CN102748894A - Absorption refrigeration system with built-in generating devices - Google Patents
Absorption refrigeration system with built-in generating devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748894A CN102748894A CN2012102713517A CN201210271351A CN102748894A CN 102748894 A CN102748894 A CN 102748894A CN 2012102713517 A CN2012102713517 A CN 2012102713517A CN 201210271351 A CN201210271351 A CN 201210271351A CN 102748894 A CN102748894 A CN 102748894A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses an absorption refrigeration system with built-in generating devices. The absorption refrigeration system is composed of a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber and a cooling water circulation pipeline. A first generating device is arranged between the generator and the condenser and comprises a first turbine and a first generator. An air inlet of the first turbine is communicated with a pipeline of the generator for outputting a gaseous state working medium, and an air outlet of the first turbine is connected with an air inlet pipeline of the condenser. A second generating device is arranged between the evaporator and the absorber and comprises a second turbine and a second generator. An air inlet of the second turbine is communicated with a pipeline of the evaporator for outputting a gaseous state working medium, and an air outlet of the second turbine is connected with an air inlet pipeline of the absorber. The absorption refrigeration system sufficiently uses heat energy and kinetic energy of gaseous state working media in the absorption refrigeration system and achieves a purpose of further saving energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power-saving technology, relate in particular to a kind of absorption system of built-in power generation device.
Background technology
The significantly raising of Along with people's living standard; Air-conditioner becomes the indispensable household electrical appliance of family gradually, uses traditional refrigeration modes on a large scale, causes the refrigeration demand of annual conventional high energy consumption to take the ratio that State Grid consumes and increases sharply; Cause power tense; Particularly the region following the line of the sea is because electric power in short supply, and the power failure phenomenon is serious, and it is very general to draw electricity to ration the power supply.Therefore, utilize the mode that other energy freezes then more and more to come into one's own.Absorption Refrigerator directly drives with heat energy, and it is few to have a power consumption, the advantage that low-grade solar energy capable of using, waste heat and used heat freeze.Therefore, obtained more and more widely application in recent years.The miniaturization Absorption Refrigerator has better market prospects in buildings such as villa, office, dwelling house.
Fig. 1 has introduced the principle of Absorption Refrigerator: absorption type refrigerating unit comprises: generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber.In generator,, the cold-producing medium in the solution is separated out, become gaseous refrigerant through heated solution; Gaseous refrigerant is condensed into liquid refrigerant in condenser, the heat that discharges in this process water band that is cooled; The evaporimeter that liquid refrigerant enters into low pressure becomes gaseous refrigerant, absorbs heat in this process, thereby reaches the refrigeration purpose; Low pressure, gaseous refrigerant enters into absorber, the concentrated solution of having separated out cold-producing medium in the generator is transferred in the absorber spray and goes out, thereby has absorbed the gaseous refrigerant in the absorber, feeds back in the generator after forming weak solution again.
Condensation becomes liquid refrigerant in the condenser yet the gaseous refrigerant that solution is heated in the generator of Absorption Refrigerator in the prior art needs in generator, to be input to after the output again.In this process, kinetic energy and heat energy that the cold-producing medium evaporation forms air-flow are not fully utilized, thereby cause energy waste.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of absorption system of built-in power generation device; Make full use of in order to provide a kind of that gaseous refrigerant is input to kinetic energy and the heat energy that forms air-flow in the condenser process by generator in the Absorption Refrigerator, reach the purpose of further energy savings.
According to embodiments of the invention; A kind of absorption system of built-in power generation device is provided; Comprise the absorption type refrigerating unit of being made up of generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber and cooling water circulating line, between said generator and the said condenser first TRT is set, said first TRT comprises first steam turbine and first generator; Wherein
The pipeline connection of the air inlet of first steam turbine and said generator output gaseous working medium; The gas outlet of first steam turbine links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of condenser, makes first generator for electricity generation that is attached thereto thereby the gaseous working medium of said generator output promotes the blade rotation of first steam turbine;
Be provided with second TRT between said evaporimeter and the absorber, said second TRT comprises second steam turbine and second generator,
The pipeline connection of the air inlet of second steam turbine and said evaporimeter output gaseous working medium; The gas outlet of second steam turbine links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of said absorber, makes second generator for electricity generation that is attached thereto thereby the gaseous working medium of said generator output promotes the blade rotation of second steam turbine.
The number of generator is at least 1 in the said absorption type refrigerating unit.
