CN102671675A - Preparation method of catalytic board based on passive hydrogen recombiner of nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Preparation method of catalytic board based on passive hydrogen recombiner of nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102671675A CN102671675A CN2012101822220A CN201210182222A CN102671675A CN 102671675 A CN102671675 A CN 102671675A CN 2012101822220 A CN2012101822220 A CN 2012101822220A CN 201210182222 A CN201210182222 A CN 201210182222A CN 102671675 A CN102671675 A CN 102671675A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a catalytic board based on a passive hydrogen recombiner of a nuclear power plant. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) putting a microporous stainless steel plate into an ultrasonic cleaning tank, and performing ultrasonic cleaning; (2) drying the microporous stainless steel plate after ultrasonic cleaning, and performing furnace cooling and taking out the microporous stainless steel plate; (3) putting the taken-out microporous stainless steel plate into a precious metal solution, and performing ultrasonic impregnation; (4) taking out and drying the microporous stainless steel plate after the ultrasonic impregnation, and performing hydrogen reduction and cooling treatment. The preparation method is simple process and low in manufacturing cost and is suitable for batch production of recombiner catalytic boards; the problems that the heat shock resistance of the conventional recombiner catalytic board is poor, the phase transition of a base material easily occurs at high temperature and a catalytic layer cracks and flakes can be completely solved; therefore, the preparation method has a very high practical value and a very high promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method, specifically, relate to preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station.
Background technology
The production domesticization of nuclear power equipment and the security performance of nuclear power station are the emphasis during China's nuclear power is built.In the Safety Design of nuclear power station, the combustion explosion of hydrogen is to cause nuclear power plant containment shell impaired and then cause the one of the main reasons of nuclear accident.When the density of hydrogen in the containment is too high, the conflagration or the blast of hydrogen can take place usually, and then might damage relevant device and containment, thereby cause the leakage of a large amount of radioactive substances.U.S.'s Three Mile Island nuclear accident is all relevant with the hydrogen security risk with the Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident.
For fear of or reduce the risk of hydrogen explosion in the nuclear power plant containment shell; At present all disposed relative measures as strick precaution with domestic two generations and three generations's nuclear power station in the world; Wherein important measures are in containment, to distribute to place the non-active hydrogen recombiner of dozens of; When design basis accident and major accident, do not need the external energy, automatically starting, and density of hydrogen is reduced to below the level of security.For non-active hydrogen recombiner, because of it need normally move, thereby technical difficulty is very big under the environment of high temperature, high pressure and high humility.
The non-active hydrogen recombiner of China is mainly from the import of French Areva Ta company; Though domestic have research; But owing to do not possess the system test condition early stage; Can't carry out multinomial analyses such as recombiner system test, the recombiner level of being studied is lower, and the core component catalytic plate also is in the imitated stage (imitated Siemens recombiner).For catalytic plate, the general requirement of nuclear power station can start reaction automatically under normal temperature and pressure, low hydrogen concentration and high humidity, and the size of monolithic catalytic plate generally needs at 100-2000cm
2About, approximately place 10-200 sheet catalytic plate in the single recombiner.
For the hydrogen recombiner that present various countries use, its catalytic plate mainly comprises following three types:
(1) porous ceramics catalytic plate
Adopt the porous alumina ceramic particle as carrier, load rhodium, iridium, copper, platinum etc. are packaged into catalytic plate with stainless steel cloth then as catalyst.
(2) stainless steel-porous slurry is made catalytic plate
At first, process slurry then, be coated on the corrosion resistant plate surface, at last sinter molding again the Woelm Alumina catalyst supported on surface.The characteristics of this method are not only to have porous carrier, can improve the catalytic activity of catalytic plate, also because matrix is a corrosion resistant plate, can tolerable temperature be promoted to 900 ℃.
(3) pure precious metal catalyst plate
Adopt content be metal such as 100% rhodium, iridium, copper, platinum or its alloy film as catalytic plate, thickness is generally at micron order.Perhaps apply pure metal film on the corrosion resistant plate surface with the mode of plasma spray coating or flame calcination, thickness generally also is micron order.
