CN113371844A - Combined substrate for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland and treatment system - Google Patents
Combined substrate for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland and treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113371844A CN113371844A CN202110803814.9A CN202110803814A CN113371844A CN 113371844 A CN113371844 A CN 113371844A CN 202110803814 A CN202110803814 A CN 202110803814A CN 113371844 A CN113371844 A CN 113371844A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2003/001—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage using granular carriers or supports for the microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined matrix and a treatment system for sewage treatment of an underflow wetland, wherein the combined matrix comprises a combined filler unit, an isolation unit and a hard filler unit which are sequentially arranged; the combined filler unit comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures, every two adjacent annular structures are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane of the annular structure is perpendicular to the central ropes, each central rope penetrates through the annular structure, and each central rope is connected with the multiple layers of the framework structures. The combined matrix organically combines the combined filler and the hard filler, can improve the organic load bearing capacity of the wetland on the premise of preventing the matrix filler from being blocked, and simultaneously improves the purification efficiency of pollutants in the wetland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of surface sewage treatment, in particular to a combined matrix and a treatment system for sewage treatment of an underflow wetland.
Background
The artificial wetland can be used for treating sewage, and the artificial wetland generally treats surface sewage by utilizing the synergistic action of physics, chemistry and biology. The subsurface flow wetland is an artificial wetland type which is adopted more frequently, and the subsurface flow wetland is an artificial landscape which takes hydrophilic plants as surface greening materials and sandstone soil as matrix fillers to allow water to permeate and filter naturally. The subsurface flow wetland can also be used for general sewage treatment, the bottom adopts natural gravels or adsorption type gravels with different grain diameters, the middle upper layer adopts natural gravels or adsorption type gravels with the first-order grain diameter, and the surface layer adopts a sand-covering or soil-covering form to plant hydrophilic surface greening plants. The surface of the substrate filler and the plant root system form a biological film due to the growth of a large number of microorganisms, when wastewater flows through the biological film, a large number of suspended matters are blocked and intercepted by the filler and the plant root system, and organic pollutants are degraded and removed through the biological film, so that the sewage is purified under the combined action of the plant root system and the substrate filler.
The substrate filler in the artificial wetland is a foundation for providing physical support for plant roots, and simultaneously provides a reaction area for pollutants in the sewage and provides a growing environment for various microorganisms in the sewage, so that the substrate filler in the artificial wetland has important influence on the quality of effluent water after sewage treatment. The traditional artificial wetland matrix filler is mainly a hard matrix filler, and comprises soil, gravels, zeolite, limestone, shale, plastics, coal ash, slag, steel slag and the like, and the hard matrix filler can perform filtering, precipitating, adsorbing and flocculating effects on sewage, and can effectively remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and metal ions in the sewage. However, the hard matrix filler is relatively fixed, so that the hard matrix filler has limitations, and under the condition of a relatively large pollution load, a biological film formed on the surface of the matrix filler and a plant root system can grow and fall off in a large quantity, so that the pores of the matrix filler are easily blocked, and the sewage treatment capacity of the artificial wetland sewage treatment system is remarkably reduced. In addition, the organic pollutant load bearing capacity of the sewage treatment system in the existing artificial wetland is limited, and when the pollution load is large or the sewage flow is large, the structure of the treatment system is easy to be damaged and blocked, so that the sewage purification efficiency is reduced.
The invention is provided in view of the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined matrix for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland, which organically combines a combined filler and a hard filler, can improve the organic load bearing capacity of the wetland and improve the purification efficiency of pollutants in the wetland on the premise of preventing the blockage of the filler of the matrix, improves the bearing range of the organic pollutants by 20 percent and the degradation efficiency of the organic pollutants by 10 percent, and can be suitable for the condition of large organic pollution load of the wetland.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a subsurface wetland sewage treatment system, which combines the combined substrate and the planting layer to effectively improve the surface sewage treatment capacity of the wetland.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a combined matrix for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland comprises a combined filler unit, an isolation unit and a hard filler unit which are sequentially arranged;
the combined filler unit comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures, every two adjacent annular structures are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane of the annular structure is perpendicular to the central ropes, each central rope penetrates through the annular structure, and each central rope is connected with the multiple layers of framework structures. The multi-layer framework structure in the combined packing unit and a plurality of central ropes vertical to the framework structure form a cage-shaped structure together.
The combined matrix organically combines the combined filler unit consisting of the semi-soft filler with the hard filler unit for use, wherein the combined filler unit is provided with a cage-shaped structure consisting of a plurality of layers of framework structures and a plurality of central ropes, so that the cage-shaped structure has a larger specific surface area, can provide a larger growth environment for microorganisms while intercepting water pollutants, is beneficial to the degradation of the microorganisms on the organic pollutants, and can be in a variable state when the pollution load is larger, so that the semi-soft cage-shaped structure can be circulated up and down, left and right, so that the structural deformation caused by water flow is relieved, the influence of water power on the cage-shaped structure is reduced, and the blockage of the gap caused by the larger pollution load is effectively avoided; the sewage treated by the combined filler unit passes through the isolation unit and then enters the hard filler unit, and organic pollutants in the sewage are further removed by the hard filler unit, so that the aim of purifying the sewage is fulfilled.
Furthermore, a plurality of radial fiber bundles extending to the center far away from the annular structure are connected to the annular structure; the radial fiber bundles are not easy to bond, so that a growth environment is provided for microorganisms, and when the pollution load is large, the radial fiber bundles freely move when being impacted by water power and are in a shaking state, so that the blockage of the pores of the combined filler unit is effectively avoided;
preferably, the fiber bundle is fiber yarn or polyester yarn;
furthermore, each annular structure is a multilayer annular structure, a support structure is arranged in each inner ring of the multilayer annular structure, and a sleeve is sleeved on each central rope; the plurality of central ropes respectively vertically penetrate through the centers of the supporting structures at corresponding positions in the multilayer framework structure, and the supporting structures are fixed on the central ropes through sleeves.
Further, the support structure extends from the inner ring to the outer ring, and fixedly connects the multi-layer rings of the multi-layer ring structure.
Further, the ring structures in the framework structures of the adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode. The dislocation of the annular structure is more favorable for the stability of the cage-shaped structure, and the structural deformation caused by large water flow is slowed down.
Further, the multilayer annular structure is a double-layer concentric ring.
Further, the supporting structure is a snowflake-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the central rope, the annular structure and the supporting structure are all made of plastic materials.
Further, the volume ratio of the combined filler unit to the hard filler unit is (1-3): 2; the adoption of the volume ratio is beneficial to the degradation of water body pollutants.
Further, the isolation unit comprises a layer of isolation plate with holes and an isolation net; the porous isolation plate is arranged on one side adjacent to the combined filler unit, and the isolation net is arranged on one side adjacent to the hard filler unit. The isolation unit effectively prevents solid filler particles of the hard filler unit from entering the combined filler unit, the isolation plate with the hole is arranged on one side adjacent to the combined filler unit, the water body can conveniently enter the hard filler unit from the combined filler unit, and the isolation net is arranged on one side adjacent to the hard filler unit and is provided with the hole for preventing the hard filler from falling and blocking the isolation plate.
Furthermore, the isolating plate with the holes is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the isolating net is made of a stainless steel plate net.
Furthermore, a plurality of hard filler layers are arranged in the hard filler unit, and the particle size of the hard filler in the hard filler layers is gradually increased from large to small from one side close to the isolation unit;
preferably, the hard filler contains an alkaline filler; the alkaline filler is alkaline, can release a part of ions, and reacts with a large amount of metal ions in the water body to form precipitates, so that sewage can be better purified.
Further, the hard filler layer is 2-4 layers;
further, the particle size of the hard filler in the hard filler layer is 2-25 mm;
further, the hard filler is any of crushed stone, coarse sand, gravel, limestone, ceramsite, zeolite or steel slag;
the level of the hard filler in the hard filler unit, the type and the particle size of each layer of hard filler are all set according to the current situation of the water body.
A subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system comprises the combined matrix, wherein a planting layer is arranged at the top end of the hard filler unit, and plants with the degradation performance on sewage are planted in the planting layer;
sewage flows in from the combined filler unit, flows through the isolation unit and the hard filler unit and then flows into the planting layer.
The subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system is used in a wetland, the front end of the wetland is provided with an adjusting tank, the height of the adjusting tank is higher than that of the wetland, sewage firstly enters the adjusting tank, enters the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system through the bottom end of the adjusting tank, and then flows into a surface flow wetland, a stabilization pond and the like for subsequent treatment after being treated by the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system.
The principle of the combined matrix for purifying sewage is as follows:
the sewage firstly enters the combined filler unit, the microorganisms in the combined filler unit degrade pollutants in the sewage, and meanwhile, the pollutants in the sewage are intercepted by a cage-shaped structure formed by a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes vertical to the framework structure. When the pollution load is large, the radial fiber bundles can freely move when being impacted by hydraulic power and are in a shaking state, gaps of the cage-shaped structure cannot be blocked, the gaps of the semi-soft cage-shaped structure are in a variable state and can be circulated up, down, left and right, structural deformation caused by water flow is relieved, the influence of the hydraulic power on the fiber bundles is reduced, and the blockage of the gaps caused by the large pollution load is also effectively avoided;
when the sewage is primarily purified by the combined filler unit, the sewage enters the hard filler unit for further purification after passing through the isolation unit, the particle size of pollutant particles in the sewage primarily purified by the combined filler unit is reduced, the concentration of high-molecular organic pollutants is reduced, but the concentration of intermediate products is increased, the hard filler in the hard filler unit has high porosity, and various sites on the surface of the hard filler can enable pollutants and microorganisms to be attached to the hard filler, so that the pollutants are adsorbed and degraded; meanwhile, the partially alkaline hard filler can release partial ions to perform chemical reaction with pollutants, so that the pollutants are promoted to be precipitated, and the sewage is further purified.
According to the invention, the subsurface flow wetland with the combined matrix of the combined filler unit and the hard filler unit is adopted to treat the surface sewage sequentially through the purification of the combined filler unit and the further purification of the hard filler unit, so that the gap blockage caused by a large pollution load is effectively avoided, the pollutants in the sewage are effectively removed, and the purpose of purifying the sewage is achieved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the combined matrix organically combines the combined filler unit consisting of the semi-soft filler with the hard filler unit for use, wherein the combined filler unit is provided with a cage-shaped structure consisting of a plurality of layers of framework structures and a plurality of central ropes, so that the cage-shaped structure has a larger specific surface area, can provide a larger growth environment for microorganisms while intercepting water pollutants, is beneficial to the degradation of the microorganisms on the organic pollutants, and can be in a variable state when the pollution load is larger, so that the semi-soft cage-shaped structure can be circulated up and down, left and right, so that the structural deformation caused by water flow is relieved, the influence of water power on the cage-shaped structure is reduced, and the blockage of the gap caused by the larger pollution load is effectively avoided; the sewage treated by the combined filler unit passes through the isolation unit and then enters the hard filler unit, and organic pollutants in the sewage are further removed by the hard filler unit, so that the aim of purifying the sewage is fulfilled.
(2) The radial fiber bundles on the annular structure are not easy to bond, so that a growth environment is provided for microorganisms, and when the pollution load is large, the radial fiber bundles can freely move when being impacted by water power and are in a shaking state, so that the blockage of the pores of the combined filler unit is effectively avoided; the cage-shaped structure formed by the multilayer framework structure and the plurality of central ropes has the advantages of large specific surface area, high utilization rate and variable and non-blocking gaps, and effectively solves the problems that the central ropes are easy to break, fiber bundles are easy to agglomerate and the like. In addition, the supporting structure arranged in the annular structure can stabilize the annular structure, so that the biofilm culturing is facilitated.
(3) The arrangement of the isolation unit effectively prevents solid filler particles of the hard filler unit from entering the combined filler unit, the isolation plate with the holes is arranged at one side adjacent to the combined filler unit, so that water can enter the hard filler unit from the combined filler unit, and the isolation net is arranged at one side adjacent to the hard filler unit and is provided with the holes for preventing the hard filler from falling and blocking the isolation plate.
