CN113372656B - Environment-friendly, low-cost and high-performance railway brake pipe - Google Patents

Environment-friendly, low-cost and high-performance railway brake pipe Download PDF

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CN113372656B
CN113372656B CN202110604638.6A CN202110604638A CN113372656B CN 113372656 B CN113372656 B CN 113372656B CN 202110604638 A CN202110604638 A CN 202110604638A CN 113372656 B CN113372656 B CN 113372656B
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rubber
parts
layer
rubber layer
woven
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CN113372656A (en
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宋亚平
王亮燕
陶平
刘寅
段旭磊
康鑫
商成光
卢丽婷
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Nanjing Orientleader Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a general shape other than plane
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/12—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising natural rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/04—Arrangements of piping, valves in the piping, e.g. cut-off valves, couplings or air hoses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/18—Applications used for pipes

Abstract

The invention discloses a rubber material for preparing an inner rubber, an outer rubber or an intermediate rubber sheet of a railway brake pipe, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material, 3-5.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 60-120 parts of carbon black, 10-30 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5-2 parts of stearic acid, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of adhesive, 2-5 parts of sulfur and 1-2 parts of accelerator; the base material is one or more of ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, butadiene rubber and nitrile rubber. The invention also discloses a railway brake pipe, which sequentially comprises an inner rubber layer and an outer rubber layer from inside to outside, wherein 3 woven layers are arranged on the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer, and a middle rubber layer is arranged between the two adjacent woven layers; the inner rubber layer, the middle rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are all made of extruded rubber materials, and the woven layer is formed by weaving polyester threads. The normal temperature stiffness, low temperature flexibility, bursting strength, weather resistance and aging resistance of the railway brake pipe are all superior to those of a chloroprene rubber hose.

Description

Environment-friendly, low-cost and high-performance railway brake pipe
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rubber composite material processing, particularly belongs to the field of rail transit braking, and relates to a sizing material for preparing inner and outer rubber or an intermediate rubber sheet of a railway brake pipe, and an environment-friendly, low-cost and high-performance railway brake pipe prepared from the sizing material.
Background
Rail transit brake hoses are an important safety component of rail vehicle brake systems in which a compressed air medium is transmitted to deliver high pressure gas to the individual wheels and calipers to generate braking force. At present, the rail transit brake hose structure does: the inner layer is glued with chloroprene rubber, and the three-layer weaving layer is the vinylon line, has adhesive cement and middle glue between the adjacent two-layer weaving layer, and outermost weaving layer also scribbles adhesive cement simultaneously, and outer glue is chloroprene rubber. The inner layer glue and the outer layer glue are made of chloroprene rubber, so that the cost is high, and the supply is unstable. The braided layer adopts vinylon line, and is with high costs, and vinylon line resinification easily exists the risk of bursting during the vulcanization simultaneously. The hose totally uses two layers of middle glue and three layers of mucilage, which is not environment-friendly, and the production process needs a high-temperature drying tunnel, the energy consumption is high, the manufacturing cost is high, the manufacturing process is complex, the mucilage solvent is flammable liquid, toxic and harmful, and the danger coefficient is high. At present, the production efficiency of the hose is low, and the hose needs to be parked for a long time after being woven.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the conventional method for preparing a rail transit brake hose by using chloroprene rubber as an inner layer rubber and an outer layer rubber and using a vinylon wire woven layer, and provides a rubber material for preparing an inner rubber, an outer rubber or an intermediate rubber sheet of a railway brake pipe, which has low cost and excellent weather resistance and aging resistance, and the rubber material is used as the inner layer rubber, the outer layer rubber and the intermediate rubber sheet of the railway brake pipe and matched with a polyester wire woven layer, so that no rubber cement is needed in the production process of the rubber pipe, the production process is environment-friendly, the production efficiency is high, the risk of failure is low, and the service life of the rubber pipe can reach 10 years.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rubber material for preparing an inner rubber or an outer rubber or an intermediate rubber sheet of a railway brake pipe comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material, 3-5.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 60-120 parts of carbon black, 10-30 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5-2 parts of stearic acid, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of adhesive, 2-5 parts of sulfur and 1-2 parts of accelerator; wherein the base material is one or more of ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber, butadiene rubber and nitrile rubber.
Preferably, the rubber material for preparing the inner rubber, the outer rubber or the intermediate rubber sheet of the railway brake pipe comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material, 3-5.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 60-80 parts of carbon black, 10-30 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5-2 parts of stearic acid, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of adhesive, 2-5 parts of sulfur and 1-2 parts of accelerator.
Preferably, the base material is a combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer and natural rubber, or a combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer and butadiene rubber, or a combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber and butadiene rubber; further preferably, the base material is a combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer and natural rubber according to a weight ratio of 1.
Specifically, the ethylene propylene diene monomer can be selected from EPDM4045, the natural rubber can be selected from No. 1 smoked sheet rubber, and the butadiene rubber can be selected from butadiene rubber BR9000.
The anti-aging agent is one or more of anti-aging agent RD, anti-aging agent 4010NA and protective wax, and the combination of the anti-aging agent RD, the anti-aging agent 4010NA and the protective wax in a weight ratio of 1.5, (1-2) to 2 is preferred.
The carbon black is one or more of carbon black N550, carbon black N774 and natural gas semi-reinforcing carbon black, and preferably the carbon black N550.
The plasticizer is one or more of plasticizer DOTP, plasticizer DOS and plasticizer TP-90B, and is preferably plasticizer DOS.
The accelerant is an accelerant CZ.
The coupling agent is coupling agent silicon 69.
The adhesive is a combination of an adhesive A and an adhesive RS according to a weight ratio of 1.
The invention also aims to provide an environment-friendly, low-cost and high-performance railway brake pipe, which sequentially comprises an inner rubber layer and an outer rubber layer from inside to outside, wherein the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are provided with 3 woven layers, a first woven layer, a second woven layer and a third woven layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, a middle rubber layer is arranged between two adjacent woven layers, and a first middle rubber layer and a second middle rubber layer are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the inner rubber layer, the middle rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are all extruded from the rubber material, and the woven layer is woven from polyester threads.
The inner diameter of the railway brake pipe is 35-37 mm, and the outer diameter is 53-54 mm.
The thickness of the inner glue layer is 2.8-3.8 mm, and the thickness of the outer glue layer is 1.5-3 mm.
Each layer of braided layer is braided by using polyester wires dipped with isocyanate in a braiding mode of 36 spindles and 4 strands per spindle.
The specification of the polyester yarn is 1500D-4000D.
The weaving coverage rate of the first weaving layer is 75% -80%; the weaving coverage rate of the second weaving layer is 70% -75%; the knitting coverage rate of the third knitting layer is 65% -70%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rubber material has low cost, the price of the rubber material using the combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer and natural rubber or butadiene rubber or the combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer, natural rubber and butadiene rubber is more than half of that of chloroprene rubber under the same weight, and the weather resistance and the thermal-oxidative aging resistance of the rubber material are better than those of chloroprene rubber.
The invention uses the polyester thread, not only the cost is lower than that of the vinylon thread, but also the material stability is better than that of the vinylon thread, under the same specification, the strength of the polyester thread is higher than that of the vinylon thread, and the resinification risk is avoided in the vulcanization process.
The production process of the railway brake pipe only needs three layers of middle rubber sheets without using rubber cement, is environment-friendly, has simple process, does not need a drying tunnel, has low energy consumption, has higher bonding effect than the existing vinylon wire structure rubber pipe, and has more stable bonding performance.
The railway brake pipe has high production efficiency, and can enter the next procedure without parking after the rubber pipe is woven because no glue is adopted.
The normal temperature stiffness, low temperature flexibility, bursting strength, weather resistance and aging resistance of the railway brake pipe are all superior to those of a neoprene track traffic brake hose.
The service life of the railway brake pipe can reach 10 years.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a railway brake pipe of the present invention.
In fig. 1, 1-inner glue layer, 2-first woven layer, 3-first middle glue layer, 4-second woven layer, 5-second middle glue layer, 6-third woven layer, and 7-outer glue layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
TABLE 1 sizing formulations (parts by weight)
Figure BDA0003093748880000031
Figure BDA0003093748880000041
Example 1
The rubber material of the present example is prepared by the following method, as shown in table 1, in terms of raw materials and parts by weight:
step (1), introducing water into an internal mixer for cooling, controlling the temperature of a working chamber of the internal mixer to be not more than 50 ℃, adding a base material, an anti-aging agent RD, an anti-aging agent 4010NA, a protective wax 654, zinc oxide, stearic acid, white carbon black, a binder RS and a coupling agent silicon 69, and mixing for 30-60 seconds;
step (2), adding a plasticizer DOS and carbon black N550, and mixing for 3-5 minutes;
step (3), adding a vulcanizing agent (sulfur S), an accelerator CZ and a binder A, mixing, and discharging rubber materials after the temperature reaches 110 ℃;
and (4) moving the rubber material to an open mill for thin passing and sheet discharging, and cooling to room temperature.
Example 2
The raw materials and the amounts (parts by weight) of the compounds of this example are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3
The raw materials and the amounts (parts by weight) of the compounds of this example are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4
The raw materials and the amounts (parts by weight) of the compounds of this example are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The raw materials and the amounts (parts by weight) of the comparative example compounds are shown in table 1, and the preparation method is the same as example 1.
The properties of the compounds of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were examined using Table 2, as shown in Table 3:
TABLE 2 survey index
Figure BDA0003093748880000042
Figure BDA0003093748880000051
TABLE 3 sizing Properties
Figure BDA0003093748880000052
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, a railway brake pipe comprises an inner rubber layer 1 and an outer rubber layer 7 from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the inner rubber layer 1 and the outer rubber layer 7 are provided with 3 woven layers, a first woven layer 2, a second woven layer 4 and a third woven layer 6 are arranged from inside to outside in sequence, a middle rubber layer is arranged between two adjacent woven layers, and a first middle rubber layer 3 and a second middle rubber layer 5 are arranged from inside to outside in sequence; the inner rubber layer, the middle rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are extruded from rubber materials (shown in table 3), and each woven layer is woven by using polyester wires dipped with isocyanate and adopting a weaving mode of 36 spindles and 4 strands per spindle.
The preparation method of the railway brake pipe comprises the following steps:
extruding an inner rubber layer to enable the inner diameter of the railway brake pipe to be 36mm and the thickness of the inner rubber layer to be 3.3mm;
step (2), rubber tube weaving, wherein each spindle has 4 strands, 3 layers of rubber tube weaving are carried out, and 3 layers of rubber tube weaving are carried out simultaneously; the middle rubber sheet is simultaneously knitted with a rubber tube;
extruding outer layer glue to enable the outer diameter of the railway brake pipe to be 53.6mm;
step (4), vulcanizing the rubber tube: the vulcanization temperature is 150 ℃, and the vulcanization time is 60 minutes;
and (5) inspecting the rubber tube and warehousing.
TABLE 4 rubber pipe structure
Figure BDA0003093748880000061
The hose has the following properties:
TABLE 5 hose Properties
Figure BDA0003093748880000062
Figure BDA0003093748880000071

Claims (7)

1. A rubber material for preparing inner and outer rubber or an intermediate rubber sheet of a railway brake pipe is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material, 3-5.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 60-120 parts of carbon black, 10-30 parts of white carbon black, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 1.5-2 parts of stearic acid, 5-20 parts of plasticizer, 3-5 parts of coupling agent, 5-8 parts of adhesive, 2-5 parts of sulfur and 1-2 parts of accelerator; wherein the base material is a combination of ethylene propylene diene monomer and natural rubber according to a weight ratio of 1; the plasticizer is one or more of plasticizer DOTP, plasticizer DOS and plasticizer TP-90B; the adhesive is a combination of an adhesive A and an adhesive RS according to a weight ratio of 1.
2. Rubber compound for the preparation of inner, outer or intermediate rubber sheets for railway brake pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anti-aging agent is one or more of anti-aging agent RD, anti-aging agent 4010NA and protective wax; the carbon black is one or more of carbon black N550, carbon black N774 and natural gas semi-reinforcing carbon black.
3. Rubber compound for the preparation of inner and outer or intermediate films for railway brake pipes, according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anti-aging agent is a combination of an anti-aging agent RD, an anti-aging agent 4010NA and protective wax according to the weight ratio of 1.5 (1-2) to 2; the carbon black is carbon black N550; the plasticizer is DOS.
4. Rubber compound for the preparation of inner, outer or intermediate rubber sheets for railway brake pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: the accelerant is an accelerant CZ; the coupling agent is coupling agent silicon 69.
5. A railway brake pipe characterized by: the rubber layer comprises an inner rubber layer and an outer rubber layer from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the inner rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are provided with 3 woven layers, namely a first woven layer, a second woven layer and a third woven layer from inside to outside in sequence, a middle rubber layer is arranged between every two adjacent woven layers, and a first middle rubber layer and a second middle rubber layer from inside to outside in sequence; the inner rubber layer, the middle rubber layer and the outer rubber layer are all made by extruding rubber material according to claim 1, and the woven layer is woven by polyester threads.
6. The railway brake pipe of claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the inner rubber layer is 2.8-3.8 mm, and the thickness of the outer rubber layer is 1.5-3 mm.
7. The railway brake pipe of claim 5, wherein: each woven layer is woven by using polyester wires dipped with isocyanate in a weaving mode of 36 spindles and 4 strands per spindle; the specification of the polyester yarn is 1500D-4000D.
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CN114571800A (en) * 2022-02-14 2022-06-03 浙江铁马科技股份有限公司 Ultralow-temperature-resistant air brake hose and manufacturing method thereof
CN114940791B (en) * 2022-05-16 2023-09-22 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 Flame-retardant EPDM high-speed motor train unit air brake hose
CN114773855B (en) * 2022-05-19 2023-08-04 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 Flame-retardant silica gel hose for high-speed rail traction converter and preparation method thereof
CN115895128A (en) * 2022-11-17 2023-04-04 南京利德东方橡塑科技有限公司 Service life early warning railway brake pipe

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