CN113385835A - Long tube-shape work piece graduation system of processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a indexing processing system for a long cylindrical workpiece, which comprises a lathe bed, a chuck mechanism, a positioning assembly, a horizontally arranged indexing tip, a mandrel and a tail tip, wherein the lathe bed is provided with a lathe bed body; the lathe body is provided with an indexing drive device, a tailstock and a supporting device which can move transversely, the indexing drive device is in drive connection with an indexing tip, the tail tip is fixedly arranged on the tailstock, and the indexing tip is in transmission connection with the mandrel through a chuck mechanism. The long cylindrical workpiece indexing processing system completes radial positioning of the mandrel through the matching of the supporting device, the influence of the gravity of the mandrel and the long cylindrical workpiece on the indexing positioning is eliminated under the supporting action of the supporting device, the indexing tip and the tail tip are respectively propped against one end of the mandrel under the mutual matching of the indexing tip and the tail tip, the positioning deviation of the mandrel is greatly reduced, the mandrel, the indexing tip and the tail tip are positioned at the same coaxiality, the axial positioning of the mandrel and the workpiece is realized more accurately, and the accuracy of the processing position of a laser is ensured.

Description

Long tube-shape work piece graduation system of processing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, in particular to an indexing processing system for a long cylindrical workpiece.

Background

The laser processing has the characteristics of high precision, rapid cutting, no limitation to cutting patterns, smooth cut and the like, and is also utilized for the indexing processing of the long cylindrical workpiece. During indexing processing, a long cylindrical workpiece is generally clamped by an indexing chuck and a tail tip, the long cylindrical workpiece is sleeved on a mandrel, the indexing chuck clamps one end part of the mandrel, the tail tip props against the other end part of the mandrel, an indexer on the indexing chuck equally divides the circumference of the long cylindrical workpiece into angles according to set parameters, and the indexing chuck drives the mandrel and the workpiece to rotate by one angle, so that the laser head performs local cutting processing on the workpiece. The existing indexing chuck is mainly in a three-jaw chuck or four-jaw chuck form, on one hand, a clamping jaw of the indexing chuck can jointly cause certain clamping deformation to a mandrel, on the other hand, the mandrel and a workpiece form a vertical downward component force due to heavier mass, and a certain offset can be generated after the mandrel is clamped by the indexing chuck, so that the coaxiality of the mandrel, the indexing chuck and a tail tip is influenced, the circular runout of the mandrel is large, and the machining position precision is influenced.

It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a long cylindrical workpiece indexing processing system, which aims to eliminate the influence of the gravity of a mandrel and a workpiece on indexing positioning through the supporting action of a supporting device, ensure the coincidence of the axis of the workpiece and the indexing rotation axis during processing by matching an indexing tip and a tailstock tip, and improve the processing position precision.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a indexing processing system for a long cylindrical workpiece comprises a lathe bed, a chuck mechanism, a positioning assembly, a horizontally arranged indexing tip, a mandrel and a tail tip; the lathe body is provided with an indexing driving device, a tailstock and a supporting device which can move transversely, the indexing driving device is in driving connection with an indexing center, the tail center is fixedly arranged on the tailstock and is in transmission connection with the mandrel through a chuck mechanism, the tip of the indexing center is in adaptive connection with the end part of the mandrel, and the tip of the tail center is in adaptive connection with the other end part of the mandrel; the supporting device is used for realizing follow-up support for the mandrel, the positioning assembly is used for fixing the long cylindrical workpiece on the mandrel, and the laser is arranged above the mandrel.

The mandrel comprises a clamping section, a first bearing section, a positioning shaft shoulder, a workpiece mounting section and a second bearing section which are sequentially connected, wherein a first positioning taper hole matched with the indexing tip is formed in the end face of the clamping section of the mandrel.

The chuck mechanism comprises a first clamping part for clamping the indexing tip, a second clamping part for clamping one end part of the mandrel and a transmission structure for connecting the first clamping part and the second clamping part.

The first clamping part comprises a first connecting part and two first clamping arms which are arranged below the first connecting part and symmetrically arranged, a first clamping opening for the index tip to pass through is formed between the two first clamping arms, and the two first clamping arms tighten the first clamping openings through first locking screws so that the two first clamping arms clamp the index tip; a first groove communicated with the first clamping opening is formed in the inner wall of one first clamping arm; the outer peripheral wall of the indexing tip is provided with a first transmission connecting pin, and the first transmission connecting pin is arranged in the first groove.

The second clamping part comprises a second connection part and two second clamping arms which are arranged below the second connection part and symmetrically arranged, a second clamping opening for the mandrel to pass through is formed between the two second clamping arms, and the two second clamping arms tighten the second clamping opening through a second locking screw so that the two second clamping arms clamp the mandrel; a second groove communicated with the second clamping opening is formed in the inner wall of one second clamping arm; and a second transmission connecting pin is arranged on the peripheral wall of the clamping section of the mandrel and is arranged in the second groove.

The transmission structure comprises a transmission rod, a first locking structure and a second locking structure, the transmission rod comprises a rod head and a rod body which are connected with each other, the rod head is fixedly connected with a first connection part through the first locking structure, and the rod body is fixedly connected with a second connection part through the second locking structure.