(4) The hard filler in the multi-layer hard filler layer has larger porosity, and various sites on the surface of the hard filler can enable pollutants and microorganisms to be attached to the hard filler, so that the pollutants are adsorbed and degraded; meanwhile, the partially alkaline hard filler can release partial ions to perform chemical reaction with pollutants, so that the pollutants are promoted to be precipitated, and the pollutants in the sewage are effectively removed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a composite substrate in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a cage-like structure consisting of a plurality of layers of skeleton structures and a plurality of central ropes in a combined packing unit according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cage-like structure composed of a plurality of layers of skeleton structures and a plurality of central ropes in a combined packing unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the combined filling unit comprises a combined filling unit 2, an isolation unit 3, a hard filling unit 4, a planting layer 5, an annular structure 6, a central rope 7, a support structure 8 and a fiber bundle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
A combined matrix for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland comprises a combined filler unit 1, an isolation unit 2 and a hard filler unit 3 which are sequentially arranged;
the combined packing unit 1 comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes 6 which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of the framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures 5, every two adjacent annular structures 5 are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures 5 and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane of the annular structure 5 is perpendicular to the central ropes 6, each central rope 6 penetrates through the annular structure 5, and each central rope 6 is connected with the multiple layers of the framework structures. The multi-layer framework structure in the combined packing unit and a plurality of central ropes vertical to the framework structure form a cage-shaped structure together.
The combined matrix organically combines the combined filler unit consisting of the semi-soft filler with the hard filler unit for use, wherein the combined filler unit is provided with a cage-shaped structure consisting of a plurality of layers of framework structures and a plurality of central ropes, so that the cage-shaped structure has a larger specific surface area, can provide a larger growth environment for microorganisms while intercepting water pollutants, is beneficial to the degradation of the microorganisms on the organic pollutants, and can be in a variable state when the pollution load is larger, so that the semi-soft cage-shaped structure can be circulated up and down, left and right, so that the structural deformation caused by water flow is relieved, the influence of water power on the cage-shaped structure is reduced, and the blockage of the gap caused by the larger pollution load is effectively avoided; the sewage treated by the combined filler unit passes through the isolation unit and then enters the hard filler unit, and organic pollutants in the sewage are further removed by the hard filler unit, so that the aim of purifying the sewage is fulfilled.
Furthermore, the annular structure 5 is connected with a plurality of radial fiber bundles 8 which extend to the center far away from the annular structure 5; the radial fiber bundles are not easy to bond, so that a growth environment is provided for microorganisms, and when the pollution load is large, the radial fiber bundles freely move when being impacted by water power and are in a shaking state, so that the blockage of the pores of the combined filler unit is effectively avoided;
preferably, the fiber bundle is fiber yarn or polyester yarn;
furthermore, each annular structure 5 is a multilayer annular structure, a support structure 7 is arranged in each inner ring of the multilayer annular structure, and a sleeve is sleeved on each central rope 6; the central ropes 6 vertically penetrate through the centers of the supporting structures 7 at corresponding positions in the multilayer framework structure respectively, and the supporting structures 7 are fixed on the central ropes 6 through sleeves.
Further, the support structure 7 extends from the inner ring to the outer ring, fixedly connecting the multi-layer rings of the multi-layer ring structure.
Further, the ring structures 5 in the framework structures of adjacent layers are arranged in a staggered mode. The dislocation of the annular structure is more favorable for the stability of the cage-shaped structure, and the structural deformation caused by large water flow is slowed down.
Further, the multilayer annular structure is a double-layer concentric ring.
Further, the supporting structure is a snowflake-shaped structure.
Furthermore, the central rope, the annular structure and the supporting structure are all made of plastic materials.
Further, the volume ratio of the combined filler unit 1 to the hard filler unit 3 is (1-3): 2. the adoption of the volume ratio is beneficial to the degradation of water body pollutants.
Further, the isolation unit 2 comprises a layer of isolation plate with pores and an isolation net; the porous isolation plate is arranged at one side adjacent to the combined filler unit 1, and the isolation net is arranged at one side adjacent to the hard filler unit 3. The isolation unit effectively prevents solid filler particles of the hard filler unit from entering the combined filler unit, the isolation plate with the hole is arranged on one side adjacent to the combined filler unit, the water body can conveniently enter the hard filler unit from the combined filler unit, and the isolation net is arranged on one side adjacent to the hard filler unit and is provided with the hole for preventing the hard filler from falling and blocking the isolation plate.
