CN101288825B - Semi-dry type fume cleaning method and device - Google Patents
Semi-dry type fume cleaning method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101288825B CN101288825B CN2008101150852A CN200810115085A CN101288825B CN 101288825 B CN101288825 B CN 101288825B CN 2008101150852 A CN2008101150852 A CN 2008101150852A CN 200810115085 A CN200810115085 A CN 200810115085A CN 101288825 B CN101288825 B CN 101288825B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a half-dry typed flue gas purification method and a half-dry typed flue gas purification device. The method comprises: (1) power-shaped desulfurizer injected into the flue gas; (2) the temperature T1 that is higher than the dew point temperature of original flue gas is determined; atomized water is sprayed into the flue gas when the temperature of the flue gas is higher than T1; the atomized water is not sprayed into the flue gas when the temperature of the flue gas is lower than T1; the sprayed atomized water has the same flow direction as the flue gas; (3) the dedusting is carried out by adopting a deduster. The operation of spraying the atomized water into the flue gas is carried out in a vertical atomization reaction device; the adopted nozzles are arranged in the space at the upper part inside the atomization reactor; the flue gas and the atomization water flow from top to bottom in the vertical atomization reactor. The method and the device of the invention are applicable to large-range change of the temperature of the original flue gas, have high purification efficiency and reliable operation, are not easy to cause system corrosion and scaling, can obviously reduce the resistance of the system, and are mainly used for the desulfuration and dedusting of sintering the flue gas and other flue gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of damp dry type flue gas purifying method and device, be mainly used in the desulfurization and the dedusting of sinter fume and other flue gases.
Background technology
Atomizing sprays into a kind of method that milk of lime is normal use in the damp dry type flue gas purifying in flue gas.For keeping the good mobility of milk of lime, the concentration of emulsion can not be too high in the actual engineering.When raw flue gas was low, heat contained in the flue gas was also lower, can cause that flue-gas temperature is low excessively after spraying into milk of lime in this case, to such an extent as to can't keep the temperature of system enough to be higher than the dew point of system, thus the corrosion and the fouling of system caused.
Another kind method is in antalkali, to add a certain amount of water, after mixing, sprays into flue gas and can reach the effect that reduces raw flue gas temperature increase flue gas relative temperature.But very limited for preventing to be bonded in the water yield that adds in the antalkali, so when the raw flue gas variations in temperature, the control of the water yield and antalkali dosage is all too complicated.Particularly increase when too high when the raw flue gas temperature in the actual motion, add water contained in the agent in the alkalescence and evaporate rapidly, and because the water yield does not reach the effect that increases the flue gas relative temperature for a short time.
In damp dry type flue gas purifying, usually adopt the device of recirculating fluidized bed design as atomizing and the antalkali and the reaction of flue-gas acid gas composition of water.In such device, flue gas is got into by the bottom of device, in device, flows from bottom to top, and antalkali or water are sprayed into flue gas, and flue gas contains the solid particle of high concentration.The state of fluid bed receives the influence of flue gas flow very big.During less than design discharge,, can form the sedimentation of solid particle in device at flue gas flow because flue gas flow rate from bottom to top is lower.This in addition device is unfavorable for the adjusting of atomizing spray amount and usually in the bottom of device easy scale formation.Because the entrained solid particle of outlet flue gas need separate and be back in the device, so the common resistance of this device is bigger.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned defective of prior art; The invention provides a kind of damp dry type flue gas purifying method and device; Adopt this method and this device, can solve limitation and the low problem of purification efficiency that traditional half dry type flue gas treating process is difficult to satisfy raw flue gas temperature wide variation, solve the problem that traditional half dry type flue gas treating process is prone to cause system's corrosion and fouling; Solve the operational reliability problem of atomizing reaction unit, and can significantly reduce the resistance of system.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of above-mentioned purpose is: a kind of damp dry type flue gas purifying method comprises: (1) sprays into desulfurizer powder in flue gas; (2) confirm a temperature T that is higher than the raw flue gas dew-point temperature
1, when flue-gas temperature greater than T
1The time, in flue gas, spray into atomized water, when flue-gas temperature less than T
1The time, in flue gas, do not spray into atomized water; (3) adopt deduster to carry out dedusting, the atomization flow that it is characterized in that spraying into is to identical with flowing to of flue gas.
The control that can spray water according to any one following manner:
(1) according to the temperature of outlet actual measurement,, make outlet temperature remain on a fixing desired value T through changing amount of water
2, this desired value is higher than the dew-point temperature that exports flue gas;
(2) temperature according to raw flue gas is divided into the plurality of temperature section in flue, in each section, a corresponding outlet temperature desired value T is set
2,,, make the outlet temperature of each section remain on corresponding outlet temperature desired value T through changing amount of water to a concrete temperature section
2, each section outlet temperature desired value T
2The dew-point temperature that is higher than this section outlet flue gas;
(3) a fixing amount of water is set; When the raw flue gas temperature is higher than some design temperatures; According to amount of water water spray that should be fixing; The setting means of this amount of water is under the situation of known raw flue gas temperature and change of moisture content, behind this amount of water adding flue gas, makes exhanst gas outlet temperature desired value T
2Be higher than the outlet flue gas dew point temperature behind the water spray.
Said temperature T
1Usually should be higher than 10 ℃ of flue gas dew point temperature or more than, preferably be higher than 10-20 ℃ of flue gas dew point temperature, said flue or each section flue outlet temperature desired value T behind water spray
2Preferably exceed this flue behind the water spray or this section flue outlet flue gas 10 ℃ of dew-point temperatures or more than.
In flue gas, spraying into atomized water carries out in vertical atomizing reaction unit; Some spray guns that said vertical atomizing reaction unit is provided with gas approach, exhanst gas outlet and is used for spraying water to flue gas; Said gas approach is arranged on the top of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the bottom of this vertical atomizing reaction unit, and said spray gun is arranged on the upper space in the atomizing reactor, and flue gas and atomized water from up to down flow in this vertical atomizing reactor.
The quantity of said spray gun is one or more, and when the quantity of said spray gun was one, the shower nozzle of this spray gun was provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle; When the quantity of said spray gun when being a plurality of, the injection direction of each spray gun is certain angle distribution, and the shower nozzle of each spray gun preferably is provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle.
Can adopt following any one mode in flue, to spray into desulfurizer powder: (1) sprays into desulfurizer powder and carries out before the atomized water spraying into to flue gas, and the interval between both positions makes flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder; Perhaps (2) spray into desulfurizer powder and after flue gas sprays into atomized water, are carrying out, and spray into the desulfurizer powder position and make flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder with the interval between the deduster position; Perhaps (3) spray into desulfurizer powder and are spraying into to flue gas before the atomized water and carrying out respectively afterwards; Spray into desulfurizer powder before the atomized water spraying into to flue gas; Spray into the position of atomized water and the interval that in flue gas, sprays between the position of desulfurizer powder makes flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder to flue gas; After flue gas sprays into atomized water, spraying into desulfurizer powder, the interval that sprays into to flue gas between the position of position and deduster of desulfurizer powder makes the flue gas to be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder.
Said desulfurizer powder can be fresh antalkali, also can be fresh antalkali and part dust, and said dust is collected from flue gas by said deduster.
Before in spraying into flue gas, generally can carry out humidification, make the 2%-15% of its water content for its dry to desulfurizer powder.
Can also in flue gas, spray into the dust of collecting by deduster separately; The position that in flue gas, sprays into separately dust on the flue of the import department of said deduster or deduster front, before dust sprays into flue gas, carry out earlier humidification or not humidification directly spray in the flue gas.
A kind of damp dry type flue gas purifying device; Comprise desulfurizer powder jetting device, vertical atomizing reaction unit and deduster, said vertical atomizing reaction unit is connected on the flue through gas approach and exhanst gas outlet, and said deduster is positioned at said vertical atomizing reaction unit back; The exhanst gas outlet that connects said vertical atomizing reactor through flue; The quantity of said desulfurizer powder jetting device is one or more, is connected on the flue of deduster front, some spray guns that said vertical atomizing reaction unit is provided with gas approach, exhanst gas outlet and is used for spraying water to flue gas; Said gas approach is arranged on the top of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the bottom of this vertical atomizing reaction unit, and said spray gun is arranged on the upper space in the atomizing reactor, and the quantity of said spray gun is one or more; When the quantity of said shower nozzle was one, the shower nozzle of this spray gun was provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle; When the quantity of said spray gun when being a plurality of; The injection direction of each spray gun is certain angle distribution; And the shower nozzle of each spray gun preferably is provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle, the atomizing reaction unit gas approach with the outlet generally temperature-detecting device should be set respectively.
Said desulfurizer powder jetting device can be according to any one setting in the following manner: the quantity of (1) desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Import connects the first desulfurizing agent humidifying device that is positioned at outside the flue; Said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit, and the said first desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import and water inlet, and the said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the import of said deduster or the flue of said deduster front; Its outlet is positioned at the exhaust gases passes of said deduster import department or the flue of deduster front, and import connects the ash discharge pipeline of deduster; (2) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Import connects the fresh antalkali source that is positioned at outside the flue, and said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit, and the said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the import of said deduster or the flue of said deduster front; Its outlet is positioned at the exhaust gases passes of said deduster import department or the flue of deduster front; Import connects the second desulfurizing agent humidifying device, and the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with dust import and water inlet, and the dust import of the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster; Perhaps the quantity of (3) desulfurizer powder jetting device is one; Comprise the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue between said vertical atomizing reaction unit and the deduster; Its outlet is positioned at this flue; Import connects the second desulfurizing agent humidifying device that is positioned at outside the flue, and said second desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the said deduster import, and the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import, dust import and water inlet; The fresh antalkali import of the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device connects fresh antalkali source, and the dust import connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster; (4) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit; The second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the import of said deduster or the flue of said deduster front; Its outlet is positioned at the exhaust gases passes of said deduster import department or the flue of deduster front; Said second desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the said deduster import, and the import of the import of the said first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device all is connected and same desulfurizing agent humidifying device, and this desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import, dust import and water inlet; Said fresh antalkali import connects fresh antalkali source, and said dust import connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster.
Can in the flue of said desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet, be provided with a reverse cone that faces this outlet, each import on the said desulfurizing agent humidifier is respectively equipped with the water flow regulating device and the granular material flow regulator of control flow.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: atomizing spray is carried out corresponding startup, stops through critical-temperature is set; Simple to operate, flexible, simple in structure, compact, through the method for antalkali humidification and atomizing spray; Make the antalkali after humidification is handled before atomizing spray, add flue gas system; Effectively utilized the time of staying of flue gas in vertical atomizing reaction unit, increased absorption, absorbed and neutralization reaction efficient; Improve purification efficiency and operational reliability, given full play to the reaction efficiency of antalkali under different temperatures.The present invention has solved the limitation that traditional half dry type flue gas treating process can't satisfy raw flue gas temperature wide variation through its process combination and control method; Anti-locking system corrosion and fouling; Be particularly useful for temperature and the bigger Industrial Stoves of changes in flow rate scope, applied widely, SR is low; The use sack cleaner can reach the desulfuration efficiency more than 90% under calcium sulfur ratio 1.1-1.3, uses electrostatic precipitator can reach the desulfuration efficiency more than 75%; Through the atomising device that forward flows, realized the abundant mixing of each component on the one hand, avoided the increase of SR on the other hand.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of purifier of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of purification method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is second kind of schematic flow sheet of purification method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the third schematic flow sheet of purification method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the vertical atomizing reaction unit of purifier of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of reverse cone of dusting relating to of purifier of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet that relates to the desulfurizing agent humidification of purification method of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the gun design sketch map that the present invention shows the nozzle distribution mode;
Fig. 9 is the gun design sketch map that the present invention shows shower nozzle and spray boom angle.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 9, the present invention proposes a kind of damp dry type flue gas purifying method and device thereof, has solved limitation and the low problem of purification efficiency that traditional half dry type flue gas treating process is difficult to satisfy raw flue gas temperature and flow wide variation; Solved the problem that traditional half dry type flue gas treating process is prone to cause system's corrosion and fouling; Solved the operational reliability problem of atomizing reaction unit; Significantly reduced the resistance of system.
Main feature of the present invention is that flue gas flows from top to bottom in the atomizing reaction unit; Can multiinjector be integrated into a spray gun by certain angle; Described one or more spray gun is arranged on the top of reaction tower, and the water of atomizing sprays into the atomizing reactor downwards from the top.Flue gas can spray into antalkali before getting into.Owing to the temperature difference of flue gas, atomizing spray and speed difference formed atomized water and flue gas and with antalkali local flow in the horizontal, thereby the water of top-down flue gas, atomizing and antalkali are fully mixed and reaction.
The flue gas that the atomizing reaction unit comes out gets into follow-up deduster, and according to specific circumstances, deduster can be that electrostatic precipitator also can be a sack cleaner.
For removing sour gas, need in flue gas, add antalkali, like calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide etc.For improving reaction efficiency.Before adding, can the reaction residue and the dust of antalkali and/or deduster collection evenly be mixed with water in a blender, the addition of water is the 2%-15% of dry matter weight; Mixed solid particle has been increased humidity but is also non-caked each other.Be technologic facility, under the situation that can guarantee desulfurized effect, also can be to antalkali humidification not.
Antalkali behind the humidification added flue gas before atomizing spray; After antalkali behind the humidification added flue gas, the time of staying >=0.5 of mixing, reacting with flue gas second began atomizing spray again; With the characteristic of raw flue gas, the antalkali behind the humidification also can add flue gas after atomizing spray and atomizing reaction unit as the case may be, and behind the adding flue gas, the time of staying >=0.5 of mixing, reacting with flue gas second gets into follow-up deduster again.
For antalkali is fully mixed with flue gas, the antalkali behind the humidification adopts gas to carry or the method for air distribution is sprayed into flue gas.When flue gas flow is big, in the flue static mixing device can be set.
To the fume emission source of original temperature, confirm " critical-temperature " T from 50 ℃ to 1000 ℃
1, and generally, 70 ℃＜T
1＜150 ℃; When the raw flue gas temperature is lower than T
1The time, atomizing spray quits work; When the raw flue gas temperature surpasses T
1The time, start atomizing spray, and the temperature behind the atomizing spray is controlled at T
1Temperature levels.The setting of this critical-temperature is for the temperature that guarantees flue gas is higher than dew-point temperature, and usually, this critical-temperature can be higher than about 20 ℃ of dew-point temperatures, generally should be higher than 10 ℃ at least, for example is higher than 10 ℃ of dew-point temperatures, 15 ℃, 20 ℃ or 30 ℃.
Above-mentioned deduster has exhaust opening and ash hole; Can adopt multiple flexible way to realize being provided with each step and each equipment; For example flue connects before the vertical atomizing reaction unit or connects before the deduster; Connect earlier the blender that is used for antalkali or desulfurizing agent humidification, this blender has water and adds inlet and add inlet with antalkali, so that in blender, fully mix through the water with adding antalkali is carried out humidification.
The ash hole of above-mentioned deduster can be communicated with blender by pipeline.
The ash hole of above-mentioned deduster can both be communicated with blender by pipeline, communicated with the deduster inlet again.
The shell of above-mentioned vertical atomizing reaction unit can be reaction tower or flue itself.
Above-mentioned deduster can be sack cleaner or electrostatic precipitator.
To a definite fume emission source, through detailed calculated, consider the raw flue gas amount, raw flue gas range of temperature and raw flue gas water capacity excursion are confirmed " critical-temperature " T
1, and 70 ℃＜T generally
1＜150 ℃.When the raw flue gas temperature is lower than T
1The time, atomizing spray quits work.Contained water effective promotes the reaction of sour gas at particle surface behind the antalkali humidification, and keeps system temperature enough to be higher than the dew-point temperature under the corresponding water content.The raw flue gas temperature surpasses T
1The Shi Qidong atomizing spray also is controlled at T with the temperature behind the atomizing spray
1Temperature levels.
Make flue gas its temperature under certain humidity be higher than dew point in the purification of flue gases by semidry process system, thereby system keep dry state.Except the characteristic of antalkali, the humidity of flue gas, temperature have material impact to the efficient of removing sour gas.Usually the relative humidity increase helps the removal of sour gas.
This damp dry type flue gas purifying process is used for removing the acid gas component of burnt gas, its process:
Antalkali evenly mixes with water in a blender, and the addition of water is the 2%-15% (weight ratio) of dry, thereby increases the water capacity of antalkali, promotes absorption, absorbs and neutralization reaction.Have at antalkali under the situation of certain water content, can pass through the original water content of antalkali, confirm the access amount of water, making the water content behind its humidification is the 2%-15% of dry.
Antalkali behind the humidification added flue gas before atomizing spray, effectively to utilize the time of staying of flue gas at atomization process, promote reaction.
Sharp agent mixes, reacts with flue gas in flue (or blender of special configuration) after adding flue gas in the alkalescence behind the humidification.The time of staying >=0.5 of flue gas second between the adding point of nertralizer and the adding point of atomized water.
When the raw flue gas temperature is lower than " critical-temperature " T
1The time, atomizing spray quits work, but because system temperature is lower in the case, water evaporates speed contained in the antalkali is slower, still can effectively promote reaction, reaches the clearance to the sour gas height.
The damp dry type flue gas purifying process system, the atomizing spray control method makes system can satisfy the raw flue gas temperature from 50 ℃ to 1000 ℃ scope, guarantees the drying regime of system simultaneously.
Damp dry type flue gas purifying process system, the adding of considered nertralizer are put the requirement of the time of staying of the adding point of atomized water, make this time of staying be not less than 0.5 second.Get into the antalkali hybrid reaction of humidification in advance, atomizing spray then, thus realized system compact, simple, effectively utilize the effect of system's time of staying.
Technology of the present invention and system are made up of following major part: humidification by mixing of gas 5 is provided with fresh antalkali (or other desulfurizing agents) import 4 and water inlet 6, can in blender 5, can add remaining nertralizer and reaction product that part is collected from deduster 3.Amount of water is controlled at the 2%-15% (weight ratio) into dry, for the antalkali with certain water content, then should calculate suitable amount of water and make the water content behind the humidification be the 2%-15% of its dry.After the humidification processing, antalkali joins in the flue gas and with flue gas and mixes, and sour gas adsorbs, absorbs, neutralization reaction in antalkali particle after humidification is handled and the flue gas.In follow-up vertical atomizing reaction unit 2, spray into water 7 through compressed air atomizing to reduce flue-gas temperature to flue gas, increase flue gas relative humidity, antalkali and sour gas further react simultaneously.Vertical atomizing reaction unit 2 can be the special reaction tower that makes up, also flue itself.Product and remaining nertralizer are collected in deduster 3.The deduster ash discharge effluxes 8 and can form the deduster ash discharge and return the part of flue 10 and/or return the part that the deduster ash discharge returns humidification reactor 9, and deduster can be sack cleaner formula electrostatic precipitator.
Referring to Fig. 5; Some spray guns 2.4 that said vertical atomizing reaction unit is provided with gas approach 2.1, exhanst gas outlet 2.5 and is used for spraying water to flue gas; Said spray gun is connected with tracheal pressure 2.2 and water pipe 2.3, forms the atomized water jet through the high pressure draught injection, and said gas approach is arranged on the top of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the bottom of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said spray gun is arranged on the upper space in the atomizing reactor, and the quantity of said spray gun is one or more, and the shower nozzle of a said spray gun is provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle; The injection direction of said a plurality of spray guns is certain angle distribution, also can be provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle on the shower nozzle of each spray gun.Flue gas is got into by the top of device, flows downward then.The water (among Fig. 5 show with the atomizing supplementary means of pressure gas) of atomizing as water through one or more spray guns along flow of flue gas direction jetting device.Flue gas leaves the atomizing reaction unit by bottom of device.
Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the shower nozzle of said spray gun is installed in the front end of spray boom, and a plurality of nozzles are installed on the conical surface of shower nozzle, because nozzle is installed on the conical surface, produces certain angle between the emission direction of different nozzles.The direction of shower nozzle and the direction of gun shot (represent with w among Fig. 9) that at an angle as the case may be, angle is between 30 °-180 °.Also can directly shower nozzle be installed on the feed pipe in the practice, form the spray gun of not establishing spray boom thus.
Through the unique design of above atomizing reaction unit, atomizing lance and nozzle, flue gas by even humidification, does not increase the resistance of system at the atomizing reaction unit simultaneously again.
The present invention realizes the humidification of antalkali and other desulfurizing agents through humidifying device; Process metering earlier when antalkali adds according to the water addition ratio example of setting, is regulated to the required water yield of humidification mixing arrangement adding through adding discharge; Behind the humidification, material adds flue.System moves continuously.
The different processes flow process can be set, for example:
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are two typical flow, and difference is the object and the technologic position of humidification.Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2 to fresh antalkali humidification, the antalkali behind the humidification is sprayed into atomizing reaction unit flue before; Fresh antalkali embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is by humidification, adds the flue before the atomizing reactor, and the residue cyclic part that deduster is collected adds the flue before the deduster after by humidification.The residue cyclic part that fresh antalkali embodiment illustrated in fig. 4 is collected with deduster by humidification after, add the flue before the deduster.
The improvement project of antalkali dosing method: when exhaust gas volumn is big, can improve mixed effect and the reaction efficiency that adds back antalkali and flue gas through special dosing method.Fig. 7 improves a kind of mode that antalkali mixes with flue gas, and its outlet at dusting device has been provided with a reverse cone 12 at the back, so that strengthen immixture.
The control basic principle of this process system is following: to a definite fume emission source, through detailed calculated, consider the raw flue gas amount, raw flue gas range of temperature and raw flue gas water capacity excursion are confirmed " critical-temperature " T
1, and 70 ℃＜T
1＜150 ℃.When the raw flue gas temperature is lower than T
1The time, atomizing spray quits work.Contained water effective promotes the reaction of sour gas at particle surface behind the antalkali humidification, and keeps system temperature enough to be higher than the dew-point temperature under the corresponding water content.The raw flue gas temperature surpasses T
1The Shi Qidong atomizing spray also is controlled at the temperature behind the atomizing spray temperature desired value T that is designed
2Level.
Particularly, can adopt following manner to control:, to confirm " critical-temperature " T to the fume emission source of original temperature from 50 ℃ to 1000 ℃
1, and 70 ℃＜T
1＜150 ℃; When the raw flue gas temperature is lower than T
1The time, atomizing spray quits work; When the raw flue gas temperature surpasses T
1The time, start atomizing spray.For a set fume emission source, the temperature of raw flue gas and the excursion of water vapour content are known.T
1Be to confirm T according to the containing water vapor amount of raw flue gas
1Usually the saturation temperature than raw flue gas water vapour content exceeds at least 10 ℃, for example is higher than the arbitrary temp in the dew-point temperature 10-30 ℃ scope, in case locking system part dewfall when catching a cold.
The raw flue gas temperature is higher than T
1The time, water spray starts automatically.One of following control method or their combination are adopted in the control of injection flow rate:
(1) according to the temperature of outlet actual measurement,, make outlet temperature remain on a fixing desired value T through changing amount of water
2, need checking in the design, under the water yield of adding (heat of vaporization in flue gas becomes steam) and raw flue gas water content and the situation of getting up, desired value T
2Generally should than corresponding dew-point temperature exceed 10 ℃ or more than, in case locking system part dewfall when catching a cold;
(2) also can the temperature of raw flue gas be divided into the plurality of temperature section, in each section, a corresponding outlet temperature desired value be arranged.To a concrete temperature section, method described in the front (1) is adopted in the control of amount of water;
(3) all be to make exit gas temperature reach desired value in above-mentioned two kinds of methods through regulating the control amount of water.In addition, a fixing amount of water can be set also, when the raw flue gas temperature is higher than some design temperatures, no longer control amount of water.
Make flue gas its temperature under certain humidity be higher than the pairing dew point of this humidity in the purification of flue gases by semidry process system, thereby system keep dry state.Except the characteristic of antalkali, the humidity of flue gas, temperature have material impact to the efficient of removing sour gas.Usually the increase of relative humidity helps the removal of sour gas.