The supporting device comprises a base, a hydraulic oil cylinder arranged on the base, a position adjusting structure and a base locking structure; the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is upwards arranged and provided with a supporting wheel supporting structure; a distance measuring sensor which faces downwards vertically is arranged above the supporting structure of the riding wheel; the position adjusting structure is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the base locking structure is used for locking the position of the base on the lathe bed, and the supporting wheel supporting structure is used for supporting the mandrel.

The position adjusting structure comprises a base plate, a pressing block, a pressing plate and a mounting groove formed in the top surface of the base; the mounting groove extends along the front-back direction, the backing plate, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the pressing block are sequentially mounted in the mounting groove from front to back, the front end face of the backing plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove, the cross section of the pressing block is a right trapezoid, and the inclined plane where the inclined side of the right trapezoid is located is a first positioning matching surface; the cross section of clamp plate is equilateral trapezoid, one of them inclined plane of clamp plate is the second location fitting surface of mutually supporting with first location fitting surface, and second location fitting surface supports to press on first location fitting surface, clamp plate and base screw connection.

The base comprises a bottom plate and an L-shaped limiting block arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, the L-shaped limiting block and the bottom plate are enclosed to form a C-shaped clamping opening, the base locking structure comprises at least one through hole, the through hole penetrates through the bottom plate in an inclined mode, a T-shaped bolt penetrates through the bottom end of each through hole from bottom to top, a locking nut is screwed into the threaded end of each T-shaped bolt, a transversely extending guide rail is arranged on the machine body, a transversely extending T-shaped groove is formed in the guide rail, and the head of each T-shaped bolt is installed in the T-.

The supporting structure of the riding wheel comprises a support and two riding wheels which are symmetrically arranged in front and back and can be rotatably arranged on the support, and the axes of the two riding wheels are horizontally arranged and have the same height; the range sensor passes through height adjusting assembly and is connected with the base, height adjusting assembly is equipped with the adjustment branch that can reciprocate on the horizontal part of this shape of falling L support arm including shape of falling L support arm and adjustment branch and locking screw, range sensor installs on adjustment branch, adjustment branch passes through locking screw to be fixed on the support arm.

Has the advantages that:

according to the indexing processing system for the long cylindrical workpiece, on one hand, the mandrel is radially positioned through the supporting device, on the other hand, the influence of the gravity of the mandrel and the long cylindrical workpiece on the axial positioning of the mandrel is eliminated under the supporting action of the supporting device, the indexing tip and the tail tip respectively prop against one end of the mandrel under the mutual matching of the indexing tip and the tail tip, the positioning offset of the mandrel is greatly reduced, the mandrel, the indexing tip and the tail tip are in the same coaxiality, the axial positioning of the mandrel and the workpiece is accurately realized, and the accurate processing position of a laser is ensured. After the positioning is finished, the indexing tip and the mandrel can be quickly connected through the chuck mechanism, and the mandrel and the long cylindrical workpiece realize indexing rotation along with the indexing tip under the driving of the indexing driving device, so that the processing position of the laser is accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of an indexing system for a long cylindrical workpiece according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the indexing system for a long cylindrical workpiece according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view one of the mandrel.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the mandrel.

Fig. 5 is a first perspective view of the chuck mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a second perspective view of the chuck mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a third perspective view of the chuck mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the indexing tip.

Fig. 9 is a first perspective view of the support device.

Fig. 10 is a second perspective view of the support device.

Description of the main element symbols: 1-chuck mechanism, 2-positioning component, 3-index tip, 31-first transmission connecting pin, 4-mandrel, 11-first clamping part, 111-first clamping arm, 112-first clamping opening, 113-first groove, 114-first locking screw, 12-second clamping part, 121-second joining part, 122-second clamping arm, 123-second clamping opening, 124-second groove, 125-second locking screw, 13-transmission structure, 131-transmission rod, 1311-rod head, 1312-rod body, 1313-positioning plane, 132-positioning screw, 133-third locking screw, 134-notch, 135-mounting hole, 136-gasket, 137-fourth locking screw, 41-clamping section, 42-first bearing section, 43-positioning shaft shoulder, 44-workpiece mounting section, 45-second bearing section, 46-second transmission connecting pin, 47-first positioning taper hole, 48-counter bore, 49-tail tip positioning external member, 21-first spacer, 22-second spacer, 23-positioning nut, 51-tailstock, 52-tail tip, 6-lathe bed, 7-laser, 8-indexing drive device, 9-support device, 91-base, 911-bottom plate, 912-L-shaped limiting block, 913-C-shaped clamping opening, 92-hydraulic oil cylinder, 93-position adjusting structure, 931-backing plate, 932-pressing block, 9321-first positioning matching surface, 933-pressing plate, 9331-second positioning matching surface, 9332-blocking surface, 934-installation groove, 935-guide clamping groove, 936-adjusting screw, 937-counter bore, 94-base locking structure, 941-T bolt, 942-locking nut, 943-V groove, 95-riding wheel supporting structure, 951-support, 952-riding wheel, 961-distance measuring sensor, 962-inverted L-shaped support arm and 963-adjusting support rod.