Furthermore, the isolating plate with the holes is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the isolating net is made of a stainless steel plate net.
Furthermore, a plurality of hard filler layers are arranged in the hard filler unit 3, and the particle sizes of the hard fillers in the plurality of hard filler layers are gradually arranged from large to small from one side close to the isolation unit 2;
preferably, the hard filler contains an alkaline filler; the alkaline filler is alkaline, can release a part of ions, and reacts with a large amount of metal ions in the water body to form precipitates, so that sewage can be better purified.
Further, the hard filler layer is 2-4 layers;
further, the particle size of the hard filler in the hard filler layer is 2-25 mm;
further, the hard filler is any of crushed stone, coarse sand, gravel, limestone, ceramsite, zeolite or steel slag;
a subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system comprises the combined matrix, wherein a planting layer 4 is arranged at the top end of the hard filler unit 3, and plants with degradation performance on sewage are planted in the planting layer 4;
the sewage flows in from the combined filler unit 1, flows through the isolation unit 2 and the hard filler unit 3, and then flows into the planting layer 4.
Example 1
A subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system comprises a combined matrix, wherein a planting layer 4 is arranged at the top end of a hard filler unit 3, and plants with the degradation performance on sewage are planted in the planting layer 4; the sewage flows in from the combined filler unit 1, flows through the isolation unit 2 and the hard filler unit 3, and then flows into the planting layer 4. Wherein, the combined matrix is:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the combined matrix for subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment comprises a combined filler unit 1, an isolation unit 2 and a hard filler unit 3 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the sewage flow direction is from bottom to top, and the combined filler unit 1, the isolation unit 2 and the hard filler unit 3 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top according to the sewage flow direction of the wetland; the combined packing unit 1 comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes 6 which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of the framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures 5, every two adjacent annular structures 5 are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures 5 and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane of the annular structure 5 is perpendicular to the central ropes 6, each central rope 6 penetrates through the annular structure 5, and each central rope 6 is connected with the multiple layers of the framework structures. The multi-layer framework structure in the combined packing unit and a plurality of central ropes vertical to the framework structure form a cage-shaped structure together. The volume ratio of the combined filler unit 1 to the hard filler unit 3 is 3: 2.
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the annular structure 5 is connected with a plurality of radial fiber bundles 8 extending away from the center of the annular structure 5, and the fiber bundles 8 are fiber filaments. Each annular structure 5 is a double-layer concentric ring, a support structure 7 is arranged in an inner ring of each double-layer concentric ring, and a sleeve is sleeved on each central rope 6; the central ropes 6 vertically penetrate through the centers of the supporting structures 7 at corresponding positions in the multilayer skeleton structure respectively, and the supporting structures 7 are fixed on the central ropes 6 through sleeves. The support structure 7 extends from the inner ring to the outer ring, fixedly connecting the double-layer rings of the double-layer concentric rings. And the double-layer concentric rings in the adjacent layer framework structures are arranged in a staggered manner.
As shown in fig. 1, the isolation unit 2 comprises a layer of porous isolation plate and an isolation net; the porous isolation plate is arranged at one side adjacent to the combined filler unit 1, and the isolation net is arranged at one side adjacent to the hard filler unit 3; the isolating plate with the holes is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the isolating net is made of a stainless steel plate net.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 layers of hard filler layers are arranged in the hard filler unit 3, and the particle sizes of the hard fillers in the 2 layers of hard filler layers are gradually arranged from large to small on the side close to the isolation unit 2; the hard filler contains alkaline filler; in the hard filler unit, the hard filler in the lower layer is a mixture of gravels and crushed stones with the particle size of 25mm, and the hard filler in the upper layer is a mixture of coarse sand and limestone with the particle size of 2 mm.
The subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system is used in a wetland, the front end of the wetland is provided with the regulating tank, the height of the regulating tank is higher than that of the wetland, sewage firstly enters the regulating tank, enters the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system through the bottom end of the regulating tank, and then flows into the surface flow wetland, the stabilization pond and the like for subsequent treatment after being treated by the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system.
Example 2
A subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system comprises a combined matrix, wherein a planting layer 4 is arranged at the top end of a hard filler unit 3, and plants with the degradation performance on sewage are planted in the planting layer 4; the sewage flows in from the combined filler unit 1, flows through the isolation unit 2 and the hard filler unit 3, and then flows into the planting layer 4. Wherein, the combined matrix is:
a combined matrix for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland comprises a combined filler unit 1, an isolation unit 2 and a hard filler unit 3 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the sewage flow direction is from bottom to top, and the combined filler unit 1, the isolation unit 2 and the hard filler unit 3 are sequentially arranged from bottom to top according to the sewage flow direction of the wetland; the combined packing unit 1 comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes 6 which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of the framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures 5, every two adjacent annular structures 5 are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures 5 and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane of the annular structure 5 is perpendicular to the central ropes 6, each central rope 6 penetrates through the annular structure 5, and each central rope 6 is connected with the multiple layers of the framework structures. The multi-layer framework structure in the combined packing unit and a plurality of central ropes vertical to the framework structure form a cage-shaped structure together. The volume ratio of the combined filler unit 1 to the hard filler unit 3 is 1: 2.
the annular structure 5 is connected with a plurality of radial fiber bundles 8 extending to the center far away from the annular structure 5, and the fiber bundles 8 are polyester yarns. Each annular structure 5 is a double-layer concentric ring, a support structure 7 is arranged in an inner ring of each double-layer concentric ring, and a sleeve is sleeved on each central rope 6; the central ropes 6 vertically penetrate through the centers of the supporting structures 7 at corresponding positions in the multilayer skeleton structure respectively, and the supporting structures 7 are fixed on the central ropes 6 through sleeves. The support structure 7 extends from the inner ring to the outer ring, fixedly connecting the double-layer rings of the double-layer concentric rings. And the double-layer concentric rings in the adjacent layer framework structures are arranged in a staggered manner.
The isolation unit 2 comprises a layer of isolation plate with pores and an isolation net; the porous isolation plate is arranged at one side adjacent to the combined filler unit 1, and the isolation net is arranged at one side adjacent to the hard filler unit 3; the isolating plate with the holes is made of anti-corrosion carbon steel, and the isolating net is made of a stainless steel plate net.
4 layers of hard filler layers are arranged in the hard filler unit 3, and the particle sizes of the hard fillers in the 4 layers of hard filler layers are gradually increased from large to small from one side close to the isolation unit 2; the hard filler contains alkaline filler; in the hard filler unit, the particle size of the hard filler layer is 25mm, 18mm, 10mm and 2mm from bottom to top in sequence; the hard filler of the hard filler layer is gravel, limestone, steel slag and zeolite from bottom to top in sequence.
The subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system is used in a wetland, the front end of the wetland is provided with the regulating tank, the height of the regulating tank is higher than that of the wetland, sewage firstly enters the regulating tank, enters the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system through the bottom end of the regulating tank, and then flows into the surface flow wetland, the stabilization pond and the like for subsequent treatment after being treated by the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system.
Example 3
Example 1-the method for treating sewage by the subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system in example 2 includes the following steps:
(1) introducing sewage into the subsurface flow wetland, introducing the sewage into the combined filler unit, and allowing microorganisms to grow in the combined filler unit, wherein the growth period of the microorganisms is 21 days, after the microorganisms grow, the microorganisms degrade pollutants in the sewage, and suspended particles in the sewage are intercepted by a cage-shaped structure in the combined filler unit;
(2) the sewage treated by the combined filler unit enters the hard filler unit after passing through the isolation unit, and pollutants in the sewage are filtered, intercepted and adsorbed by the hard filler unit and undergo chemical reaction, so that the aim of sewage purification is fulfilled.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the combined filler unit in the embodiment 1 is replaced by a common filter screen, namely the combined filler unit is not arranged in the comparative example, and the other arrangement is the same as that in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example is a traditional subsurface flow wetland sewage treatment system, and the treatment system is different from the treatment system in the example 1 in that: the combined filler unit in embodiment 1 is replaced with a hard filler unit, that is, the treatment system does not have the combined filler unit and the isolation unit, wherein the filler in the hard filler unit is set in the following manner: the hard packing layer is 4 layers, each layer is a mixed packing consisting of volcanic rock, ceramsite, zeolite and crushed stone, and the grain size of the packing layer is 25mm, 18mm, 10mm and 2mm from bottom to top in sequence.
