CN103868278A - Low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system - Google Patents
Low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103868278A CN103868278A CN201410080263.8A CN201410080263A CN103868278A CN 103868278 A CN103868278 A CN 103868278A CN 201410080263 A CN201410080263 A CN 201410080263A CN 103868278 A CN103868278 A CN 103868278A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system, which consists of a low-grade energy driving absorption refrigeration module, a power generating module, an afterheat recoverer and an ejector. The low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system has the advantages that the refrigeration efficiency, the heat conversion efficiency and the system net power generating efficiency of the low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system are improved, peripheral equipment of the low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system is simplified, the stability and the reliability of the low-grade energy driving CO2 absorption type combined cooling heating and power system are improved, the efficient utilization of unstable and discontinuous low-grade energy is realized, and the foundation is laid in the efficient utilization of the low-grade energy in the absorption type combined cooling heating and power system.
Description
technical field:
The present invention relates to the CO that a kind of low-grade energy drives
2absorb cooling heating and power generation system, specifically a kind of cooling heating and power generation system using low-grade energy as driving heat source, belongs to refrigerating field.
background technology:
Along with social economy's sustained and rapid development, can discharge in process of production a large amount of used heat waste heats, its energy density is low, and traditional energy utilizes technology poor, therefore utilization ratio is low, will certainly cause energy waste and environmental pollution.In addition along with urbanization process is accelerated and people's living standard improves, air-conditioning equipment has become one of necessity of family, the refrigeration working medium of air-conditioning equipment adopts the conventional refrigerants such as freon mostly, defect aspect environmental problem shows especially day by day, 15% of the whole world for maintaining the electric power of air-conditioning system day-to-day operation, so effective exploitation natural refrigerant to and effectively utilize low-grade energy, especially low-grade energy is converted to the mode of electric energy for improving energy resource structure and environmental problem, there is very large society and economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The low-grade energy that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of energy-conservation, consumption reduction, environmental protection drives CO
2absorption cold cogeneration system.
Technical solution:
The CO absorption cold cogeneration system that low-grade energy drives, it is characterized in that, comprise that absorption refrigeration module, electricity generation module, waste-heat recoverer and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module refrigerant outlet to be connected with the refrigerant inlet of electricity generation module, the refrigerant outlet of electricity generation module is connected with waste-heat recoverer refrigerant inlet, and waste-heat recoverer refrigerant outlet drives refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module comprises: gas heater, decompressor and generator, gas heater refrigerant inlet is connected with the generator refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module, gas heater refrigerant outlet is connected with expander refrigeration agent entrance, and expander refrigeration agent outlet is connected with generator.
The absorption refrigeration module that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator, solution heat exchanger, absorber, evaporimeter, gas cooler, described gas cooler refrigerant inlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer refrigerant outlet, gas cooler refrigerant outlet is connected with dropping equipment refrigerant inlet, dropping equipment refrigerant outlet is connected with evaporator refrigerant entrance, evaporator refrigerant outlet is connected with absorber refrigerant inlet, the outlet of absorber cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium mother solution, the outlet of solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with generator cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, the outlet of generator cold-producing medium barren solution is connected with solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium barren solution entrance, the outlet of solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium barren solution is connected with absorber cold-producing medium barren solution entrance, pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium barren solution outlet and absorber cold-producing medium barren solution entrance is provided with control valve.
Described gas cooler is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, one tunnel is connected with ejector refrigerant the first entrance, another road is connected with evaporator refrigerant entrance, evaporator refrigerant outlet is connected with ejector refrigerant the second entrance, and ejector refrigerant outlet is connected with absorber refrigerant inlet.
Pipeline between described solution heat exchanger cold-producing medium barren solution outlet and absorber cold-producing medium barren solution entrance is provided with branch road, branch road is connected with ejector refrigerant barren solution the first entrance, ejector refrigerant the second entrance is connected with evaporator refrigerant outlet, and evaporator refrigerant entrance is connected with gas cooler refrigerant outlet.
Described decompressor is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, and two-way refrigerant outlet adopts the waste-heat recoverer refrigerant inlet that series system is connected to be connected with two respectively.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
Generator of the present invention, absorber, evaporimeter, gas cooler, solution heat exchanger, gas heater are heat exchanger, and heat exchanger is shell and tube, immersion or fountain, and the heat exchanger tube in heat exchanger adopts common tube or thermoexcell.