Detailed Description

The invention provides an indexing processing system for a long cylindrical workpiece, which is described in further detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and embodiments in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Herein, directions indicated by arrows in fig. 1 and 9 are "front", "front" and "rear" in opposite directions, and a transverse direction is an extending direction of the guide rail 61 on the bed 6.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a long cylindrical workpiece indexing processing system, which includes a lathe bed 6, a chuck mechanism 1, a positioning assembly 2, a horizontally arranged indexing center 3, a mandrel 4 and a tail center 52; the lathe bed 6 is provided with an indexing drive device 8, a tailstock 51 and a supporting device 9 which can move transversely, the indexing drive device 8 is in drive connection with an indexing center 3, a tail center 52 is fixedly arranged on the tailstock 51, the indexing center 3 is in transmission connection with the mandrel 4 through a chuck mechanism 1, the tip of the indexing center 3 is in adaptive connection with the end part of the mandrel 4, and the tip of the tail center 52 is in adaptive connection with the other end part of the mandrel 4; the supporting device 9 is used for realizing follow-up support for the mandrel 4, the positioning assembly 2 is used for fixing the long cylindrical workpiece 10 on the mandrel 4, and the laser 7 is arranged above the mandrel 4.

Compared with the prior art, the long cylindrical workpiece 10 is sleeved on the mandrel 4, on one hand, the mandrel 4 is radially positioned through the supporting device 9, the influence of the gravity of the mandrel 4 and the long cylindrical workpiece 10 on the axial positioning of the mandrel is eliminated under the supporting action of the supporting device 9, the indexing tip 3 and the tail tip 52 respectively prop against one end of the mandrel 4 under the mutual matching of the indexing tip 3 and the tail tip 52, the positioning offset of the mandrel 4 is greatly reduced, the mandrel 4, the indexing tip 3 and the tail tip 52 are in the same coaxiality, the axial positioning of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece is more accurately realized, and the accurate position processed by the laser 7 is ensured. After positioning is completed, the indexing center 3 and the mandrel 4 can be quickly connected through the chuck mechanism 1, and the mandrel 4 and the long cylindrical workpiece realize indexing rotation along with the indexing center 3 under the driving of the indexing driving device 8, so that the processing position of the laser is accurate.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the mandrel 4 includes a clamping section 41, a first supporting section 42, a positioning shoulder 43, a workpiece mounting section 44, and a second supporting section 45, which are connected in sequence, when the long cylindrical workpiece 10 is mounted, the long cylindrical workpiece passes through the second supporting section 45 of the mandrel 4, and then is sleeved on the workpiece mounting section 44, and finally the positioning assembly 2 pushes the long cylindrical workpiece against the positioning shoulder 43, thereby completing the positioning of the long cylindrical workpiece. The first supporting section 42 and the second supporting section 45 of the mandrel 4 are respectively supported by one supporting device 9 so as to ensure that the mandrel 4 is in a horizontal placing state, and the two supporting devices 9 jointly bear and share the gravity of the mandrel 4 and the long cylindrical workpiece 10, so that the mandrel 4 and the workpiece are transversely extended; the supporting device 9 can adjust the axial height of the mandrel 4 and ensure that the axial height of the mandrel 4 is consistent with the axial heights of the indexing tip 3 and the tail tip 52. When the mandrel 4 rotates in an indexing way, the supporting device 9 always supports the mandrel 4 and the workpiece in a follow-up mode.

In this embodiment, the end surface of the clamping section 41 of the mandrel 4 is provided with a first positioning taper hole 47 matched with the indexing tip 3, the axis of the first positioning taper hole 47 coincides with the axis of the mandrel 4, the taper of the tip of the indexing tip 3 is the same as the taper of the first positioning taper hole 47, and the tip of the indexing tip 3 is inserted into the first positioning taper hole 47 in an adaptive manner until the tip is completely embedded into the first positioning taper hole 47 to realize centering positioning. Because during indexing, the mandrel 4 can rotate relative to the tail tip 52, if the mandrel 4 is directly in positioning contact with the tail tip 52, the mandrel 4 is easily worn, the positioning precision is affected, then the whole mandrel 4 needs to be replaced, and the maintenance cost is high. In the embodiment, the mode that the tail tip positioning sleeve 49 replaces the mode that the mandrel 4 directly contacts the tail tip 52 is adopted, the tail tip positioning sleeve 49 absorbs the abrasion caused by the contact with the tail tip 52, and only the tail tip positioning sleeve 49 needs to be replaced in the later maintenance process, so that the service life of the mandrel 4 is prolonged. This embodiment is for seting up a counter bore on the terminal surface of the second bearing section 45 of dabber 4, the shape of afterbody top location external member 49 and the shape looks adaptation of counter bore, including interconnect's button head and reference column promptly, set up second location taper hole 491 on the terminal surface of button head, during the tip of afterbody top 52 inserts second location taper hole 491, under the guide of second location taper hole, during the tip embedding second location taper hole 491 of afterbody top 52, make the axis of afterbody top 52 coincide with the axis of dabber 4, then afterbody top 52 top tight dabber 4 accomplishes the axial positioning to dabber 4.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5 and 7, the chuck mechanism 1 includes a first clamping portion 11 for clamping the index tip 3, a second clamping portion 12 for clamping one end of the spindle 4, and a transmission structure 13 connecting the first clamping portion 11 and the second clamping portion 12.

Further, the first clamping portion 11 includes a first joining portion, two first clamping arms 111 disposed below the first joining portion and symmetrically disposed, a first clamping opening 112 through which the index tip 3 passes is formed between the two first clamping arms 111, when the index tip 3 passes through the first clamping opening 112, the two first clamping arms 111 tighten the first clamping opening 112 through first locking screws 114, so that the two first clamping arms 111 clamp the index tip 3, specifically, a first clamping through hole is formed in a side wall of one of the first clamping arms 111, a first clamping screw hole corresponding to the first clamping through hole is formed in the other first clamping arm 111, the first locking screw 114 passes through the first clamping through hole and is screwed into the first clamping screw hole, and a head of the first locking screw 114 pushes the two first clamping arms 111 to approach each other, thereby clamping the index tip 3.

It should be noted that the first clamping opening 112 in this embodiment is located in a round opening shape adapted to the indexing tip 3, and the two first clamping arms 111 clamp the indexing tip 3 in an encircling manner, so as to ensure that an axis of the first clamping opening 112 coincides with an axis of the indexing tip 3.

The inner wall of one of the first clamping arms 111 is provided with a first groove 113 communicated with the first clamping opening 112. The outer peripheral wall of the indexing tip 3 is provided with a first transmission connecting pin 31, the first transmission connecting pin 31 is installed in the first groove 113, the first clamping part 11 is further prevented from rotating relative to the indexing tip 3 through the limitation of the first transmission connecting pin 31, and the transmission reliability is ensured.

Further, the second clamping portion 12 includes a second joining portion 121, two second clamping arms 122 symmetrically disposed below the second joining portion 121, a second clamping opening 123 for the spindle 4 to pass through is formed between the two second clamping arms 122, and the two second clamping arms 122 tighten the second clamping opening 123 through a second locking screw 125, so that the two second clamping arms 122 clamp the spindle 4; specifically, a second clamping through hole is formed in a side wall of one of the second clamping arms 122, a second clamping screw hole corresponding to the second clamping through hole is formed in the other second clamping arm 122, a second locking screw 125 passes through the second clamping through hole and is screwed into the second clamping screw hole, and a head of the second locking screw 125 pushes the two second clamping arms 122 to approach each other, so as to clamp the mandrel 4.

It should be noted that the second clamping opening 123 in this embodiment is located in a circular opening shape adapted to the clamping section 41 of the mandrel 4, and the two second clamping arms 122 clamp the mandrel 4 in an encircling manner, so as to ensure that an axis of the second clamping opening 123 coincides with an axis of the mandrel 4. A second groove 124 communicated with the second clamping opening 123 is formed on the inner wall of one of the second clamping arms 122. The outer peripheral wall of the clamping section 41 of the mandrel 4 is provided with a second transmission connecting pin 46, the second transmission connecting pin 46 is installed in the second groove 124, and the second clamping part 12 is further prevented from rotating relative to the mandrel 4 through the limitation of the second transmission connecting pin 46, so that the transmission reliability is ensured.

Specifically, the transmission structure 13 includes a transmission rod 131, a first locking structure 94 and a second locking structure 94, the transmission rod 131 includes a rod head 1311 and a rod body 1312 connected to each other, the rod head 1311 is fixedly connected to the first joint through the first locking structure, and the rod body 1312 is fixedly connected to the second joint 121 through the second locking structure. It should be noted that, because all the weights of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece are supported by the supporting device, the transmission structure 13 only plays a role in connecting the first clamping portion 11 and the second clamping portion 12, and the weights of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece do not need to be shared, that is, the weights of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece do not affect the installation of the transmission structure 13 and the abutting positioning of the indexing center 3 and the mandrel 4, so that the shaking caused by the indexing rotation of the workpiece is greatly reduced, and the machining position precision of the workpiece is ensured.

Further, the first connection portion includes two symmetrically arranged support arms, the first locking structure includes a positioning screw 132, a third locking screw 133 and a notch 134 located between the two support arms, both the left and right sides of the rod head 1311 are a positioning plane 1313, one support arm is provided with a first threaded hole in threaded connection with the positioning screw 132, the other support arm is provided with a second threaded hole in threaded connection with the third locking screw 133, the positioning screw 132 is arranged in the notch 134 and the head portion thereof is attached to one positioning plane 1313 of the rod head 1311, and the third locking screw 133 passes through the second threaded hole and presses the other positioning plane 1313 of the rod head 1311. The head part position of the positioning screw 132 is adjusted, so that the head 1311 is exactly centered in the middle of the notch 134 when the head part of the positioning screw 132 is attached to the positioning plane 1313 of the head 1311, and the head 1311 can be positioned by being matched with the third locking screw 133, so that the structure is ingenious, and the adjustment is convenient.