Test example 1
Respectively introducing tail water discharged by a certain sewage treatment plant according to the first-level A discharge standard into the embodiments 1 to 1 of the invention2, and comparative example 1 to comparative example 2, and the wastewater treatment system of the four sewage treatment systems, the wastewater containing BOD as a contaminant5Ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, wherein, the pollutant influent concentration in the discharge tail water entering four sewage treatment systems is: BOD5The concentration of purified water is 10mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 5mg/L, total phosphorus is 0.5mg/L, and the standard range of the concentration of purified water is as follows: BOD53-6mg/L, 2.5-3.75mg/L ammonia nitrogen effluent and 0.2-0.35mg/L total phosphorus effluent. The results of purifying the tail water discharged by the four sewage treatment systems are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 purification results of the effluent tail water of each sewage treatment system
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| BOD5Concentration of effluent (mg/L) | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 3.5 |
| BOD5Purification efficiency (%) | 75 | 70 | 55 | 65 |
| Concentration of ammonia nitrogen effluent (mg/L) | 2.25 | 2.75 | 3.25 | 3.0 |
| Purification efficiency of Ammonia Nitrogen (%) | 55 | 45 | 35 | 40 |
| Total phosphorus effluent concentration (mg/L) | 0.15 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Purification efficiency of Total phosphorus (%) | 70 | 60 | 40 | 60 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after the sewage treatment systems of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 purify sewage, the effluent concentration is within the standard range of the purified effluent concentration and meets the standard; the effluent concentration after the sewage treatment system of embodiment 1 processes the purification is smaller than the standard range of the purified effluent concentration, which shows that the sewage treatment system of the present invention has higher purification efficiency of pollutants in the tail water discharged than the standard range of the purified effluent concentration, and has higher degradation efficiency of organic pollutants. The sewage treatment system of the invention has better purification efficiency on sewage than comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and the purification efficiency on pollutants in the discharged tail water is improved by at least 10 percent, namely the degradation efficiency on organic pollutants is improved by 10 percent. The combined matrix for treating the sewage of the subsurface flow wetland has higher purification efficiency on wetland pollutants and obviously improves the degradation efficiency on organic pollutants.
Test example 2
Four sewage treatment systems of examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 of the invention are respectively used in a vertical flow subsurface wetland, and two pollution load pool areas are respectively designed for each sewage treatment system, wherein the pollutant load of a pool body with a first area (namely a standard load pool body) is as follows: BOD5＝5.0-7.0g/(m2D), ammonia nitrogen 2.0-3.5 g/(m)2D), total phosphorus 0.2-0.35 g/(m)2D); the pollutant load of the pool body with the second area is as follows: BOD5＝6.0-8.5g/(m2D), ammonia nitrogen 2.5-4.0 g/(m)2D), total phosphorus 0.25-0.4 g/(m)2·d)。
And respectively introducing the tail water discharged by a certain sewage treatment plant according to the first-level A discharge standard into the pool bodies with two areas of the four sewage treatment systems for tail water purification treatment, and determining whether the concentration of the outlet water after purification treatment reaches the standard. Wherein the pollutant contained in the tail water is BOD5Ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, and the water inlet concentration of pollutants in the discharged tail water is as follows: BOD510mg/L, 5mg/L ammonia nitrogen and 0.5mg/L total phosphorus; if the concentration of the purified pollutant effluent is within the following concentration range, the effluent reaches the standard: BOD53-6mg/L, 2.5-3.75mg/L ammonia nitrogen, and 0.2-0.35mg/L total phosphorus. The results of the treatment are shown in Table 2:
table 2 table of treatment results for different pollutant loads
As can be seen from Table 2, when the four sewage treatment systems are used for treating the pollutants in the first area tank body (namely, the standard load tank body), the effluent after the purification treatment can reach the standard, namely, the four sewage treatment systems are used for treating the pollutants in the standard load, but when the pollutant load is increased, namely, the pollutant load in the second area tank body, the effluent after the purification treatment in the sewage treatment system of the invention can still reach the standard, but the effluent after the purification treatment in the sewage treatment systems of the comparative examples 1 and 2 can not reach the standard, because when the pollutant load is large, the structures of the sewage treatment systems of the comparative examples 1 and 2 are easy to damage and block, and the sewage treatment efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the combined matrix organically combines the combined filler and the hard filler, can improve the bearing capacity of the organic load of the wetland and improve the purification efficiency of pollutants in the wetland on the premise of preventing the matrix filler from being blocked, improves the bearing range of the organic pollutants by 20 percent, and can be suitable for the condition of larger pollution load.