The CO that low-grade energy of the present invention drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system adopts with natural refrigerant CO
2for cold-producing medium, the refrigeration that ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid are absorbent absorbs working medium pair, wherein natural refrigerant CO
2can not impact environment, be a kind of good refrigeration working medium, CO
2in compression refrigerating system, study more as cold-producing medium.Can absorb CO when the low-temp low-pressure owing to being difficult to seek
2, when HTHP, discharge CO
2absorbent, therefore Chinese scholars is to CO
2absorbent refrigeration system research as cold-producing medium is little.Along with to absorb CO
2the further investigation of reagent, finds that ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid are to CO
2there is very high solubility, therefore for realizing with CO
2for cold-producing medium, the absorbent refrigeration system that the reagent such as ionic liquid are absorbent is laid a good foundation.
According to the cascaded utilization of energy principle of hot converting system, the present invention proposes one and be specially adapted to the CO that low-grade energy drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, adopt decompressor to do more expansion work, improve thermal conversion efficiency, utilize injector effectively to reduce decompressor outlet steam pressure, increase the absorption pressure of absorber, increased circulating ratio, the corresponding mechanical power consuming while having reduced circulating pump delivered solution, simplifies low-grade energy and drives CO
2the ancillary equipment of absorption cold cogeneration system, dwindles low-grade energy and drives CO
2the volume of absorption cold cogeneration system, has reduced low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the cost of absorption cold cogeneration system, has improved low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the reliability of absorption cold cogeneration system, has increased substantially low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the refrigerating efficiency of absorption cold cogeneration system and clean generating efficiency.The present invention is specially adapted to the CO that low-grade energy drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, for the efficient utilization of the low-grade energy such as solar energy, underground heat lays the foundation.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has:
1) the present invention is using low-grade energy as driving heat source, utilize cascaded utilization of energy principle, adopt decompressor to do more expansion work, improve thermal conversion efficiency, utilize injector effectively to reduce decompressor outlet steam pressure, increase the absorption pressure of absorber, increased circulating ratio, the mechanical power consuming when corresponding minimizing circulating pump delivered solution, has improved low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the clean generating efficiency of absorption cold cogeneration system and the COP of system.
2) the present invention has simplified low-grade energy driving CO
2the ancillary equipment of absorption cold cogeneration system, dwindles low-grade energy and drives CO
2the volume of absorption cold cogeneration system, has reduced low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the cost of absorption cold cogeneration system, has improved low-grade energy and has driven CO
2the reliability of absorption cold cogeneration system.
3) the present invention can efficiently utilize low-grade energy freezing, heating and the utilization of power field for refrigeration, heat and generating power processed, especially solar energy, underground heat equal energy source.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the CO that low-grade energy drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 structural representations;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 structural representations;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 structural representations;
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention 5 structural representations.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention 1, the CO that low-grade energy drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system basic structure schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 1, comprise that absorption refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5 and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module II refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module II refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets, and waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets drive refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module II comprises: gas heater 2, decompressor 3 and generator 4, gas heater 2 refrigerant inlets are connected with generator 1 refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module I, gas heater 2 refrigerant outlets are connected with decompressor 3 refrigerant inlets, and decompressor 3 refrigerant outlets are connected with generator 4.
The absorption refrigeration module I that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator 1, solution heat exchanger 9, absorber 8, evaporimeter 7, gas cooler 6, described gas cooler 6 refrigerant inlets are connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets, gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets are connected with dropping equipment 12 refrigerant inlets, dropping equipment 12 refrigerant outlets are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets; The outlet of absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution outlets are connected with generator 1 cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, generator 1 cold-producing medium barren solution outlet is connected with solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets are connected with absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances; Pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump 10, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with control valve 11.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
The present embodiment take natural refrigerant as cold-producing medium, ionic liquid [emim] [Tf
2n] for absorbent is illustrated, its specific works principle is summarized as follows:
The supercritical CO of overflowing from generator 1
2gases at high pressure, in gas heater 2, utilize low-grade heat source be heated to form high temperature and high pressure gas after decompressor 3 expands acting generating in subcritical state, externally heat supply in waste-heat recoverer 5, after gas cooler 6 is cooling, cold-producing medium utilizes spray thrower evenly to spray in evaporimeter 7 and at this evaporation endothermic after dropping equipment 12 throttlings, the CO of low-temp low-pressure
2gas (is contained cold-producing medium CO by the weak solution from generator 1 in absorber 8
2lean solution) absorb, emit heat, become and be rich in CO
2[emim] [Tf
2n] mix concentrated solution and pump into generator 1 through solution pump 10 and solution heat exchanger 9, become weak solution produce higher temperature refrigerant gas under the effect of low-grade energy after, carry out the circulation in lower cycle.
The above-mentioned generator of mentioning, absorber, evaporimeter, gas cooler, solution heat exchanger, gas heater, waste-heat recoverer are heat exchanger, heat exchanger is shell and tube, immersion or fountain, and the heat exchanger tube in heat exchanger adopts common tube or thermoexcell.
The effect of solution pump is to improve fluid pressure, conveying liquid, and solution pump is one of canned motor pump, magnetic force driving pump, membrane pump, centrifugal pump or gear pump.
Dropping equipment adopts U-shaped pipe, capillary or choke valve.
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the invention 2.In order effectively to improve the absorption pressure of absorber 8, increase cold-producing medium CO
2uptake in absorber 8, therefore injector 13 is placed to by the refrigerant outlet place of gas cooler 6 and evaporimeter 7, in order to improve the outlet pressure that leaves evaporator refrigerant, improves the COP of system with this.
As shown in Figure 2, comprise: absorption refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5 and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module II refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module II refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets, and waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets drive refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module II comprises: gas heater 2, decompressor 3 and generator 4, gas heater 2 refrigerant inlets are connected with generator 1 refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module I, gas heater 2 refrigerant outlets are connected with decompressor 3 refrigerant inlets, and decompressor 3 refrigerant outlets are connected with generator 4.
The absorption refrigeration module I that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator 1, solution heat exchanger 9, absorber 8, evaporimeter 7, gas cooler 6, described gas cooler 6 refrigerant inlets are connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets, gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets are connected with dropping equipment 12 refrigerant inlets, dropping equipment 12 refrigerant outlets are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets; The outlet of absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution outlets are connected with generator 1 cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, generator 1 cold-producing medium barren solution outlet is connected with solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets are connected with absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances; Pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump 10, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with control valve 11.
Described gas cooler 6 is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, one tunnel is connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium the first entrances, another road is connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium the second entrances, and injector 13 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
The above-mentioned low-grade energy of mentioning drives refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer and refrigeration to absorb working medium to identical with the described content in embodiment 1.
The present embodiment take natural refrigerant as cold-producing medium, MDEA amine liquid or MDEA+TETA mixed amine liquid is illustrated as absorbent, its operation principle is summarized as follows:
Cold-producing medium rich solution (is rich in CO
2mDEA amine liquid) in generator 1 heated (temperature range is at 70 ℃-100 ℃) be vaporizated into high pressure superheater state refrigerant vapour, as working gas enter in gas heater 2 by low-grade heat source be heated to form high temperature and high pressure gas after decompressor 3 expands acting generating in subcritical state, externally heat supply in waste-heat recoverer 5, point two-way after gas cooler 6 is cooling, one road cold-producing medium utilizes spray thrower evenly to spray in evaporimeter 7 and at this evaporation endothermic after dropping equipment 12 throttlings, another road is as the cold-producing medium of the above-mentioned branch road of main fluid injection, fluid-mixing after injector 13 pressurizations (is contained a small amount of CO by the cold-producing medium lean solution from generator 1 in absorber 8
2mDEA amine liquid) absorb, emit heat, the heat medium that is cooled is taken away, and becomes and is rich in CO
2cold-producing medium rich solution pump into generator 1 through solution pump 10 through solution heat exchanger 9, repeat above-mentioned circulation.
The above-mentioned generator of mentioning, absorber, gas cooler, evaporimeter, solution heat exchanger, gas heater, waste-heat recoverer etc. are heat exchanger, and dropping equipment is identical with the performance in embodiment 1 with solution pump.
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention 3.In order effectively to reduce decompressor outlet steam pressure, increase the absorption pressure of absorber, drive the clean generating efficiency of CO2 absorption cold cogeneration system and the COP of system thereby improved low-grade energy.
As shown in Figure 3, comprise that absorption refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5 and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module II refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module II refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets, and waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets drive refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module II comprises: gas heater 2, decompressor 3 and generator 4, gas heater 2 refrigerant inlets are connected with generator 1 refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module I, gas heater 2 refrigerant outlets are connected with decompressor 3 refrigerant inlets, and decompressor 3 refrigerant outlets are connected with generator 4.