Further, the second locking structure includes a washer 136, a fourth locking screw 137, and a mounting hole 135 opened on the second engagement portion 121 and facing the notch 134, wherein the shaft 1312 of the driving rod 131 is inserted into the mounting hole 135, the fourth locking screw 137 is threadedly coupled to an end of the shaft 1312, an outer diameter of the washer 136 is larger than an aperture of the mounting hole 135, and the washer 136 is disposed between a head of the fourth locking screw 137 and the mounting hole 135. If the end surface of the second engagement portion 121 facing the mandrel 4 is a curved surface, an installation plane communicating with the installation hole 135 needs to be machined at the second engagement portion 121, and the gasket 136 is attached to the installation plane, so that the gasket 136 is ensured not to incline.

When the transmission structure 13 is actually installed, the indexing tip 3 and the tail tip 52 finish the tightening and positioning of the mandrel 4, the supporting device 9 supports the mandrel 4, the shaft 1312 of the transmission rod 131 is inserted into the installation hole 135 of the second joint part 121, then the fourth locking screw 137 passes through the spacer 136 and is screwed into the installation hole 135 of the transmission rod 131, so that the transmission rod 131 is fixed on the second clamping part 12, the rod head 1311 of the transmission rod 131 extends into the notch 134 of the first clamping part 11, and the rod head 1311 of the transmission rod 131 can be pressed on the positioning screw 132 by screwing the third locking screw 133, so that the first clamping part 11 and the second clamping part 12 can be quickly connected or separated.

Specifically, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the supporting device includes a base 91, a hydraulic cylinder 92 disposed on the base 91, a position adjusting structure 93, and a base locking structure 94; the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged upwards and is provided with a riding wheel supporting structure 95; a distance measuring sensor 961 which faces downwards vertically is arranged above the supporting wheel supporting structure 95; the position adjusting structure 93 is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the hydraulic oil cylinder 92, and the hydraulic oil cylinder has the advantages of large load and adjustable lifting speed.

Further, the supporting device 9 is mounted on the bed 6, the bed 6 is provided with a guide rail 61 extending along the transverse direction, the base 91 is slidably connected with the guide rail, and the base 91 is locked in position on the guide rail through the base locking structure 94. The supporting device 9 supports two ends of the mandrel 4, the front and back positions of the mandrel 4 are adjusted through the position adjusting structure 93, the supporting wheel supporting structure 95 is driven through the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 to lift the mandrel 4, the axis position of the mandrel 4 is enabled to be coincident with the axis of the indexing center 3, the influence of the gravity of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece on indexing positioning is eliminated, the indexing center 3 and the tail center 52 can be concentrated on the axial positioning of the mandrel 4, the supporting device 9 always supports the mandrel 4 and the long cylindrical workpiece 10 in a follow-up mode during workpiece machining and workpiece indexing rotation, and the rotation of the long cylindrical workpiece 10 cannot be interfered.

Specifically, the position adjusting structure 93 comprises a cushion plate 931, a pressing block 932, a pressing plate 933 and an installation groove 934 arranged on the top surface of the base 91; the mounting groove 934 extends along the front-rear direction, the pad 931, the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 and the pressing block 932 are sequentially mounted in the mounting groove 934 from front to back, the front end face of the pad 931 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove 934, and the pressing plate 933 pushes the pressing block 932 to enable the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 to be pressed on the pad 931. When the position of the mandrel 4 in the front-back direction is adjusted, the front-back direction of the axis of the mandrel 4 can be consistent with the front-back direction of the axis of the indexing center 3 in a mode of grinding or replacing the base plate 931 with different thicknesses, the base 91 does not need to be modified, the operation is convenient, and the adjustment cost is low.

Further, the cross section of the pressing block 932 is a right trapezoid, and an inclined plane where the inclined side of the right trapezoid is located is a first positioning matching surface 9321; the cross section of the pressing plate 933 is in an equilateral trapezoid shape, one inclined surface of the pressing plate 933 is a second positioning matching surface 9331 matched with the first positioning matching surface 9321, namely the slopes of the first positioning matching surface 9321 and the second positioning matching surface 9331 are the same, during assembly, the second positioning matching surface 9331 of the pressing plate 933 is pressed against the first positioning matching surface 9321 of the pressing block 932, the pressing block 932 slides downwards vertically under the matching guidance of the first positioning matching surface 9321 and the second positioning matching surface 9331, and along with the movement of the pressing plate 933, extrusion force is transmitted to the pressing block 932 through the first positioning matching surface 9321 and the second positioning matching surface 9331, and the pressing block 932 is extruded to move forwards; when the pressing block 932 can not move downwards continuously, the height is an assembly height, which indicates that the base plate 931 and the hydraulic oil cylinder are attached to each other, and the pressing block 932 and the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 are also attached to each other and assembled in place. When the pad 931 with different thickness is replaced, the assembly height of the pressing plate 933 is also changed adaptively, the debugging is convenient, and the whole structure is compact.

