CN113384289B - Knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed and a detection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medical image service, wherein the automatic detection bed comprises an X-ray emitting device and a detection bed board, and an X-ray imaging receiving device is embedded in the detection bed board, and the knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed is characterized in that: the detection bed board is arranged on the angle control base; the angle control base, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device are electrically connected with the processor respectively. The detection method comprises the following steps: inputting or acquiring knee joint characteristic data of a patient; pre-shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient; obtaining a deviation angle through image processing; adjusting and detecting the angle of the bed board according to the deviation angle to correct the angle; and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient. The automatic X-ray detection method for the lateral position of the knee joint disclosed by the invention can automatically and quickly calculate the shooting deviation angle of the knee joint of a patient and correct the shooting angle, thereby efficiently shooting a standard X-ray of the lateral position of the knee joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical image service, and particularly relates to a knee joint lateral X-ray automatic detection bed and a detection method thereof.
Background
Once a problem occurs, in addition to a manual examination by a doctor, an imaging examination is an essential method for determining a damaged part, judging a damaged degree, making a treatment plan, and predicting and evaluating a treatment effect.
The most common imaging examination of the knee joint is X-ray examination. However, X-ray knee joint examination has very high requirements for the angle of the knee joint image. In particular, standard lateral X-ray plate requirements: 1. the posterior edge of the medial condyle of the femur is overlapped with the posterior edge of the lateral condyle, and the projection tube ball is perpendicular to the overlapped edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyles; 2. the tibiofemoral joint space and the patellofemoral joint space can be clearly shown.
In actual operation, the tubal bulb projects from the inner side of the knee joint to the outer side, the projection angle of the coronal position is adjusted under X-ray perspective, so that the contour lines of the inner and outer posterior condyles are approximately consistent, and the most convex points of the inner and outer posterior condyles are in the same level; the patient then rotates his thigh (femur) either internally or externally as the case may be, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles are completely overlapped. In the positioning process, medical staff need to guide the patient to continuously adjust the posture through voice, and the patient needs to be irradiated by X-rays all the time. Many patients who are not privy to the medical staff may have an unnormal picture taken or a lot of time may be wasted in adjusting the posture.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an automatic knee joint lateral position X-ray detection bed and a detection method thereof, which automatically identify the deviation angle of the patient knee joint lateral position, then automatically control the angle of the detection bed plate, thereby automatically adjusting the knee shooting angle of the patient, avoiding the shooting difficulty caused by language communication disorder between medical staff and the patient and poor patient body self-control capability, and greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of knee joint X-ray detection.
The invention discloses an automatic X-ray detection bed for knee joint lateral positions, which comprises an X-ray emitting device and a detection bed board, wherein an X-ray imaging receiving device is embedded in the detection bed board, and the detection bed board is arranged on an angle control base; the angle control base, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device are electrically connected with the processor respectively.
Preferably, the angle control base comprises a first base and a second base, the left side edge of the first base is hinged with the left side edge of the second base, and the first base is connected with the second base through a telescopic rod; the detection bed board is arranged on the second base.
Preferably, the angle control base further comprises a third base, and the third base is located between the second base and the detection bed board; the front side edge of the third base is hinged with the front side edge of the second base, and the third base is connected with the second base through a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board is arranged on the third base.
Furthermore, two ends of the telescopic rod are hinged with the first base and the second base respectively; the second telescopic rod is connected with the third base and hinged to the second base.
Furthermore, the edge of the detection bed board is provided with a raised bed edge.
Preferably, the upper surface of the detection bed board is provided with an anti-skid pad.
The second purpose of the invention is to disclose the detection method using the detection bed, which comprises the following steps:
inputting or acquiring knee joint characteristic data of a patient;
pre-shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient;
obtaining a deviation angle through image processing;
adjusting and detecting the angle of the bed board according to the deviation angle to correct the angle;
and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the characteristic data of the knee joint of the patient comprises the following steps:
shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient for the first time to obtain an image A;
controlling the detection bed plate to rotate a', shooting the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient for the second time, and obtaining an image B;
knee joint feature data are obtained by image a, image B and a' analysis.
Preferably, the second shot is a pre-shot.
Furthermore, after the standard lateral position image of the knee joint of the patient is shot and obtained, the detection bed plate is controlled to rotate to the horizontal position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed disclosed by the invention can automatically adjust the angle, and a patient lying on the bed board can change the angle between the knee joint and the X-ray detection along with the adjustment of the angle of the detection bed board so as to automatically shoot a standard picture. By using the device, language communication obstacles between medical care personnel and patients and shooting difficulty caused by poor body automatic control capability of the patients can be avoided, and the efficiency and the accuracy of knee joint X-ray detection are greatly improved.
The automatic X-ray detection method for the lateral position of the knee joint disclosed by the invention can automatically and quickly calculate the shooting deviation angle of the knee joint of a patient and correct the shooting angle, thereby efficiently shooting a standard X-ray of the lateral position of the knee joint.
Further advantageous effects are developed in detail with reference to the detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the embodiment 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the embodiment 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional modeling of a human knee joint;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a medial-lateral distal condyle misalignment of a human knee joint;
FIG. 9 is a photograph of a medial-lateral posterior condylar misalignment of a human knee joint;
FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of the trigonometric relationship of deviation angles a and b;
FIG. 11 is a photograph of a medial-lateral distal condyle and a posterior condyle of a human knee joint misaligned;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of trigonometric function relationship in calculating the deviation angle a in example 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory to each other or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the knee joint lateral position X-ray automatic detection bed shown in this embodiment includes an X-ray emitting device 100 and a detection bed board 200, and an X-ray imaging receiving device is embedded in the detection bed board 200. When a human body lies on the detection bed plate 200, the knee is placed between the X-ray emitting device 100 and the X-ray imaging receiving device, and then shooting can be performed. The detection bed board 200 is installed on the angle control base 300, and the angle control base 300 can control the angle of the detection bed board 200. The angle control base 300, the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device 100 are respectively electrically connected with the processor. The processor can control the X-ray emitting device 100 to emit a light source for shooting, can perform image processing analysis through a signal transmitted back by the X-ray imaging receiving device, and can also control the angle control base 300 to adjust the angle according to an analysis result.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an automatic detection bed having a one-dimensional rotation function is shown, and an automatic detection bed capable of rotating around the y-axis is shown in the figure. The angle control base 300 includes a first base 301 and a second base 302, and a left side of the first base 301 is hinged to a left side of the second base 302 (a hinge axis is along the y-axis direction as shown). Of course, the right side of the first base 301 is hinged to the right side of the second base 302, so as to agree that the function can be achieved, and it is within the scope of protection of the present patent, and the illustration and the description are not repeated here. The first base 301 and the second base 302 are connected by a telescopic rod 304, and the length of the telescopic rod 304 is used for controlling the included angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302. The retractable rod 304 can be an existing rod with a retractable function, such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric screw. The detection bed board 200 is arranged on the second base 302, and the first base 301 is arranged on the ground.
As shown in fig. 2, the initial state of the detection bed plate 200 is located on the horizontal plane, the human body lies on the detection bed plate 200 along the x-axis direction, the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is pre-shot, and the medial-lateral distal condyle dislocation L1 of the knee joint is calculated through image analysis, as shown in fig. 8. The distance of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral distal condyles of the patient's knee is A1, as shown in FIG. 7. A1 may be obtained as previously entered knee joint characteristic data for the patient, or may be obtained in other ways (as will be described in more detail below). The deviation angle a can be calculated by trigonometric function, as shown in fig. 10, where a = arcsin (L1/A1). After the deviation angle a is obtained, the telescopic rod 304 is controlled to adjust the included angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint of the patient can be coincided, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting. In order to make a be a positive angle or a negative angle, the longitudinal sections of the first base 301 and the second base 302 are specially designed to be triangular, and as shown in fig. 1, the telescopic rod 304 can be extended or shortened.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: the automated inspection bed is capable of rotating about the x-axis. The angle control base 300 includes a first base 301 and a second base 302, and a front side of the first base 301 is hinged to a front side of the second base 302 (a hinge axis is along the x-axis direction as shown). Of course, the function of hinging the rear side of the first base 301 with the rear side of the second base 302 is also possible, all of which are within the scope of this patent, and are not illustrated and described again here.
