CN111753372B - Heat balance simulation method and system for whole excavator - Google Patents
Heat balance simulation method and system for whole excavator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a whole heat balance simulation method and system of an excavator, comprising the following steps: constructing an excavator complete machine model according to the acquired excavator parameters, and setting a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where a wind tunnel cladding simulation excavator complete machine model is positioned in the excavator complete machine model; defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment, and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment; and correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as the heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature. Aiming at temperature correction of the whole excavator under two working conditions, the influence analysis of the heat balance of the whole excavator when working devices of the excavator are in different postures is realized, and the comprehensive detection of the heat dissipation performance of the whole excavator is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of heat balance of an excavator, in particular to a whole heat balance simulation method and system of the excavator.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The market competition of the excavator is becoming more and more vigorous, the requirements of customers on the stability and the service life of the whole machine and parts of the excavator are becoming higher and higher, and the heat balance design of the excavator faces great examination. Meanwhile, the heat balance experiment is difficult and heavy due to the influence of factors such as low-temperature environment in winter, so that a large amount of labor and time cost are consumed, and the experiment precision is difficult to guarantee. Moreover, the existing excavator has the problems of high water temperature, water temperature alarm, overheat of hydraulic oil temperature and the like in the use process due to complex and various working conditions, and the problems of low working efficiency, incapability of working and the like of the excavator caused by incapability of effectively carrying out heat balance experiments and incapability of mastering the heat dissipation performance of the excavator.
In the existing heat balance experimental method, the inventor finds that: at present, the verification of the heat balance of the whole excavator mainly depends on experiments, and the heat balance simulation is mainly oriented to a component level or a system level and lacks the heat balance simulation of the whole excavator. The heat balance test has larger heat balance test error in low-temperature environments such as winter, and has long test time and high manpower and fuel consumption. The heat balance simulation at the component level or the system level cannot consider the influence of the whole machine on the heat balance, and the calculation accuracy is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a whole excavator heat balance simulation method and a whole excavator heat balance simulation system, wherein a virtual operation environment of an excavator is constructed through boundary definition of the whole excavator heat simulation, simulation of actual excavation environment conditions of the excavator is realized, and influence correction of different postures of the excavator on a temperature field is realized through correction of working condition temperatures; aiming at temperature correction of the whole excavator under two working conditions, the influence analysis of the heat balance of the whole excavator when working devices of the excavator are in different postures is realized, and the comprehensive detection of the heat dissipation performance of the whole excavator is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the application provides a method for simulating heat balance of an entire excavator, which comprises the following steps:
constructing an excavator complete machine model according to the acquired excavator parameters, and setting a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where a wind tunnel cladding simulation excavator complete machine model is positioned in the excavator complete machine model;
defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment, and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
and correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as the heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an overall excavator heat balance simulation system, comprising:
the whole machine model construction module is used for constructing a whole machine model of the excavator according to the acquired excavator parameters, and a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where the whole machine model of the excavator is positioned is simulated by arranging a wind tunnel cladding in the whole machine model of the excavator;
the working condition temperature calculation module is used for defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
the working condition temperature correction module is used for correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as the heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature.
In a third aspect, the application provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the method of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the method of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
the application aims at the method for classifying the overall machine thermal simulation working conditions of the excavator and analyzing the composite working conditions, so as to realize the analysis of the influence of the overall machine thermal balance when the working device of the excavator is in different postures and realize the comprehensive detection of the overall machine heat dissipation performance.
According to the application, the virtual running environment of the excavator is constructed by defining the boundary of the thermal simulation of the whole excavator, so that the simulation of the actual excavating environment condition of the excavator is realized, the actual working condition of the excavator is truly simulated, the thermal balance experiment is conveniently and economically carried out, the cooling performance of the engine, the temperature condition of the working medium of the hydraulic system, the heat dissipation performance of the radiator and the like can be evaluated, and the comprehensive detection of the heat dissipation performance of the whole excavator is realized.