Further, another inclined plane of the pressing plate 933 is a blocking plane 9332, guide card slots 935, preferably two guide card slots 935, wherein the shape of the pressing plate 933 is matched with that of the base 91, the mounting groove 934 is located between the two guide card slots 935, a threaded hole is formed in the bottom surface of each guide card slot 935, countersunk holes 937, the number of which is the same as that of the threaded holes and which correspond to one another, are formed in the pressing plate 933, an adjusting screw 936 penetrates through the countersunk hole 937 of each pressing plate 933 from top to bottom respectively, and the bottom end of each adjusting screw 936 is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole respectively. When the pressing plate 933 is installed in the guide card slot 935, the blocking surface 9332 of the pressing plate 933 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the guide card slot 935, so that on one hand, the moving track of the pressing plate 933 is skillfully limited by the inner wall of the guide card slot 935 to ensure that the pressing plate 933 can only move vertically and downwards, and on the other hand, the pressing plate 933 is supported by the structure of the base 91 to reduce the load of the adjusting screw 936.

In this embodiment, the riding wheel supporting structure 95 includes support 951, two riding wheels 952 that front and back symmetry set up and rotationally set up on support 951, and the axis level of two riding wheels 952 sets up and highly the same, and two riding wheels 952 alternate segregation form one and place the clearance for the first bearing section 42 and the second bearing section 45 of dabber 4 can not take place the back-and-forth movement after getting into and placing the clearance. When the mandrel 4 and the long cylindrical workpiece rotate in an indexing manner, the supporting wheel 952 can also rotate along with the rotation of the mandrel 4, so that the smooth indexing of the mandrel 4 is ensured. The riding wheel 952 is preferably a bearing, convenient to purchase and low in cost.

Specifically, the base 91 comprises a bottom plate 911 and an L-shaped limiting block 912 arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate 911, wherein the L-shaped limiting block 912 and the bottom plate 911 enclose a C-shaped clamp 913. In practical application, the guide rail 61 on the bed body 6 is T-shaped, the wing plates of the guide rail respectively form two sliding grooves 63 with the bed body 6, the horizontal part of the L-shaped limiting block 912 is clamped into the sliding grooves 63, and the wing plates of the guide rail are clamped into the C-shaped clamping openings 913, so that the supporting device can move smoothly along the guide direction of the guide rail.

Further, the base locking structure 94 comprises at least one through hole obliquely penetrating through the bottom plate 911, a T-bolt 941 is inserted through the bottom end of each through hole from bottom to top, and the threaded end of each T-bolt 941 is screwed into a locking nut 942; accordingly, the guide rail 61 is formed with a T-shaped groove 62 extending in the transverse direction, and the head of the T-shaped bolt 941 is fitted into the T-shaped groove 62 to restrict the support device 9 from being detached from the T-shaped groove 62. After the locking nut 942 is tightened, the head of the T-bolt 941 presses the inner wall of the T-shaped slot 62 in a direction away from the L-shaped stopper 912, and because the T-bolt 941 is tilted, a vertical upward and backward component force is generated, and simultaneously, the end surfaces corresponding to the C-shaped clamp 913 are all tightly attached to the guide rail 61, so that a strong friction force is generated, and the supporting device 9 does not move by itself.

In order to achieve better locking and lateral movement effects of the supporting device 9, the through holes are provided in two and symmetrically distributed along the mounting groove 934, and correspondingly, the T-bolts 941 and the locking nuts 942 are also provided in two.

Preferably, the upper surface of the bottom plate 911 is provided with a V-shaped groove 943 for accommodating a locking nut 942, the V-shaped groove 943 is communicated with the through hole, and the locking nut 942 can be pressed against the inclined surface of the V-shaped groove 943, so that a better locking effect is achieved, and the locking nut 942 is prevented from being loosened in the machining process.

Preferably, the ranging sensor 961 is connected to the base 91 via a height adjustment assembly, which includes an inverted L-shaped arm 962 and an adjustment strut 963 and a locking screw 964, the horizontal part of the support arm is provided with an adjusting support bar 963 which can move up and down, the adjusting support bar 963 is L-shaped, the distance measuring sensor 961 is installed on a horizontal portion of the adjusting strut 963, a cross section of a vertical portion of the adjusting strut 963 is T-shaped, a guide socket into which the vertical portion of the adjusting strut 963 is inserted and which is matched with the shape of the vertical portion of the adjusting strut 963 is provided on the horizontal portion of the supporting arm, the height of the distance measuring sensor 961 can be finely adjusted by vertically moving the adjusting strut 963, so as to prevent the distance measuring sensor 961 from interfering with the first bearing section 42 or the second bearing section 45 of the mandrel 4, the vertical portion of the adjustment strut 963 is secured to the horizontal portion of the arm by a locking screw 964. When the height of the mandrel 4 and the workpiece is positioned, the distance measuring sensor 961 detects the distance between the mandrel 4 and the top end of the mandrel in real time and feeds the distance back to the control system, and the control system can micro-control the output stroke of the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 to ensure that the height of the axis of the mandrel 4 is consistent with that of the indexing center 3.

