CN113375423A - Drying method of silkworm cocoons - Google Patents
Drying method of silkworm cocoons Download PDFInfo
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- CN113375423A CN113375423A CN202110644280.XA CN202110644280A CN113375423A CN 113375423 A CN113375423 A CN 113375423A CN 202110644280 A CN202110644280 A CN 202110644280A CN 113375423 A CN113375423 A CN 113375423A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
- F26B25/225—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects by repeated or continuous weighing of the material or a sample thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a drying method of silkworm cocoons, which comprises the following steps: s1, sorting and picking: classifying and picking the silkworm cocoons, and putting the silkworm cocoons with intact surfaces and the damaged silkworm cocoons into different containers; s2, heating the drying chamber: starting a heating hot air circulating system to preheat the drying chamber; s3, conveying cocoons into a room; s4, high-temperature drying: after all the silkworm cocoons are conveyed into the drying chamber, continuously raising the temperature in the drying chamber and maintaining for a period of time; s5, low-temperature dehumidification: after high-temperature drying, reducing the temperature in the drying chamber, and discharging water vapor in the drying chamber by adopting a dehumidification pipeline; and S6, conveying the cocoons out of the chamber. According to the invention, high-quality fresh cocoons are sorted out by adopting classification and rejection treatment before drying, and then the temperature rise treatment of the drying chamber is carried out, so that the drying efficiency is improved. And the high-temperature drying and low-temperature dehumidification echelon drying treatment is adopted, so that the silkworm cocoons are dried more uniformly and thoroughly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silk processing, in particular to a drying method of silkworm cocoons.
Background
The silkworm cocoon comprises a cocoon layer and a silkworm chrysalis in the cocoon layer, wherein the cocoon layer is an important raw material in silk industry, and the aim of drying the silkworm cocoon is two, namely, evaporating the moisture of the silkworm cocoon to be beneficial to storage, and removing the moisture of the cocoon layer and the silkworm chrysalis in the silkworm cocoon to protect the good reelability of the cocoon layer, properly denature sericin and reasonably increase the resistance of the cocoon layer to boil silkworms so as to meet the requirements of silk-scouring technology.
However, the problems of unsmooth ventilation, uneven drying and the like of the silkworm cocoons can occur in the existing drying technology, and the final silk drying effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a drying method of silkworm cocoons to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a drying method of silkworm cocoons comprises the following steps:
s1, sorting and picking: classifying and picking the silkworm cocoons, and putting the silkworm cocoons with intact surfaces and the damaged silkworm cocoons into different containers;
s2, heating the drying chamber: starting a heating hot air circulating system to preheat the drying chamber;
s3, conveying cocoons into a room: after the temperature in the drying chamber reaches the specified preheating temperature, feeding the silkworm cocoons with the good surfaces into the drying chamber through a material conveying device;
s4, high-temperature drying: after all the silkworm cocoons are conveyed into the drying chamber, continuously raising the temperature in the drying chamber and maintaining for a period of time;
s5, low-temperature dehumidification: after high-temperature drying, reducing the temperature in the drying chamber, and discharging water vapor in the drying chamber by adopting a dehumidification pipeline;
s6, cocoon conveying and discharging: and taking out the dried silkworm cocoons from the drying chamber.
As a modification of the present invention, in step S2, the preheating temperature in the oven chamber is 30 ℃ to 50 ℃.
As a modification of the present invention, in step S4, the temperature in the oven at the time of high-temperature drying is 135 ℃ to 145 ℃.
As a modification of the present invention, in step S5, the temperature in the oven during low-temperature dehumidification is 100 ℃ to 125 ℃.
As an improvement of the present invention, in step S5, there is further provided a detection method for measuring a drying degree of silkworm cocoons, specifically comprising:
s51, installing a schlieren reflection system in the dehumidification pipeline according to the schlieren technology;
s52, selecting sample cocoons, obtaining first schlieren images captured by schlieren reflection systems of the fresh cocoons with different cocoon layer rates during different drying processes, and making a comparison chart;
s53, when drying, capturing a second schlieren image capable of reflecting the water vapor concentration in the dehumidification pipeline by the schlieren reflection system according to the actual drying effect;
and S54, comparing the second image with a prepared comparison chart to determine the drying degree of the silkworm cocoons.
As a modification of the present invention, in step S51, the schlieren reflection system includes a light source, a condenser lens, a collimator lens, a schlieren lens, and a high-speed camera whose center heights are kept uniform.