Yet; Because the running environment faced of non-active recombiner catalytic plate is harsh, need be at high temperature (350 ℃), high humility (100% relative humidity), big flow hydrogen and condition such as oxygen washes away, 0.65MPa pressure and foreign gas poison under stable operation and keep certain the compound Hydrogen Energy power of catalysis.3 kinds of above-mentioned methods all exist certain problem separately, be difficult to satisfy above-mentioned condition simultaneously, and the manufacturing cost of three kinds of catalytic plates are too high, so that are difficult to produce in enormous quantities.The problem that exists is following:
(1) for the porous ceramics catalytic plate; Maximum problem is exactly that thermal shock resistance is poor; When catalytic plate stands high temperature---after the variations in temperature impact of low temperature; Because the coefficient of thermal expansion of the metallic catalyst of cellular ceramic substrate and area load is different, can make that catalyst layer peels off, thereby cause catalytic plate ineffective.When catalytic plate was in hot environment, porous carrier also possibly produce phase change in addition, thereby the specific area of porous carrier is dwindled, and reduced the catalytic performance of catalytic plate, will make that also catalytic plate is ineffective when serious.
(2) for stainless steel---porous slurry catalytic plate, this is to use maximum a kind of catalytic plates in the world at present, comprises the Siemens recombiner.Though this catalytic plate has been alleviated the thermal shock resistance difference of porous ceramics catalytic plate and the problem that is prone to undergo phase transition; But also brought new problem---be the adhesion problem of porous ceramic layer and corrosion resistant plate matrix, and also only be to play certain alleviation for heat shock resistance and phase transformation problem.Comprehensive; This method will be got well than method (1) overall performance; But under the situation of more high low-temperature heat impact and higher temperature; Still exist the problem that causes stainless steel surfaces porous ceramic layer cracking even peel off owing to the coefficient of thermal expansion difference, thereby reduced the catalytic performance of catalytic plate, can't reach instructions for use.
(3) for the catalytic plate that adopts pure noble metal film to make; Though the catalytic performance of this catalytic plate is better; And there are not heat shock resistance and matrix phase transformation problem, but because preparation technology's restriction, can't the thin noble metal film of prepared in batches; Its integrated cost is quite high, can only make to be used for test on a small quantity.For the catalytic plate that adopts flame calcination or plasma spray process to make on the corrosion resistant plate surface; Then there are two types of problems: the one, be difficult to manufacturing in enormous quantities, like plasma spraying process, need in vacuum or inert atmosphere, carry out; Be subject to the ability of equipment, be difficult to manufacturing in enormous quantities; The 2nd, in order to obtain to be equivalent to the performance of porous ceramics catalytic plate; Need be on the corrosion resistant plate two sides the thicker layer of precious metal of equal load; Cost has more several times than the ceramic catalytic plate, even tens of times, add jejune batch process cost; The manufacturing cost of whole catalytic plate then makes the expensive of recombiner, and general enterprise is difficult to bear.
Therefore, how to avoid recombiner catalytic plate poor thermal shock resistance, high temperature lower substrate material to undergo phase transition easily and Catalytic Layer cracking peels off and just becomes the difficult problem that one urgent need captured.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station; Mainly solve existing recombiner catalytic plate poor thermal shock resistance, and the problem that at high temperature matrix material undergoes phase transition easily, the Catalytic Layer cracking peels off.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is following:
Preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station may further comprise the steps:
(1) many micropores corrosion resistant plate is positioned over carries out ultrasonic cleaning in the ultrasonic cleaner;
(2) carry out taking out after the stove cold treatment with the oven dry of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic cleaning, and to it;
Many micropores corrosion resistant plate that (3) will take out is placed on and carries out ultrasonic immersing in the precious metal solution;
(4) corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is taken out drying, and it is carried out hydrogen reduction handle with cooling.
For improving the catalytic plate resistance and high temperature resistance property, said many micropores corrosion resistant plate is processed by 316L.
Further, in order more effectively to remove greasy dirt and other impurity on many micropores corrosion resistant plate surface, adopt ultra-pure water to carry out ultrasonic cleaning 5～10h to many micropores corrosion resistant plate in the step (1).In addition, adopt the ultra-pure water ultrasonic cleaning can the many micropores corrosion resistant plate as matrix material not to be caused damage.
For guaranteeing drying effect, in the step (2) corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic cleaning is taken out, and dry 5h down at 300 ℃.
Again further, in the step (3) to being placed on the many micropores corrosion resistant plate thermostatic ultrasonic 1～3min under 10 ℃ of conditions in the precious metal solution.
Further, the precious metal solution in the step (3) is for adding 2.5molNaOH, 2.5molKOH, 1molNH in 1L water
3H
2O, 1mol absolute ethyl alcohol, 5mol rhodium chloride, 5mol iridous chloride, 5mol copper chloride and 5mol sodium chloroplatinite also carry out mixed solution.
For the catalytic metal salt coating that forms after the ultrasonic immersing is reduced into pure catalyticing metal particle,, specifically, in the step (4) taking-up of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is dried, and in 80 ℃ of air, dry by the fire 5h so that finally form the moulding catalytic plate; Many micropores corrosion resistant plate after the oven dry is carried out reduction reaction under 250 ℃ of flowing hydrogen conditions with 0.1ml/min, the duration is 25min.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) technology of the present invention is simple, and low cost of manufacture is fit to be used for the recombiner catalytic plate is carried out large batch of production.
(2) the present invention adopts many micropores corrosion resistant plate as the catalytic plate matrix; Increased the contact area of catalyst and hydrogen or oxygen gas reaction; Thereby improved the activity of catalytic reaction, and then made that the combined efficiency of the catalytic plate that the present invention prepares is high than the combined efficiency of conventional catalyst plate.
(3) the present invention adopts many micropores of ultrasonic cleaning PROCESS FOR TREATMENT corrosion resistant plate, not only can the many micropores corrosion resistant plate as matrix material not caused damage, and can remove the spot on many micropores corrosion resistant plate surface well; Then possibly cause the destruction of substrate material surface pattern if adopt existing pickling and alkali washing process to handle, thereby be unfavorable for follow-up processing.This shows, adopt the ultrasonic cleaning PROCESS FOR TREATMENT to bring substantial effect for the processing of back to matrix material.
(4) the present invention adopts ultrasonic immersing that many micropores corrosion resistant plate is further handled; Can be in a short period of time; With the catalytic metal salt even compact be plated in the aperture of many micropores corrosion resistant plate, and form preliminary combining with many micropores corrosion resistant plate, and make the catalytic plate prepared at last not only surface composition be evenly distributed; Thickness is even, and the microscopic particles particle diameter that forms can reach Nano grade.Compare common infusion process and electroless plating method, ultrasonic immersing not only technology is simple, and the overlay coating that forms is even, and is high with substrate combinating strength, do not peel off so formed Catalytic Layer is easy to crack.
(5) the catalytic plate cost performance prepared of the present invention is high, has very large market potential, and therefore, the present invention has very high practical value and promotional value.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a technological process schematic block diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further, embodiment of the present invention includes but not limited to the following example.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; It is that many micropores corrosion resistant plate of 1-100 micron is as matrix material that the present invention adopts the aperture; Precious metal alloys are as catalyst; And adopt that ultrasonic cleaning, oven dry, stove are cold, technologies such as ultrasonic immersing, hydrogen reduction and cooling process many micropores corrosion resistant plate and make, its preparation process may further comprise the steps:
(1) many micropores corrosion resistant plate is positioned over carries out ultrasonic cleaning in the ultrasonic cleaner;
(2) carry out taking out after the stove cold treatment with the oven dry of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic cleaning, and to it;
Many micropores corrosion resistant plate that (3) will take out is placed on and carries out ultrasonic immersing in the precious metal solution;
(4) corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is taken out drying, and it is carried out hydrogen reduction handle with cooling.
The catalytic plate that adopts the present invention to prepare; Form by matrix material (many micropores corrosion resistant plate) and catalysis material; Two sections of material is through after the high-temperature process; Formed the metallurgical binding of part, its bond strength is similar to simple metal film catalytic plate, and is higher than the bond strength of how empty ceramic size and corrosion resistant plate.Simultaneously; Because many micropores corrosion resistant plate has bigger specific area; For the catalytic plate that makes at last carries out catalytic reaction more activated centre is provided, thereby has made that the combined efficiency of the catalytic plate that goes out produced according to the present invention is high than the combined efficiency of conventional catalyst plate.
Because the catalytic plate of non-active recombiner need carry out catalysis work in high temperature (350 ℃) environment, therefore, in order to improve the resistance to elevated temperatures of catalytic plate, among the present invention, described many micropores corrosion resistant plate is processed by 316L.Many micropores corrosion resistant plate is high temperature resistant with the characteristic with bigger serface at high temperature can not undergo phase transition when making it as the catalytic plate matrix easily yet.In addition; In order more effectively to remove greasy dirt and other impurity on many micropores corrosion resistant plate surface; And can the many micropores corrosion resistant plate as matrix material not caused damage, at room temperature adopt ultra-pure water to carry out ultrasonic cleaning 5～10h as required in the step (1) many micropores corrosion resistant plate.
After ultrasonic cleaning finishes, many micropores corrosion resistant plate is taken out, dry 5h down at 300 ℃ earlier, the many micropores corrosion resistant plate after will drying is again put into and is carried out the cold annealing in process of stove in the stove, takes out at last.After annealing in process finishes, many micropores corrosion resistant plate is soaked in carries out ultrasonic immersing in the precious metal solution that configures and handle, among the present invention, with many micropores corrosion resistant plate under 10 ℃ of conditions in precious metal solution thermostatic ultrasonic 1～3min.And the precious metal solution that is adopted among the present invention, its collocation method is: in 1L water, add 2.5molNaOH, 2.5molKOH, 1molNH
3H
2O, 1mol absolute ethyl alcohol, 5mol rhodium chloride, 5mol iridous chloride, 5mol copper chloride and 5mol sodium chloroplatinite, and evenly stir this mixed solution, leaving standstill 2h after the stirring can obtain.
Many micropores corrosion resistant plate is after the ultrasonic immersing processes; For the catalytic metal salt coating that forms after the ultrasonic immersing is reduced into pure catalyticing metal particle; So that finally form the moulding catalytic plate; Need that also many micropores corrosion resistant plate is carried out hydrogen reduction and handle with cooling, in the above-mentioned steps (4), its specific operation process is following:
(4a) taking-up of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is dried, and in 80 ℃ of air, dry by the fire 5h;
(4b) the many micropores corrosion resistant plate after will drying carries out reduction reaction under 250 ℃ of flowing hydrogen conditions with 0.1ml/min, and the duration is 25min;
(4c) to the processing of lowering the temperature of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the hydrogen reduction.
Can obtain the catalytic plate of non-active hydrogen recombiner after handling through step (4c), and the problem that the catalytic plate of preparing can solve fully that present recombiner catalytic plate thermal shock resistance is poor, high temperature lower substrate material is prone to undergo phase transition and the Catalytic Layer cracking peels off.
Following table is to adopt the contrast test test of the present invention catalytic plate that makes and the catalytic plate that adopts pure noble metal film to make, and the leading indicator of this experimental test has: start the reaction time under combined efficiency, the normal temperature automatically, start density of hydrogen and steam tolerance performance.Can know that by data in the table except that combined efficiency was different, all the other test results were all consistent.Because the present invention adopts many micropores corrosion resistant plate as the catalytic plate matrix; And many small holes have been spread all on this catalytic plate matrix; Therefore; The last prepared catalytic plate of the present invention has just increased the contact area of catalyst and hydrogen or oxygen gas reaction, thereby has improved the activity of catalytic reaction, and then makes that also the combined efficiency of the catalytic plate that the present invention prepares is high than the combined efficiency of conventional catalyst plate.Can know according to test for data, adopt catalytic plate that method provided by the invention makes compared to the catalytic plate that adopts pure noble metal film to make low cost of manufacture not only, and its combined efficiency exceed 8% than the catalytic plate combined efficiency that pure noble metal film makes.
In sum, can find out that technology of the present invention is simple; Low cost of manufacture; Be fit to be used for the recombiner catalytic plate is carried out large batch of production, and the catalytic plate cost performance of preparing is high, on market, has very large potentiality; Therefore, the present invention has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement compared to conventional method.
According to the foregoing description, just can realize the present invention well.
Claims (8)
1. based on the preparation method of the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) many micropores corrosion resistant plate is positioned over carries out ultrasonic cleaning in the ultrasonic cleaner;
(2) carry out taking out after the stove cold treatment with the oven dry of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic cleaning, and to it;
Many micropores corrosion resistant plate that (3) will take out is placed on and carries out ultrasonic immersing in the precious metal solution;
(4) corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is taken out drying, and it is carried out hydrogen reduction handle with cooling.
2. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said many micropores corrosion resistant plate is processed by 316L.
3. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, adopts ultra-pure water to carry out ultrasonic cleaning 5～10h to many micropores corrosion resistant plate in the step (1).
4. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the step (2) corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic cleaning is taken out, and dries 5h down at 300 ℃.
5. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the step (3) to being placed on the many micropores corrosion resistant plate thermostatic ultrasonic 1～3min under 10 ℃ of conditions in the precious metal solution.
6. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the precious metal solution in the step (3) is for adding 2.5molNaOH, 2.5molKOH, 1molNH in 1L water
3H
2O, 1mol absolute ethyl alcohol, 5mol rhodium chloride, 5mol iridous chloride, 5mol copper chloride and 5mol sodium chloroplatinite also carry out mixed solution.
7. according to each described preparation method of claim 4～6, it is characterized in that, in the step (4) taking-up of the corrosion resistant plate of the many micropores after the ultrasonic immersing is dried, and in 80 ℃ of air, dry by the fire 5h based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station.
8. the preparation method based on the non-active hydrogen recombiner catalytic plate of nuclear power station according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; Many micropores corrosion resistant plate after will drying in the step (4) carries out reduction reaction under 250 ℃ of flowing hydrogen conditions with 0.1ml/min, the duration is 25min.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103272586A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-09-04 | 四川材料与工艺研究所 | Preparation method for platinum membrane catalytic plate based on passive hydrogen and oxygen recombiner |
| CN106094908A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of distributed passive hydrogen security protection system |
| CN113113159A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner |
| CN113130102A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | High-temperature protection device for hydrogen recombiner |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2179758C2 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2002-02-20 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Catalytic system and recombination device for recombining hydrogen and oxygen used in particular for nuclear power plants |
| CN1736590A (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2006-02-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 | Metal carrier type hydrogen-eliminating catalyst and preparation process thereof |
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2012
- 2012-06-05 CN CN201210182222.0A patent/CN102671675B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2179758C2 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2002-02-20 | Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт | Catalytic system and recombination device for recombining hydrogen and oxygen used in particular for nuclear power plants |
| CN1736590A (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2006-02-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 | Metal carrier type hydrogen-eliminating catalyst and preparation process thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103272586A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-09-04 | 四川材料与工艺研究所 | Preparation method for platinum membrane catalytic plate based on passive hydrogen and oxygen recombiner |
| CN103272586B (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-08-06 | 四川材料与工艺研究所 | Preparation method for platinum membrane catalytic plate based on passive hydrogen and oxygen recombiner |
| CN106094908A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | A kind of distributed passive hydrogen security protection system |
| CN113113159A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optimizing device of component structure hydrogen recombiner |
| CN113130102A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | High-temperature protection device for hydrogen recombiner |
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