According to the application, the influence correction of the temperature field of the excavator under different postures is realized by correcting the working condition temperature, the heat dissipation performance of the whole excavator is judged by calculating the heat balance temperature, the influence analysis of the heat dissipation performance of the whole excavator is realized by simulation, and the whole excavator parameters of the excavator are conveniently designed and adjusted; the complete machine heat balance calculation method for the excavator provided by the application realizes double improvements of simulation efficiency and simulation precision, and simultaneously reduces the number of heat balance experiments and the test cost.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a simulation method for the heat balance of the whole excavator provided by the embodiment 1 of the application;
fig. 2 is a complete machine model provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wind tunnel cladding and the complete machine cladding according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a complete machine cladding and a complete machine cladding provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fan and a radiator according to embodiment 1 of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of meshing according to embodiment 1 of the present application.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms also are intended to include the plural forms, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such as, for example, processes, methods, systems, products or devices that comprise a series of steps or units, are not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are expressly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not expressly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products or devices.
Embodiments of the application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a thermal balance simulation method for an entire excavator, which adopts a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, uses CFD calculation software Star ccm+ to perform modeling, grid division, boundary setting, calculation analysis and post-treatment analysis on the entire excavator, and specifically includes:
s1: constructing an excavator complete machine model according to the acquired excavator parameters, and setting a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where a wind tunnel cladding simulation excavator complete machine model is positioned in the excavator complete machine model;
s2: defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment, and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
s3: and correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as the heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature.
In the step S1, the excavator parameters include: an engine compartment, a hydraulic oil tank, a fan and a radiator; it can be understood that parameters such as a cab, a counterweight, a main valve and the like can be included;
in this embodiment, the processing of the excavator complete machine model includes: deleting pipes, bolts, gaskets and the like which have less influence on a flow field in an engine compartment, and filling gaps among bolt holes, welding grooves and covering pieces;
treating the cab, the hydraulic oil tank and the counterweight into a closed cavity;
because the main valve has a complex structure, the main valve is replaced by a cuboid cladding with approximate size;
simulating a fan by adopting a rotating coordinate system;
a porous medium model is adopted for the radiator;
in this embodiment, in order to simulate the actual excavation environmental conditions, a wind tunnel enclosure is designed at the periphery of the whole excavator, as shown in fig. 2, to simulate the wind tunnel area of the external flow field where the whole excavator is located, that is, to simulate the flow condition of surrounding gas when the excavator is actually operated;
in the step S1, after the wind tunnel cladding is built, the whole flow field of the excavator is wrapped to generate a fluid field, and because the whole flow field of the excavator is large, the wrapping is performed in three parts:
(1) Constructing a cuboid complete machine cladding which is similar to the complete machine size of the excavator according to the complete machine size of the excavator, and cladding with the wind tunnel cladding, as shown in fig. 3;
(2) Wrapping the cuboid cladding and the whole excavator, as shown in fig. 4;
(3) The radiator and fan are clad as shown in fig. 5.