Further, said absorption type refrigerating unit comprises high-temperature generator, cryogenerator, condenser, evaporimeter and absorber, and first TRT is set on the conveyance conduit of said high-temperature generator and said cryogenerator.On the conveyance conduit between said evaporimeter and the said absorber second TRT is set.
Working medium in the said absorption type refrigerating unit is lithium bromide or the material identical with lithium bromide character.
The heater that is used for the concentrated solution in the generator is heated into gaseous working medium in the said absorption type refrigerating unit is a heat pump, and said heat pump is said generator heating through first heat supply pipeline.
Said heat pump comprises the first heat exchange pond, the second heat exchange pond, evaporator with heat pump, heat pump condenser;
The water inlet in the first heat exchange pond links to each other with the cooling water circulating line outlet of said absorption type refrigerating unit, and the delivery port in the first heat exchange pond links to each other with the cooling water circulating line import of said absorption type refrigerating unit;
Said evaporator with heat pump is arranged in the first heat exchange pond, is used for absorbing the heat of cooling water in the first heat exchange pond of flowing through;
The delivery port in the second heat exchange pond links to each other through pipeline with the water inlet of first heat supply pipeline, and the inlet port in the second heat exchange pond links to each other through pipeline with the delivery port of first heat supply pipeline;
Said heat pump condenser is arranged in the second heat exchange pond, is used for the medium release heat to the second heat exchange pond of flowing through.
Medium in the said second heat exchange pond specifically can be water, conduction oil, air.
Further, said heater is heat pump and direct-fired device or the combination that utilizes the heating plant of solar energy, and said direct-fired device or the heating plant that utilizes solar energy are said generator heating through second heat supply pipeline.
Said heater is provided with the heat supply pipeline change-over switch; Valve in said heat supply pipeline change-over switch and first heat supply pipeline and the valve in second heat supply pipeline are electrically connected; When being used to control the valve opening of first heat supply pipeline, the valve closing of second heat supply pipeline; Perhaps, when controlling the valve opening of second heat supply pipeline, the valve closing of first heat supply pipeline.
Said heat pump is electrically connected with first generator of first TRT or second generator of second TRT, and the electric energy of said heat pump work is provided by first generator or second generator.
Know by above, between the generator and condenser of absorption system, be provided with first TRT and second TRT between evaporimeter and the absorber.Through the gaseous working medium of heating concentrated solution generation higher temperature, the gaseous working medium of this higher temperature gets into first steam turbine in generator, and the blade in first steam turbine rotates under the promotion of higher temperature steam, generates electricity thereby drive first generator.In this process in the generator heat content of concentrated solution be converted into mechanical energy, and then be converted into electric energy.Second TRT then is to utilize the gaseous working medium in the evaporimeter to generate electricity, and just because the steam enthalpy of evaporimeter is lower, so its generating efficiency is less than first steam turbine.The electric energy that the present invention sent not only can be used to satisfy self electric energy needs can also be to other power devices power supplies.And absorption system is provided with two generators among the present invention, so just generating efficiency greatly.The heating plant that the heater of synchronizer adopts heat pump and the heating plant that utilizes solar energy to switch mutually, the fuel saving energy greatly.Therefore the present invention makes full use of the heat energy and the kinetic energy of gas working medium in the absorption system, reaches the purpose of further energy savings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Absorption Refrigerator operation principle sketch map of prior art;
Fig. 2 shows single-effective absorption refrigeration system cut-away view;
Fig. 3 shows double effect absorption refrigeration system cut-away view;
Fig. 4 be in the embodiment of the invention heat pump cut-away view;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of hybrid heating device in the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below with reference to accompanying drawing and enumerate embodiment, to further explain of the present invention.
When absorption system is the single-effective absorption refrigeration system, when promptly the number of the generator in the system was one, Fig. 2 showed single-effective absorption refrigeration system cut-away view.As shown in Figure 2, the single-effective absorption refrigeration system comprises the absorption type refrigerating unit of being made up of generator 201, condenser 202, evaporimeter 203, absorber 204 and cooling water circulating line (not marking among the figure).Between generator 201 and condenser 202, be provided with first TRT 1.First TRT 1 comprises first steam turbine 11 and first generator 12.Wherein, the pipeline connection of the air inlet of first steam turbine 11 and generator 201 output gaseous working mediums, the gas outlet of first steam turbine 11 links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of condenser 202.Between evaporimeter 203 and absorber 204, also be provided with second TRT 2.Second TRT 2 comprises second steam turbine 21 and second generator 22.The pipeline connection of the air inlet of second steam turbine 21 and evaporimeter 203 output gaseous working mediums, the gas outlet of second steam turbine 21 links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of absorber 204.
