CN113375341A - Photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system based on non-azeotropic working medium - Google Patents
Photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system based on non-azeotropic working medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
- F25B41/34—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system based on a non-azeotropic working medium, which comprises a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a direct current power supply system and a photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency heat pump hot water system, wherein the solar photovoltaic power generation system is used for providing direct current power for the solar photovoltaic hot water system and the photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency heat pump hot water system, and can also supply power for low-power alternating current electrical equipment through an inverter; the solar photo-thermal water heating system is used for directly heating the water tank through the built-in coil pipe of the heat preservation water tank under a certain temperature condition; the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system can heat the heat preservation water tank by independently utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector or the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator, or simultaneously heat the heat preservation water tank by utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector and the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy utilization system, in particular to a non-azeotropic working medium based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system.
Background
The air source heat pump hot water producing technology is that refrigerant is evaporated in low pressure state to absorb heat in air, and the refrigerant is pressurized and heated in compressor before transferring the heat to water tank in heat exchanger. The technical performance of the air source heat pump for heating water mainly depends on the temperature of air in the environment and the heat exchange efficiency of the system, and in the hot water heating mode, the higher the outdoor environment temperature is, the better the heat pump performance is, otherwise, the lower the outdoor environment temperature can influence the hot water heating efficiency of the heat pump. The main advantages of the air source heat pump hot water making technology are as follows: the air source is easy to obtain and inexhaustible; a cooling water system is not needed, and the installation and the use are simple; no pollution to the environment. But the system performance is greatly affected by the ambient temperature.
The non-azeotropic working medium features no azeotropic point, and when it is evaporated or condensed at a certain temp., the gas phase and liquid phase have different components, from saturated liquid to two-phase region, until the evaporation is completed, its temp. is continuously changed. The pressure ratio can be reduced by using the non-azeotropic working medium, so that a single machine can be compressed to obtain lower evaporation temperature, and the capacity of a heating system is increased; non-isothermal heating is realized, power consumption is reduced, and heating efficiency is improved; make up for the shortage of using pure working medium.
The solar photovoltaic power generation technology is based on the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor, converts renewable energy, namely solar energy, into electric energy to be supplied to electric equipment for use, and has the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, good economy and the like, and the outdoor environment generally has better solar energy resources, so that the technology can be applied to an outdoor heating water system.
The solar photo-thermal water heating technology is to use the sun as a heat source and utilize the absorbed solar heat to heat water. Solar photo-thermal water heating technology is widely used in China, and a traditional device utilizing the solar photo-thermal water heating technology is a vacuum tube heat collector solar water heater.
In the prior art, a trough type solar direct expansion combined heat and power system (with the publication number of CN 111396272A) adopting non-azeotropic working media is disclosed, although combined heat and power can be carried out, the system uses a trough type solar heat collector, and the system has large floor space and is immovable. Moreover, the system uses a direct expansion type system, so that the working medium is easy to leak and difficult to maintain; the system heating capacity is influenced by weather, heating can not be carried out in the weather without the sun, and the reliability is insufficient. The solar energy and air energy dual-heat-source water heating system has the advantages that the solar energy and air energy dual-heat-source operation is highlighted, the performance is improved, the two heat sources are complementary in water heating form, the electric energy generated by the solar photovoltaic can be used for directly supplying power to the whole system, the system is more energy-saving and practical, and the outdoor medium and small sized water heating requirements can be met.
In summary, a water heating system which is reliable in water heating, good in energy saving performance, good in economical efficiency, good in practicability, free of emission and pollution and capable of running for a long time is needed in the outdoor environment, the domestic hot water requirement of outdoor personnel is met, and the life quality of people is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump water heating system suitable for outdoor use and using a non-azeotropic working medium, which meets the living hot water requirement of outdoor personnel on the premise of energy conservation, practicability and no pollution, and simultaneously provides electric energy for low-power alternating-current electric appliances of the outdoor personnel.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system based on a non-azeotropic working medium comprises: the solar photovoltaic power generation system can be used for providing direct current for a solar photo-thermal heating water system and a photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump heating water system, and can also be used for supplying power for low-power alternating current electrical equipment through an inverter; the solar photo-thermal water heating system is used for directly heating the water tank through the built-in coil pipe of the heat preservation water tank under a certain temperature condition; the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system can heat the heat preservation water tank by independently utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector or the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator, or simultaneously heat the heat preservation water tank by utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector and the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator.
Furthermore, the solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic module heat collector, a controller, a storage battery and an inverter, wherein the controller controls the power transmission and distribution among the photovoltaic module heat collector, the storage battery and the inverter; when the storage battery is in a saturated state, the controller disconnects the photovoltaic module heat collector from the storage battery and opens the connection between the photovoltaic module heat collector and the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system and the inverter; when the storage battery does not reach a saturation state, the controller opens the connection between the photovoltaic module heat collector and the storage battery; when the photovoltaic module heat collector cannot generate electric energy, the controller opens the connection between the storage battery and the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system and the inverter, and the controller is also provided with a manually controlled switch.
Further, the solar photo-thermal water heating system comprises a constant-pressure water tank, a heat collector direct-current water pump, a valve III, a valve IV and a heat preservation water tank; the controller is connected with the heat collector direct-current water pump through a wire, and the photovoltaic component heat collector, the constant-pressure water tank, the heat collector direct-current water pump, the valve IV, the heat preservation water tank and the valve III form a series loop; the photovoltaic component heat collector consists of a photovoltaic component and a back heat collector; the constant pressure water tank has the function of water supplement.
Further, the non-azeotropic working medium photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system comprises a solar panel type evaporator, a first electronic expansion valve, a first valve, a second valve, a sixth valve, a fifth valve, a seventh valve, an air-cooled evaporator, a second electronic expansion valve, an eighth valve, a direct-current variable-frequency compressor, a sleeve type condenser and a water tank direct-current water pump; the solar panel evaporator, the first electronic expansion valve, the valve six and the valve five are connected in series to form a first branch, the valve seven, the air-cooled evaporator, the second electronic expansion valve and the valve eight are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, and the non-azeotropic working medium evaporates and absorbs heat in the two solar panel evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator which have different evaporation temperatures and are arranged in parallel; the heat-preserving water tank is connected with the direct-current water pump of the water tank in series and then connected with the sleeve-type condenser in series to form a water tank loop.
Preferably, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve adopt a parallel connection mode to adjust the flow of the non-azeotropic working medium, and only when the first electronic expansion valve is opened, the heat pump operates in a single solar mode; when the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are opened simultaneously, the double-source mode heat pump operates; only the second electronic expansion valve is opened and the single air source mode heat pump is operated.
Preferably, a temperature monitoring element is arranged at the back of the photovoltaic module heat collector, and a temperature monitoring element is also arranged in the heat-insulating water tank; when the temperature difference between the photovoltaic component heat collector and the heat-preservation water tank is larger than a certain value, the direct-current water pump of the heat collector is started.
Preferably, the coil pipe arranged in the heat-preservation water tank is made of metal materials with high heat conductivity coefficient, and fin type fins and spiral type fins can be added.
Preferably, working media used in the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system are non-azeotropic working media, the non-azeotropic working media adopt R134a and R32, R134a and a chemical formula CH2FCF3 with the mixture ratio of 0.75/0.25, the critical temperature is 101.1 ℃, R32, a chemical formula CH2F2 and the critical temperature is 78.4 ℃, the non-azeotropic working media are high in condensation temperature and nonflammable, compared with other non-azeotropic working media, the evaporator is lower in icing risk and has higher COP.
Preferably, the pipeline for connecting the equipment is wrapped with heat insulation cotton.