Claims (8)
1. damp dry type flue gas purifying method, comprising: (1) sprays into desulfurizer powder in flue gas; (2) confirm a temperature T that is higher than the raw flue gas dew-point temperature
1, when flue-gas temperature greater than T
1The time, in flue gas, spray into atomized water, when flue-gas temperature less than T
1The time, in flue gas, do not spray into atomized water; (3) adopt deduster to carry out dedusting; The atomization flow that it is characterized in that spraying into is to identical with flowing to of flue gas; And the control of spraying water according to following manner: the temperature according to raw flue gas in flue is divided into the plurality of temperature section, in each section, a corresponding outlet temperature desired value T is set
2,,, make the outlet temperature of each section remain on corresponding outlet temperature desired value T through changing amount of water to a concrete temperature section
2, each section outlet temperature desired value T
2The dew-point temperature that is higher than this section outlet flue gas, said temperature T
1At least be higher than 10 ℃ of flue gas dew point temperature, the outlet temperature desired value T of said each section flue behind water spray
2Exceed this section flue outlet flue gas behind the water spray 10 ℃ of dew-point temperatures or more than.
2. damp dry type flue gas purifying method as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that in flue gas, spraying into atomized water carries out in vertical atomizing reaction unit; One or more spray guns that said vertical atomizing reaction unit is provided with gas approach, exhanst gas outlet and is used for spraying water to flue gas; Said gas approach is arranged on the top of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the bottom of this vertical atomizing reaction unit, and said spray gun is arranged on the upper space in the atomizing reactor, and flue gas and atomized water from up to down flow in this vertical atomizing reactor; When the quantity of said spray gun was one, the shower nozzle of this spray gun was provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle; When the quantity of said spray gun when being a plurality of, the injection direction of each spray gun is certain angle distribution, and also is provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle on the shower nozzle of each spray gun.
3. damp dry type flue gas purifying method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that adopting in the following manner any one in flue, to spray into desulfurizer powder: (1) sprays into desulfurizer powder and spray into atomized water to flue gas before, carries out, and the interval between both positions makes flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder; Perhaps (2) spray into desulfurizer powder and after flue gas sprays into atomized water, are carrying out, and spray into the desulfurizer powder position and make flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder with the interval between the deduster position; Perhaps (3) spray into desulfurizer powder and are spraying into to flue gas before the atomized water and carrying out respectively afterwards; Spray into desulfurizer powder between the atomized water spraying into to flue gas; Spray into the position of atomized water and the interval that in flue gas, sprays between the position of desulfurizer powder makes flue gas be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder to flue gas; After flue gas sprays into atomized water, spraying into desulfurizer powder, the interval that sprays between the position of position and deduster of desulfurizer powder makes the flue gas to be not less than 0.5 second with the reaction time of desulfurizer powder.
4. damp dry type flue gas purifying method as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that said desulfurizer powder is fresh antalkali; The dust of perhaps collecting that contains remaining antalkali for deduster, perhaps both mixtures, in spraying into flue gas before; Desulfurizer powder carried out spraying into behind the humidification in the flue gas again or do not carry out humidification directly desulfurizer powder is sprayed in the flue gas, the requirement of said humidification is to make the 2%-15% of its water content for its dry matter weight.
5. damp dry type flue gas purifying method as claimed in claim 4; It is characterized in that also in flue gas, spraying into separately the dust of collecting by deduster; In flue gas, spray into separately the import department of the position of dust at said deduster, dust before spraying into flue gas, carry out earlier humidification or not humidification directly spray in the flue gas.
6. damp dry type flue gas purifying device; Comprise desulfurizer powder jetting device, vertical atomizing reaction unit and deduster; Said vertical atomizing reaction unit is connected on the flue through gas approach and exhanst gas outlet, and said deduster is positioned at said vertical atomizing reaction unit back, connects the exhanst gas outlet of said vertical atomizing reactor through flue; The quantity of said desulfurizer powder jetting device is one or more; Be connected on the flue of deduster front, it is characterized in that one or more spray guns that said vertical atomizing reaction unit is provided with gas approach, exhanst gas outlet and is used for spraying water to flue gas, said gas approach is arranged on the top of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said exhanst gas outlet is arranged on the bottom of this vertical atomizing reaction unit; Said spray gun is arranged on the upper space in the atomizing reactor, and when the quantity of said spray gun was one, the shower nozzle of said spray gun was provided with a plurality of injection directions distributed nozzle at an angle; When the quantity of said spray gun when being a plurality of; The injection direction of said a plurality of spray guns is certain angle distribution, in the gas approach and the outlet of atomizing reaction unit temperature-detecting device is set respectively, and the damp dry type flue gas purifying method that this damp dry type flue gas purifying device adopts comprises: (1) sprays into desulfurizer powder in flue gas; (2) confirm a temperature T that is higher than the raw flue gas dew-point temperature
1, when flue-gas temperature greater than T
1The time, in flue gas, spray into atomized water, when flue-gas temperature less than T
1The time, in flue gas, do not spray into atomized water; (3) adopt deduster to carry out dedusting; The atomization flow that sprays into is to identical with flowing to of flue gas; And the control of spraying water according to following manner: the temperature according to raw flue gas in flue is divided into the plurality of temperature section, in each section, a corresponding outlet temperature desired value T is set
2,,, make the outlet temperature of each section remain on corresponding outlet temperature desired value T through changing amount of water to a concrete temperature section
2, each section outlet temperature desired value T
2The dew-point temperature that is higher than this section outlet flue gas, said temperature T
1At least be higher than 10 ℃ of flue gas dew point temperature, the outlet temperature desired value T of said each section flue behind water spray
2Exceed this section flue outlet flue gas behind the water spray 10 ℃ of dew-point temperatures or more than.