In conclusion, the combined matrix organically combines the combined filler unit consisting of the semi-soft filler with the hard filler unit for use, wherein the cage-shaped structure consisting of the multilayer skeleton structure and the plurality of central ropes in the combined filler unit has a large specific surface area, so that a large growth environment can be provided for microorganisms while water pollutants are intercepted, the degradation of the microorganisms on the organic pollutants is facilitated, when the pollution load is large, the gaps of the semi-soft cage-shaped structure are in a variable state and can flow up, down, left and right, the structural deformation caused by water flow is relieved, the influence of hydraulic power on the cage-shaped structure is reduced, and the blockage of the gaps caused by large pollution load is effectively avoided; the sewage treated by the combined filler unit passes through the isolation unit and then enters the hard filler unit, and organic pollutants in the sewage are further removed by the hard filler unit, so that the aim of purifying the sewage is fulfilled.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A combined matrix for sewage treatment of subsurface flow wetland is characterized by comprising a combined filler unit (1), an isolation unit (2) and a hard filler unit (3) which are sequentially arranged;
the combined packing unit (1) comprises a multi-layer framework structure and a plurality of central ropes (6) which are vertical to the framework structure; each layer of framework structure comprises a plurality of annular structures (5), every two adjacent annular structures (5) are connected with each other through plastic branches, and the annular structures (5) and the plastic branches form a net structure; the plane where the annular structures (5) are located is perpendicular to the central ropes (6), each central rope (6) penetrates through the annular structures (5) respectively, and each central rope (6) is connected with the multiple layers of framework structures respectively.
2. -composite matrix according to claim 1, characterised in that said annular structure (5) is connected to a plurality of radial fibre bundles (8) extending away from the centre of said annular structure (5);
preferably, the fiber bundle (8) is fiber yarn or polyester yarn.
3. -composite matrix according to claim 1, characterised in that each of said annular structures (5) is a multilayer annular structure, in the inner ring of which a support structure (7) is arranged, on each of said central cords (6) a jacket is applied; the central ropes (6) vertically penetrate through the centers of the supporting structures (7) at corresponding positions in the multilayer framework structure respectively, and the supporting structures (7) are fixed on the central ropes (6) through sleeves.
4. The composite matrix according to claim 3, wherein the support structure (7) extends from the inner ring to the outer ring, fixedly connecting the multi-layer rings of the multi-layer ring structure.
5. The composite matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the ring structures (5) in the framework structures of adjacent layers are offset.
6. The composite matrix according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein said multilayered cyclic structure is a bilayer of concentric rings.
7. The composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the composite filler units (1) to the hard filler units (3) is (1-3): 2.
8. the composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein said spacer elements (2) comprise a layer of perforated spacer plates and a layer of spacer mesh; the porous isolation plate is arranged on one side adjacent to the combined filler unit (1), and the isolation net is arranged on one side adjacent to the hard filler unit (3).
9. The composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of hard filler layers are arranged in the hard filler unit (3), and the particle sizes of the hard fillers in the hard filler layers are gradually arranged from large to small on the side close to the isolation unit (2);
preferably, the hard filler contains an alkaline filler;
preferably, the particle size of the hard filler in the hard filler layer is 2-25 mm.
10. A subsurface wetland sewage treatment system, which is characterized by comprising the combined matrix of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a planting layer (4) is arranged on the top end of the hard filler unit (3), and plants with the degradation performance on sewage are planted in the planting layer (4);
sewage flows in from the combined filler unit (1), flows through the isolation unit (2) and the hard filler unit (3) and then flows into the planting layer (4).
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