The absorption refrigeration module I that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator 1, solution heat exchanger 9, absorber 8, evaporimeter 7, gas cooler 6, described gas cooler 6 refrigerant inlets are connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets, gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets are connected with dropping equipment 12 refrigerant inlets, dropping equipment 12 refrigerant outlets are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets, the outlet of absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution outlets are connected with generator 1 cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, generator 1 cold-producing medium barren solution outlet is connected with solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets are connected with absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump 10, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with control valve 11.
Pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with branch road, branch road is connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium barren solution the first entrances, injector 13 cold-producing medium the second entrances are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets are connected with gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
The above-mentioned low-grade energy of mentioning drives refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer, injector and refrigeration to absorb working medium to identical with the described content in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
The present embodiment is with natural refrigerant CO
2for cold-producing medium, NHD are that absorbent is illustrated, its idiographic flow is summarized as follows:
Cold-producing medium rich solution (is rich in CO
2nHD mixed solution) in generator 1 heated (temperature range is at 90 ℃-120 ℃) be vaporizated into high pressure superheater state refrigerant vapour, as working gas enter in gas heater 2 by low-grade heat source be heated to form high temperature and high pressure gas after decompressor 3 expands acting generating in subcritical state, externally heat supply in waste-heat recoverer 5, the cooling rear cold-producing medium of gas cooler 6 utilizes spray thrower evenly to spray in evaporimeter 7 and at this evaporation endothermic after dropping equipment 12 throttlings, driving fluid as injector 13 (is contained a small amount of CO by the part of refrigerant lean solution from generator 1
2nHD mixed solution) enter absorber 8 after injection, absorbed by another part cold-producing medium lean solution, emit heat, the heat medium that is cooled is taken away, and becomes and is rich in CO
2cold-producing medium rich solution pump into generator 1 through solution pump 10 through solution heat exchanger 9, repeat above-mentioned circulation.
The above-mentioned generator of mentioning, absorber, gas cooler, evaporimeter, solution heat exchange, gas heater, waste-heat recoverer etc. are heat exchanger, and dropping equipment, injector and solution pump are identical with the performance in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is embodiments of the invention 4.In order to improve the waste heat recovery rate of decompressor, decompressor 3 in electricity generation module II is selected two-stage steam-extracting type decompressor, utilize two series connection waste-heat recoverers 5 to reclaim the heat that expansion works at different levels produce, improved thermal efficiency of cycle, reduce the heat exchange area of gas cooler 6.Place injector 13 at the refrigerant outlet place of gas cooler 6 and evaporimeter 7, the absorption pressure that increases absorber 8 with this, improves the COP of system.
As shown in Figure 4, comprise: absorption refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5 and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module II refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module II refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets, and waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets drive refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module II comprises: gas heater 2, decompressor 3 and generator 4, gas heater 2 refrigerant inlets are connected with generator 1 refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module I, gas heater 2 refrigerant outlets are connected with decompressor 3 refrigerant inlets, and decompressor 3 refrigerant outlets are connected with generator 4.
The absorption refrigeration module I that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator 1, solution heat exchanger 9, absorber 8, evaporimeter 7, gas cooler 6, described gas cooler 6 refrigerant inlets are connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets, gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets are connected with dropping equipment 12 refrigerant inlets, dropping equipment 12 refrigerant outlets are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets; The outlet of absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution outlets are connected with generator 1 cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, generator 1 cold-producing medium barren solution outlet is connected with solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets are connected with absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances; Pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump 10, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with control valve 11.
Described gas cooler 6 is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, one tunnel is connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium the first entrances, another road is connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium the second entrances, and injector 13 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets.
Decompressor (3) in described electricity generation module II is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, and two-way refrigerant outlet is connected with two waste-heat recoverers (5) refrigerant inlet that adopts series system to be connected respectively.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
The above-mentioned low-grade energy of mentioning drives refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer and refrigeration to absorb working medium to identical with the described content in embodiment 1.