7. damp dry type flue gas purifying device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that the desulfurizer powder jetting device is according to any one setting in the following manner:
(1) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Import connects the first desulfurizing agent humidifying device that is positioned at outside the flue; Said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit, and the said first desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import and water inlet, and the said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the import of said deduster or the flue of said deduster front; Its outlet is positioned at the exhaust gases passes of said deduster import department or the flue of deduster front, and import connects the ash discharge pipeline of deduster;
(2) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Import connects the fresh antalkali source that is positioned at outside the flue, and said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit, and the said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the import of said deduster or the flue of said deduster front; Its outlet is positioned at the exhaust gases passes of said deduster import department or the flue of deduster front; Import connects the second desulfurizing agent humidifying device, and the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with dust import and water inlet, and the dust import of the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster;
(3) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is one; Comprise the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue between said vertical atomizing reaction unit and the deduster; Its outlet is positioned at this flue; Import connects the second desulfurizing agent humidifying device that is positioned at outside the flue, and said second desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the said deduster import, and the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import, dust import and water inlet; The fresh antalkali import of the said second desulfurizing agent humidifying device connects fresh antalkali source, and the dust import connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster;
(4) quantity of desulfurizer powder jetting device is two; Comprise the first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device; The said first desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Its outlet is positioned at the flue of said vertical atomizing reaction unit front; Said first desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the import of said vertical atomizing reaction unit; The second desulfurizer powder jetting device inserts the flue of said deduster front, and its outlet is positioned at the flue of said deduster front, and said second desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet is not less than 0.5 second distance of flow of flue gas apart from the flue length between the said deduster import; The import of the import of the said first desulfurizer powder jetting device and the second desulfurizer powder jetting device all is connected and same desulfurizing agent humidifying device; This desulfurizing agent humidifying device is provided with fresh antalkali import, dust import and water inlet, and said fresh antalkali import connects fresh antalkali source, and said dust import connects the ash discharge pipeline of said deduster.
8. damp dry type flue gas purifying device as claimed in claim 7; It is characterized in that in the flue of said desulfurizer powder jetting device outlet; Be provided with a reverse cone that faces this outlet, each import on the said desulfurizing agent humidizer is respectively equipped with the water flow regulating device and the granular material flow regulator of control flow.
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| CN101829494B (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2012-10-31 | 上海立谊环保工程技术有限公司 | Dry ash wetting and recycling technology for desulfurizing sintered fume by rotary spraying and drying method |
| CN107837626B (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2023-05-12 | 安徽中科自动化股份有限公司 | Temperature-triggered dust removal, desulfurization and denitration method and device for hand-fired furnace coal-fired flue-curing barn |
| CN108549223B (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2020-12-25 | 邯郸学院 | Method for controlling humidifying water ratio in semi-dry flue gas desulfurization process |
| CN110694459A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-17 | 北京中航泰达环保科技股份有限公司 | Dry desulfurization reaction device |
| CN116510495B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2024-03-22 | 曲阜龙坤环保科技有限公司 | Sintering flue gas desulfurizing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN118477472B (en) * | 2024-07-11 | 2024-10-18 | 北京利德衡环保工程有限公司 | Dry desulfurization horizontal reactor |
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