As shown in fig. 4, the initial state of the detection bed plate 200 is located on the horizontal plane, the human body lies on the detection bed plate 200 along the x-axis, the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is pre-shot, and the medial-lateral posterior condylar dislocation L2 of the knee joint is calculated through image analysis, as shown in fig. 9. The distance of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the patient's knee is A2, as shown in FIG. 7. A2 may be obtained as previously entered knee characteristic data for the patient, or may be obtained in other ways (as will be described in more detail below). The deviation angle b can be calculated by trigonometric function, as shown in fig. 10, b = arcsin (L2/A2). After the deviation angle b is obtained, the telescopic rod 304 is controlled to adjust the included angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint of the patient can be coincided, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting. In order to make b be a positive angle or a negative angle, the longitudinal sections of the first base 301 and the second base 302 are specially designed to be triangular, and as shown in fig. 3, the telescopic rod 304 can be extended or shortened.
Example 3:
the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 are automatic detection beds with only one-dimensional rotation function, the use range is narrow, one dimension can be adjusted through the automatic detection bed, and the other dimension can be adjusted under the control of a patient. Although the technical effects of the embodiments 1 and 2 are not perfect, the two embodiments apply the inventive concept of the present invention and can solve certain technical problems, so that the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as an extension scheme. In order to make the degree of intelligence of the automatic detection bed higher, embodiment 3 is actually a combination of the technical solutions of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, so that the detection bed board 200 can rotate around the x axis and also rotate around the y axis, as shown in fig. 6, that is, adjustment of any angle of the detection bed board 200 can be realized.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, on the basis of embodiment 1, the angle control base 300 further includes a third base 303, and the third base 303 is located between the second base 302 and the detection bed board 200; the front side of the third base 303 is hinged with the front side of the second base 302 (the hinge axis is along the x-axis direction in the figure), and the third base 303 is connected with the second base 302 through a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board 200 is installed on the third base 303. Two ends of the telescopic rod 304 are hinged with the first base 301 and the second base 302 respectively; the second telescopic rod is connected and hinged with the third base 303 and the second base 302 respectively.
As shown in fig. 6, although the automatic detection bed of this embodiment can realize the adjustment of any angle of the plane, in practical operation, any plane is still decomposed into two angles with respect to the x-axis and the y-axis of the horizontal plane. The correction is made by rotation in two dimensions. Specifically, the initial state of the detection bed plate 200 is located on the horizontal plane, the human body lies on the detection bed plate 200 along the x-axis direction, the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is pre-shot, and the medial-lateral distal condyle dislocation L1 of the knee joint and the medial-lateral posterior condyle dislocation L2 of the knee joint are calculated through image analysis, as shown in fig. 11. The deviation angles a and b can be calculated through trigonometric function relation, as shown in fig. 10, a = arcsin (L1/A1); b = arcsin (L2/A2). After the deviation angle a is obtained, the telescopic rod 304 is controlled to adjust the included angle between the first base 301 and the second base 302 for correction, and then the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint of the patient can be coincided; after the deviation angle b is obtained, the second telescopic rod is controlled to adjust the included angle between the third base 303 and the second base 302 for correction, so that the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint of the patient can be coincided, and a standard photo can be obtained after shooting.
Since the detection mat 200 may be inclined during photographing, in order to reduce the risk of slipping of a patient lying thereon, a raised rim 201 is provided at the edge of the detection mat 200, as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5. In order to further prevent the patient from sliding on the upper surface of the detection bed board 200 and further change the irradiation position, a non-slip pad 202 is arranged on the upper surface of the detection bed board 200 to increase the friction force between the patient and the bed board.
Example 4:
the present embodiment will explain in detail the detection method using the detection bed, which mainly includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: inputting knee joint characteristic data of the patient. The two most significant items of data are the distance A1 of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral distal condyles of the patient's knee and the distance A2 of the most prominent edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the patient's knee, as shown in FIG. 7. Before the lateral X-ray detection of the knee joint, if other detection is performed, such as CT, three-dimensional modeling can be performed, then A1 and A2 can be measured from the three-dimensional model, as shown in FIG. 7. If there are no two items of data at the time of detection, the operation can be performed in the manner of example 5.
The second step: the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is shot in advance. A pattern like that of fig. 8, 9 or 11 may be obtained if the patient posture is not standard.
The third step: the deviation angle is obtained by image processing. Fig. 8 is actually the case where the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint coincide, i.e., L2= 0; fig. 9 is actually the case where the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint coincide, i.e., L1= 0; fig. 11 shows the case where L1 ≠ 0 and L2 ≠ 0. From the actually measured L1 and L2, a and b can be calculated by combining A1 and A2 inputted in the first step. As shown in fig. 10, a = arcsin (L1/A1); b = arcsin (L2/A2).
The fourth step: the angle of the bedplate 200 is detected by reversely rotating according to the deviation angle calculated in the third step, and is corrected, as shown in fig. 6.
The fifth step: and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient. After angle correction, the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint coincide and the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint coincide, i.e., L1=0 and L2=0, to obtain a standard image.
Example 5:
the difference between the detection method described in this example and example 4 is mainly that no data of the knee joint characteristics of the patient is obtained before the detection by using the detection bed. The detection bed is required to be directly used for measurement and correction. Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the method for acquiring the knee joint feature data of the patient includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is shot for the first time to obtain an image A. L1' is measured from image A. In this case, A1 and a are both unknown numbers, and L1' is a known number.
The second step: the detection bed plate 200 is controlled to rotate by a '(correspondingly, the knee joint of the patient is rotated by a'), and the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is shot for the second time to obtain an image B. Measure L1 "from image B. In this case, A1 and a are both unknown numbers, and L1' is a known number.
The third step: a is obtained by images L1', L1", and a'. See the following calculation:
the fourth step: after a is obtained, the angle of the detection bed plate 200 is rotated in the reverse direction to be corrected as shown in fig. 2. Of course, the second shot may be used as a pre-shot, and the standard level can be reached by directly rotating a + a' reversely.
The fifth step: and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient. After angle correction, the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint coincide and the medial and lateral distal condyles of the knee joint coincide, i.e., L1=0 and L2=0, to obtain a standard image.
In this embodiment, only the angle a is obtained, and actually the angle b is obtained in substantially the same manner as the angle a. If both angular deviations a and b are simultaneously obtained in the above manner, it is only necessary to note that in the second active rotation of the examination couch plate 200, both a 'about the y-axis and b' about the x-axis are not zero.
Although the fifth step has completed the shooting of the standard photograph, in order to facilitate the patient to get up, after the standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient is obtained, the detection bed board 200 is controlled to rotate to the horizontal position.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a knee joint side position X ray automated inspection bed, includes X ray emitter (100) and detects bed board (200), detect the embedded X ray image receiving arrangement of bed board (200), its characterized in that: the detection bed board (200) is arranged on the angle control base (300); the angle control base (300), the X-ray imaging receiving device and the X-ray transmitting device (100) are respectively and electrically connected with the processor;
the angle control base (300) comprises a first base (301), a second base (302) and a third base (303), the left side edge of the first base (301) is hinged with the left side edge of the second base (302), and the first base (301) is connected with the second base (302) through a telescopic rod (304); the third base (303) is positioned between the second base (302) and the detection bed board (200); the front side edge of the third base (303) is hinged with the front side edge of the second base (302), and the third base (303) is connected with the second base (302) through a second telescopic rod; the detection bed board (200) is arranged on the third base (303).
2. The automatic detection bed for lateral X-ray of knee joint of claim 1, wherein: two ends of the telescopic rod (304) are hinged with the first base (301) and the second base (302) respectively; the second telescopic rod is connected and hinged with the third base (303) and the second base (302) respectively.
3. The automatic detection bed for lateral X-ray of knee joint according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the edge of the detection bed board (200) is provided with a raised bed edge (201).
4. The automatic X-ray detection bed for lateral knee joint position according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper surface of the detection bed board (200) is provided with an anti-skid pad (202).
5. The detection method using the detection bed according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
inputting or acquiring knee joint characteristic data of a patient: distance A1 of the most protruding edge of the medial and lateral distal condyle of the knee joint and distance A2 of the most protruding edge of the medial and lateral posterior condyle of the knee joint;
pre-shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient;
obtaining the dislocation L1 of the medial and lateral far condyles of the knee joint and the dislocation L2 of the medial and lateral posterior condyles of the knee joint through image processing, and obtaining a deviation angle through trigonometric function calculation;
adjusting and detecting the angle of the bed board (200) according to the deviation angle to correct the deviation angle;
and shooting to obtain a standard lateral image of the knee joint of the patient.
6. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method for acquiring the characteristic data of the knee joint of the patient comprises the following steps:
shooting a lateral image of the knee joint of a patient for the first time to obtain an image A;
controlling the detection bed plate (200) to rotate a', shooting the lateral image of the knee joint of the patient for the second time, and obtaining an image B;
knee joint feature data are obtained by image a, image B and a' analysis.
7. The detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the second shot serves as a pre-shot.
8. The detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: after the standard lateral position image of the knee joint of the patient is obtained through shooting, the detection bed plate (200) is controlled to rotate to the horizontal position.
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