As an improvement of the invention, the specific steps of drawing the comparison chart comprise:
s521, selecting sample cocoons, uniformly mixing, removing leftover cocoons, and inspecting the average weight of granular cocoons and the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons according to a method for inspecting the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons;
s532, dividing the sample cocoons into a plurality of parts, putting the parts into different cocoon grids for first-time cocoon drying, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before drying to the first-time cocoon drying and preparing to be taken out of a stove, weighing, respectively calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons of each part of the sample cocoons, comparing the actual drying rate with the requirement of the process standard of the drying degree of the semi-dry cocoons, and adjusting the drying time according to the comparison result;
s533, putting the sample cocoons into the drying chamber again for drying and secondary punching, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before the secondary punching is prepared to be taken out of the oven, weighing, and calculating the actual drying rate of the dried cocoons of each sample cocoon respectively;
s534, calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons and the actual drying rate of the dry cocoons of each sample cocoon, and capturing the first schlieren image by a high-speed camera in a shadow reflection system;
s535, processing the acquired first schlieren image by filtering, calculating the average gray value after filtering, and making the cocoon layer rate, the actual drying rate, the first schlieren image and the average gray value of the fresh cocoons into a comparison chart in a one-to-one correspondence manner
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
A drying method of silkworm cocoons comprises the following steps:
s1, sorting and picking: classifying and picking the silkworm cocoons, and putting the silkworm cocoons with intact surfaces and the damaged silkworm cocoons into different containers;
s2, heating the drying chamber: starting a heating hot air circulating system to preheat the drying chamber;
s3, conveying cocoons into a room: after the temperature in the drying chamber reaches the specified preheating temperature, feeding the silkworm cocoons with the good surfaces into the drying chamber through a material conveying device;
s4, high-temperature drying: after all the silkworm cocoons are conveyed into the drying chamber, continuously raising the temperature in the drying chamber and maintaining for a period of time;
s5, low-temperature dehumidification: after high-temperature drying, reducing the temperature in the drying chamber, and discharging water vapor in the drying chamber by adopting a dehumidification pipeline;
s6, cocoon conveying and discharging: and taking out the dried silkworm cocoons from the drying chamber.
In step S2, the preheating temperature in the oven is 30 ℃ to 50 ℃.
In step S4, the temperature in the oven during high-temperature drying is 135 ℃ to 145 ℃.
In step S5, the temperature in the oven during low-temperature dehumidification is 100 ℃ to 125 ℃.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: according to the invention, high-quality fresh cocoons are sorted out by adopting classification and rejection treatment before drying, and then the temperature rise treatment of the drying chamber is carried out, so that the drying efficiency is improved. And the high-temperature drying and low-temperature dehumidification echelon drying treatment is adopted, so that the silkworm cocoons are dried more uniformly and thoroughly.
According to the drying method for the silkworm cocoons, the silkworm cocoons are dried more uniformly, and the drying effect is better.
As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, a detection method for determining a drying degree of the silkworm cocoon further includes:
s51, installing a schlieren reflection system in the dehumidification pipeline according to the schlieren technology;
s52, selecting sample cocoons, obtaining first schlieren images captured by schlieren reflection systems of the fresh cocoons with different cocoon layer rates during different drying processes, and making a comparison chart;
s53, when drying, capturing a second schlieren image capable of reflecting the water vapor concentration in the dehumidification pipeline by the schlieren reflection system according to the actual drying effect;
and S54, comparing the second image with a prepared comparison chart to determine the drying degree of the silkworm cocoons.
In step S51, the schlieren reflection system includes a light source, a condenser lens, a collimator lens, a schlieren lens, and a high-speed camera with a center height kept uniform.
The specific steps of drawing the comparison chart comprise:
s521, selecting sample cocoons, uniformly mixing, removing leftover cocoons, and inspecting the average weight of granular cocoons and the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons according to a method for inspecting the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons;
s532, dividing the sample cocoons into a plurality of parts, putting the parts into different cocoon grids for first-time cocoon drying, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before drying to the first-time cocoon drying and preparing to be taken out of a stove, weighing, respectively calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons of each part of the sample cocoons, comparing the actual drying rate with the requirement of the process standard of the drying degree of the semi-dry cocoons, and adjusting the drying time according to the comparison result;
s533, putting the sample cocoons into the drying chamber again for drying and secondary punching, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before the secondary punching is prepared to be taken out of the oven, weighing, and calculating the actual drying rate of the dried cocoons of each sample cocoon respectively;
s534, calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons and the actual drying rate of the dry cocoons of each sample cocoon, and capturing the first schlieren image by a high-speed camera in a shadow reflection system;
and S535, processing the acquired first schlieren image by filtering, calculating the average gray value after filtering, and making the cocoon layer rate of the fresh cocoons, the actual drying rate, the first schlieren image and the average gray value into a comparison chart in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows: when the drying degree of the fresh cocoons is detected, the method of judging by experience is difficult to master and is not scientific, and the detection is not accurate. The cocoon cutting detection mode is adopted, so that the detection cost is high, and the structure cannot be remedied even if the structure is detected.