Preferably, the positioning assembly 2 comprises a first spacer 21, a positioning nut 23 and a second spacer 22 arranged between the first spacer 21 and the positioning nut 23. During installation, the first spacer 21, the second spacer 22 and the positioning nut 23 are sequentially sleeved on the workpiece installation section 44 of the mandrel 4, the first spacer 21 abuts against the tail of the long cylindrical workpiece 10, and due to the fact that the workpiece installation section 44 is in threaded connection with the positioning nut 23, a worker can push the first spacer 21, the second spacer 22 and the workpiece to move towards the positioning shaft shoulder 43 by rotating the positioning nut 23, so that the first spacer 21 tightly presses the long cylindrical workpiece on the positioning shaft shoulder 43 to achieve axial and circumferential positioning of the long cylindrical workpiece 10. The distance between the tail of the workpiece and the positioning nut 23 can be increased through the first spacer bush 21 and the second spacer bush 22, even if the laser 7 performs laser cutting processing on the tail of the long cylindrical workpiece, the positioning nut 23 cannot be accidentally injured, the first spacer bush 21 can be processed by high-strength metal, the cutting damage of laser to the first spacer bush 21 is reduced, the second spacer bush 22 can be made of heat insulation materials, and the heat transmission of the workpiece and the first spacer bush 21 to the positioning nut 23 is reduced.

The working process of indexing processing of the long cylindrical workpiece is briefly described as follows: before machining, firstly, a long cylindrical workpiece 10 is sleeved on a workpiece mounting section 44 of a mandrel 4 and is positioned through a positioning assembly 2, then a first clamping part 11 is fixedly arranged on one end part of an indexing tip 3, a second clamping part 12 is fixedly arranged on one end part of the mandrel 4, two supporting devices 9 are positioned between the indexing tip 3 and a tail tip 52, a worker transversely moves the supporting devices 9 to proper positions according to the length of the mandrel 4, so that supporting wheel supporting structures 95 on the two supporting devices 9 respectively support a first supporting section 42 and a second supporting section 45 of the mandrel 4, then the position of a base 91 on a guide rail 61 is locked through a base locking structure 94, and because the heights of the two groups of supporting wheel supporting structures 95 are the same in an initial state, the axis of the mandrel 4 is parallel to the horizontal direction after the mandrel 4 is placed on the supporting wheel supporting structures 95 (namely the axis of the mandrel 4 is also parallel to the axis of the indexing tip 3), if the front-back position of the axis of the mandrel 4 is not consistent with the axis of the indexing center 3, the front-back position of the hydraulic cylinder 92 is adjusted by the position adjusting structure 93 so as to adjust the front-back positions of the riding wheel supporting structure 95 and the mandrel 4. When the front and back positions of the axis of the mandrel 4 are consistent with the axis of the indexing center 3, the hydraulic oil cylinder 92 drives the riding wheel supporting structure 95 to vertically move upwards, and meanwhile, the distance measuring sensor 961 monitors the distance between the mandrel 4 and the hydraulic oil cylinder in real time and feeds the distance back to the control system, and because the shaft diameters of the first supporting section 42 and the second supporting section 45, the height of the axis of the indexing center 3 and the initial height of the riding wheel supporting structure 95 are known, the control system can automatically calculate the current height of the axis of the mandrel 4 according to feedback data, so that the two hydraulic oil cylinders are controlled to synchronously move, the riding wheel supporting structure 95 is driven to lift the mandrel 4 to the height consistent with the height of the axis of the indexing center 3, and the radial positioning operation of the mandrel is completed.

Then, the tip of the indexing center 3 is inserted into the first positioning taper hole 47 in a matching manner until the tip is completely embedded into the first positioning taper hole 47, the indexing center 3 and the tail center 52 respectively support two ends of the mandrel 4 with the aid of the tail center 52, axial positioning of the mandrel 4 is completed immediately, finally the first clamping part 11 and the second clamping part 12 are connected through the transmission structure 13, the first clamping part 11 and the second clamping part 12 cannot move relative to each other, when the indexing center 3 rotates in an indexing manner by a certain angle, the long cylindrical workpiece 10 completes indexing rotation under the synchronous rotation of the first clamping part 11, the second clamping part 12, the transmission structure 13 and the mandrel 4 around the axis of the mandrel 4, the laser 7 can vertically perform local laser cutting on the long cylindrical workpiece 10, and the like, and laser cutting is completed on the whole circumferential outer surface of the long cylindrical workpiece.