In the embodiment, defining a boundary for a wind tunnel enclosure so as to construct a virtual running environment of the excavator, and calculating the working condition temperature of the excavator in the virtual environment; before that, the embodiment performs layered encryption on the engine compartment and the vehicle body, so as to ensure the accuracy in calculating the working condition temperature;
in the embodiment, the hierarchical encryption is performed by adopting a volume grid encryption mode, so that the accuracy of the temperature calculation of the key area is ensured, meanwhile, the volume grids are not too many, and the calculation efficiency is ensured, as shown in fig. 6;
in the embodiment, when working condition temperature is calculated, a physical model is selected and physical parameters are set; wherein, the 3D turbulence model adopts K-Epsilon, the wall surface model adopts two layers of full y+ wall surface treatment, and the high temperature surfaces of an engine, a silencer and the like are provided with temperature boundaries;
in the step S2, in this embodiment, among the front, rear, left, right, top, and bottom surfaces of the wind tunnel enclosure, the front surface is the wind tunnel enclosure boundary corresponding to the fan suction, and is set as the Stagnation inlet boundary (Stagnation inlet); the back, top and left and right sides are all set as Pressure outlet boundaries (Pressure outlets); the bottom surface is set as a Wall boundary (Wall); constructing an excavator virtual operation environment according to the virtual operation environment;
the excavator heat balance calculation process comprises 2 calculation working conditions, wherein the working conditions correspond to 2 postures of an excavator working device, the working condition 1 is an initial excavator excavating posture, at the moment, the working device has the greatest influence on exhaust air at a bilge grid plate of an engine, hot air is most easily disturbed to be discharged, hot air is most easily caused to be sucked by a fan from the side surface, and hot air flows back; working condition 2 is the excavator rotation gesture, and at this moment, the hot return air that working device arouses is minimum. In this embodiment, the temperatures of the excavator under two conditions are calculated in the virtual environment.
In the step S3, 2 working condition temperatures are corrected according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature, including correction of the radiator air inlet surface temperature, the radiator air outlet surface temperature and the radiator internal hot fluid temperature; here, taking temperature correction of the air inlet surface of the radiator as an example:
the average air inlet temperature of the hydraulic oil powder and the water powder is respectively extracted, and the hydraulic oil powder temperature of the working condition 1 is set as C h1 The water dispersion temperature is C r1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Working condition 2 the hydraulic oil dispersion temperature is C h2 The water dispersion temperature is C r2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The total time of the digging action for 1 cycle is T 0 Wherein the digging time T 1 Lifting the swing time T 2 Discharge time T 3 Return time T 4 According toAnd (3) obtaining a temperature correction formula according to the heating law of the engine and hydraulic oil when the actual excavator works:
hydraulic oil powder:
water dispersion:
corrected temperature C h And C r For the air inlet temperature calculated for the hydraulic oil dissipation and water dissipation balance, it can be understood that the air outlet surface of the radiator and the temperature of the hot fluid in the radiator are corrected by the same method, the corrected working condition temperature is used as the heat balance temperature, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator is obtained according to the heat balance temperature; according to the radiator radiating efficiency, the air inlet and outlet system of the radiator radiating or fan and radiating system is improved, so that the heat productivity and the radiating capacity of the excavator are balanced, the requirements of the excavator under various working conditions are met, and the excavator can still ensure reliable work when the working conditions of high altitude, mountain areas and high pressure and high temperature or the environmental conditions are severe.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a whole machine heat balance simulation system of excavator, including:
the whole machine model construction module is used for constructing a whole machine model of the excavator according to the acquired excavator parameters, and a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where the whole machine model of the excavator is positioned is simulated by arranging a wind tunnel cladding in the whole machine model of the excavator;
the working condition temperature calculation module is used for defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
the working condition temperature correction module is used for correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as the heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature.
Here, it should be noted that the above modules correspond to steps S1 to S3 in embodiment 1, and the above modules are the same as examples and application scenarios implemented by the corresponding steps, but are not limited to those disclosed in embodiment 1. It should be noted that the modules described above may be implemented as part of a system in a computer system, such as a set of computer-executable instructions.
In further embodiments, there is also provided:
an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the method described in embodiment 1. For brevity, the description is omitted here.
It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, and the processor may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate array FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory may include read only memory and random access memory and provide instructions and data to the processor, and a portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store information of the device type.
A computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the method described in embodiment 1.