Preferably, the direct-current variable-frequency compressor is driven by direct current, the rotating speed can be adjusted according to the temperature of fluid at the inlet of the plate-type evaporator, and the adopted storage battery is one of a lead-acid maintenance-free storage battery, a common lead-acid storage battery and an alkaline nickel-cadmium storage battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. excellent energy saving performance: the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal system is not required to consume energy, and the system supplies power to other electric equipment by using renewable energy solar energy, so that energy is saved;
2. the efficiency is high: the non-azeotropic working medium used by the heat pump can realize non-isothermal heating, temperature slippage exists during phase change, more heat is absorbed, the cycle efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the pressure ratio, the power consumption and the heating efficiency are reduced;
3. the reliability is high: the system uses double heat sources, and the stability is improved by various operation modes;
4. good practicability and long theoretical life: compared with the traditional heating water system, the heating water system fully utilizes solar energy, can run off the grid through solar photovoltaic power generation, is movable, and is convenient and practical;
5. the loss is less: the photovoltaic direct-drive heat pump is used, and can be directly driven by electricity generated by the solar photovoltaic module, so that the intermediate inversion loss is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
notation in the figure: the solar water heater comprises a photovoltaic component heat collector 1, a constant-pressure water tank 2, a heat collector direct-current water pump 3, a solar panel evaporator 4, a first electronic expansion valve 5, an air cooling evaporator 6, a second electronic expansion valve 7, a direct-current variable-frequency compressor 8, a sleeve type condenser 9, a heat preservation water tank 10, a water tank direct-current water pump 11, a controller 12, a storage battery 13, an inverter 14, a valve I15, a valve II 16, a valve III 17, a valve IV 18, a valve V19, a valve VI 20, a valve VII 21 and a valve VIII 22.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive dual-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system includes a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a solar photovoltaic hot water system, and a non-azeotropic working medium photovoltaic direct-drive dual-source variable-frequency heat pump hot water system; the solar power generation system utilizes the photovoltaic effect to provide electric energy for the whole hot water making system on one hand and can supply power for a low-power alternating current electric appliance through the conversion of the inverter on the other hand; the heat energy absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 is used for directly heating the water tank or becoming one of heat sources of the heat pump, and the system cools the photovoltaic component while utilizing the light and heat, so that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic component is improved; the air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged outdoors and heats the water tank by utilizing the heat in the air.
The solar power generation system comprises a photovoltaic module heat collector 1, a controller 12, a storage battery 13 and an inverter 14; wherein, the controller 12 controls the power transmission and distribution among the photovoltaic module heat collector 1, the storage battery 13 and the inverter 14; when the storage battery 13 is in a saturated state, the controller 12 disconnects the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 from the storage battery 13; when the storage battery 13 does not reach the saturation state, the controller 12 opens the connection between the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 and the storage battery 13; when the load side needs electricity, the controller 12 is connected with the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 and the heat pump or inverter 14; when the load side needs electricity, no solar energy or insufficient solar energy is available, the controller 12 is connected with the storage battery 13 and the heat pump or the inverter 14; the controller 12 also has a manually controlled switch.
The solar photo-thermal water heating system comprises a constant-pressure water tank 2, a heat collector direct-current water pump 3, a valve III 17, a valve IV 18, a heat preservation water tank 10, a controller 12 is connected with the heat collector direct-current water pump 3 through an electric wire, a photovoltaic module heat collector 1 is connected with the constant-pressure water tank 2, the constant-pressure water tank 2 is connected with the heat collector direct-current water pump 3 again, the valve IV 18 is sequentially connected, the heat preservation water tank 10 and the valve III 17 form a series loop, the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 comprises a photovoltaic module and a back heat collector, and the constant-pressure water tank 2 has a water supplementing effect.
In addition, a temperature monitoring element is arranged at the back of the photovoltaic assembly heat collector 1, and similarly, a temperature monitoring element is also arranged in the heat-preservation water tank 10; when the temperature difference between the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 and the heat-insulating water tank 10 is larger than a certain value, the heat collector direct-current water pump 3 is started, wherein the coil pipe arranged in the heat-insulating water tank 10 is made of a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient, fin type ribs and spiral type ribs can be increased, other parts of the pipeline need to be insulated, and the surface of the pipeline is generally wrapped with heat-insulating cotton.
The non-azeotropic working medium photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump hot water making system comprises a solar panel type evaporator 4, a first electronic expansion valve 5, a first valve 15, a second valve 16, a sixth valve 20, a fifth valve 19, a seventh valve 21, an air cooling evaporator 6, a second electronic expansion valve 7, an eighth valve 22, a direct-current variable-frequency compressor 8, a sleeve type condenser 9, a water tank direct-current water pump 11 and a heat preservation water tank 10; the solar panel evaporator 4, the first electronic expansion valve 5, the valve 20 and the valve 19 are connected in series to form a first branch, the valve seven 21, the air-cooled evaporator 6, the second electronic expansion valve 7 and the valve eight 22 are connected in series to form a second branch, the two branches are connected in parallel, and different working modes of the heat pump can be switched by opening and closing the valves; the non-azeotropic working medium evaporates and absorbs heat in the two solar panel evaporators and the air-cooled evaporators which have different evaporating temperatures and are arranged in parallel; the loop of the first branch and the loop of the second branch which are connected in parallel are connected in series with the direct current variable frequency compressor 8 and then connected in series with the sleeve type condenser 9 to form a heat pump loop, and the heat preservation water tank 10 is connected in series with the water tank direct current water pump 11 and then connected in series with the sleeve type condenser to form a water tank loop.
The first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 7 adopt a parallel connection mode to adjust the flow of the non-azeotropic working medium, and only the first electronic expansion valve 5 is in single solar mode heat pump operation when being opened; when the first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 7 are opened simultaneously, the double-source mode heat pump operates; the single air source mode heat pump operation is also enabled only when the second electronic expansion valve 7 is open.
The solar panel evaporator 4 import department is equipped with the temperature monitoring component, and direct current variable frequency compressor 8 passes through direct current drive, can adjust the compressor rotational speed according to solar panel evaporator 4 import department temperature variation and ambient temperature's change.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
during operation, place solar PV modules heat collector 1 in outdoor sufficient place of illumination, open controller 12 and heat collector direct current water pump 3, photovoltaic modules heat collector 1 absorbs solar energy and converts it into the electric energy and passes through the electric wire to be stored in battery 13, and battery 13 is when the power supply of heating water system, accessible inverter 14 provides the electric energy for other miniwatt interchange consumer.
When the temperature difference between the temperature of the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 and the temperature difference between the water in the heat-preservation water tank 10 reaches a preset value, the first valve 15 and the second valve 16 are closed, the third valve 17 and the fourth valve 18 are opened, the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 is connected with the water tank 10, and the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 directly uses absorbed solar heat energy for heating the water tank.
When the temperature difference between the temperature of the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 and the water temperature in the heat-preservation water tank 10 is reduced to a preset value, the third valve 17 and the fourth valve 18 are closed, the first valve 15 and the second valve 16 are opened, the heat output by the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 becomes a heat source of a heat pump through the solar panel type evaporator 4, whether the air-cooled evaporator 6 is opened or not is judged according to the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 and the ambient temperature, when the temperature of the photovoltaic component heat collector 1 exceeds the ambient temperature and reaches the preset value, the seventh valve 21 and the eighth valve 22 are closed, and at the moment, the single-solar heat-source working mode is realized. When the difference value between the temperature of the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 and the ambient temperature reaches a preset value, the seven valve 21 and the eight valve 22 are opened, and at the moment, the double-heat-source working mode is adopted. The non-azeotropic working medium is changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam after passing through the direct-current variable-frequency compressor 8, and then the high-temperature high-pressure steam transfers heat to a water tank in the double-pipe condenser 9. Then the mixture enters a first electronic expansion valve 5 and a second electronic expansion valve 7 respectively, and then is evaporated and absorbs heat at different evaporation temperatures in a solar panel evaporator 4 and an air-cooled evaporator 6 respectively; then the two working mediums are mixed and then enter a direct current variable frequency compressor 8; when the temperature of the photovoltaic module heat collector 1 is lower than a preset value, the first valve 15 and the second valve 16 are closed, the seventh valve 21 and the eighth valve 22 are opened, and at the moment, the single-air-source heat source works in a mode.
The system has multiple working modes, can heat hot water, utilizes renewable energy solar energy, has two functions of hot water production and power supply, has the advantages of good energy conservation, system practicability, reliable performance, good economical efficiency and the like, and can meet the requirements of outdoor medium and small sized hot water production.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Based on non-azeotropic medium photovoltaic directly drives two source frequency conversion PVT heat pump hot water system, its characterized in that includes:
the solar photovoltaic power generation system can be used for providing direct current for a solar photo-thermal heating water system and a photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump heating water system, and can also be used for supplying power for low-power alternating current electrical equipment through an inverter;
the solar photo-thermal water heating system is used for directly heating the water tank through the built-in coil pipe of the heat preservation water tank under a certain temperature condition;
the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system can heat the heat preservation water tank by independently utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector or the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator, or simultaneously heat the heat preservation water tank by utilizing the air heat absorbed by the photovoltaic component heat collector and the air heat absorbed by the air-cooled evaporator.
2. The non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump water heating system is characterized in that the solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic module heat collector, a controller, a storage battery and an inverter, wherein the controller controls power transmission and distribution among the photovoltaic module heat collector, the storage battery and the inverter; when the storage battery is in a saturated state, the controller disconnects the photovoltaic module heat collector from the storage battery and opens the connection between the photovoltaic module heat collector and the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system and the inverter; when the storage battery does not reach a saturation state, the controller opens the connection between the photovoltaic module heat collector and the storage battery; when the photovoltaic module heat collector cannot generate electric energy, the controller opens the connection between the storage battery and the photovoltaic direct-drive double-heat-source variable-frequency heat pump water heating system and the inverter.
3. The non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system is characterized by comprising a constant-pressure water tank, a heat collector direct-current water pump, a valve III, a valve IV and a heat preservation water tank; the controller is connected with the heat collector direct-current water pump through a wire, and the photovoltaic component heat collector, the constant-pressure water tank, the heat collector direct-current water pump, the valve IV, the heat preservation water tank and the valve III form a series loop; the photovoltaic module heat collector consists of a photovoltaic module and a back heat collector.
4. The non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source frequency conversion PVT heat pump hot water system is characterized by comprising a solar panel type evaporator, a first electronic expansion valve, a first valve, a second valve, a sixth valve, a fifth valve, a seventh valve, an air-cooled evaporator, a second electronic expansion valve, an eighth valve, a direct-current frequency conversion compressor, a sleeve type condenser and a water tank direct-current water pump;
the solar panel evaporator, the first electronic expansion valve, the valve six and the valve five are connected in series to form a first branch, the valve seven, the air-cooled evaporator, the second electronic expansion valve and the valve eight are connected in series to form a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are connected in parallel, and the non-azeotropic working medium evaporates and absorbs heat in the two solar panel evaporator and the air-cooled evaporator which have different evaporation temperatures and are arranged in parallel;
the heat-preserving water tank is connected with the direct-current water pump of the water tank in series and then connected with the sleeve-type condenser in series to form a water tank loop.
5. The non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve adopt a parallel connection mode to adjust the flow of the non-azeotropic working medium, and only when the first electronic expansion valve is opened, the heat pump operates in a single solar mode; when the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are opened simultaneously, the double-source mode heat pump operates; only the second electronic expansion valve is opened and the single air source mode heat pump is operated.
6. The non-azeotropic working medium based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable frequency PVT heat pump hot water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature monitoring element is arranged at the back of a photovoltaic assembly heat collector, and a temperature monitoring element is also arranged in a heat preservation water tank; when the temperature difference between the photovoltaic component heat collector and the heat-preservation water tank is larger than a certain value, the direct-current water pump of the heat collector is started.
7. The non-azeotropic medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coil pipe arranged in the heat-preservation water tank is made of a metal material with high heat conductivity coefficient, and fin type fins and spiral type fins can be added.
8. The non-azeotropic working medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump hot water system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the non-azeotropic working medium adopts R134a and R32 with the ratio of 0.75/0.25.
9. The non-azeotropic medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a pipeline for connecting equipment is wrapped with heat-insulating cotton.
10. The non-azeotropic medium-based photovoltaic direct-drive double-source variable-frequency PVT heat pump water heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the direct-current variable-frequency compressor is driven by direct current and can adjust the rotating speed according to the fluid temperature at the inlet of the plate evaporator.
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