It should be noted that the indexing center 3 can be used in combination with an existing or newly designed indexing driving device 8, the driving device drives the indexing center 3 to rotate, and the indexing driving device 8 is not the invention point, so the indexing driving device 8 is not described again; the tailstock and the indexing drive device 8 are connected with the guide rail in a sliding mode. The tailstock 51 is also locked to the tailstock by means of the locking of the above-mentioned support means.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8, the indexing center 3 is mounted on the indexing drive device 8, and because the tightening force is large, the indexing center 3 is easily embedded into the indexing drive device 8 and is difficult to be dismounted, and therefore, the dismounting nut 32 is arranged on the indexing center 3, and a worker can gradually withdraw from the indexing drive device 8 by screwing the dismounting nut 32 by hand or by means of a tool, so that the indexing center 3 can be conveniently dismounted from the indexing drive device 8.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A long cylindrical workpiece indexing processing system is characterized by comprising a lathe bed, a chuck mechanism, a positioning assembly, a horizontally arranged indexing tip, a mandrel and a tail tip; the lathe body is provided with an indexing driving device, a tailstock and a supporting device which can move transversely, the indexing driving device is in driving connection with an indexing center, the tail center is fixedly arranged on the tailstock and is in transmission connection with the mandrel through a chuck mechanism, the tip of the indexing center is in adaptive connection with the end part of the mandrel, and the tip of the tail center is in adaptive connection with the other end part of the mandrel; the supporting device is used for realizing follow-up support for the mandrel, the positioning assembly is used for fixing the long cylindrical workpiece on the mandrel, and the laser is arranged above the mandrel.

2. The cylindrical workpiece indexing processing system according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel comprises a clamping section, a first bearing section, a positioning shoulder, a workpiece mounting section and a second bearing section which are connected in sequence, and a first positioning taper hole matched with the indexing tip is formed in the end face of the clamping section of the mandrel.

3. The indexing system for a long cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the chuck mechanism comprises a first clamping portion for clamping the indexing tip, a second clamping portion for clamping an end portion of the mandrel, and a transmission structure connecting the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion.

4. The indexing system for the long cylindrical workpiece according to claim 3, wherein the first clamping part comprises a first engagement part and two first clamping arms which are symmetrically arranged below the first engagement part, a first clamping opening for the indexing point to pass through is formed between the two first clamping arms, and the two first clamping arms tighten the first clamping opening through a first locking screw, so that the two first clamping arms clamp the indexing point; a first groove communicated with the first clamping opening is formed in the inner wall of one first clamping arm; the outer peripheral wall of the indexing tip is provided with a first transmission connecting pin, and the first transmission connecting pin is arranged in the first groove.

5. The indexing system for long cylindrical workpieces according to claim 4, wherein the second clamping portion comprises a second engagement portion, two second clamping arms symmetrically arranged below the second engagement portion, a second clamping opening for the spindle to pass through is formed between the two second clamping arms, and the two second clamping arms tighten the second clamping opening through a second locking screw, so that the two second clamping arms clamp the spindle; a second groove communicated with the second clamping opening is formed in the inner wall of one second clamping arm; and a second transmission connecting pin is arranged on the peripheral wall of the clamping section of the mandrel and is arranged in the second groove.

6. The elongated tubular workpiece indexing system of claim 5, wherein the drive structure comprises a drive rod comprising a head and a shaft connected to each other, the head being fixedly connected to the first joint by the first locking structure, and the shaft being fixedly connected to the second joint by the second locking structure, a first locking structure, and a second locking structure.

7. The indexing system for long cylindrical workpieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting device comprises a base, a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the base, a position adjusting structure and a base locking structure; the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder is upwards arranged and provided with a supporting wheel supporting structure; a distance measuring sensor which faces downwards vertically is arranged above the supporting structure of the riding wheel; the position adjusting structure is used for adjusting the front and rear positions of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the base locking structure is used for locking the position of the base on the lathe bed, and the supporting wheel supporting structure is used for supporting the mandrel.

8. The indexing system for long cylindrical workpieces as claimed in claim 7, wherein the position adjusting structure comprises a backing plate, a pressing block, a pressing plate and a mounting groove formed on the top surface of the base; the mounting groove extends along the front-back direction, the backing plate, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the pressing block are sequentially mounted in the mounting groove from front to back, the front end face of the backing plate is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mounting groove, the cross section of the pressing block is a right trapezoid, and the inclined plane where the inclined side of the right trapezoid is located is a first positioning matching surface; the cross section of clamp plate is equilateral trapezoid, one of them inclined plane of clamp plate is the second location fitting surface of mutually supporting with first location fitting surface, and second location fitting surface supports to press on first location fitting surface, clamp plate and base screw connection.

9. The indexing system for long cylindrical workpieces as claimed in claim 7, wherein the base comprises a bottom plate and an L-shaped limiting block arranged at the bottom of the bottom plate, the L-shaped limiting block and the bottom plate form a C-shaped clamping opening, the base locking structure comprises at least one through hole which penetrates through the bottom plate in an inclined manner, a T-shaped bolt penetrates through the bottom end of each through hole from bottom to top, a locking nut is screwed into the threaded end of each T-shaped bolt, the bed body is provided with a transversely extending guide rail, a transversely extending T-shaped groove is formed in the guide rail, and the head of the T-shaped bolt is installed in the T-shaped groove.

10. The indexing processing system for the long cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, wherein the supporting structure of the supporting roller comprises a support and two supporting rollers which are symmetrically arranged in front and back and can be rotatably arranged on the support, and the axes of the two supporting rollers are horizontally arranged and have the same height; the range sensor passes through height adjusting assembly and is connected with the base, height adjusting assembly includes the shape of falling L support arm, adjustment branch and locking screw, is equipped with the adjustment branch that can reciprocate on the horizontal part of this shape of falling L support arm, range sensor installs on adjustment branch.

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