Therefore, the embodiment provides a way of schlieren measurement to check the drying degree of the fresh cocoons. Specifically, the method comprises two main steps, namely a step of preparing a table by using the sample cocoons in advance and a step of drying the schlieren for comparison. The pre-sample cocoon tabulation refers to that before detection, first schlieren images captured by different baked schlieren reflection systems of fresh cocoons with different cocoon layer rates are made into a comparison chart. The drying schlieren contrast refers to that a second schlieren image which can reflect the concentration of water vapor in the dehumidification pipeline is captured through a schlieren technology in the drying process and is compared with a sum contrast chart, so that the drying degree of the dehumidification pipeline is obtained.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A drying method of silkworm cocoons is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sorting and picking: classifying and picking the silkworm cocoons, and putting the silkworm cocoons with intact surfaces and the damaged silkworm cocoons into different containers;
s2, heating the drying chamber: starting a heating hot air circulating system to preheat the drying chamber;
s3, conveying cocoons into a room: after the temperature in the drying chamber reaches the specified preheating temperature, feeding the silkworm cocoons with the good surfaces into the drying chamber through a material conveying device;
s4, high-temperature drying: after all the silkworm cocoons are conveyed into the drying chamber, continuously raising the temperature in the drying chamber and maintaining for a period of time;
s5, low-temperature dehumidification: after high-temperature drying, reducing the temperature in the drying chamber, and discharging water vapor in the drying chamber by adopting a dehumidification pipeline;
s6, cocoon conveying and discharging: and taking out the dried silkworm cocoons from the drying chamber.
2. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the preheating temperature in the oven is 30 ℃ to 50 ℃.
3. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, the temperature in the oven during high-temperature drying is 135 ℃ to 145 ℃.
4. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, the temperature in the oven during low-temperature dehumidification is 100 ℃ to 125 ℃.
5. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S5, there is also a detection method for measuring the drying degree of the silkworm cocoon, which specifically includes:
s51, installing a schlieren reflection system in the dehumidification pipeline according to the schlieren technology;
s52, selecting sample cocoons, obtaining first schlieren images captured by schlieren reflection systems of the fresh cocoons with different cocoon layer rates during different drying processes, and making a comparison chart;
s53, when drying, capturing a second schlieren image capable of reflecting the water vapor concentration in the dehumidification pipeline by the schlieren reflection system according to the actual drying effect;
and S54, comparing the second image with a prepared comparison chart to determine the drying degree of the silkworm cocoons.
6. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step S51, the schlieren reflection system includes a light source, a condenser lens, a collimator lens, a schlieren lens, and a high-speed camera with a center height kept uniform.
7. The drying method of silkworm cocoon according to claim 5, characterized in that: the specific steps of drawing the comparison chart comprise:
s521, selecting sample cocoons, uniformly mixing, removing leftover cocoons, and inspecting the average weight of granular cocoons and the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons according to a method for inspecting the cocoon layer rate of fresh cocoons;
s532, dividing the sample cocoons into a plurality of parts, putting the parts into different cocoon grids for first-time cocoon drying, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before drying to the first-time cocoon drying and preparing to be taken out of a stove, weighing, respectively calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons of each part of the sample cocoons, comparing the actual drying rate with the requirement of the process standard of the drying degree of the semi-dry cocoons, and adjusting the drying time according to the comparison result;
s533, putting the sample cocoons into the drying chamber again for drying and secondary punching, taking out the sample cocoons in advance before the secondary punching is prepared to be taken out of the oven, weighing, and calculating the actual drying rate of the dried cocoons of each sample cocoon respectively;
s534, calculating the actual drying rate of the semi-dry cocoons and the actual drying rate of the dry cocoons of each sample cocoon, and capturing the first schlieren image by a high-speed camera in a shadow reflection system;
and S535, processing the acquired first schlieren image by filtering, calculating the average gray value after filtering, and making the cocoon layer rate of the fresh cocoons, the actual drying rate, the first schlieren image and the average gray value into a comparison chart in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105387685A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-09 | 江苏富安茧丝绸股份有限公司 | Cocoon drying method |
| CN206371413U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-04 | 益阳龙岭黑茶有限公司 | A kind of tealeaves drying room with temperature and humidity regulation system |
| CN108302901A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-07-20 | 广州皇上皇集团股份有限公司 | A kind of cured meat and fish drying means and device |
| CN108679999A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-19 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of drying machine, device and drying machine |
| CN109115772A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-01 | 中国农业大学 | Temperature and humidity process control air drier machine vision on-line detecting system and method |
-
2021
- 2021-06-09 CN CN202110644280.XA patent/CN113375423B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105387685A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-03-09 | 江苏富安茧丝绸股份有限公司 | Cocoon drying method |
| CN206371413U (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-08-04 | 益阳龙岭黑茶有限公司 | A kind of tealeaves drying room with temperature and humidity regulation system |
| CN108302901A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-07-20 | 广州皇上皇集团股份有限公司 | A kind of cured meat and fish drying means and device |
| CN108679999A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-10-19 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of drying machine, device and drying machine |
| CN109115772A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-01 | 中国农业大学 | Temperature and humidity process control air drier machine vision on-line detecting system and method |
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