The refrigeration principle of absorption system is: at first with the heating of the concentrated solution in the generator 201, make the cold-producing medium evaporation form steam; Be input to then in the condenser 202, the medium that is cooled is condensed into refrigerant liquid; Cold-producing medium absorbs the heat in the system that is cooled and is excited into the refrigerant vapour under the evaporating pressure in throttling gets into evaporimeter 203, thereby reaches the effect of refrigeration.Get into absorber 204 with the low pressure refrigerant vapor in the finisher 203.Spray in the absorber 204 through the absorbent flow controller through generating process rest solution (high boiling absorbent and a small amount of unevaporated cold-producing medium) in the synchronizer 201, and absorb the low-pressure refrigerant vapor of coming out from evaporimeter 203 and return to original concentration.Wherein, the cooling water flow in the cooling water circulating line is through the condenser 202 and absorber 204 of absorption type refrigerating unit, for the condenser 202 and the absorber 204 of absorption type refrigerating unit are lowered the temperature.
In the prior art, just directly entering into condenser 202 after the refrigerant vapour after the heating is exported by generator 201 needs a large amount of cold water carry out condensation.Refrigerant vapour in the evaporimeter 203 directly gets into absorber 204.The present invention utilizes the refrigerant vapour of the higher temperature that is heated in the generator 201 in condenser 202 course of conveying, to form the kinetic energy of air-flow, promotes the blade rotation of first steam turbine 11, generates electricity thereby drive first generator 12.In this process, the heat content of concentrated solution is converted into mechanical energy, and then is converted into electric energy.The principle of generating electricity for first steam turbine, 11 drives, first generator 12 is a prior art, repeats no more here.The electricity generating principle of second TRT 2 is identical with the principle of first TRT 1, repeats no more here.Because the steam enthalpy of evaporimeter 203 is lower, therefore the generating efficiency of second TRT 2 is less than first TRT 1.Therefore, first TRT 1 among the present invention and second TRT 2 are realized making full use of heat energy.
When absorption system is economic benefits and social benefits or multiple-effect absorption system, when promptly the number of the generator in the system is at least 2.With the double effect absorption refrigeration system is example, and Fig. 3 shows double effect absorption refrigeration system cut-away view.As shown in Figure 3, the double effect absorption refrigeration system comprises high-temperature generator 301, cryogenerator 302, condenser 303, evaporimeter 304 and absorber 305.On the pipeline of cryogenerator 302 conveying high temperature refrigerant steam, first TRT 1 is set at high-temperature generator 301.Wherein, the pipeline connection of the air inlet of first steam turbine 11 of first TRT 1 and high-temperature generator 301 output HTHP gaseous working mediums, the gas outlet of first steam turbine 11 links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of cryogenerator 302.Pipeline between evaporimeter 304 and the absorber 305 is provided with second TRT 2 simultaneously.
The principle of double effect absorption refrigeration system is: solution heats in high-temperature generator 301 and generates part high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam, makes solution concentration.Solution pyrosol after concentrating enters into cryogenerator 302 after the cooling of high pressure heat exchanger (not shown); Thereby solution is made the cold-producing medium in the solution continue gasification generation low-temperature refrigerant steam by the refrigerant vapour heating from high pressure generator in cryogenerator 302; This moment, solution concentration further concentrated, and the solution after concentrating is sent absorber 305 back to after the cooling of low temperature heat exchanger (not shown); The refrigerant vapour that is produced by high-temperature generator 301 gets into condenser 303 after cryogenerator 302 coolings, the refrigerant vapour that is produced by cryogenerator 302 directly gets into condenser 303.These two strands of refrigerant vapours are condensed into low-temperature refrigerant in vacuum condenser 303; Send into the evaporation of cold boiler 304 mesolows after the low-temperature refrigerant throttling step-down; Steam after the evaporation is absorbed solution absorption in the device 305; Solution concentration is reduced becomes weak solution, makes the solution heat release on the other hand and lowers the temperature and reach the purpose of refrigeration.The kinetic energy that the refrigerant vapour that first TRT 1 utilizes high-temperature generator 301 heating to generate just produces drives the blade rotation of first steam turbine 11, generates electricity thereby drive first TRT 1.Compare with the single-effective absorption refrigeration system; Because the heat of the refrigerant vapour that high-temperature generator 301 produces and kinetic energy are all greater than the single-effective absorption refrigeration system, so the generating efficiency of double effect absorption refrigeration system first TRT 1 is greater than the generating efficiency of single-effective absorption refrigeration system first TRT 1.The generating efficiency difference of second TRT 2 in the double effect absorption refrigeration system in the generating efficiency of second TRT 2 and the single-effective absorption refrigeration system is little.
In the present embodiment, the single-effective absorption refrigeration system is KBr or the material identical with KBr character with the working medium that the double effect absorption refrigeration system is used.
In the single-effective absorption refrigeration system in the heater of generator or the double effect absorption refrigeration system heater of high-temperature generator 301 and cryogenerator 302 all can adopt heat pump.Heat pump is corresponding generator heating through first heat supply pipeline.Fig. 4 show heat pump cut-away view.As shown in Figure 4, heat pump comprises the first heat exchange pond 401, the second heat exchange pond 402, evaporator with heat pump 403, compressor 404, choke valve 405 and heat pump condenser 406.Wherein, compressor 404, heat pump condenser 406, choke valve 405, evaporator with heat pump 403 join end to end through circulating line 407 successively.The water inlet in the first heat exchange pond 401 links to each other with the cooling water circulating line outlet of absorption type refrigerating unit, and the delivery port in the first heat exchange pond 401 links to each other with the cooling water circulating line import of absorption type refrigerating unit.Evaporator with heat pump 403 is arranged in the first heat exchange pond 401, is used for absorbing the heat of cooling water in the first heat exchange pond 401 of flowing through.The delivery port in the second heat exchange pond 402 links to each other through pipeline with the water inlet of first heat supply pipeline, and the inlet port in the second heat exchange pond 402 links to each other through pipeline with the delivery port of first heat supply pipeline.Heat pump condenser 406 is arranged in the second heat exchange pond 402, is used for the medium release heat to the second heat exchange pond 402 of flowing through.Medium in the second heat exchange pond 402 specifically can be water, conduction oil or air.
The heating principle of heat pump is: absorb heat in the cooling water of evaporator with heat pump 403 from the first heat exchange pond 401, make the cold-producing medium in the heat pump be gasificated as gas.Gas after gasification is input in the compressor 404 through circulating line and pressurizes, and becomes high temperature and high pressure gas.High temperature and high pressure gas gets into heat pump condenser 406, and heat pump condenser 406 condensation liquefaction cold-producing mediums make cold-producing medium become liquid.The heat that discharges in the cold-producing medium liquefaction process is discharged in the second heat exchange pond 402; Medium after being heated in the second heat exchange pond 402 flow into second heat supply pipeline from the delivery port in the second heat exchange pond 402; After the generator of absorption type refrigerating unit carried out heat supply, the inlet port from the second heat exchange pond 402 was back to the second heat exchange pond 402 again through second heat supply pipeline.405 pairs of cold-producing mediums that flow out from heat pump condenser 406 of the choke valve of heat pump reduce pressure, and cold-producing medium becomes low-temp low-pressure liquid and gets into evaporator with heat pump 403 after decompression, thereby realize the circulation heating to generator.
Further, in the single-effective absorption refrigeration system in the heater of generator or the double effect absorption refrigeration system heater of high-temperature generator 301 and cryogenerator 302 also can be heat pump and the hybrid heating device that utilizes the heating plant of solar energy.Fig. 5 shows the structure chart of hybrid heating device.As shown in Figure 5; Heat pump is first heating plant 501; The heating plant that utilizes solar energy is that second heating plant, 502, the first heating plants 501 are the absorption type refrigerating unit heating through first heat supply pipeline, and second heating plant 502 is the absorption type refrigerating unit heating through second heat supply pipeline.The use of first heating plant 501 and second heating plant 502 is switched through heat supply pipeline change-over switch 503.Valve in heat supply pipeline change-over switch 503 and first heat supply pipeline and the valve in second heat supply pipeline are electrically connected.When the valve opening of first heat supply pipeline, the valve closing of second heat supply pipeline; When the valve opening of second heat supply pipeline, the valve closing of first heat supply pipeline.
The electricity that is sent by second generator 22 of first generator 12 of first TRT 1 and second TRT 2 can supply outside consumer to use, and can also be the consumer in the absorption system (like heat pump etc.) power supply simultaneously.
