CN113384289B - A knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed and its detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed and a detection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medical image service, wherein the automatic detection bed comprises an X-ray emitting device and a detection bed board, and an X-ray imaging receiving device is embedded in the detection bed board, and the knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed is characterized in that: the detection bed board is arranged on the angle control base; the angle control base, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device are electrically connected with the processor respectively. The detection method comprises the following steps: inputting or acquiring knee joint characteristic data of a patient; pre-shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient; obtaining a deviation angle through image processing; adjusting and detecting the angle of the bed board according to the deviation angle to correct the angle; and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient. The automatic X-ray detection method for the lateral position of the knee joint disclosed by the invention can automatically and quickly calculate the shooting deviation angle of the knee joint of a patient and correct the shooting angle, thereby efficiently shooting a standard X-ray of the lateral position of the knee joint.

Description

A knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed and its detection method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical imaging services, and in particular relates to a knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed and a detection method thereof.

Background technique

The knee joint is the largest joint in the human body, and it is also one of the most frequently injured joints. Once something goes wrong, in addition to the doctor's manual examination, imaging examination is to determine the injury site, judge the degree of injury, formulate a treatment plan, and predict and evaluate the treatment. Indispensable method for effect.

The most common imaging test for the knee is an x-ray. However, X-ray knee examination has very high requirements for the angle of knee joint shooting. In particular, standard lateral X-ray requirements: 1. The posterior border of the medial femoral condyle overlaps with the posterior border of the lateral condyle, and the projection tube is perpendicular to the overlapping border of the medial and lateral posterior condyles; 2. The tibiofemoral joint space and the patellofemoral joint space can be clearly displayed joint space.

In the actual operation, the tube ball is projected from the inside to the outside of the knee joint, and the projection angle of the coronal position is adjusted under X-ray fluoroscopy, so that the contour lines of the inner and outer posterior condyles are generally consistent and the most convex points of the two are at the same level; then According to the specific situation, the patient is asked to rotate his thigh (femur) internally or externally, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles completely overlap. During the positioning process, medical staff need to guide the patient to adjust their posture continuously through voice, while the patient has to receive X-ray irradiation all the time. Many patients and medical staff do not cooperate tacitly, which will lead to substandard photos or waste a lot of time adjusting posture.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed and its detection method, by automatically identifying the deviation angle of the patient's knee joint lateral position placement, and then automatically controlling the detection bed board It can automatically adjust the shooting angle of the patient's knee, which can avoid language communication barriers between medical staff and patients and shooting difficulties caused by poor self-control ability of the patient's body, and greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of knee joint X-ray detection.

The first purpose of the present invention is to disclose a knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed, including an X-ray emitting device and a detection bed board, the detection bed board is embedded with an X-ray imaging receiving device, and the detection bed board is installed on an angle control on the base; the angle control base, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray emitting device are respectively electrically connected to the processor.

Preferably, the angle control base includes a first base and a second base, the left side of the first base is hinged to the left side of the second base, and the first base and the second base are connected by a telescopic rod; The detection bed board is installed on the second base.

Preferably, the angle control base further includes a third base, the third base is located between the second base and the detection bed; the front side of the third base is hinged to the front side of the second base, The third base is connected to the second base through a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board is installed on the third base.

Further, the two ends of the telescopic rod are respectively hinged to the first base and the second base; the second telescopic rod is connected to the third base and the second base to be hinged respectively.

Further, the edge of the detection bed board is provided with a raised bed edge.

Preferably, a non-slip pad is provided on the upper surface of the detection bed.

The second object of the present invention is in order to disclose the detection method that adopts above-mentioned detection bed, comprises the following steps:

Input or obtain patient knee joint characteristic data;

Pre-shoot lateral images of the patient's knee joint;

Obtain the deviation angle through image processing;

Adjusting the angle of the detection bed board according to the deviation angle for correction;

A standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient was obtained.

Preferably, the method for obtaining the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint comprises the following steps:

Take the lateral image of the patient's knee joint for the first time, and obtain image A;

Control the rotation of the detection bed a', take the second lateral image of the knee joint of the patient, and obtain image B;

Knee joint characteristic data were obtained by image A, image B and a' analysis.

Preferably, the second shooting is used as a pre-shooting.

Further, after the standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is obtained, the detection bed board is controlled to rotate to the horizontal position.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed disclosed by the present invention can automatically adjust the angle, and the patient lying on the bed board can change the angle between the knee joint and the X-ray detection along with the adjustment of the detection bed board angle, and automatically take standard photos . The use of the device can avoid language communication barriers between medical staff and patients and shooting difficulties caused by patients' poor body self-control ability, and greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of knee joint X-ray detection.

The knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection method disclosed by the present invention can automatically and quickly calculate the deviation angle of the patient's knee joint shooting, and correct the shooting angle, so as to efficiently take standard knee joint lateral X-ray photos.

For more beneficial effects, refer to the specific implementation for detailed development.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram of embodiment 2;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the principle of embodiment 3;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional modeling of human knee joint;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of photographing the dislocation of the inner and outer distal condyles of the human knee joint;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of photographing the dislocation of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the human knee joint;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the trigonometric function relation of deviation angles a and b;

Fig. 11 is a photographic schematic diagram of the dislocation of the inner and outer distal condyles of the human knee joint and the dislocation of the posterior condyle;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the relationship of trigonometric functions for calculating the deviation angle a in Embodiment 5.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative relationship between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). When the positional relationship, movement conditions, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second" and so on are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist , nor within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Example 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed shown in this embodiment includes an X-ray emitting device 100 and a detection bed board 200 , and the detection bed board 200 is embedded with an X-ray imaging receiving device. The human body lies on the detection bed board 200 and the knee is placed between the X-ray emitting device 100 and the X-ray imaging receiving device to perform shooting. The detection bed board 200 is installed on the angle control base 300 , and the angle control base 300 can control the angle of the detection bed board 200 . The angle control base 300, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray emitting device 100 are respectively electrically connected to the processor. The processor can control the X-ray emitting device 100 to emit a light source to take pictures, can perform image processing and analysis on the signal sent back by the X-ray imaging receiving device, and can also control the angle control base 300 to adjust the angle according to the analysis result.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , an automatic detection bed with a one-dimensional rotation function is shown, and the automatic detection bed that can rotate around the y-axis is shown in the figure. The angle control base 300 includes a first base 301 and a second base 302 , the left side of the first base 301 is hinged to the left side of the second base 302 (the hinge axis is along the y-axis direction shown in the figure). Of course, the right side of the first base 301 is hinged to the right side of the second base 302, which agrees to realize the function, and is also within the scope of protection of this patent, and will not be illustrated or repeated here. The first base 301 and the second base 302 are connected by a telescopic rod 304 , and the angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 is controlled by the length of the telescopic rod 304 . The telescopic rod 304 can adopt an existing rod with a telescopic function, such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric screw. The detection bed board 200 is installed on the second base 302, and the first base 301 only needs to be installed on the ground.

As shown in Figure 2, the initial state of the detection bed 200 is on the horizontal plane, the human body lies sideways on the detection bed 200 along the x-axis direction, the lateral image of the patient's knee joint is pre-shot, and the dislocation L1 of the inner and outer distal condyles of the knee joint is calculated through image analysis, As shown in Figure 8. The distance between the most prominent edge of the inner and outer distal condyles of the patient's knee joint is A1, as shown in Figure 7. A1 can be obtained as the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint input in advance, or can be obtained in other ways (details will be described later). The deviation angle a can be calculated through the relationship of trigonometric functions, as shown in FIG. 10 , a=arcsin(L1/A1). After obtaining the deviation angle a, control the telescopic rod 304 to adjust the included angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the inner and outer distal condyles of the patient's knee joint can coincide, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting. In order to make a be a positive angle or a negative angle, the longitudinal sections of the first base 301 and the second base 302 are specially designed to be triangular. As shown in FIG. 1 , the telescopic rod 304 can be extended or shortened.

Example 2:

As shown in FIG. 3 , the only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the automatic detection bed can rotate around the x-axis. The angle control base 300 includes a first base 301 and a second base 302 , the front side of the first base 301 is hinged to the front side of the second base 302 (the hinge axis is along the x-axis direction shown in the figure). Of course, the rear side of the first base 301 and the rear side of the second base 302 can also be hinged to realize the function, all of which are within the scope of protection of this patent, and will not be illustrated or repeated here.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the initial state of the detection bed 200 is on a horizontal plane, and the human body lies sideways on the detection bed 200 along the x-axis direction. The lateral image of the patient's knee joint is pre-shot, and the dislocation L2 of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint is calculated through image analysis. As shown in Figure 9. The distance between the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the patient's knee joint is A2, as shown in Figure 7. A2 can be obtained as the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint input in advance, or can be obtained in other ways (details will be described later). The deviation angle b can be calculated through the relationship of trigonometric functions, as shown in FIG. 10 , b=arcsin(L2/A2). After obtaining the deviation angle b, control the telescopic rod 304 to adjust the angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the patient's knee joint can coincide, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting. In order to make b can be a positive angle or a negative angle, the longitudinal sections of the first base 301 and the second base 302 are specially designed to be triangular. As shown in FIG. 3 , the telescopic rod 304 can be extended or shortened.

Example 3:

Both Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are automatic detection beds with only one dimension rotation function, and the scope of use is relatively narrow. One of the dimensions can be adjusted through the automatic detection bed, while the remaining dimension still has to be controlled by the patient himself. Adjustment. Although embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are not perfect enough in terms of technical effects, these two embodiments also use the inventive concept of the present invention and can solve certain technical problems, so they are included in the protection scope of the present invention as an extension . In order to make the automatic detection bed more intelligent, Embodiment 3 is actually a combination of the technical solutions of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, so that the detection bed board 200 can rotate around the x-axis and the y-axis at the same time, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, the adjustment of any angle of the detection bed board 200 can be realized.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, the angle control base 300 also includes a third base 303, and the third base 303 is located between the second base 302 and the detection bed board 200; the front of the third base 303 The side is hinged with the front side of the second base 302 (the hinge axis is along the x-axis direction shown in the figure), and the third base 303 and the second base 302 are connected by a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board 200 is installed on the third base 303 on. Both ends of the telescopic rod 304 are hinged to the first base 301 and the second base 302 respectively; the second telescopic rod is connected to the third base 303 and the second base 302 to be hinged respectively.

As shown in FIG. 6 , although the automatic testing bed of this embodiment can realize the adjustment of any angle of the plane, in actual operation, any plane is decomposed into two included angles relative to the horizontal plane x-axis and y-axis. Correction by rotation in two dimensions. Specifically, the initial state of the detection bed 200 is on the horizontal plane, the human body is lying sideways on the detection bed 200 along the x-axis direction, the lateral image of the patient's knee joint is pre-shot, and the dislocation L1 of the inner and outer distal condyles of the knee joint and the dislocation L1 of the inner and outer distal condyles of the knee joint are calculated through image analysis. Lateral posterior condyle dislocation L2, as shown in Figure 11. The deviation angles a and b can be calculated through the relationship of trigonometric functions, as shown in FIG. 10 , a=arcsin(L1/A1); b=arcsin(L2/A2). After obtaining the deviation angle a, control the telescopic rod 304 to adjust the angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the inner and outer distal condyles of the patient’s knee joint can coincide; after obtaining the deviation angle b, control the second telescopic The angle between the third base 303 and the second base 302 is adjusted by the rod to correct, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the patient's knee joint can coincide, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting.

Since the detection bed board 200 may tilt during the shooting process, in order to reduce the risk of the patient lying on it slipping down, a raised bed edge 201 is provided on the edge of the detection bed board 200 , as shown in FIGS. 1 , 3 and 5 . In order to further prevent the patient from sliding on the upper surface of the detection bed 200 , thereby changing the irradiation position, an anti-slip mat 202 is provided on the upper surface of the detection bed 200 to increase the friction between the patient and the bed.

Example 4:

This embodiment will describe in detail the detection method using the above-mentioned detection bed, which mainly includes the following steps:

Step 1: Input the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint. The two most important data are the distance A1 of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral distal condyle of the patient's knee joint and the distance A2 of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyle of the patient's knee joint, as shown in Figure 7. Before the lateral X-ray detection of the knee joint, if other detections, such as CT, can be used for three-dimensional modeling, then A1 and A2 can be measured from the three-dimensional model, as shown in Figure 7. If these two items of data are not available during detection, the method of Embodiment 5 can be used to operate.

Step 2: Pre-shoot the lateral image of the patient's knee joint. If the patient's posture is not standard, it is possible to obtain a pattern similar to Figure 8, Figure 9 or Figure 11.

Step 3: Obtain the deviation angle through image processing. Figure 8 is actually the coincidence of the inner and outer posterior condyles of the knee joint, that is, the situation of L2=0; Figure 9 is actually the coincidence of the inner and outer distal condyles of the knee joint, that is, the situation of L1=0; and Figure 11 is the situation of L1≠0 and The case where L2≠0. According to the actual measured L1 and L2, combined with the input A1 and A2 in the first step, a and b can be calculated. As shown in FIG. 10, a=arcsin(L1/A1); b=arcsin(L2/A2).