The method in embodiment 1 may be directly embodied as a hardware processor executing or executed with a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, a detailed description is not provided herein.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements of the various examples described in connection with the present embodiments, i.e., the algorithm steps, can be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the application, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the application as defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The whole heat balance simulation method of the excavator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
constructing an excavator complete machine model according to the acquired excavator parameters, and setting a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where a wind tunnel cladding simulation excavator complete machine model is positioned in the excavator complete machine model;
defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment, and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as a heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature;
the correction of the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature comprises the following steps:
the corrected hydraulic oil heat dissipation balance temperature is as follows:
the corrected water heat dissipation equilibrium temperature is as follows:
wherein C is h1 The hydraulic oil dispersion temperature is C for the initial state of the excavator r1 The water dispersion temperature is the initial state of the excavator; c (C) h2 The hydraulic oil dispersion temperature in the rotation state of the excavator is C r2 The water dispersion temperature is the water dispersion temperature of the rotation state of the excavator; t (T) 0 For the total time of digging action cycle T 1 For digging time, T 2 To increase the revolution time T 3 For discharging time T 4 Is the return time.
2. The method for simulating the heat balance of the whole excavator according to claim 1, wherein,
in the whole excavator model, an engine compartment is filled with bolt holes, weld grooves and gaps among covering pieces;
simulating a cab, a hydraulic oil tank and a counterweight into a closed cavity;
simulating a fan by adopting a rotating coordinate system;
a porous media model is used for the radiator.
3. The method for simulating the heat balance of the whole excavator according to claim 1, wherein,
and carrying out three-step wrapping on the whole excavator model to generate a fluid domain.
4. The method for simulating the heat balance of an entire excavator according to claim 3, wherein the three steps comprise:
constructing a cuboid complete machine cladding according to the complete machine size of the excavator, and cladding with the wind tunnel cladding;
wrapping the cuboid cladding and the whole excavator;
wrapping the radiator and the fan.
5. The method for simulating the heat balance of the whole excavator according to claim 1, wherein,
and carrying out layered encryption on the whole excavator model by adopting a body grid encryption method, and dividing a grid encryption area.
6. The method for simulating the thermal balance of an entire excavator according to claim 1, wherein the defining the boundary of the wind tunnel enclosure comprises:
the front surface of the front, rear, left, right, top and bottom surfaces of the wind tunnel cladding is a wind tunnel cladding boundary corresponding to the air suction of the fan and is set as a stagnation inlet boundary; the back, the top surface and the left and right side surfaces are all set as pressure outlet boundaries; the bottom surface is set as a wall boundary.
7. An excavator whole machine heat balance simulation system, which is characterized by comprising:
the whole machine model construction module is used for constructing a whole machine model of the excavator according to the acquired excavator parameters, and a wind tunnel region of an external flow field where the whole machine model of the excavator is positioned is simulated by arranging a wind tunnel cladding in the whole machine model of the excavator;
the working condition temperature calculation module is used for defining a boundary for the wind tunnel cladding, constructing an excavator virtual operation environment and respectively calculating working condition temperatures of an initial state of the excavator and a rotation state of the excavator in the excavator virtual operation environment;
the working condition temperature correction module is used for correcting the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature, taking the corrected working condition temperature as a heat balance temperature, and obtaining the heat dissipation efficiency of the whole excavator model according to the heat balance temperature;
the correction of the working condition temperature according to the hydraulic oil dispersion average temperature and the water dispersion average temperature comprises the following steps:
the corrected hydraulic oil heat dissipation balance temperature is as follows:
the corrected water heat dissipation equilibrium temperature is as follows:
wherein C is h1 The hydraulic oil dispersion temperature is C for the initial state of the excavator r1 The water dispersion temperature is the initial state of the excavator; c (C) h2 The hydraulic oil dispersion temperature in the rotation state of the excavator is C r2 The water dispersion temperature is the water dispersion temperature of the rotation state of the excavator; t (T) 0 For the total time of digging action cycle T 1 For digging time, T 2 To increase the revolution time T 3 For discharging time T 4 Is the return time.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and running on the processor, which when executed by the processor, perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, perform the method of any of claims 1-6.
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| CN114491826B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-12 | 徐州徐工汽车制造有限公司 | Method and system for evaluating heat dissipation performance of vehicle and computer-readable storage medium |
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