CN113380431A - Hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit - Google Patents
Hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113380431A CN113380431A CN202110620689.8A CN202110620689A CN113380431A CN 113380431 A CN113380431 A CN 113380431A CN 202110620689 A CN202110620689 A CN 202110620689A CN 113380431 A CN113380431 A CN 113380431A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalytic
- particles
- hydrogen
- inert
- inert particles
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010024769 Local reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Sn] Chemical compound [Zr].[Sn] XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/04—Means for suppressing fires ; Earthquake protection
- G21C9/06—Means for preventing accumulation of explosives gases, e.g. recombiners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a catalytic unit of a hydrogen recombiner, in particular to a mode of loading a scientific mixing arrangement of catalytic particles and inert particles in the catalytic unit, which comprises catalytic particles for hydrogen catalytic reaction and inert particles used as structural materials and reaction rate adjusting tools, wherein the catalytic particles and the inert particles are mixed and filled in the flow direction to achieve the purpose of adjusting the reaction rate in the flow direction. The catalytic particles are spherical, the number of units is adjusted along with the flow direction, the spherical catalytic particles have relatively large specific surface area, so that a large catalytic area is provided, the inert particles and the catalytic particles are mixed and arranged in the loading box, and the inert particles are used as structural materials and are adjusted in reaction rate and matched with the catalytic particles to enable gas to flow more stably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a catalytic unit of a hydrogen recombiner, in particular to a scientific mixing arrangement mode for loading catalytic particles and inert particles in the catalytic unit.
Background
The first nuclear power station in fukushima, japan, developed an accident caused by an explosion and nuclear leakage due to an earthquake, and this accident was also rated as a class 6 nuclear accident. In which the occurrence of an accident causes the core to be melted down to cause leakage of radioactive materials, and nuclear fuel to be leaked due to the temperature exceeding the melting point of zircaloy of the fuel rod.
When the temperature rises to cause the high-temperature water vapor formed after the water is boiled to contact with the zirconium-tin alloy, hydrogen can be decomposed:
Zr+2H2O→ZrO2+2H2↑
if hydrogen cannot be discharged and accumulated, and after the hydrogen is mixed with air, hydrogen explosion can occur to damage a pressure container and a surrounding resistance body, and in severe cases, long-term pollution to adjacent land is likely to far exceed the explosion of nuclear weapons.
In order to prevent the occurrence of a serious accident of explosion due to hydrogen leakage, it is necessary to effectively treat the hydrogen in time after it is generated. The existing nuclear power station has two hydrogen elimination modes, one mode is that an ignition device (ignition) is used for directly burning and consuming hydrogen, and the second mode is a passive hydrogen recombiner (PAR) which uses hydrogen-oxygen recombination reaction to reduce the hydrogen concentration below a safety value. The passive hydrogen recombiner has the following principle:
H2+0.5O2→H2O↑+240KJ/mol
the heat released by the reaction and the chimney effect formed by the device are used as the power of the airflow circulation to lead the H to be contained2The air forms convection circulation between the containment and the hydrogen recombiner, and the passive requirement of the hydrogen recombiner is realized.
After the accident of the first nuclear power station in the fukushima, the accident becomes the third major nuclear power accident following the three-riend island accident in the united states and the chernobilel accident, the second-generation nuclear power system is also to be upgraded urgently, in the third-generation nuclear power safety system, most countries adopt a passive hydrogen recombiner (PAR), and the automatic starting is completed after the accident occurs without human intervention and external energy equipment but sensing certain parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow, so that the risk of human error can be effectively reduced, and the safety is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a new catalytic unit in which the catalytic particles are mixed with the inert particles, and to provide a loading scheme design for the catalyst unit of the hydrogen recombiner.
A hydrogen recombiner catalyst unit loading scheme design comprising:
catalytic particles arranged at each level;
inert particles disposed in admixture with the catalytic particles.
The loading scheme of the catalyst unit is designed in such a way that the mixing mode of the catalytic particles and the inert particles is adjusted according to the flow of hydrogen, wherein the mixing mode comprises the corresponding number and the corresponding arrangement mode.
Drawings
The design of a hydrogen recombiner catalyst unit loading scheme and its advantages are summarized with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a non-limiting hydrogen recombiner catalyst unit loading scheme design of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is another disclosed non-limiting hydrogen recombiner catalyst unit loading scheme design;
FIG. 3 is another non-limiting disclosed hydrogen recombiner catalyst unit loading scheme design;
wherein, the names corresponding to the reference symbols are:
1-catalytic unit, 2-catalytic particles, 3-inert particles.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the objects, embodiments and unique advantages of the present invention, and for a better understanding of the methods of use, reference is made to the following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. It should be noted that several optimizations are possible for a person skilled in the art within the scope of the inventive concept. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As exemplified below in connection with fig. 1-3, the present invention includes catalytic particles and inert particles, and although a quaternary arrangement is shown, it will be appreciated that the actual number of stages required will be determined based on the concentration of hydrogen gas, while maintaining hydrogen elimination efficiency, while satisfying economic benefits.
As shown in fig. 1, the catalytic particles are spherical, and the number of units is adjusted according to the flow direction, it is understood that the spherical catalytic particles have a relatively large specific surface area, thereby providing a large catalytic area, but not limited to the spherical shape, and generally speaking, the same effect can be achieved in any form that can adapt the catalytic area to the hydrogen concentration.
The inert particles are arranged in the loading cassette in admixture with the catalytic particles. The inert particles are used as structural materials and the reaction rate is adjusted, and the inert particles are matched with the catalytic particles to enable the gas flow to be more stable. Meanwhile, the inert particles are not limited to spherical forms, and can play a corresponding function to benefit.
The flow of hydrogen in the catalytic unit has certain characteristics, usually with a centering effect, i.e. the central part has a higher hydrogen concentration, so the central part can be provided with more catalytic particles. Meanwhile, the hydrogen concentration at the inlet is high, so that local reaction at the inlet is possibly too violent, the temperature of catalytic particles is rapidly increased, and danger is caused. On the other hand, to compensate for the sacrifice in catalytic capacity in the lower portion, more catalytic particles are provided in the upper portion of the recombiner. It is also noted that the distribution of hydrogen is influenced by a number of factors, and therefore the arrangement in the catalytic unit is not limited to one situation.
In one disclosed non-limiting embodiment, the catalytic particles are symmetrically distributed with the inert particles in the middle and the inert particles are symmetrically distributed on both sides, and in another disclosed non-limiting embodiment (fig. 2), the catalytic particles are arranged incrementally along one side of the cassette and the inert particles are arranged incrementally along the other side of the cassette. It should be appreciated that the various arrangements are mixed in certain proportions along the flow direction to control the rate of reaction by increasing the reaction area. The actual operation should be designed to the optimum arrangement with respect to the hydrogen concentration. In yet another non-limiting embodiment (fig. 3), each level of catalytic particles is arranged in a proportion to the inert particles in a manner that better optimizes the removal of hydrogen.
It should be understood that the above optimized design is to control the reaction area by properly designing the ratio of the catalytic particles to the inert particles, so as to obtain the best dehydrogenation efficiency.
The above description and examples are given by way of illustration only of the technical idea of the present design, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications may be made without departing from the true scope of the design. Various combinations will benefit from this. Therefore, all technical ideas of the same scope as the present design should be construed to be included in the right scope of the present design.
Claims (6)
1. A catalytic unit of a hydrogen recombiner is characterized in that the catalytic unit is formed by mixing two different catalytic particles, including catalytic particles (1) and inert particles (2).
2. A hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the catalytic particles (1) are arranged to catalyse the recombination reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
3. A hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the inert particles (2) do not participate in catalysing the recombination reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
4. A catalytic unit for a hydrogen recombiner as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the catalytic particles (1) are loaded in a mixture with the inert particles (2) in a certain proportion in the direction of flow.
5. A hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit as claimed in claim 4 forming a varying hydrogen catalytic reaction area in the direction of flow.
6. A hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit as claimed in claim 5, forming a varying inert to catalytic particle ratio in the direction of flow for optimising the reaction rate in the direction of flow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110620689.8A CN113380431A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110620689.8A CN113380431A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113380431A true CN113380431A (en) | 2021-09-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110620689.8A Pending CN113380431A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Hydrogen recombiner catalytic unit |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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2021
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