Step 4: According to the deviation angle calculated in the third step, the angle of the detection bed board 200 is reversely rotated for correction, as shown in FIG. 6 .

Step 5: Take a standard lateral image of the patient's knee joint. After angle correction, the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint coincide and the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint coincide, that is, L1=0 and L2=0, and a standard image is obtained.

Example 5:

Compared with the detection method described in the embodiment 4, the difference between the detection method described in this embodiment lies in that the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint are not obtained before detection by using the detection bed. It needs to be measured directly with this test bed and corrected. Specifically, as shown in Figure 12, the method for obtaining the characteristic data of the patient's knee joint includes the following steps:

Step 1: Take the lateral image of the patient's knee joint for the first time, and obtain image A. Measure L1' from Image A. At this time, A1 and a are both unknown numbers, and L1' is a known number.

Step 2: Control the detection bed board 200 to rotate a' (correspondingly, the patient's knee joint also rotates a'), take a second image of the patient's knee joint side view, and obtain image B. Measure L1" from image B. At this time, A1 and a are unknown, and L1" is known.

Step 3: Obtain a from the images L1’, L1” and a’. See the following calculation formula:

Step 4: After obtaining a, reversely rotate the angle of the detection bed 200 to correct it, as shown in FIG. 2 . Of course, the second shooting can also be used as a pre-shooting, and the standard position can be achieved by directly rotating a+a’ in reverse.

Step 5: Take a standard lateral image of the patient's knee joint. After angle correction, the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint coincide and the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint coincide, that is, L1=0 and L2=0, and a standard image is obtained.

This embodiment shows only the way to obtain the angle a, and actually the way to obtain the angle b is substantially the same as that of a. If there are two angle deviations of a and b at the same time, it can be obtained by the above method at the same time, but it should be noted that when the detection bed 200 is actively rotated in the second step, a' rotated around the y-axis and b' rotated around the x-axis None are zero.

Although the standard photo shooting has been completed in the fifth step, in order to make it easier for the patient to get up, after the standard lateral image of the patient's knee joint is captured, the detection bed board 200 is controlled to rotate to a horizontal position.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, anyone can draw other various forms of products under the enlightenment of the present invention, but no matter make any changes in its shape or structure, any change that falls within the scope of the claims of the present invention The technical solutions within the scope all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a knee joint side position X ray automated inspection bed, includes X ray emitter (100) and detects bed board (200), detect the embedded X ray image receiving arrangement of bed board (200), its characterized in that: the detection bed board (200) is arranged on the angle control base (300); the angle control base (300), the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device (100) are respectively and electrically connected with the processor;

the angle control base (300) comprises a first base (301), a second base (302) and a third base (303), the left side edge of the first base (301) is hinged with the left side edge of the second base (302), and the first base (301) is connected with the second base (302) through a telescopic rod (304); the third base (303) is positioned between the second base (302) and the detection bed board (200); the front side edge of the third base (303) is hinged with the front side edge of the second base (302), and the third base (303) is connected with the second base (302) through a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board (200) is arranged on the third base (303).

2. The automatic detection bed for lateral X-ray of knee joint of claim 1, wherein: two ends of the telescopic rod (304) are hinged with the first base (301) and the second base (302) respectively; the second telescopic rod is connected and hinged with the third base (303) and the second base (302) respectively.

3. The automatic detection bed for lateral X-ray of knee joint according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the edge of the detection bed board (200) is provided with a raised bed edge (201).

4. The automatic X-ray detection bed for lateral knee joint position according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper surface of the detection bed board (200) is provided with an anti-skid pad (202).

5. The detection method using the detection bed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

inputting or acquiring knee joint characteristic data of a patient: distance A1 of the most protruding edge of the medial and lateral distal condyle of the knee joint and distance A2 of the most protruding edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyle of the knee joint;

pre-shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient;

obtaining the dislocation L1 of the medial and lateral far condyles of the knee joint and the dislocation L2 of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint through image processing, and obtaining a deviation angle through trigonometric function calculation;

adjusting and detecting the angle of the bed board (200) according to the deviation angle to correct the deviation angle;

and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient.

6. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method for acquiring the characteristic data of the knee joint of the patient comprises the following steps:

shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient for the first time to obtain an image A;

controlling the detection bed plate (200) to rotate a', shooting the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient for the second time, and obtaining an image B;

knee joint feature data are obtained by image a, image B and a' analysis.

7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the second shot serves as a pre-shot.

8. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: after the standard lateral position image of the knee joint of the patient is obtained through shooting, the detection bed plate (200) is controlled to rotate to the horizontal position.

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