CN113385025A - Dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and using method - Google Patents
Dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113385025A CN113385025A CN202110700520.3A CN202110700520A CN113385025A CN 113385025 A CN113385025 A CN 113385025A CN 202110700520 A CN202110700520 A CN 202110700520A CN 113385025 A CN113385025 A CN 113385025A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010406 interfacial reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009692 water atomization Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and a using method thereof, wherein the spray gun comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a nozzle body, the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the nozzle body covers the first channel, the second channel and the third channel and forms three non-communicated inner cavities, water mist spray holes are distributed on the nozzle body along the circumferential direction, the water mist spray holes are communicated with the first channel and the second channel, a dry powder spraying pore channel is arranged on the nozzle body and positioned at the periphery of the water mist spray holes, and the dry powder spraying pore channel is communicated with the third channel. The invention adopts a semidry method removal technology, the dry absorbent powder penetrates through the flue gas along with the diffusion of water mist, the dispersion uniformity of the absorbent in the flue gas is improved, the water mist wets the surface of the absorbent, and the SO is accelerated3The removal reaction, the water mist evaporation and the cracking effect on the reaction product are formed, the surface micropores of the absorbent are increased, the utilization rate of the absorbent is improved, the consumption of the absorbent is reduced, and the gas-solid medium is independentAnd the problem of pipeline blockage and scaling is avoided by spraying.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to flue gas SO3The technical field of removal, in particular to a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and a using method thereof.
Background
SO in flue gas3Mainly comes from the following two aspects: about 0.5-1.5% SO in the combustion process of sulfur in coal2Is oxidized into SO3(ii) a SO of about 1% after SCR catalyst2Is further oxidized into SO3。SO3Is the main cause of the inactivation of the catalyst ABS and the ABS blockage of the air preheater, and simultaneously SO3And is also an atmospheric pollutant.
At present SO3The control technology is mainly divided into a physical method and a chemical method, wherein the physical method comprises coal blending combustion and the like, namely, SO is reduced by blending combustion of low-sulfur coal and the like3The method needs to comprehensively consider the influence of coal quality change on the combustion in the furnace. The chemical method is to add additive into fuel or spray alkali and alkaline earth metal material into furnace or tail flue gas to remove SO3The purpose of (1). The first two technologies can effectively reduce SO in the hearth3Concentration, but for SO generated after SCR denitration3The control effect is general. Spraying alkaline substances such as calcium base, magnesium base, sodium base and the like and SO into the flue at the inlet and outlet of the denitration or air preheater by adopting an absorbent spraying technology after the furnace3Selective reaction takes place to remove SO3. The prior absorbent generally adopts a powder or solution spraying technology, the former absorbent has high consumption (often more than 4 times of the solution spraying consumption), the solution spraying easily causes the problems of pipeline blockage, flue scaling and the like, the semi-dry method is a removing process between a wet method and a dry method, and the process independently sprays the absorbent and a diffusion-assisted solution into a flue to improve SO3The removal efficiency is improved, and the consumption of the absorbent is reduced.
Influence of SO3The removal efficiency is mainly determined by the following factors: absorbent type, specific surface area of absorbent, diffusion speed of reactant, residence time, reaction temperatureAnd the like.
Base dry powder spraying SO removal3The technique belongs to a non-catalytic gas-solid reaction mechanism, and the base dry powder particles are in gas SO3The trapping can be divided into 3 processes of external diffusion, interfacial reaction and internal diffusion, thus increasing the base pair SO3The key points of the removal rate are that the distribution uniformity of the dry powder in the flue gas is improved, and the SO of solid particles is improved3Adsorption and chemical reaction capability, improved stability of reaction products, etc.
When dry spraying is used, in order to increase SO3The removal efficiency is generally increased by using finer particle size particles3The contact area of the reaction is small, but the fine particle powder is difficult to penetrate through the flue gas, the diffusion uniformity in the flue gas is poor, and the absorbent and SO are further hindered as the reaction product sulfate is coated on the surface of the absorbent3Leading to high absorbent consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and a using method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun is L-shaped and comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a spray nozzle body, wherein the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, process water is filled in the first channel, compressed air is filled in the second channel, absorbent dry powder is filled in the third channel, the spray nozzle body covers the first channel, the second channel and the third channel and forms three non-communicated inner cavities, a plurality of water mist spray holes are distributed on the spray nozzle body along the circumferential direction and are communicated with the first channel and the second channel, a plurality of annular dry powder spray channels are arranged on the spray nozzle body and are positioned at the periphery of the water mist spray holes, the outlets of the dry powder spray channels are the spray nozzle body and are communicated with the third channel, the diffusion angle of the water mist sprayed from the water mist spray holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed from the dry powder spray channels, the water mist is mixed with absorbent dry powder and then is diffused in a flue, and SO is generated3And H2O to form H2SO4Acid mist, which accelerates the reaction with the absorbent.
Furthermore, the particle size of the water mist sprayed out of the water mist spraying hole is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed out of the dry powder spraying hole channel.
Furthermore, the particle diameter of the water mist sprayed out of the water mist spraying hole is 80-200 μm, and the particle diameter of the absorbent dry powder is less than 50 μm.
Furthermore, the diffusion angle of the absorbent dry powder sprayed out of the dry powder spraying pore channel ranges from 5 degrees to 15 degrees, and does not include 5 degrees and 15 degrees.
Furthermore, a plurality of absorbent dry powder inlets are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the third channel, and the absorbent dry powder inlets are obliquely and upwards opened.
The invention discloses a using method of a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun, wherein process water and atomized compressed air are firstly started and adjusted to proper pressure, and the pressure of the process water and the pressure of the atomized compressed air are the same and are kept at 0.3-0.6 MPa; and then starting absorbent fluidized air, wherein the pressure of the absorbent fluidized air is the same as the pressure of atomized compressed air, and finally throwing absorbent dry powder according to the process requirements, wherein the temperature of the spraying point of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun is 300-400 ℃, the diffusion angle of the water mist sprayed by the water mist spraying holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed by the dry powder spraying pore passages, and the particle size of the water mist sprayed by the water mist spraying holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed by the dry powder spraying pore passages, so that the retention time of water mist droplets in a flue before evaporation is more than 0.1s is ensured.
Further, the dry powder injection amount q of the absorbentsAccording to the flow rate and SO of the flue gas3And (3) determining the removal efficiency:
qs＝NSR×CSO3,in×Qy×M/22.4/1000000
wherein NSR is base/SO3The molar ratio is determined according to the removal efficiency and is basically between 1.5 and 8, and the higher the required removal efficiency is, the higher the NSR is; qyIs the flue gas flow rate, m3H; m is the base molar mass, g/mol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun and a using method thereof, and provides a semidry method removing technology, wherein the dry powder of a small-particle absorbent is diffused along with water mist droplets, the absorbent with a fine particle size penetrates through flue gas under the boosting of the droplets with larger particle sizes, the dispersion uniformity of the absorbent in the flue gas is improved, and meanwhile, the droplets wet the surface of the absorbent to promote SO3Diffusion rate of SO at surface and internal micropores of absorbent3And H2O to form H2SO4The acid mist accelerates the removal reaction, and on the other hand, the evaporation of the liquid drops has a cracking effect on reaction products, so that the coating influence of the reaction products on the absorbent is reduced, meanwhile, the evaporation of the liquid drops can increase the surface micropores of the absorbent, the utilization rate of the absorbent is improved, and the consumption of the absorbent is finally reduced; the gas-solid medium is independently sprayed, so that the problem of blockage and scaling of the pipeline by the slurry is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spray point location of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun of the present invention in the flue.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby clearly defining the protection scope of the present invention.
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, which are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun is L-shaped, and comprises a first channel 1, a second channel 2, a third channel 3 and a nozzle body 4, wherein the first channel 1, the second channel 2 and the third channel 3 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, process water is filled in the first channel 1, compressed air is filled in the second channel 2, absorbent dry powder is filled in the third channel 3, the nozzle body 4 covers outlets of the first channel 1, the second channel 2 and the third channel 3 and forms three non-communicated inner cavities, inlets of the first channel 1, the second channel 2 and the third channel 3 are different from one another, a plurality of water mist spray holes 5 are distributed on the nozzle body 4 along the circumferential direction, the water mist spray holes 5 are communicated with the first channel 1 and the second channel 2, a plurality of annular dry powder spray channels 6 are arranged on the nozzle body 4 and positioned at the periphery of the water mist spray holes 5, the dry powder spraying pore passage 6 is communicated with the third passage 3, the diffusion angle alpha of the water mist sprayed out from the water mist spraying hole 5 is larger than the diffusion angle beta of the absorbent dry powder sprayed out from the dry powder spraying pore passage 6, and the water mist is mixed with the absorbent dry powder, then is diffused in the flue and is mixed with SO in the flue gas3The reaction takes place. A plurality of absorbent dry powder inlets 8 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the third channel 3, and the absorbent dry powder inlets 8 are obliquely and upwards opened.
Base absorbent to SO3The removal efficiency of (a) is calculated by the following formula (1):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is SO3Removal efficiency,%;
SO in flue gas before spraying absorbent3Concentration,. mu.L/L;
is SO in flue gas after the absorbent is sprayed3Concentration,. mu.L/L. If there is no SO on site3Monitoring means according to SO2/SO3The conversion rate is calculated, and the conversion rate can be selected according to an empirical value (the conversion rate in the furnace is generally 0.5-2.5%, and the conversion rate of SCR is generally 1%), or calculated according to historical existing test data.
Key parameters of the present invention include:
spray amount q of absorbent dry powdersKg/h; particle size d of absorbent dry powdersμ m; absorbent fluidization air pressure pg1MPa; process water flow qL，m3H; process water pressure pLMPa; particle size of process water atomization, i.e. water mist particle size dLμ m; process water pressure pLMPa; pressure p of atomized compressed airg2，MPa。
In actual operation, various parameters need to be reasonably controlled:
1) reasonably optimizing process water and atomized compressed air pressure, pL＝pg2∈(0.3，0.6)MPa；
2) The temperature of the position of the spraying point is basically 300-400 ℃, and the process water atomization particle diameter d is controlledLBelongs to (80,200) mu m, and ensures that the residence time of atomized liquid drops in the flue before evaporation is more than 0.1 s;
3) reasonably designing a process water spraying diffusion angle alpha and an absorbent diffusion angle beta, ensuring that the process water spraying diffusion angle alpha and the absorbent diffusion angle beta are mixed with the absorbent before the liquid drops are evaporated, and promoting the absorbent to further diffuse in the flue;
4) the flow of the absorbent is determined by the amount of flue gas and SO3And (3) determining the removal efficiency:
qs＝NSR×CSO3,in×Qy×M/22.4/1000000
wherein NSR is alkalibase/SO3The molar ratio is determined according to the removal efficiency and is basically between 1.5 and 8, and the higher the required removal efficiency is, the higher the NSR is; qyIs the flue gas flow rate, m3H; m is base molar mass, g/mol;
5) particle size ds of absorbent<50 μm, ensuring enough reaction specific surface area; absorbent fluidization air pressure pg1Atomized compressed air pressure pg2。
The spray points of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun can be selected from an economizer outlet, an SCR outlet and an air preheater outlet flue, such as a spray point I9, a spray point II 10 and a spray point III 11 in the figure 3 respectively, and the absorbent is usually Ca (OH)2、Mg(OH)2、CaO、MgO、Na2CO3、NaHCO3And the types of the absorbent are determined according to the removal efficiency and the cost of the absorbent.
The arrangement structure of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun in the flue is schematically shown in fig. 4, wherein the cross section of the flue is S1 multiplied by S2, and the medium basically covers the cross section of the flue after being sprayed and diffused.
When the operation system is required to be put into use, the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, starting process water and atomized compressed air, and adjusting to proper pressure; then starting the absorbent to fluidize the wind, and finally adding a certain amount of absorbent according to the process requirements. The dry powder injection amount is determined by the process, and the process water is basically unchanged after the pressure is adjusted.
The invention directly places the nozzle body 4 in the flue, the absorbent dry powder in the third channel 3 is carried by the fluidized air and is turned from vertical downward to be parallel to the smoke flowing direction to be sprayed out, the absorbent dry powder and the fluidized air flow to the annular channel at the periphery of the nozzle body 4 together, the arrow direction in figure 1 is the smoke flowing direction, the outlet position of the dry powder spraying channel 6 is the nozzle body 4, the outer ring at the back of the nozzle body 4 is a conical surface, the included angle between the conical surface and the horizontal direction is beta, the direction of the dry powder is changed after the dry powder is sprayed out, and on one hand, the absorbent dry powder is enabled to be sprayed at a diffusion angle beta (5 degrees)<β<15 deg. and properly delay the mixing of absorbent dry powder and water mist to avoid the aggregation of particle clusters. Water sprayed from the water mist spray holes 5Particle diameter d of mistLIs larger than the particle size ds of the absorbent dry powder. The method specifically comprises the following steps: particle size d of absorbent dry powders<50 μm, particle diameter d of water mist sprayed from the water mist spray holeLIs 80 to 200 μm.
It should be noted that the effects achieved by different injection points are different:
for injection Point one 9, SO at SCR inlet is controlled3The concentration can prevent the catalyst ABS from being deactivated, and the low-temperature operation range is widened;
for injection point two 10, SO at the inlet of the air preheater is controlled3Concentration, which effectively prevents the problem of increased resistance of the smoke and air system caused by blockage of the air preheater;
for the injection point three 11, the outlet of the air preheater and even the chimney section are generally indicated to inject the alkali-based absorbent to control SO3The concentration is considered according to the actual condition of the unit.
From the reaction kinetics perspective, gas-solid reaction process includes reactant diffusion and reactant interfacial reaction, and to low concentration gas, the diffusion has more important influence to the desorption reaction, and this use is novel can realize following several aspects's effect:
by SO3The dry powder humidifying, activating, spraying and removing process has better effect of carrying and diffusing the absorbent dry powder by water mist, and improves SO in a humid environment3The diffusion speed to the micropores of the absorbent is high, the water evaporation destroys the covering effect of the resultant on the absorbent, and the utilization efficiency of the absorbent is improved;
the small-particle dry powder is carried and diffused by the fog drops, so that the dispersion uniformity of the absorbent is improved;
humidification of SO3Form H2SO4Acid mist, quickening SO3The diffusion speed to the surface and the inner micropores of the absorbent accelerates the desorption reaction;
H2the evaporation of O has a rupture effect on the surface of the absorbent, so that micropores of the absorbent are increased, and the utilization rate is improved;
the fog drops and the absorbent are independently sprayed, so that the problem of blockage and scaling of the pipeline by the slurry is avoided.
The parts of the invention not specifically described can be realized by adopting the prior art, and the details are not described herein.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A dry powder and water mist three-fluid spray gun is characterized in that the spray gun is L-shaped and comprises a first channel, a second channel, a third channel and a spray nozzle body, the first channel, the second channel and the third channel are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, process water is filled in the first channel, compressed air is filled in the second channel, absorbent dry powder is filled in the third channel, the spray nozzle body covers the first channel, the second channel and the third channel and forms three non-communicated inner cavities, a plurality of water mist spray holes are distributed on the spray nozzle body along the circumferential direction and are communicated with the first channel and the second channel, a plurality of annular dry powder spray channels are arranged on the spray nozzle body and are positioned at the peripheries of the water mist spray holes, the outlets of the dry powder spray channels are the spray nozzle body and are communicated with the third channel, the diffusion angle of water mist sprayed by the water mist spray holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed by the dry powder spray channels, the water mist is mixed with absorbent dry powder and then is diffused in a flue, and SO is generated3And H2O to form H2SO4Acid mist, which accelerates the reaction with the absorbent.
2. The dry powder spray three-fluid spray gun of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the spray ejected from the spray ejection orifice is larger than the particle size of the absorbent dry powder ejected from the dry powder ejection orifice.
3. The dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun as claimed in claim 2, wherein the particle diameter of the water mist sprayed from the water mist spray holes is 80-200 μm, and the particle diameter of the absorbent dry powder is less than 50 μm.
4. The dry powder spray three-fluid spray gun of claim 1, wherein the spread angle of the absorbent dry powder sprayed from the dry powder spray channels ranges from 5 ° to 15 °, excluding 5 ° and 15 °.
5. The dry powder spray three-fluid spray gun of claim 1, wherein a plurality of dry absorbent powder inlets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third channel, and the dry absorbent powder inlets are obliquely and upwardly opened.
6. The use method of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the process water and the atomized compressed air are started and adjusted to a proper pressure, and the pressure of the process water and the atomized compressed air is the same and is kept at 0.3 to 0.6 MPa; and then starting absorbent fluidized air, wherein the pressure of the absorbent fluidized air is the same as the pressure of atomized compressed air, and finally throwing absorbent dry powder according to the process requirements, wherein the temperature of the spraying point of the dry powder water mist three-fluid spray gun is 300-400 ℃, the diffusion angle of the water mist sprayed by the water mist spraying holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed by the dry powder spraying pore passages, and the particle size of the water mist sprayed by the water mist spraying holes is larger than that of the absorbent dry powder sprayed by the dry powder spraying pore passages, so that the retention time of water mist droplets in a flue before evaporation is more than 0.1s is ensured.
7. Use of a dry powder spray three-fluid spray gun according to claim 6, wherein the dry powder spray quantity q of absorbent issAccording to the flow rate and SO of the flue gas3And (3) determining the removal efficiency:
qs＝NSR×CSO3,in×Qy×M/22.4/1000000
wherein NSR is base/SO3The molar ratio is determined according to the removal efficiency and is basically between 1.5 and 8, and the higher the required removal efficiency is, the higher the NSR is; qyIs the flue gas flow rate, m3H; m is the base molar mass, g/mol.
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