CN109243288A - A kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching - Google Patents

A kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109243288A
CN109243288A CN201811263152.5A CN201811263152A CN109243288A CN 109243288 A CN109243288 A CN 109243288A CN 201811263152 A CN201811263152 A CN 201811263152A CN 109243288 A CN109243288 A CN 109243288A
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model
celestial body
gear
solar system
body frame
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王磊
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B27/00Planetaria; Globes
    • G09B27/02Tellurions; Orreries

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Abstract

A kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching, belongs to Middle School Physics classroom experiment Instrument Design field.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of to demonstrate the instructional device that celestial body in solar system moves on Middle School Physics classroom.The device is made of power section, celestial body model part, base support part and four part of starry sky casing part.The eight major planets of the solar system model that the device can demonstrate the solar system is rotated around solar model.Rotation speed is according to the actual rotation speed of Mercury to Neptune and from fast to slow.Device analog Earthian sees at visual angle universe movement of heavenly bodies and can show image by display screen.The invention solve each planet of celestial body in solar system motion model movement and movement velocity difference problem and develop in planetarium with human vision watch universe analogue technique.The device can allow on Physics Classroom the celestial bodies motion knowledge and gravitation space flight knowledge that are abstracted to become image, specific, be conducive to observation, study, understanding of the student for celestial bodies motion.