The present embodiment is with natural refrigerant CO
2for cold-producing medium, [bmim] [PF
6] for absorbent is illustrated, its idiographic flow is summarized as follows:
Cold-producing medium rich solution (is rich in CO
2[bmim] [PF
6] mixed solution) and in generator 1 heated (temperature range is at 280 ℃-300 ℃) be vaporizated into high pressure superheater state refrigerant vapour, enter in gas heater 2 and to be heated to form high temperature and high pressure gas by low-grade heat source and to expand after acting generating in subcritical state through the two-stage decompressor 3 that draws gas as working gas, a part of CO
2cold-producing medium expands to do work and enter externally heat release in a waste-heat recoverer 5, another part CO to low pressure subcritical state in decompressor
2working medium enters externally heat release in another waste-heat recoverer 5, CO be expanded to the supercriticality that pressure is lower in decompressor after
2working medium is point two-way after gas cooler 6 is cooling, one road cold-producing medium utilizes spray thrower evenly to spray in evaporimeter 7 and at this evaporation endothermic after dropping equipment 12 throttlings, another road is as the cold-producing medium of the above-mentioned branch road of main fluid injection, and the fluid-mixing after injector 13 pressurizations (is contained a small amount of CO by the cold-producing medium lean solution from generator 1 in absorber 8
2[bmim] [PF
6] mixed solution) absorb, emit heat, the heat medium that is cooled is taken away, and becomes and is rich in CO
2cold-producing medium rich solution pump into generator 1 through solution pump 10 through solution heat exchanger 9, repeat above-mentioned circulation.
The above-mentioned generator of mentioning, absorber, gas cooler, evaporimeter, solution heat exchange, gas heater, waste-heat recoverer etc. are heat exchanger, and dropping equipment, injector and solution pump are identical with the performance in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is embodiments of the invention 5, in order to improve the waste heat recovery rate of decompressor, decompressor 3 in electricity generation module II is selected two-stage steam-extracting type decompressor, utilize two series connection waste-heat recoverers 5 to reclaim the heat that expansion works at different levels produce, improve thermal efficiency of cycle with this, reduce the heat exchange area of gas cooler 6.In addition, export steam pressure in order effectively to reduce decompressor 3, increase the absorption pressure of absorber, drive CO thereby improved low-grade energy
2the clean generating efficiency of absorption cold cogeneration system and the COP of system.
As shown in Figure 5, comprise that absorption refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5 and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module II refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module II refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets, and waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets drive refrigeration module I refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
Described electricity generation module II comprises: gas heater 2, two-stage draw gas decompressor 3 and generator 4, gas heater 2 refrigerant inlets are connected with generator 1 refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module I, gas heater 2 refrigerant outlets and two-stage decompressor 3 refrigerant inlets that draw gas are connected, and two-stage decompressor 3 refrigerant outlets that draw gas are connected with generator 4.
The absorption refrigeration module I that described low-grade energy drives comprises: generator 1, solution heat exchanger 9, absorber 8, evaporimeter 7, gas cooler 6, described gas cooler 6 refrigerant inlets are connected with waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant outlets, gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets are connected with dropping equipment 12 refrigerant inlets, dropping equipment 12 refrigerant outlets are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets are connected with absorber 8 refrigerant inlets; The outlet of absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution, solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution outlets are connected with generator 1 cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, generator 1 cold-producing medium barren solution outlet is connected with solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances, and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets are connected with absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances; Pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber 8 cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump 10, and the pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with control valve 11.
Pipeline between described solution heat exchanger 9 cold-producing medium barren solution outlets and absorber 8 cold-producing medium barren solution entrances is provided with branch road, branch road is connected with injector 13 cold-producing medium barren solution the first entrances, injector 13 cold-producing medium the second entrances are connected with evaporimeter 7 refrigerant outlets, and evaporimeter 7 refrigerant inlets are connected with gas cooler 6 refrigerant outlets.
The described two-stage decompressor 3 that draws gas is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, and two-way refrigerant outlet is connected with two waste-heat recoverer 5 refrigerant inlets that adopt series systems to be connected respectively.
The cold-producing medium that described refrigeration absorbs working medium centering adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
The above-mentioned low-grade energy of mentioning drives refrigeration module I, electricity generation module II, waste-heat recoverer 5, injector 13 and refrigeration to absorb working medium to identical with the described content in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
The present embodiment is with natural refrigerant CO
2for cold-producing medium, [bmim] [PF
6] for absorbent is illustrated, its idiographic flow is summarized as follows:
Cold-producing medium rich solution (is rich in CO
2[bmim] [PF
6] mixed solution) and in generator 1 heated (temperature range is at 280 ℃-300 ℃) be vaporizated into high pressure superheater state refrigerant vapour, enter in gas heater 2 and to be heated to form high temperature and high pressure gas by low-grade heat source and to expand after acting generating in subcritical state through the two-stage decompressor 3 that draws gas as working gas, a part of CO
2cold-producing medium expands to do work and enter externally heat release in waste-heat recoverer 5 to low pressure subcritical state in decompressor, and another part enters externally heat release in another waste-heat recoverer 5, CO be expanded to the supercriticality that pressure is lower in decompressor after
2after working medium is cooling in gas cooler 6, enter dropping equipment 12, cold-producing medium after reducing pressure by regulating flow utilizes spray thrower evenly to spray in evaporimeter 7 and at this evaporation endothermic, (is contained a small amount of CO as the driving fluid of injector 13 by the part of refrigerant lean solution from generator 1
2[bmim] [PF
6] mixed solution) enter absorber 8 after injection, absorbed by another part cold-producing medium lean solution, emit heat, the heat medium that is cooled is taken away, and becomes and is rich in CO
2cold-producing medium rich solution pump into generator 1 through solution pump 10 through solution heat exchanger 9, repeat above-mentioned circulation.
The above-mentioned generator of mentioning, absorber, gas cooler, evaporimeter, solution heat exchange, gas heater, waste-heat recoverer etc. are heat exchanger, and dropping equipment, injector and solution pump are identical with the performance in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2.
Claims (7)
1. the CO that low-grade energy drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, it is characterized in that, comprise that absorption refrigeration module (I), electricity generation module (II), waste-heat recoverer (5) and refrigeration that low-grade energy drives absorb working medium pair, described low-grade energy drives absorption refrigeration module I refrigerant outlet to be connected with electricity generation module (II) refrigerant inlet, electricity generation module (II) refrigerant outlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer (5) refrigerant inlet, and waste-heat recoverer (5) refrigerant outlet drives refrigeration module (I) refrigerant inlet to be connected with low-grade energy.
2. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 1 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, it is characterized in that, described electricity generation module (II) comprising: gas heater (2), decompressor (3) and generator (4), gas heater (2) refrigerant inlet is connected with generator (1) refrigerant outlet in described absorption refrigeration module (I), gas heater (2) refrigerant outlet is connected with decompressor (3) refrigerant inlet, and decompressor (3) refrigerant outlet is connected with generator (4).
3. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 1 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, it is characterized in that, the absorption refrigeration module (I) that described low-grade energy drives comprising: generator (1), solution heat exchanger (9), absorber (8), evaporimeter (7), gas cooler (6), described gas cooler (6) refrigerant inlet is connected with waste-heat recoverer (5) refrigerant outlet, gas cooler (6) refrigerant outlet is connected with dropping equipment (12) refrigerant inlet, dropping equipment (12) refrigerant outlet is connected with evaporimeter (7) refrigerant inlet, evaporimeter (7) refrigerant outlet is connected with absorber (8) refrigerant inlet, the outlet of absorber (8) cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with the entrance of solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium mother solution, the outlet of solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium mother solution is connected with generator (1) cold-producing medium mother solution entrance, the outlet of generator (1) cold-producing medium barren solution is connected with solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium barren solution entrance, and the outlet of solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium barren solution is connected with absorber (8) cold-producing medium barren solution entrance, pipeline between the entrance of the outlet of described absorber (8) cold-producing medium mother solution and solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium mother solution is provided with solution pump (10), and the pipeline between the outlet of described solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium barren solution and absorber (8) cold-producing medium barren solution entrance is provided with control valve (11).
4. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 3 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, it is characterized in that, described gas cooler (6) is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, one tunnel is connected with injector (13) cold-producing medium the first entrance, another road is connected with evaporimeter (7) refrigerant inlet, evaporimeter (7) refrigerant outlet is connected with injector (13) cold-producing medium the second entrance, and injector (13) refrigerant outlet is connected with absorber (8) refrigerant inlet.
5. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 3 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, it is characterized in that, pipeline between the outlet of described solution heat exchanger (9) cold-producing medium barren solution and absorber (8) cold-producing medium barren solution entrance is provided with branch road, branch road is connected with injector (12) cold-producing medium barren solution the first entrance, injector (13) cold-producing medium the second entrance is connected with evaporimeter (7) refrigerant outlet, and evaporimeter (7) refrigerant inlet is connected with gas cooler (6) refrigerant outlet.
6. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 2 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, is characterized in that, the decompressor (3) in electricity generation module II is provided with two-way refrigerant outlet, and two-way refrigerant outlet is connected with two waste-heat recoverers (5) refrigerant inlet that adopts series system to be connected respectively.
7. the CO that low-grade energy according to claim 1 drives
2absorption cold cogeneration system, is characterized in that, described refrigeration absorbs working medium to comprising: cold-producing medium and absorbent, cold-producing medium adopts natural refrigerant CO
2; Absorbent adopts absorption refrigeration agent CO
2ionic liquid, NHD, amine liquid or mixed amine liquid.
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