CN113378496B - Engineering machinery and method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of radiator of engineering machinery - Google Patents

Engineering machinery and method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of radiator of engineering machinery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113378496B
CN113378496B CN202110845208.3A CN202110845208A CN113378496B CN 113378496 B CN113378496 B CN 113378496B CN 202110845208 A CN202110845208 A CN 202110845208A CN 113378496 B CN113378496 B CN 113378496B
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radiator
dimensional model
inlet
fan
engine compartment
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CN113378496A (en
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赵旭阳
李阳
王辉
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Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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Sany Heavy Machinery Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/28Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/08Fluids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

Abstract

The application provides an engineering machine and a method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of a radiator of the engineering machine, wherein the calculating method comprises the following steps: step S10: establishing a three-dimensional model of an engine compartment; step S20: obtaining a resistance loss proportion of airflow flowing through the engine compartment according to the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment; step S30: establishing a one-dimensional model of a cooling system; step S40: and introducing the resistance loss value into a one-dimensional model, and obtaining the air inlet temperature and/or the air outlet temperature of a radiator in the cooling system according to the parameters corrected by the one-dimensional model. In the calculation method, the influence of engine compartment resistance on the air quantity of the fan is considered, and the influence of the whole cooling circulation system where the radiator is positioned is also considered, so that the calculation method is more reasonable, and the calculation error of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator can be reduced.

Description

Engineering machinery and method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of radiator of engineering machinery
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of temperature control of heat dissipation equipment, in particular to engineering machinery and a method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of a radiator of the engineering machinery.
Background
The excavator is a common engineering machine. Currently, two methods are generally adopted for calculating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator of the excavator: one is to use a three-dimensional radiator model to calculate, wrap up the radiator model with the air domain, calculate the import and export temperature of each radiator separately; and the other is to build a cooling system by adopting one-dimensional simulation software, so that the inlet and outlet temperatures of all the radiators can be calculated at the same time.
But in both methods: the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiators are directly calculated by adopting the three-dimensional model, the sizes of the radiators and the fans are required to be optimized, the calculation time is long, meanwhile, the mutual influence of the radiators in the whole cooling circulation system is not considered, only the inlet and outlet temperatures of each radiator are calculated independently, and large deviation exists. The one-dimensional radiator module is adopted to calculate the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator, and the influence of the resistance of the engine compartment on the air quantity of the fan is not considered, so that the error of a calculation result is larger. Therefore, the radiator inlet and outlet temperature calculating method of the excavator in the prior art has the defect of inaccuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides engineering machinery and a method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of a radiator of the engineering machinery.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of a radiator of an engineering machine, including: step S10: establishing a three-dimensional model of an engine compartment; step S20: obtaining a resistance loss proportion of airflow flowing through the engine compartment according to the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment; step S30: establishing a one-dimensional model of a cooling system; step S40: and introducing the resistance loss value into a one-dimensional model, and obtaining the inlet temperature and/or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the cooling system according to the parameters corrected by the one-dimensional model.
Optionally, step S10 includes: a geometric model of the following components is established: the engine comprises an engine, a hydraulic pump, a radiator, a fan, a wind scooper, an air filter and an engine cabin plate.
Optionally, the heat sink comprises one or more of the following: hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch-variable oil radiator, intercooler and condenser.
Optionally, step S20 includes: step S21: obtaining a first pressure difference across the fan and a second pressure difference across the radiator; step S22: calculating a difference between the first differential pressure and the second differential pressure; step S23: the ratio of the difference to the first pressure difference is calculated to obtain a drag loss ratio.
Alternatively, the second pressure differential is obtained by a pressure differential experiment.
Optionally, step S30 includes: inputting an experimental value of flow-temperature change of the radiator and an experimental value of flow-pressure difference of the radiator; and inputting a rotating speed curve of the fan.
Optionally, step S30 further includes: parameters of the medium in the radiator are input.
Optionally, step S40 includes: and correcting the wind speed value of the fan according to the resistance loss proportion.
Optionally, the heat sink comprises one or more of the following: hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch-variable oil radiator, intercooler and condenser.
The application also provides engineering machinery, which comprises a radiator, wherein the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator are calculated by the calculation method.
The application has the following advantages:
by utilizing the technical scheme of the application, the method for calculating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator adopts a mode of combining a three-dimensional model and a one-dimensional model. The resistance loss after the airflow passes through the engine compartment is calculated through the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment, and the loss data is imported into the one-dimensional model of the refrigeration system. And considering the influence of the radiator in the cooling system in the one-dimensional model, and finally calculating the temperature value of the inlet and the outlet of the radiator. In the calculation method, the influence of engine compartment resistance on the air quantity of the fan is considered, and the influence of the whole cooling circulation system where the radiator is positioned is also considered, so that the calculation method is more reasonable, and the calculation error of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator can be reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of a construction machine and a radiator thereof according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for calculating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator of the engineering machine according to the embodiment includes:
step S10: establishing a three-dimensional model of an engine compartment;
step S20: obtaining a resistance loss proportion of airflow flowing through the engine compartment according to the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment;
step S30: establishing a one-dimensional model of a cooling system;
step S40: and introducing the resistance loss proportion into a one-dimensional model, and obtaining the inlet temperature and/or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the cooling system according to the parameters corrected by the one-dimensional model.
By using the technical scheme of the embodiment, the method for calculating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator adopts a mode of combining a three-dimensional model and a one-dimensional model. The resistance loss after the airflow passes through the engine compartment is calculated through the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment, and the loss data is imported into the one-dimensional model of the refrigeration system. And considering the influence of the radiator in the cooling system in the one-dimensional model, and finally calculating the temperature value of the inlet and the outlet of the radiator. In the calculation method, the influence of engine compartment resistance on the air quantity of the fan is considered, and the influence of the whole cooling circulation system where the radiator is located is also considered, so that the calculation method of the embodiment is more reasonable, and the calculation error of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator can be reduced.
It should be noted that, the "inlet temperature" and the "outlet temperature" of the radiator refer to the temperatures of the medium inside the radiator at the inlet and the outlet. The medium may be different according to the type of the radiator, for example, hydraulic oil, fuel oil, antifreeze, etc.
In step S10, the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment is created using three-dimensional software. Specifically, in this embodiment, a three-dimensional simulation module Star CCM+ is used to build a geometric model according to the dimensions of the outer shell of the nacelle of the excavator and its internal components. Of course, other commonly used three-dimensional software may be employed by those skilled in the art to build three-dimensional models of engine compartments.
Further, step S10 includes: a geometric model of the following components is established:
the engine comprises an engine, a hydraulic pump, a radiator, a fan, a wind scooper, an air filter and an engine cabin plate.
Specifically, the engine, hydraulic pump, radiator, fan, cowl and air cleaner are all located within the engine nacelle panel. And establishing a corresponding geometric model in Star CCM+ software according to the specific size of the component.
Preferably, the part meshing is performed using a polyhedral mesh when the geometric model is constructed. Compared with the traditional tetrahedral and hexahedral grids, the polyhedral grid has a plurality of adjacent units, so that node gradient and flow distribution can be calculated more reasonably, and in addition, the polyhedral grid has stronger adaptability and balance in terms of generating and calculating efficiency of the component grids with complex shapes of an engine compartment.
In addition, in step S10, a box is built around the periphery of the nacelle, and the air domain around the nacelle is simulated. By the above-described geometric model and air-domain model of each component, the ratio of the resistance loss after the flow of the air out of the engine compartment can be calculated later.
Further, when the geometric model is built for the fan in step S10, in order to minimize the calculation error of the air volume of the fan, a cylinder is built around the fan, the fan is wrapped, the distance between each surface of the cylinder and the fan cannot be more than 2mm at the minimum, and then the whole cylinder area is set as a rotation area.
In this embodiment, the heat sink includes the following six components: hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch-variable oil radiator, intercooler and condenser. Specifically, in step S10, geometric models are required for the hydraulic oil radiator, the antifreeze radiator, the fuel oil radiator, the pitch-variable oil radiator, the intercooler, and the condenser, respectively. Of course, depending on the model and structure of the excavator, the radiator may include only some of the six components or some of the six components.
In the technical solution of the present embodiment, step S20 includes:
step S21: obtaining a first pressure difference across the fan and a second pressure difference across the radiator;
step S22: calculating a difference between the first differential pressure and the second differential pressure;
step S23: the ratio of the difference to the first pressure difference is calculated to obtain a drag loss ratio.
Specifically, in step S20, the first pressure difference between the two ends of the fan, the air flow pressure generated by the fan, and the second pressure difference between the two ends of the radiator, that is, the resistance of the air flow passing through the radiator, are also generated. The difference between the first pressure difference and the second pressure difference is the pressure of the air flow generated by the fan after passing through the radiator. And calculating the ratio of the difference value to the first pressure difference to obtain the resistance loss ratio of the air flow generated by the fan.
Further, according to the air domain model and the engine compartment model, shielding data of each part on air flow of the fan can be calculated, so that first pressure difference at two ends of the fan is calculated.
Further, for the second pressure difference, since the radiator is a plate-fin radiator, there are a large number of wavy fins between the fins of the radiator, and the thickness of the fins is very thin, which results in a very large grid quantity and even incapacity of calculation. In order to solve the problem, the resistance generated by the fins between the plate fins is deduced through flow pressure difference experimental data of the radiator, and the resistance is loaded into a three-dimensional model to be equivalent to the resistance of the plate fins.
It should be noted that, since the radiator in the present embodiment includes six parts (hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze fluid radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch oil radiator, intercooler, and condenser), it is necessary to obtain second differential pressures at both ends of the six radiator parts, respectively, and calculate the sum of the six second differential pressures.
Thus, by the above-described steps S10 and S20, the obtaining of the pressure loss ratio data of the airflow through the engine compartment by the three-dimensional model can be completed.
In the technical solution of the present embodiment, step S30 includes:
inputting an experimental value of flow-temperature change of the radiator and an experimental value of flow-pressure difference of the radiator; and inputting a rotating speed curve of the fan.
Specifically, step S30 mainly builds a model of the cooling system by means of a one-dimensional simulation module. Specifically, KULI software is employed in this embodiment to model the cooling system, and experimental data of the radiator and the fan are input in the software. The experimental data mainly include: an experimental value of flow-temperature variation input to the radiator, an experimental value of flow-pressure difference input to the radiator, and a rotation speed curve input to the fan. Meanwhile, the pressure loss ratio data obtained through step S10 and step S20 described above is loaded as an engine compartment resistance module into a one-dimensional model.
Of course, other commonly used one-dimensional simulation software can be employed by those skilled in the art to build one-dimensional models of cooling systems.
Further, step S30 further includes:
parameters of the medium in the radiator are input.
Specifically, the medium in the radiator is different depending on the type of radiator, and for example, the medium is an antifreeze or hydraulic oil. Parameters of the medium include density, specific heat capacity, heat conduction coefficient and kinematic viscosity at different temperatures.
In the present embodiment, step S40 includes:
and correcting the wind speed value of the fan according to the resistance loss proportion.
Specifically, in step S40, the wind speed value of the fan is adjusted by the ratio of the drag loss obtained in steps S10 and S20, so that the influence of the engine compartment drag on the fan air volume is fully considered. After correcting the wind speed value of the fan, calculating the inlet and outlet temperature value of the radiator by using KULI software, and comprehensively considering the influence of the whole cooling circulation system where the radiator is positioned.
Further, as described above, the radiator in the present embodiment includes the hydraulic oil radiator, the antifreeze fluid radiator, the fuel oil radiator, the pitch-variable oil radiator, the intercooler, and the condenser. Therefore, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the six components need to be calculated respectively during calculation. Of course, the inlet and outlet temperatures of one or more of the above components may be calculated by those skilled in the art according to actual working requirements.
Meanwhile, as can be seen from the steps S10 to S40, the method of the embodiment only needs to calculate the engine compartment air duct flow field once to obtain the engine compartment resistance loss proportion, so that the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiators can be obtained quickly and conveniently through the one-dimensional module, the air quantity of the radiators and the temperature of inlet and outlet air can be obtained, and the result can be obtained quickly even if the specifications of the radiators and the fans are changed.
The embodiment also provides engineering machinery, the engineering machinery comprises a radiator, and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator are calculated through the calculation method. Preferably, the engineering machine is an excavator, and of course, other engineering machines provided with a radiator, such as a crane, a pump truck and the like, can use the calculation method to calculate the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator.
According to the above description, the present patent application has the following advantages:
1. optimizing the radiator and fan modeling, and not needing to recalculate the air duct flow field of the engine compartment, so that the calculation time is reduced, and the calculation efficiency is improved;
2. the method not only considers the influence of engine compartment resistance on the air quantity of the fan, but also considers the influence of the whole cooling circulation system where the radiator is positioned, reduces the calculation error and has more reasonable calculation.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the application.

Claims (5)

1. The method for calculating the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator of the engineering machinery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S10: establishing a three-dimensional model of the engine compartment includes establishing a geometric model of: the device comprises an engine, a hydraulic pump, a radiator, a fan, a wind scooper, an air filter and an engine cabin plate;
step S20: obtaining a resistance loss proportion of airflow flowing through the engine compartment according to the three-dimensional model of the engine compartment, wherein the resistance loss proportion comprises the following components: step S21: obtaining a first pressure difference between two ends of the fan and a second pressure difference between two ends of the radiator, wherein the second pressure difference is obtained through a pressure difference experiment; step S22: calculating a difference between the first differential pressure and the second differential pressure; step S23: calculating a ratio of the difference to the first differential pressure to obtain the resistance loss ratio;
step S30: establishing a one-dimensional model of the cooling system, and inputting an experimental value of flow-temperature change of the radiator, an experimental value of flow-pressure difference of the radiator and a rotating speed curve of the fan into the one-dimensional model;
step S40: and introducing the resistance loss value into the one-dimensional model, correcting the wind speed value of the fan according to the resistance loss proportion, and obtaining the inlet temperature and/or the outlet temperature of the radiator in the cooling system according to the parameters corrected by the one-dimensional model.
2. The computing method of claim 1, wherein the heat sink comprises one or more of:
hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch-variable oil radiator, intercooler and condenser.
3. The computing method according to claim 1, wherein the step S30 further includes:
parameters of the medium in the radiator are input.
4. A computing method according to claim 3, wherein the heat sink comprises one or more of the following:
hydraulic oil radiator, antifreeze radiator, fuel oil radiator, pitch-variable oil radiator, intercooler and condenser.
5. A construction machine comprising a radiator, characterized in that the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator are calculated by the calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202110845208.3A 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 Engineering machinery and method for calculating inlet and outlet temperatures of radiator of engineering machinery Active CN113378496B (en)

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