition module in the voice recognition module chip automatically detects similarity of human voice, after the detection is completed, a keyword is extracted from an internal database and is searched and compared with the internal database for data matching, the matched data is sent to an ARM processor, a central processing unit in the control panel receives data from a receiver, performs decoding analysis and generates a command of a corresponding action, the command is sent to a controller through an internal bus, the controller is awakened to work, the voice module chip starts to match the corresponding action in the database after receiving a signal sent from the central processing unit, and starts working.

Specifically, the working principle of the invention is as follows: the earth model 2 is designed to deviate from the axis of the earth rotation transition installation shaft D through the eccentric track axis C, so that the transmission track of the earth model 2 forms an eccentric circle by taking the sun model 1 as a reference, the eccentric effect of the rotation track of the earth model 2 is realized, and the near-day point and the far-day point can be simulated. Twenty-four solar terms are demonstrated in the earth revolution module, the twenty-four solar terms corresponding to the earth model are divided into twenty-four positions in a circle, and different solar terms can be sensed during rotation. Eight big planets correspond to eight orbits, and when different instructions are received, the corresponding orbits move, so that different planets are demonstrated. In implementation, the tenth gear 14 is driven by the power module, and power is transmitted to the twelfth gear 16 and the fourteenth gear 18 through the ninth gear 13 and the eleventh gear 15; the planet wheel mounting shaft B is arranged on a rotating frame Z01, the fixed ring gear 12 is meshed with a twelfth gear 16, a fourteenth gear 18 rotates around a sun model mounting shaft A, namely, the rotating frame Z01 and a rotating retainer Z02 are driven to rotate, the rotation directions are opposite, and the rotating frame Z01 drives the whole mechanism to rotate around the sun model mounting shaft A, so that the revolution of the earth is completed; the power is transmitted to the fourth gear 7 through the earth revolution gear 19, and finally transmitted to the moon revolution gear 23, the moon model 3 is installed on the moon revolution gear 23 through the moon model installation shaft G, the reversing and speed changing of the gears are performed, and finally the power is transmitted to the earth rotation gear 24, the earth model 2 is installed on the earth rotation gear 24 through the earth model installation shaft H through the universal joint W and the earth rotation gear shaft F, and the earth rotation gear 24 drives the earth model 2 to rotate through the earth model installation shaft H when rotating, so that the rotation of the earth model 2 is completed. The power module transmits power to the Venus model 30 through the belt 32 to drive the Venus model 30 to move, and similarly, the principle of the Venus model 31 is the same as that of the Venus model 30. The starfish model 25 is fixed on the first internal gear 34, and the power device transmits power to the first internal gear 34, so that the first internal gear 34 moves, and the starfish model 25 is driven to move. Similarly, the celestial star model 26 and the second internal gear 35, the earth star model 27 and the third internal gear 36, the wooden star model 28 and the fourth internal gear 37, and the mars model 29 and the fifth internal gear 38 are consistent with the starfish principle.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an astronomy presentation device, includes sun model (1), earth model (2), moon model (3), control cabinet and drive mechanism, its characterized in that: the transmission mechanism comprises a asterias amurensis model (25), a asterias amurensis model (26), an earth star model (27), a wooden star model (28), a mars model (29), a golden star model (30), a water star model (31), a sun model installation shaft A, a planet wheel installation shaft B, an eccentric trajectory shaft C, an earth rotation transition installation shaft D, a moon revolution transmission shaft E, an earth rotation gear shaft F, a moon model installation shaft G, an earth model installation shaft H, a universal joint W, a rotating frame Z01 and a rotating retainer Z02, and further comprises a power module, an earth revolution module, a moon revolution module, an earth rotation module, a planet support frame (33), an eight-size planet revolution module and a lunar exploration module.

2. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the revolving rack Z01 supports whole mechanism, sun model (1) sets up in revolving rack Z01 upside, sun model (1) and sun model installation axle A coaxial arrangement, earth model (2) and moon model (3) set up the one side at sun model (1), earth model (2) are designed for deviating from on the axle center of the excessive installation axle D of earth rotation through eccentric orbit axle C, planet wheel installation axle B is installed on revolving rack Z01.

3. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism further comprises a tenth gear (14), the tenth gear (14) is a driving wheel and is connected with a power module, the power module is composed of a ninth gear (13), an eleventh gear (15), a twelfth gear (16) and a fourteenth gear (18), the fourteenth gear (18) rotates around a sun model installation shaft A, a fixed ring gear (12) is installed on the sun model installation shaft A, and the fixed ring gear (12) is meshed with the twelfth gear (16).

4. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the earth revolution module is composed of an earth revolution gear (19), a thirteenth gear (17), a fifth gear (8), a sixth gear (9), a seventh gear (10) and an eighth gear (11).

5. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the moon revolution module is composed of a first gear (4), a fourth gear (7) and a moon revolution gear (23), and the moon model (3) is installed on the moon revolution gear (23) through a moon model installation shaft G.

6. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the earth rotation module is composed of a second gear (5), a third gear (6), a fifteenth gear (20), a sixteenth gear (21), a seventeenth gear (22) and an earth rotation gear (24), a magnetic device is arranged in the earth rotation module, and the earth model (2) is mounted on the earth rotation gear (24) through an earth model mounting shaft H via a universal joint W and an earth rotation gear shaft F.

7. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the eight-big planetary revolution module is composed of a belt (32), a first internal gear (34), a second internal gear (35), a third internal gear (36), a fourth internal gear (37) and a fifth internal gear (38), and the golden star model (30) and the water star model (31) are connected with the eight-big planetary revolution module through the belt (32).

8. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: a Chang 'e four-number detector (39) is further arranged in the transmission mechanism, and the Chang' e four-number detector (39) is a moon exploration module.

9. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 7, wherein: the starfish model (25) is fixed on a first internal gear (34), the starfish model (26) is fixed on a second internal gear (35), the starfish model (27) is fixed on a third internal gear (36), the wooden star model (28) is fixed on a fourth internal gear (37), and the mars model (29) is fixed on a fifth internal gear (38).

10. An astronomical presentation device according to claim 1, wherein: the control console is provided with a touch screen and a voice control device, and a voice sounding module chip and a voice recognition module chip are arranged in the voice control device.