CN113383966A - Sweet potato processing and utilizing method - Google Patents

Sweet potato processing and utilizing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113383966A
CN113383966A CN202110695279.XA CN202110695279A CN113383966A CN 113383966 A CN113383966 A CN 113383966A CN 202110695279 A CN202110695279 A CN 202110695279A CN 113383966 A CN113383966 A CN 113383966A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sweet potato
starch
supernatant
processing
sweet
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Pending
Application number
CN202110695279.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韦强
黄漫青
满杰
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BEIJING AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION STATION
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BEIJING AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION STATION
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Priority to CN202110695279.XA priority Critical patent/CN113383966A/en
Publication of CN113383966A publication Critical patent/CN113383966A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/20Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
    • A23L33/21Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
    • A23L33/22Comminuted fibrous parts of plants, e.g. bagasse or pulp
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C403/00Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
    • C07C403/24Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B30/00Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
    • C08B30/04Extraction or purification
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13BPRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B25/00Evaporators or boiling pans specially adapted for sugar juices; Evaporating or boiling sugar juices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Abstract

The invention discloses a sweet potato processing and utilizing method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials; step two: processing raw materials, namely cleaning, pulping and washing sweet potato raw materials to obtain sweet potato residues and starch solution; step three: separating starch, standing the starch solution to obtain a starch precipitate and a supernatant, pouring out the supernatant to obtain wet starch, and airing to obtain dried starch; step four: separating carotene, heating the supernatant, taking out the froth, and air drying to obtain powder rich in carotene; step five: separating sugar, heating and decocting the solution of the supernatant without froth to obtain syrup; step six: and (3) separating dietary fibers, airing the sweet potato residues to obtain dry sweet potato residues, and crushing the dry sweet potato residues by using a crusher to obtain the dietary fibers. The sweet potato processing and utilizing method adopting the structure is simple to operate and low in cost, fully separates the nutrient components in the sweet potatoes, and improves the utilization rate.

Description

Sweet potato processing and utilizing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato comprehensive utilization, in particular to a sweet potato processing and utilizing method.
Background
China is the biggest sweet potato producing country in the world, and the yield accounts for about 80 percent of the total world production. With the improvement of living standard of people, the dietary structure tends to be diversified, and the diversification of sweet potato edible products is urgently required. The current stage of sweet potato processing mainly has the following problems: firstly, the processed product is single, the traditional food processing such as starch, dried potato, vermicelli and the like is mainly used, and the added value of the product is low; secondly, the nutritional ingredients contained in the waste skin slag and washing liquor in the processing process are greatly lost, and the comprehensive utilization rate is low; and thirdly, a large amount of waste residues and waste water generated in the processing process are discharged to the surrounding environment, so that the environment is seriously polluted. Therefore, the method for processing the sweet potatoes needs to be innovated to improve the added value and the comprehensive utilization rate of the products, reduce the waste discharge and promote the healthy development of the sweet potato processing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sweet potato processing and utilizing method which is simple to operate and low in cost, fully separates nutrient components in sweet potatoes and improves the utilization rate.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a sweet potato processing and utilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials, namely selecting sweet potato raw materials with soluble sugar concentration of more than 4% or soluble solid content of more than 12%;
step two: processing raw materials, namely cleaning, pulping and washing sweet potato raw materials to obtain sweet potato residues and starch solution;
step three: separating starch, standing the starch solution obtained in the step two for 15-20 hours to obtain a starch precipitate and a supernatant, pouring out the supernatant to obtain wet starch, and drying the wet starch to obtain dried starch;
step four: separating carotene substances, heating the supernatant in the third step, gradually floating water-insoluble substances in the supernatant on the liquid surface to form floating foam in the temperature rise process of the supernatant, taking out the floating foam, and airing to obtain powder rich in the carotene substances;
step five: separating sugar, pouring the solution of the supernatant liquid from which the froth is removed into a reduced pressure concentration pot for heating and decocting, continuously heating under the vacuum condition of the air pressure of about 5000Pa, and continuously stirring in the heating process to finally obtain dark brown viscous syrup;
step six: and D, dietary fiber separation, namely airing the sweet potato residues obtained in the step II to obtain dried sweet potato residues, crushing the dried sweet potato residues by using a crusher, and sieving the crushed sweet potato residues by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the dietary fiber.
Preferably, the sweet potato raw material in the step one is selected from sweet potato varieties with high sweetness and orange flesh color.
Preferably, the cleaning in the second step is to wash clean impurities such as silt, dust and the like on the surface of the sweet potato with water and cut off inedible parts such as rot, plant diseases and insect pests, damage and the like.
Preferably, the pulping in the second step is to pulp the cleaned sweet potato raw material by a friction type pulping machine to obtain sweet potato pulp.
Preferably, the powder washing in the second step is to wrap the sweet potato pulp by a 150-mesh screen or 4 layers of gauze, and put the sweet potato pulp into clear water for kneading, wherein the ratio of the sweet potato pulp to the clear water is 1: and 1.5-2, allowing starch in the sweet potato pulp to enter an aqueous solution through a sieve mesh or a gauze to obtain a starch solution, and remaining the starch solution on the sieve mesh or in the gauze to obtain sweet potato residues.
Preferably, the airing in the third step, the fourth step and the sixth step is drying in the sun or drying in an oven by hot air at 60-70 ℃.
The invention overcomes the defects of the traditional sweet potato processing method, firstly, the whole process adopts a physical separation method, no chemical additive is used, and the product does not contain chemical additives; secondly, the sweet potato raw material is utilized to the maximum extent in the processing process, so that the product types are enriched, and the processing yield is improved; and thirdly, no waste such as residue, waste water and waste gas is generated in the sweet potato processing process, and the environment is not polluted.
Therefore, the sweet potato processing and utilizing method adopting the structure is simple to operate and low in cost, fully separates the nutrient components in the sweet potatoes, and improves the utilization rate.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below.
A sweet potato processing and utilizing method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials, namely selecting sweet potato raw materials with soluble sugar concentration of more than 4% or soluble solid content of more than 12%. The sweet potato is selected from sweet potato varieties with high sweetness and orange flesh color, the carotenoid content in the sweet potato varieties is high, and the yield of the carotene substances obtained by processing is high.
Step two: processing the raw materials, namely cleaning, pulping and washing the sweet potato raw materials to obtain sweet potato residues and starch solution. The cleaning is to wash dirty objects such as silt, dust and the like on the surface of the sweet potato with water and cut off inedible parts such as rot, plant diseases and insect pests, damage and the like. Pulping refers to pulping the cleaned sweet potato raw material by a friction type pulping machine to obtain sweet potato pulp. The powder washing is to wrap the sweet potato pulp by adopting a 150-mesh screen or 4 layers of gauze, and put the sweet potato pulp into clear water for kneading, wherein the ratio of the sweet potato pulp to the clear water is 1: and 1.5-2, allowing starch in the sweet potato pulp to enter an aqueous solution through a sieve mesh or a gauze to obtain a starch solution, and remaining the starch solution on the sieve mesh or in the gauze to obtain sweet potato residues.
Step three: and (3) separating starch, standing the starch solution obtained in the step two for 15-20 hours to obtain a starch precipitate and a supernatant, pouring out the supernatant to obtain wet starch, airing the wet starch to obtain dried starch, and airing the dried starch in the sun or in an oven by adopting hot air at the temperature of 60-70 ℃.
Step four: separating carotene substances, heating the supernatant in the third step, wherein in the temperature rise process of the supernatant, water-insoluble substances in the supernatant gradually float on the liquid surface to form floating foam, taking out the floating foam, airing to obtain powder rich in the carotene substances, and airing in the sun or drying in an oven by adopting hot air at the temperature of 60-70 ℃;
step five: separating sugar, pouring the solution of the supernatant liquid from which the froth is removed into a reduced pressure concentration pot for heating and decocting, continuously heating under the vacuum condition of the air pressure of about 5000Pa, and continuously stirring in the heating process to finally obtain dark brown viscous syrup;
step six: and D, dietary fiber separation, namely airing the sweet potato residues obtained in the step II to obtain dried sweet potato residues, and airing the dried sweet potato residues in the sun or drying the sweet potato residues in an oven by adopting hot air at the temperature of 60-70 ℃. Then crushing the dried sweet potato residue by a crusher, and sieving by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the dietary fiber.
The invention overcomes the defects of the traditional sweet potato processing method, firstly, the whole process adopts a physical separation method, no chemical additive is used, and the product does not contain chemical additives; secondly, the sweet potato raw material is utilized to the maximum extent in the processing process, and the starch, the carotene substances, the syrup and the dietary fiber are processed and produced, so that the product types are enriched, and the processing yield is improved; and thirdly, no waste such as residue, waste water and waste gas is generated in the sweet potato processing process, and the environment is not polluted.
Therefore, the sweet potato processing and utilizing method adopting the structure is simple to operate and low in cost, fully separates the nutrient components in the sweet potatoes, and improves the utilization rate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A sweet potato processing and utilizing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting raw materials, namely selecting sweet potato raw materials with soluble sugar concentration of more than 4% or soluble solid content of more than 12%;
step two: processing raw materials, namely cleaning, pulping and washing sweet potato raw materials to obtain sweet potato residues and starch solution;
step three: separating starch, standing the starch solution obtained in the step two for 15-20 hours to obtain a starch precipitate and a supernatant, pouring out the supernatant to obtain wet starch, and drying the wet starch to obtain dried starch;
step four: separating carotene substances, heating the supernatant in the third step, gradually floating water-insoluble substances in the supernatant on the liquid surface to form floating foam in the temperature rise process of the supernatant, taking out the floating foam, and airing to obtain powder rich in the carotene substances;
step five: separating sugar, pouring the solution of the supernatant liquid from which the froth is removed into a reduced pressure concentration pot for heating and decocting, continuously heating under the vacuum condition of the air pressure of about 5000Pa, and continuously stirring in the heating process to finally obtain dark brown viscous syrup;
step six: and D, dietary fiber separation, namely airing the sweet potato residues obtained in the step II to obtain dried sweet potato residues, crushing the dried sweet potato residues by using a crusher, and sieving the crushed sweet potato residues by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the dietary fiber.
2. The method for processing and utilizing sweet potatoes according to claim 1, wherein: the sweet potato raw material in the step one is selected from sweet potato varieties with high sweetness and orange flesh color.
3. The method for processing and utilizing sweet potatoes according to claim 2, wherein: and the cleaning in the second step is to wash dirty objects such as silt, dust and the like on the surface of the sweet potato clean by water and cut off inedible parts such as rot, plant diseases and insect pests, damage and the like.
4. The method for processing and utilizing sweet potatoes according to claim 3, wherein: and pulping in the second step refers to pulping the cleaned sweet potato raw material by adopting a friction type pulping machine to obtain sweet potato pulp.
5. The method for processing and utilizing sweet potatoes according to claim 4, wherein: and the powder washing in the second step is to wrap the sweet potato pulp by adopting a 150-mesh screen or 4 layers of gauze, and place the sweet potato pulp into clear water for kneading, wherein the ratio of the sweet potato pulp to the clear water is 1: and 1.5-2, allowing starch in the sweet potato pulp to enter an aqueous solution through a sieve mesh or a gauze to obtain a starch solution, and remaining the starch solution on the sieve mesh or in the gauze to obtain sweet potato residues.
6. The method for processing and utilizing sweet potatoes according to claim 5, wherein: and the third step, the fourth step and the sixth step are drying in the sun or drying in a drying oven by adopting hot air at the temperature of 60-70 ℃.
CN202110695279.XA 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Sweet potato processing and utilizing method Pending CN113383966A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110695279.XA CN113383966A (en) 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Sweet potato processing and utilizing method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110695279.XA CN113383966A (en) 2021-06-23 2021-06-23 Sweet potato processing and utilizing method

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN113383966A true CN113383966A (en) 2021-09-14

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101411419A (en) * 2008-11-21 2009-04-22 江苏省农业科学院 Technique for continuously extracting sweet potate starch, sweet potato protein and dietary fiber from sweet potato
CN101575381A (en) * 2009-06-10 2009-11-11 孙艳丽 No-waste production method for peeled sweet potato starch
US20120258200A1 (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-10-11 Sdic Zhonglu Fruit Juice Co., Ltd. Method for producing clear, concentrated sweet potato juice
CN103637220A (en) * 2013-11-27 2014-03-19 威海市桢昊生物技术有限公司 Extraction method for sweet potato dietary fiber
CN105054079A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 西南大学 Processing and utilizing method of sweet potatoes
CN105886577A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-08-24 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 Production method for preparing high maltose syrup and dietary fibers by processing waste residues by means of sweet potato starch
CN106551309A (en) * 2015-09-16 2017-04-05 叶小利 Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae processing and utilization method
CN108323726A (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-27 首都医科大学 A kind of sweet potato deep-processed food and preparation method thereof
CN109549038A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-02 中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究院 The technique for comprehensively utilizing sweet potato multistage coproduction starch and juice being concentrated

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101411419A (en) * 2008-11-21 2009-04-22 江苏省农业科学院 Technique for continuously extracting sweet potate starch, sweet potato protein and dietary fiber from sweet potato
CN101575381A (en) * 2009-06-10 2009-11-11 孙艳丽 No-waste production method for peeled sweet potato starch
US20120258200A1 (en) * 2010-10-19 2012-10-11 Sdic Zhonglu Fruit Juice Co., Ltd. Method for producing clear, concentrated sweet potato juice
CN103637220A (en) * 2013-11-27 2014-03-19 威海市桢昊生物技术有限公司 Extraction method for sweet potato dietary fiber
CN105054079A (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 西南大学 Processing and utilizing method of sweet potatoes
CN106551309A (en) * 2015-09-16 2017-04-05 叶小利 Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae processing and utilization method
CN105886577A (en) * 2016-06-06 2016-08-24 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 Production method for preparing high maltose syrup and dietary fibers by processing waste residues by means of sweet potato starch
CN108323726A (en) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-27 首都医科大学 A kind of sweet potato deep-processed food and preparation method thereof
CN109549038A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-04-02 中华全国供销合作总社济南果品研究院 The technique for comprehensively utilizing sweet potato multistage coproduction starch and juice being concentrated

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Application publication date: 20210914