Description

A kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching
Technical field
The invention belongs to Middle School Physics classroom experiment Instrument Design fields, and in particular to a kind of apply is showed in Physics Classroom Show the physics teaching device of planets of the solar system exercise testing.
Background technique
From the treatise of the famous scientist Archimedes of ancient Greek, it is understood that Aristarchus once createed a day Heart world model, this model are using five following ideas as theoretical basis: the sun will not be moved with fixed fixed star ;The earth moves round the sun;The track of the earth is circle;The sun is located at the center of the circle;Fixed fixed star apart from the sun with The earth is extremely remote.Aristarchus is thought, due to the earth daily one week rotates around the sun, tellurian people just have day Sky is around the impression of earth rotation, and therefore, it is sphere that he, which obviously understands the earth,.Aristarchus is also believed that if including that the earth exists Interior planet all surrounds sun rotation, and the sun seems that volume does not change because of unlimited remote apart from the earth, then day Body movement just can very easy be interpreted.The day heart world model of Aristarchus was too fashionable from the point of view of at that time, generation at that time Boundary no one it will be appreciated that he, therefore he theory bury soon.
It is motionless that the Leonardo da Vinci in the Italian renaissance period writes the sun in his notes.The sun has substance, shape, fortune It is dynamic, radiation, hot and motive power.I never saw that the size an of object and ability were bigger than the sun in entire universe, the sun Light illuminate all celestial bodies in universe.For the earth like the moon, the earth is a star.Even if the person becomes as the earth so Greatly, still also smaller than the smallest fixed star, it is still a slight asterism in universe.Leonardo da Vinci recognizes that the sun is space The center of cosmos, but such view is also only ensconced among his notes, and there is no overt propagandas for he.
Copernius in 1543 has published " motion of celestial body opinion ", this is a real great scientific paper.He thoroughly grinds The theory of the earth's core of Jiu Liao ancient Greek scholar Tuo Lemi has dissected the falsehood of " epicycle " " deferent " etc hypothesis.He is utilized forefathers' Observation instrument has carried out big discharge observation to celestial body, he has initiated the mathematical tool of plane trigonometry and spherical trigonometry, utilizes mathematics work Have and a large amount of calculating have been carried out to the data of observation data and forefathers' accumulation, finally just obtains a complete universe motion of celestial body body System.He the calculated moon distance and sidereal year data, very close with real data known to the modern times, error only has hundred Ten thousand/several.
" motion of celestial body opinion " seldom attracts much attention after publishing.Common people are ignorant of, and many astronomical worker handles This this book calculates a kind of method of planet star catalogue as compiling." motion of celestial body opinion " after publication seven during the decade, once by Martin Rood is reprimanded, but does not cause the attention of Holy See.Later Bu Lunuo and Galileo overt propaganda heliocentric theory, have jeopardized church Governance, " motion of celestial body opinion " just in 1616 Christian eras be classified as banned book by Holy See.From this heliocentric cosmology It says and is also rooted in the hearts of the people.
It is related in Middle School Physics about the teaching secondary and high school of the solar system, it is each that junior middle school mainly explains solar system fortune The dimension scale of the basic model of planetary motion and each celestial body, the earth revolution rotation etc. and senior middle school is then further studied too The characteristics of motion of sun system planet.Regardless of the study of Junior or the study of senior high school period, student is for solar system universe mould The study of type is very important.And traditional instruction teaching is difficult that student is allowed to have intuitively solar system world model Solution.Teacher is intuitive using assistant teaching aid, visually demonstrates certain scientific phenomena, and the learning interest of classmates and abundant can be improved It stimulates enthusiasm, is a kind of very effective teaching means.If teacher can show solar system world model on classroom, This plays the role of the movement for learning planet to student and gravitation and space flight knowledge very important.Student can be excited Learning enthusiasm, pursued for scientific research interest and to the exploration in universe.However, the current teaching instrument design in China compares Fall behind, can also be in yet-to-be developed in middle school classroom popularity, the motion model of the scientific and effective demonstration solar system in this way State.The present invention provides a kind of design scheme of solar system motion model, and design simplifies, and cost of manufacture is cheap, demonstrating effect Obviously, prominent to the evocation of student.The invention, which once promotes and applies, can significantly increase Middle School Physics about the solar system and day Body movement, gravitation and space flight teaching efficiency.Enhance student's learning science, probes into unknown research interest.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of to demonstrate the instructional device that celestial body in solar system moves on Middle School Physics classroom. The eight major planets of the solar system model that the device can demonstrate the solar system is rotated around solar model.Rotation speed arrives Neptune according to Mercury Actual rotation speed and from fast to slow.Device analog Earthian sees universe movement of heavenly bodies and can be shown by display screen in visual angle Image.The invention solves the movement of each planet of celestial body in solar system motion model and movement velocity difference problem and develops The analogue technique in universe is watched with human vision in planetarium.The device can allow the celestial body fortune being abstracted on Physics Classroom Dynamic knowledge and gravitation space flight knowledge become vivid, specific, are conducive to observation, study, reason of the student for celestial bodies motion Solution.Relative to existing instrument or patent, the present invention has that structure is simple, and operation is easy, demonstrating effect is obvious, it is novel, attract The advantages that power is strong, low manufacture cost, easily universal.Once application can be obviously improved the teaching effect of celestial bodies motion relevant knowledge to the present invention Fruit promotes student to the research interest of astronomic knowledge.
Instructional device of the present invention for Physics Classroom demonstration celestial body in solar system movement, overall structure figure is as schemed Shown in 10.The device is made of four parts: power section, celestial body model part, base support part and the grouping of starry sky shell At.Power section (Fig. 1,2,3,4) by gear pallet 11, driving gearshaft 12, axis hole 13, motor 14, motor rotary shaft 15, Driving gear 16, transmission gear 18, celestial body frame gear 17 and celestial body frame 19 are constituted;Celestial body model part (Fig. 5) is by solar model 21, Mercury model 22, Venus model 23, earth model 24, Mars model 25, Jupiter model 26, Saturn model 27, Uranus mould Type 28, Neptune model 29 form.Wherein earth model part further includes miniature low coverage camera 241, micro-machine 242, opens Close 243 and battery case 244;Base support part (Fig. 6) is by bracket 31, pedestal 32, display screen 33, switch 2 34, battery case two 35 compositions;Starry sky casing part (Fig. 7,8) is by Southern Hemisphere starry sky shell 41, Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell 42 and whole day star chart group At.
Brief working principle of the invention: (figure is made by hard and lubricious material by gear pallet 11, driving gearshaft 12 1), the shaft 15 of motor 14 may pass through the axis hole 13 on gear pallet 11 for metal material, and in each of gear pallet 11 A driving gear 16 is fixedly mounted in the shaft 15 of layer, successively increases from the low layer of gear pallet 11 to high-rise driving gear 16 Greatly, 8 (Fig. 2) is installed in total, the different driving gear of 8 radiuses can turn under the drive of the shaft 15 of motor 14 without skidding Dynamic (Fig. 3).The installation transmission gear 18 on the driving gearshaft 12 of gear pallet 11, three transmission gears of each layer of installation, from The low layer of gear pallet 11 makes the active of each layer of each transmission gear 18 and this layer to high-rise descending installation Gear 16 is engaged (Fig. 4).A celestial body frame gear 17 is all installed in each layer of 18 outside of transmission gear on gear pallet 11, each The celestial body frame gear 17 of layer is all engaged with three transmission gears 18 of this layer, and three transmission gears 18 are played driving gear 16 Rotatory force is transferred on celestial body frame gear 17, is acted on according to triangle stability, and each layer of three transmission gears 18 are to the layer Celestial body frame gear 17 all play the role of maintain stable rotation (Fig. 5).
By the bottom of gear pallet 11 to high level, celestial body frame gear radius is from large to small (Fig. 6).When motor 14 starts Afterwards, each layer of driving gear 16 is rotated with the rotation of same angular speed, driving gear band nutating gear 18, transmission gear 18 Celestial body frame gear 17 is driven to rotate.Due to low layer drive gear teeth 16 the number of teeth is with fewer and the number of teeth of celestial body frame gear 17 is same Compare it is more, so low layer celestial body frame gear rotation it is slower.Otherwise high-rise 16 number of teeth of driving gear increases and celestial body frame gear 17 number of teeth is reduced, so rotation is very fast.The outside of each layer of celestial body frame gear 17 is all fixedly connected with celestial body frame 19.Celestial body frame 19 rotate synchronously with this layer of celestial body frame gear 17.Each layer of celestial body frame 19 all installs a corresponding celestial body model, by low layer It is successively Neptune 29, Uranus 28, Saturn 27, Jupiter 26, Mars 25, the earth 24, Venus 23, Mercury 22(Fig. 6 to high level). Solar model 21 is installed, solar model 21 is internally provided with battery and light bulb and can twist a little on the top layer table top of gear pallet 11 It is bright.When motor 14 rotate when, each celestial body model can around center solar model 21 rotation and from inside to outside, by Mercury Model 22 is sequentially reduced to 29 angular speed of Neptune model, meets the practical theoretical model of the solar system.Gear pallet 11 is fixedly mounted On base support 31, battery case 2 35, switch 2 34 and display screen 33(Fig. 7 are provided on pedestal 32).
Micro radio transmission signal camera 241 is installed on earth model 24, is installed on the celestial body frame of earth model 24 There are micro-machine 242, switch 243 and battery case 244.Earth model 24 can be in the rotation of micro-machine 242 after connecting switch 243 It drives lower rotation to simulate earth rotation, while also starting camera 241, camera 241 gives video signal wireless transmission Show screen 33.Camera 241 and micro-machine 242 are powered by battery in battery case 244.Screen 33 and motor 14 are by electricity Battery is powered in pond slot 2 35.Southern Hemisphere starry sky shell 41 is fixed on bracket 31 (Fig. 9), and Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell 42 can be detained On shell 41 (Figure 10), sheathing material is made of transparent material.88 planisphere of whole day (Figure 12) is drawn on the inside of two shells. It is in this way the celestial bodies motion image (including the sun and star) it can be seen that under earth view by screen 33.Directly see model See the planetary motion mode under sun visual angle.
The invention has the benefit that
1, the present invention can be true to nature with the movement of each planet of the dynamic demonstration solar system, demonstrating effect image;;
2, the present invention designs the movement velocity of different planetarium, simulation according to the actual motion speed of each planet of the solar system Property is strong;
3, the present invention can simulate come from the visual angle of the earth from universe, display observation image;
4, the present invention can the vivid constellation image for demonstrating celestial body;
5, the configuration of the present invention is simple, operation are easy;
6, cost of manufacture of the present invention is lower, is easy to popularize and arrives each provincial school;
7, the present invention is durable, is hardly damaged, service life is long.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1: the side block diagram of gear pallet of the present invention;
Fig. 2: motor and driving gear side block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3: the side view of the present invention being mounted on motor and driving gear after gear pallet;
Fig. 4: power section structure tilt filter figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5: the cross-sectional view of power section layer gear of the present invention;
Fig. 6: the oblique side elevation view of power section of the present invention and celestial body model part;
Fig. 7: power section of the present invention, celestial body model part, base support part side top view;
Fig. 8: power section that the present invention is told, celestial body model part side view;
Fig. 9: the oblique top view of solar system demonstrating model of no Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell of the present invention;
Figure 10: the solar system demonstrating model oblique top view of the present invention for opening southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere starry sky shell;
A kind of Figure 11: solar system demonstrating model overall diagram for physical teaching of the present invention;
Figure 12: whole day 88 planisphere of the present invention for being affixed on southern hemisphere and northern hemisphere starry sky shell.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Gear pallet 11, driving gearshaft 12, bracket 31, pedestal 32, Southern Hemisphere starry sky are made with transparent tempered glass materials Shell 41, Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell 42.Driving gear 16, transmission gear 18, celestial body frame tooth are made with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) material Take turns 17, celestial body frame 19, solar model 21, Mercury model 22, Venus model 23, earth model 24, Mars model 25, Jupiter model 26, Saturn model 27, Uranus model 28, Neptune model 29, battery case 244, battery case 2 35.During motor 14 can be used The R280 model micro high-power motor of motor brand difficult to understand.It is micro- that 720 model model plane of TELESKY brand can be selected in micro-machine 242 Type motor.Marlboze brand MINI-6wifi network wireless wide-angle camera can be selected in miniature low coverage camera 241.Display screen 33 smart phone such as 8 smart phones of millet that receivable WiFi network signal can be selected receive and show as signal.Switch 243 With the optional Risym board PBS -33B model Mobile switch of switch 2 34.88 planisphere of whole day can first be drawn on transparent modeling respectively Southern Hemisphere starry sky shell 41,42 inside of Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell are attached on material film paster again.
Usage mode one:
Switch 2 34 is pressed, motor 14 is started, all planetarium are rotated around solar model, demonstrate the fortune of planets of the solar system It is dynamic, to assist the related teaching of planets of the solar system.
Usage mode two:
Switch 2 34 is pressed, motor 14 is started, all planetarium are rotated around solar model, demonstrate the fortune of planets of the solar system It is dynamic.Twisting solar model 21 lights solar interior light.Switch 243 is pressed again, is started micro-machine 242, is made earth model 24 Rotation, and open camera 241, camera 241 with while earth model rotation by captured video signal wireless transmission To screen 33, the shooting image of 33 instant playback camera 241 of screen helps to learn to simulate observation of the earth view to universe Physiology solution we now the Crack cause of seen starry sky and because earth rotation generate day and night the reason of.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching, it is characterised in that: the device by power section, Celestial body model part, base support part and four part of starry sky casing part composition, power section (Fig. 1,2,3,4) is by tooth rest Platform (11), driving gearshaft (12), axis hole (13), motor (14), motor rotary shaft (15), driving gear (16), driving cog (18), celestial body frame gear (17) and celestial body frame (19) is taken turns to constitute;Celestial body model part (Fig. 5) is by solar model (21), Mercury mould Type (22), Venus model (23), earth model (24), Mars model (25), Jupiter model (26), Saturn model (27), king Star model (28), Neptune model (29) constitute, wherein earth model part further include miniature low coverage camera (241), it is small-sized Motor (242), switch (243) and battery case (244);Base support part (Fig. 6) is by bracket (31), pedestal (32), display screen (33), switch two (34), battery case two (35) composition;Starry sky casing part (Fig. 7,8) is by Southern Hemisphere starry sky shell (41), north half Soccer star's sky shell (42) and whole day star chart (Figure 12) composition.
2. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: The motor rotary shaft (15) of motor (14) is longer, is mounted with the ascending driving gear (16) of eight sizes thereon.
3. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: For each layer of gear pallet (11) all there are three driving gearshaft (12), the master of equivalent layer is inscribed in each layer of transmission gear (12) Moving gear (16), external celestial body frame gear (17), each layer of three transmission gears (12) had both been played driving gear (16) Rotatory force is transferred to the effect on celestial body frame gear (17), and plays 3 stabilizations and stablizing for celestial body frame gear is kept to revolve Turn.
4. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Miniature low coverage camera (241) is mounted on earth model (24), camera (241) can wirelessly pass the vision signal of shooting It is defeated by display screen (33).
5. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Driving gear (16) is increasing to high level by low layer, and celestial body frame gear (17) is by low layer to high-rise smaller and smaller, celestial body frame tooth It takes turns (17) and the gear ratio of driving gear (16) is increasing to high level by bottom.
6. a kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: Starry sky casing part is made of Southern Hemisphere starry sky shell (41) and Northern Hemisphere starry sky shell (42), is posted on the inside of two starry sky shells Whole day star chart (Figure 12).
CN201811263152.5A 2018-10-27 2018-10-27 A kind of celestial body in solar system motion model demonstrator for physics teaching Pending CN109243288A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110111673A (en) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-09 运城学院 Celestial body detour simulator in a kind of physics teaching

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040073065A (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-19 윤준용 Solar system celestial object model
CN204029258U (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-12-17 华北电力大学 A kind of planets of the solar system rotation phenomenon shows instrument
CN106023784A (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-10-12 合肥东上多媒体科技有限公司 Multifunctional astronomical popularization teaching demonstration device
CN106297535A (en) * 2016-10-24 2017-01-04 深圳市思佛科技有限公司 A kind of planetarium
CN212757225U (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-03-23 智科玩具有限公司 Toy simulating solar system planet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040073065A (en) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-19 윤준용 Solar system celestial object model
CN204029258U (en) * 2014-06-19 2014-12-17 华北电力大学 A kind of planets of the solar system rotation phenomenon shows instrument
CN106023784A (en) * 2016-08-02 2016-10-12 合肥东上多媒体科技有限公司 Multifunctional astronomical popularization teaching demonstration device
CN106297535A (en) * 2016-10-24 2017-01-04 深圳市思佛科技有限公司 A kind of planetarium
CN212757225U (en) * 2020-06-18 2021-03-23 智科玩具有限公司 Toy simulating solar system planet

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110111673A (en) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-09 运城学院 Celestial body detour simulator in a kind of physics teaching
CN110111673B (en) * 2019-05-24 2021-09-07 运城学院 Celestial body detour simulation device in physical teaching

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