Know by above; No matter the present invention all makes full use of the heat content between the heat content between generator and the condenser, evaporimeter and the absorber in single-effective absorption refrigeration system or multiple-effect absorption system; Making it be converted into electric energy supplies the consumer of native system and other power supply units to use; The heater of synchronizer adopts heat pump; Because the electric power acting that heat pump only needs second generator 22 of first generator 12 or second TRT 2 of first TRT 1 to provide just can become high-quality thermal source with low-quality thermal source; Therefore the present invention makes full use of the heat energy and the kinetic energy of gas working medium in the absorption system, and does not consume other energy, therefore further realizes the purpose of energy savings.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention; Can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the absorption system of a built-in power generation device; Comprise the absorption type refrigerating unit of forming by generator, condenser, evaporimeter, absorber and cooling water circulating line; It is characterized in that between said generator and the said condenser first TRT is set, said first TRT comprises first steam turbine and first generator; Wherein
The pipeline connection of the air inlet of first steam turbine and said generator output gaseous working medium; The gas outlet of first steam turbine links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of condenser, makes first generator for electricity generation that is attached thereto thereby the gaseous working medium of said generator output promotes the blade rotation of first steam turbine;
Be provided with second TRT between said evaporimeter and the absorber, said second TRT comprises second steam turbine and second generator,
The pipeline connection of the air inlet of second steam turbine and said evaporimeter output gaseous working medium; The gas outlet of second steam turbine links to each other with the air inlet pipeline of said absorber, makes second generator for electricity generation that is attached thereto thereby the gaseous working medium of said generator output promotes the blade rotation of second steam turbine.
2. the system of claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of generator is at least 1 in the said absorption type refrigerating unit.
3. system as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said absorption type refrigerating unit comprises high-temperature generator, cryogenerator, condenser, evaporimeter and absorber; First TRT is set on the conveyance conduit of said high-temperature generator and said cryogenerator, on the conveyance conduit between said evaporimeter and the said absorber second TRT is set.
4. the system of claim 1 is characterized in that, the working medium in the said absorption type refrigerating unit is lithium bromide or the material identical with lithium bromide character.
5. like the described system of one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the heater that is used for the concentrated solution in the generator is heated into gaseous working medium in the said absorption type refrigerating unit is a heat pump, said heat pump is said generator heating through first heat supply pipeline.
6. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said heat pump comprises the first heat exchange pond, the second heat exchange pond, evaporator with heat pump, heat pump condenser;
The water inlet in the first heat exchange pond links to each other with the cooling water circulating line outlet of said absorption type refrigerating unit, and the delivery port in the first heat exchange pond links to each other with the cooling water circulating line import of said absorption type refrigerating unit;
Said evaporator with heat pump is arranged in the first heat exchange pond, is used for absorbing the heat of cooling water in the first heat exchange pond of flowing through;
The delivery port in the second heat exchange pond links to each other through pipeline with the water inlet of first heat supply pipeline, and the inlet port in the second heat exchange pond links to each other through pipeline with the delivery port of first heat supply pipeline;
Said heat pump condenser is arranged in the second heat exchange pond, is used for the medium release heat to the second heat exchange pond of flowing through.
7. system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the medium in the said second heat exchange pond specifically can be water, conduction oil or air.
8. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said heater is a heat pump and the combination that utilizes the heating plant of solar energy, and said to utilize the heating plant of solar energy be said generator heating through second heat supply pipeline.
9. system as claimed in claim 8; It is characterized in that; Said heater is provided with the heat supply pipeline change-over switch; Valve in said heat supply pipeline change-over switch and first heat supply pipeline and the valve in second heat supply pipeline are electrically connected, when being used to control the valve opening of first heat supply pipeline, and the valve closing of second heat supply pipeline; Perhaps, when controlling the valve opening of second heat supply pipeline, the valve closing of first heat supply pipeline.
10. system as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, said heat pump is electrically connected with first generator of first TRT or second generator of second TRT, and the electric energy of said heat pump work is provided by first generator or second generator.
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| CN103806956A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-05-21 | 苟仲武 | Improved absorption type heat-pump type steam extraction turbine power generation system and power generation method thereof |
| CN103868278A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-18 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system |
| CN106352592A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-25 | 上海交通大学 | Continuous adsorption refrigeration and power generation system |
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| CN106352592B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Continuous absorption refrigeration and electricity generation system |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |