CN113113159A - Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner - Google Patents
Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113113159A CN113113159A CN202110382862.5A CN202110382862A CN113113159A CN 113113159 A CN113113159 A CN 113113159A CN 202110382862 A CN202110382862 A CN 202110382862A CN 113113159 A CN113113159 A CN 113113159A
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- Prior art keywords
- catalytic
- different
- units
- hydrogen
- component
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Sn] Chemical compound [Zr].[Sn] XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/04—Means for suppressing fires ; Earthquake protection
- G21C9/06—Means for preventing accumulation of explosives gases, e.g. recombiners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention provides an optimizing device of a hydrogen recombiner with a component structure, which comprises a series of catalytic component units with different heights and different catalytic capacities, and a catalytic device body which is arranged in a subarea mode, wherein the catalytic component units are catalyst carriers for dehydrogenation reaction, the external geometric structural forms of the component units are the same, but the internal catalyst activities and the catalyst forms are different, so that the reaction activities of the units as a whole are different, the catalytic device body is divided into a plurality of areas, and each area selects the units with different reaction activities and different heights according to requirements, so that the reaction rate and the catalytic performance of the whole device are optimized. The component units are regularly arranged according to a certain mode to divide the whole catalytic device into a plurality of areas, and the units with different reaction activities are selected according to the catalytic requirements of different areas, so that the reaction rate of the whole device is optimized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen catalytic recombiners, discloses an optimizing device of a hydrogen recombiner with a component structure, and relates to an optimizing device capable of efficiently removing hydrogen when a nuclear reactor is in a loss of coolant accident.
Background
The first nuclear power station in fukushima, japan, developed an accident caused by an explosion and nuclear leakage due to an earthquake, and this accident was also rated as a class 6 nuclear accident. In which the occurrence of an accident causes the core to be melted down to cause leakage of radioactive materials, and nuclear fuel to be leaked due to the temperature exceeding the melting point of zircaloy of the fuel rod.
When the temperature rises to cause the high-temperature water vapor formed after the water is boiled to contact with the zirconium-tin alloy, hydrogen can be decomposed:
Zr+2H2O→ZrO2+2H2↑
if hydrogen cannot be discharged and accumulated, and after the hydrogen is mixed with air, hydrogen explosion can occur to damage a pressure container and a surrounding resistance body, and in severe cases, long-term pollution to adjacent land is likely to far exceed the explosion of nuclear weapons.
In order to prevent the occurrence of a serious accident of explosion due to hydrogen leakage, it is necessary to effectively treat the hydrogen in time after it is generated. The existing nuclear power station has two hydrogen elimination modes, one mode is that an ignition device (ignition) is used for directly burning and consuming hydrogen, and the second mode is a passive hydrogen recombiner (PAR) which uses hydrogen-oxygen recombination reaction to reduce the hydrogen concentration below a safety value. The passive hydrogen recombiner has the following principle:
H2+0.5O2→H2O↑+240KJ/mol
the heat released by the reaction and the chimney effect formed by the device are used as the power of the airflow circulation to lead the H to be contained2
The air forms convection circulation between the containment and the hydrogen recombiner, and the passive requirement of the hydrogen recombiner is realized.
After the accident of the first nuclear power station in the fukushima, the accident becomes the third major nuclear power accident following the three-riend island accident in the united states and the chernobilel accident, the second-generation nuclear power system is also to be upgraded urgently, in the third-generation nuclear power safety system, most countries adopt a passive hydrogen recombiner (PAR), and the automatic starting is completed after the accident occurs without human intervention and external energy equipment but sensing certain parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow, so that the risk of human error can be effectively reduced, and the safety is improved.
Design inspiration is obtained from the reactor core arrangement form of the reactor, and the problem of dehydrogenation is solved through a component type arrangement mode. Similar to the idea, the analysis of fluid flow characteristics sets up component modes of different characteristics to achieve better hydrogen elimination efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an optimization device of a hydrogen recombiner with an assembly structure.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
an optimizing device of a component structure hydrogen recombiner comprises a catalytic device body (2) which is arranged in a regional way by a series of catalytic component units (1) with different heights and different catalytic capacities.
The catalytic component unit is a catalyst carrier for dehydrogenation reaction.
The module units (1) have the same external geometrical structure form but different catalyst activity and catalyst form filled inside, so that the unit as a whole has different reaction activity.
The catalytic device body (2) is divided into a plurality of areas, and each area selects units with different reaction activities and different heights according to requirements, so that the reaction rate and the catalytic performance of the whole device are optimized.
Module unit, the module height and catalytic capacity are determined by the hydrogen concentration of the specific arrangement position.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the external geometric structure form of each component unit is similar, but the catalyst activity and the catalyst form filled in the component units are different, so that the reaction activity of the unit as a whole is different. Meanwhile, the component units with different heights are adopted to optimize the overall catalytic performance of the device body.
The component units are regularly arranged according to a certain mode to divide the whole catalytic device into a plurality of areas, and the units with different reaction activities are selected according to the catalytic requirements of different areas, so that the reaction rate of the whole device is optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram arrangement according to one disclosed non-limiting embodiment; 1-a modular arrangement.
FIG. 2 is a block-type arrangement according to another disclosed non-limiting embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block-type arrangement according to another disclosed non-limiting embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram arrangement according to another disclosed non-limiting embodiment.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention includes components having different heights and different catalytic capacities, the heights of the components are determined according to the hydrogen concentration, and in consideration of the quadratic curve type flow velocity distribution of the fluid flowing in the pipe, in order to arrange the catalyst reasonably, the component having the stronger catalytic capacity is placed at a high flow velocity position, and the component having the weaker catalytic capacity is placed at a low flow velocity position. Also, the different colors of the component units in fig. 1 to 4 are used to illustrate the differences in catalytic capabilities.
FIG. 1 illustrates a hydrogen recombiner, generally comprising an outer shell and an inner catalytic assembly, although a limited number of assemblies are shown, it will be appreciated that any other number may benefit herefrom. Generally, the hydrogen concentration at the middle part of the inlet of the recombiner is higher, the height of the assembly in the invention is determined by the hydrogen concentration distribution entering the hydrogen recombiner, and then the height of the catalytic unit is adjusted, so that the reaction rate is adjusted. It should be understood that in actual operation, the height of the component and the catalytic capacity of the sub-region should be determined according to the hydrogen concentration and flow rate distribution obtained by calculation and simulation.
The hydrogen oxidation and reaction proceeds at the surface of the component, generating heat. The greater the hydrogen concentration, the more heat is generated and the catalytic capacity of the catalytic unit can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the assembly so as to control the temperature below a safety threshold while eliminating as much hydrogen as possible.
Generally, the assembly is made with the middle part higher (fig. 3), and the catalytic element has at the same time a larger catalytic area. The reaction rate is adjusted by adjusting the heights of the catalytic assembly and the catalytic element. In another non-limiting embodiment disclosed (fig. 4), the gas flow pattern is changed by placing it upside down and leaving the remaining parts unchanged, which also achieves better results.
The series of modules, which are cylindrical (fig. 2), provide a flow path of lesser resistance, and in such an embodiment, the geometry may be altered, and the internal catalytic elements will be altered accordingly.
In addition, in the series of assemblies (figure 1), the height of the assembly on each section is changed, and the height of each section is adjusted according to the hydrogen concentration, so that each section is subdivided, the hydrogen elimination efficiency is improved, and the elimination of hydrogen is more targeted. Also, various adjustment modes will benefit from this.
It should be understood that the above optimized design changes the reaction rate by adjusting the height of the assembly and the catalytic element, thereby improving the reliability of the assembly and the efficiency of hydrogen elimination.
It is to be understood that the above methods of varying the catalytic capabilities of the assembly include, but are not limited to: directly changing the activity of the catalyst layer, changing the actual ratio of the catalyst layer area on the surface area of the assembly, changing the catalytic activity by temperature, and the like.
The invention provides an optimized distribution design of a hydrogen recombiner in an assembly structure form. The design adopts a series of catalytic assembly units with different heights and different catalytic capacities, and can be correspondingly combined according to the hydrogen distribution condition of the dehydrogenation reaction in the recombiner catalytic device, so that the reaction rates of different positions in the device are optimized.
The above description and examples are given for the purpose of illustration only, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the true scope of the present invention, and that various constructions and orientations can be used to advantage. Therefore, all technical ideas of the same scope as the present optimization design should be construed to be included in the scope of the right of the present optimization scheme.
Claims (4)
1. An optimizing device of a component structure hydrogen recombiner comprises a catalytic device body (2) which is arranged in a regional way by a series of catalytic component units (1) with different heights and different catalytic capacities.
2. The optimizing device for a hydrogen recombiner of assembly structure as recited in claim 1, wherein said catalytic assembly unit is a catalyst carrier for dehydrogenation reaction.
3. The optimized device of a component structure hydrogen recombiner as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the component units (1) have the same external geometrical form but different catalytic activity and catalytic form filled inside, thus causing different reactivity of the unit as a whole.
4. The optimization device of the hydrogen recombiner of assembly structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the catalytic device body (2) is divided into a plurality of zones, each zone selecting units of different reactivity and different height according to the requirement, thereby optimizing the reaction rate and catalytic performance of the whole device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110382862.5A CN113113159A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110382862.5A CN113113159A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113113159A true CN113113159A (en) | 2021-07-13 |
Family
ID=76715284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110382862.5A Pending CN113113159A (en) | 2021-04-09 | 2021-04-09 | Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113113159A (en) |
Citations (21)
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| CN108053896A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-18 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of hydrogen catalytic recombiner |
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2021
- 2021-04-09 CN CN202110382862.5A patent/CN113113159A/en active Pending
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| EP0781830A1 (en) * | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-02 | Institut Francais Du Petrole | Process for lowering the content of benzene and of light unsaturated compounds in hydrocarbon fractions |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |