CN113366978A

CN113366978A - Device for cutting and crushing straw

Info

Publication number: CN113366978A
Application number: CN202110910819.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈友强
Original assignee: Nantong Tongzhou Youqiang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nantong Tongzhou Youqiang Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-10
Filing date: 2021-08-10
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-10
Also published as: CN113366978B

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for cutting and crushing straws, belongs to the technical field of agricultural straw treatment equipment, solves the problem of incomplete cutting caused by lack of a structure for compacting fluffy straws in the process of cutting straw treatment, and provides a device for cutting and crushing straws, which comprises a case, a press roll assembly is arranged in the case, the press roll assembly comprises an upper press roll and a lower press roll, the distance between the upper press roll and the lower press roll is adjustable, the secondary crushing component of the compression roller component is provided with a screen below, an upper compression roller and a lower compression roller of the compression roller component are designed to clamp straws flowing through the secondary crushing component, the spacing of the straw crusher is adjustable to adapt to different kinds of straws, excessive straws cannot be poured into the straw crusher to block a case, the secondary crushing assembly is subjected to crushing treatment, and the straw crusher is used for screening and separating straws through a screen, so that the workload of manual screening and separation is reduced.

Description

Device for cutting and crushing straw

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural straw treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a straw cutting and crushing device.

Background

In recent years, the incineration of crop straws is used as an air pollution source; in summer and autumn and winter, a large amount of straws of wheat, corn and the like are always burnt in the field, a large amount of dense smoke is generated, the problem of bottleneck of environmental protection is solved, and even the problem of the serious accident of the surrounding urban environment is solved, so that the straws need to be recycled to avoid environmental damage.

Novel straw crushing mechanism can carry out the breakage to the straw, and then retrieves the straw and retrieve the straw and recycle, and the hobbing cutter of current novel straw crushing mechanism rolls in broken cavity and cuts the straw, consequently needs the straw to keep dry and avoids the influence of weing, still needs to improve the fragility of straw through preheating treatment when necessary.

Although the pre-heating treatment improves the fragility of the straws, the cost of the pre-heating treatment is increased, the straw crushing mechanism is lack of a pressing component to enable the straws at the edge or the fluffy straws to be not stressed enough in the straw crushing process, so that the straws are not completely cut, the processed straws are uneven, the follow-up straws cannot normally pass through the discharge hole behind the hob, the discharge hole is blocked, the working state of the discharge hole needs to be checked in an indefinite time by manpower, and the workload of workers is increased invisibly.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of this application provides a be used for straw cutting and milling device, solve to cut and lack the structure that compresses tightly fluffy straw among the straw treatment process and lead to cutting thoroughly problem.

The technical scheme adopted is as follows:

a straw cutting and crushing device comprises a case, a cutting assembly and a conveyor belt, wherein the cutting assembly is installed in the case, the conveyor belt is installed on the case and used for conveying straws to the inside of the case, a compression roller assembly is arranged in the case and comprises an upper compression roller, a lower compression roller and a positioning plate, the upper compression roller is connected with the positioning plate, a vertical strip-shaped groove is formed in the inner wall of the case, the positioning plate is connected in the strip-shaped groove through a fastener, and the fastener can slide up and down in the strip-shaped groove to adjust the distance between the upper compression roller and the lower compression roller;

the top of compression roller assembly is provided with the lifting unit that the lift cutting subassembly used, lifting unit includes the joint at the cylinder mounting panel at quick-witted roof portion, fixes the lift cylinder at the middle part of cylinder mounting panel and sets up the bottom plate in cylinder mounting panel below, the piston rod of lift cylinder passes the cylinder mounting panel and connects the middle part at the bottom plate be provided with the deflector that two directions were used in relation to piston rod axis symmetry on the bottom plate it has the first bar hole that supplies the deflector to pass to open on the cylinder mounting panel, the bottom and the bottom plate of deflector are connected, the top of deflector is passed first bar hole and is extended to the top of cylinder mounting panel.

As a preferred scheme, compression roller assembly's bottom is provided with the secondary crushing subassembly, the secondary crushing subassembly includes the flood dragon screw with locating plate parallel arrangement, the both ends of flood dragon screw all are connected on quick-witted incasement wall through the bearing, be provided with the rotatory motor of usefulness of drive flood dragon screw on the machine case.

As a preferable scheme, the flood dragon spiral rods are at least two, the gap range between two adjacent flood dragon spiral rods is 40-50mm, each flood dragon spiral rod is provided with a driving wheel, and every two adjacent driving wheels are connected through a belt or in gear meshing transmission.

As a preferable scheme, a screen is arranged below the secondary crushing assembly, the screen is arranged in an inclined manner, the case is respectively provided with a first discharge port and a second discharge port, a partition board for isolating the first discharge port from the second discharge port is arranged in the case, the partition board is clamped in the case, and the partition board is further connected with the screen.

Preferably, a baffle is obliquely arranged between the screen and the secondary crushing assembly and is fixed on the chassis.

Preferably, the bottom of the partition board is provided with a pneumatic vibrator for vibrating the partition board.

As a preferred scheme, pneumatic vibrator includes the jacking cylinder that free bearing and jacking free bearing were used, the jacking cylinder is connected in quick-witted bottom of the case, be provided with the connecting rod on the free bearing, it is articulated through the connection piece between free bearing and the connecting rod, pneumatic vibrator still includes first supporting seat and second supporting seat, first supporting seat and second supporting seat are all connected in quick-witted bottom of the case, first supporting seat and second supporting seat are all articulated through connection piece and connecting rod, be provided with the ejector pin on the second supporting seat, the one end of ejector pin articulates in the articulated department of second supporting seat and connecting rod, the other end of ejector pin alternates the top of second supporting seat and hugs closely on the baffle.

Preferably, the connecting rod is provided with a second strip-shaped hole, and the hinged support and the connecting piece of the connecting rod are connected in a sliding manner in the second strip-shaped hole formed in the connecting rod.

Preferably, the cutting assembly comprises a cutting blade, a dovetail groove is formed in the bottom of the base plate, the cutting blade is clamped in the dovetail groove formed in the bottom of the base plate, and a guide hole for inserting the cutting blade is formed in the base plate.

In conclusion, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows:

1. in order to solve the problems that when an existing cutting assembly is used for cutting straws, a pressing structure for fluffy straws is lacked, partial straws cannot be completely cut when the cutting assembly works, the cutting assembly cannot be completely cut, the straws are retained in a machine body to cause blockage, and the overload operation of a motor for carrying needs to be considered due to the influence caused by the blockage, so that the motor is extremely easy to damage under the condition.

2. In order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the cutter, the lifting assembly capable of moving up and down is designed to adjust the position of the cutter on the cutting assembly, the lifting assembly is installed on the case in a clamping mode, the cutting assembly can be disassembled, the cutter of the cutting assembly is controlled to move up and down in a moving up and down mode, therefore, the straw clamped by the compression roller assembly is cut off, and the occupied space is smaller.

3. On the basis of the above preliminary straw cutting, the secondary crushing assembly is designed to refine, the straw is crushed by the plurality of auger screws of the secondary crushing assembly in the rotating process, secondary crushing work is performed, and the processed straw is finer.

4. The screen cloth that the slope set up is used for screening the separation straw to keep apart two exports with the baffle, the straw through the screen cloth passes through the discharge of second discharge gate and discharges, the straw that does not pass through the screen cloth then discharges through first discharge gate, and in order to make the no longer a large amount of detention of straw on the screen cloth, be provided with pneumatic vibrator and improve screen cloth vibration frequency, outside the vibrations that the screen cloth produced that drops at the straw, pneumatic vibrator strengthens the frequency of vibrations, reduce the work load of artifical screening separation.

5. The pneumatic vibrator who designs, its jacking cylinder is in order to connect the connecting rod that the free bearing is connected as the support to go up and down in quick-witted bottom half, first supporting seat is as another strong point of connecting rod, when jacking cylinder lift connecting rod, the ejector pin on the connecting rod alternates the top of second supporting seat and hugs closely on the baffle and strikes the baffle, thereby make the screen cloth vibrations of being connected with the baffle, this pneumatic vibrator is more nimble for complicated electromagnetic shaker, the mounting height can be followed actual demand and made the adjustment, can also satisfy the screen cloth of hitting to different intensity, change the frequency of vibrations.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the invention at A1 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the invention at A2 of FIG. 1;

the labels in the figure are: 1. a conveyor belt; 2. a press roll assembly; 21. an upper compression roller; 22. a lower pressing roller; 23. positioning a plate; 3. a chassis; 31. a strip-shaped groove; 4. a lifting assembly; 41. a cylinder mounting plate; 42. a lifting cylinder; 43. a base plate; 44. a guide plate; 45. a first bar-shaped hole; 5. a secondary crushing assembly; 51. a dragon screw rod; 52. a driving wheel; 53. a motor; 6. a partition plate; 7. a first discharge port; 8. a pneumatic vibrator; 81. hinging seat; 82. jacking a cylinder; 83. a second support seat; 84. a top rod; 85. a connecting rod; 851. a second bar-shaped hole; 86. a first support base; 9. a second discharge port; 10. screening a screen; 11. a cutting blade; 12. a dovetail groove; 13. and a baffle plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, a device for cutting and crushing straws, which comprises a case 3, a cutting assembly installed in the case 3, and a conveyor belt 1 installed on the case 3 and used for conveying straws to the inside of the case 3, wherein a pressing roller assembly 2 is arranged in the case 3, the pressing roller assembly 2 comprises an upper pressing roller 21, a lower pressing roller 22 and a positioning plate 23, the upper pressing roller 21 is connected with the positioning plate 23, a vertical strip-shaped groove 31 is formed in the inner wall of the case 3, the positioning plate 23 is connected in the strip-shaped groove 31 through a fastener, and the fastener slides up and down in the strip-shaped groove 31 to adjust the distance between the upper pressing roller 21 and the lower pressing roller 22.

In the structure, aiming at the problem that when the cutting assembly is in operation due to the fact that the cutting assembly is in a fluffy and compaction-lacking structure for straws during straw cutting treatment, partial straws cannot be completely cut off, the cutting assembly cannot be completely cut off, the straws are retained in the machine body to cause blockage, and the motor used for carrying needs to be considered to run in an overload mode if the influence caused by the blockage is serious, so that the motor is extremely easy to damage; therefore, the invention designs the compression roller assembly 2, the upper compression roller 21 and the lower compression roller 22 clamp straws flowing through, two ends of the lower compression roller 22 are fixedly connected on the inner wall of the case 3 through bearings, the upper compression roller 21 is arranged on the positioning plate 23, the positioning plate 23 can slide in the strip-shaped groove 31, further, the distance between the upper press roller 21 and the lower press roller 22 is adjusted, and finally, after the position of the positioning plate 23 is adjusted, the positioning plate 23 is fixed in the strip-shaped groove 31 formed on the inner wall of the case 3 by a fastener, therefore, the space between the upper press roll 21 and the lower press roll 22 can be adjusted according to different straws, so that the cutting assembly is convenient to cut the straws while the straws are pressed, meanwhile, the distance between the upper compression roller 21 and the lower compression roller 22 after adjustment limits the height of the feeding hole of the conveying belt 1, excessive straw raw materials cannot be gushed into the machine case to cause overload operation of a motor, and the safety of equipment is improved.

Example 2:

the embodiment is developed on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a lifting assembly 4 for lifting and cutting assemblies is arranged above the press roll assembly 2, the lifting assembly 4 comprises a cylinder mounting plate 41 clamped at the top of the chassis 3, a lifting cylinder 42 fixed in the middle of the cylinder mounting plate 41 and a bottom plate 43 arranged below the cylinder mounting plate 41, a piston rod of the lifting cylinder 42 penetrates through the cylinder mounting plate 41 and is connected to the middle of the bottom plate 43, two guide plates 44 for guiding are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate 43 about a central axis of the piston rod, a first strip-shaped hole 45 for the guide plate 44 to penetrate through is formed in the cylinder mounting plate 41, the bottom of the guide plate 44 is connected with the bottom plate 43, and the top of the guide plate 44 penetrates through the first strip-shaped hole 45 and extends to the upper part of the cylinder mounting plate 41; the cutting assembly comprises a cutting blade 11, a dovetail groove 12 is formed at the bottom of the bottom plate 43, the cutting blade 11 is clamped in the dovetail groove 12 formed at the bottom of the bottom plate 43, and a guide hole for inserting the cutting blade 11 is formed in the bottom plate 43.

For the convenience of dismouting lifting unit 4, the mode of design lifting unit 4 and quick-witted case joint specifically is: the two opposite side surfaces of the inner wall of the case 3 are provided with square grooves parallel to the horizontal plane, then the cylinder mounting plate 41 is inserted into the square groove of the case 3, when a cover of the case 3 is subsequently taken down, the lifting assembly 4 can be taken out only by a push-pull mode and replaced with a new lifting assembly 4, in order to adjust the height of the cutting assembly, so as to adapt to the height change of the compression roller assembly 2, the cutting assembly is prevented from blocking straws to pass through the compression roller assembly 2, the lifting assembly 4 is designed, the lifting cylinder 42 of the lifting assembly 4 drives the bottom plate 43 connected to the piston rod to vertically move up and down, in order to avoid the deviation or deflection caused by the vertical movement of the bottom plate 43, the guide plate 44 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 43, and the guide plate 44 penetrates through the first strip-shaped hole 45 of the cylinder mounting plate 41 to avoid the deviation or deflection, so that the cutting assembly arranged below the lifting assembly 4 is lifted, and then the cutting blade 11 of the cutting assembly is driven to penetrate through a guide hole formed in the bottom plate 43 to cut off the straws clamped between the upper pressure roller 21 and the lower pressure roller 22, and secondly, in order to realize the quick replacement of the single damaged cutting blade 11, a dovetail groove 12 is formed in the bottom of the bottom plate 43, and the cutting blade 11 is horizontally inserted into the dovetail groove 12 in an inserting mode.

Example 3:

the embodiment is developed on the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, a secondary crushing assembly 5 is arranged at the bottom of the compression roller assembly 2, the secondary crushing assembly 5 comprises a flood dragon screw 51 arranged in parallel with the positioning plate 23, two ends of the flood dragon screw 51 are connected to the inner wall of the case 3 through bearings, and the case 3 is provided with a motor 53 for driving the flood dragon screw 51 to rotate; the flood dragon screw rods 51 are at least two, the gap range between two adjacent flood dragon screw rods 51 is 40-50mm, each flood dragon screw rod 51 is provided with a driving wheel 52, and each adjacent driving wheel 52 drives the multiple flood dragon screw rods 51 to rotate in a belt connection or gear meshing mode.

In order to carry out secondary fine processing operation on the straws processed by the cutting assembly on the compression roller assembly 2, a secondary crushing assembly 5 is designed, a plurality of auger screws 51 are arranged below the lower compression roller 22 in parallel, two auger screws are used as a group to rotate positively and negatively, two auger screws 51 in the same group are installed with gears to be meshed and rotate, if a plurality of groups of auger screws 51 are installed, belt pulleys are arranged on two adjacent auger screws 51 between groups, the transmission between the groups is realized in a mode of additionally arranging belts, and rigid-connected devices such as rigid connection devices and the like are flexibly connected in a belt transmission mode, so that the secondary crushing assembly is safer; secondly, the design has motor 53 drive single flood dragon auger 51 can, realizes that many flood dragon auger 51 rotate in step to pulverize the straw at the rotation in-process.

Example 4:

the embodiment is developed on the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1, a screen 10 is arranged below the secondary crushing assembly 5, the screen 10 is arranged obliquely, a first discharge port 7 and a second discharge port 9 are respectively formed on the case 3, a partition plate 6 for isolating the first discharge port 7 from the second discharge port 9 is arranged in the case 3, the partition plate 6 is clamped in the case 3, and the partition plate 6 is further connected with the screen 10; a baffle 13 is obliquely arranged between the screen mesh 10 and the secondary crushing assembly 5, and the baffle 13 is fixed on the case 3; the bottom of the clapboard 6 is provided with a pneumatic vibrator 8 for vibrating the clapboard 6; the obliquely arranged screen mesh 10 is used for screening and separating straws, the two outlets are separated by the partition plate 6, the straws passing through the screen mesh are discharged through the second discharge port 9, the straws not passing through the screen mesh are discharged through the first discharge port 7, in order to prevent the straws from being retained on the screen mesh 10, the pneumatic vibrator 8 is arranged to improve the vibration frequency of the screen mesh, and the pneumatic vibrator 8 strengthens the vibration frequency except the vibration generated when the straws fall off the screen mesh 10; the pneumatic vibrator 8 comprises a hinge seat 81 and a jacking cylinder 82 for jacking the hinge seat 81, the jacking cylinder 82 is connected to the bottom of the case 3, a connecting rod 85 is arranged on the hinge seat 81, the hinge seat 81 is hinged to the connecting rod 85 through a connecting piece, the pneumatic vibrator 8 further comprises a first supporting seat 86 and a second supporting seat 83, the first supporting seat 86 and the second supporting seat 83 are both connected to the bottom of the case 3, the first supporting seat 86 and the second supporting seat 83 are both hinged to the connecting rod 85 through the connecting piece, a push rod 84 is arranged on the second supporting seat 83, one end of the push rod 84 is hinged to the hinged position of the second supporting seat 83 and the connecting rod 85, and the other end of the push rod 84 penetrates through the top of the second supporting seat 83 and is tightly attached to the partition plate 6; the connecting rod 85 is provided with a second strip-shaped hole 851, and the hinged support 81 and the connecting piece of the connecting rod 85 are connected in a sliding way in the second strip-shaped hole 851 arranged on the connecting rod 85. The vibration principle of the pneumatic vibrator 8 is as follows: jacking cylinder 82 is with connecting at quick-witted case 3 bottom as the connecting rod 85 that the hinge seat 81 is connected that goes up and down as the support, first support seat 86 is as another strong point of connecting rod 85, when jacking cylinder 82 goes up and down connecting rod 85, ejector pin 84 on connecting rod 85 is hugged closely on baffle 6 through the top of second support seat 83 and is beaten baffle 6, thereby make the screen cloth 10 vibrations of being connected with baffle 6, secondly, hinge seat 81 passes through the connection piece with connecting rod 85 and is connected, and the connection piece is connected in the second bar hole 851 that has opened on connecting rod 85, through the connection piece in second bar hole 851 slide adjusting position, fix the connection piece in second bar hole 851 through the fastener at last, simultaneously, hinge seat 81 is fixed with the connection piece fastener, prevent its rotation.

The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, since any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw cutting and crushing device comprises a case (3), a cutting assembly arranged in the case (3), and a conveyor belt (1) which is arranged on the case (3) and used for conveying straws to the inside of the case (3), and is characterized in that a pressing roller assembly (2) is arranged in the case (3), the pressing roller assembly (2) comprises an upper pressing roller (21), a lower pressing roller (22) and a positioning plate (23), the upper pressing roller (21) is connected with the positioning plate (23), a vertical strip-shaped groove (31) is formed in the inner wall of the case (3), the positioning plate (23) is connected in the strip-shaped groove (31) through a fastener, and the fastener slides up and down in the strip-shaped groove (31) to adjust the distance between the upper pressing roller (21) and the lower pressing roller (22);

a lifting component (4) for lifting the cutting component is arranged above the compression roller component (2), the lifting component (4) comprises a cylinder mounting plate (41) clamped at the top of the case (3), a lifting cylinder (42) fixed at the middle part of the cylinder mounting plate (41) and a bottom plate (43) arranged below the cylinder mounting plate (41), a piston rod of the lifting cylinder (42) passes through the cylinder mounting plate (41) and is connected to the middle part of the bottom plate (43), two guide plates (44) for guiding are symmetrically arranged on the bottom plate (43) relative to the central axis of the piston rod, a first strip-shaped hole (45) for a guide plate (44) to pass through is formed on the cylinder mounting plate (41), the bottom of deflector (44) is connected with bottom plate (43), the top of deflector (44) passes first bar hole (45) and extends to the top of cylinder mounting panel (41).

2. The straw cutting and crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a secondary crushing assembly (5) is arranged at the bottom of the compression roller assembly (2), the secondary crushing assembly (5) comprises a flood dragon screw rod (51) arranged in parallel with the positioning plate (23), two ends of the flood dragon screw rod (51) are connected to the inner wall of the case (3) through bearings, and a motor (53) for driving the flood dragon screw rod (51) to rotate is arranged on the case (3).

3. The straw cutting and crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the number of the dragon screw rods (51) is at least two, the gap between two adjacent dragon screw rods (51) ranges from 40 mm to 50mm, each dragon screw rod (51) is provided with a transmission wheel (52), and each adjacent transmission wheel (52) is connected through a belt or is in gear engagement transmission.

4. The straw cutting and crushing device according to claim 2, wherein a screen (10) is arranged below the secondary crushing assembly (5), the screen (10) is arranged in an inclined manner, a first discharge port (7) and a second discharge port (9) are respectively formed in the case (3), a partition plate (6) for isolating the first discharge port (7) from the second discharge port (9) is arranged in the case (3), the partition plate (6) is clamped in the case (3), and the partition plate (6) is further connected with the screen (10).

5. A straw cutting and crushing device according to claim 4, wherein a baffle (13) is obliquely arranged between the screen (10) and the secondary crushing unit (5), and the baffle (13) is fixedly connected to the chassis (3).

6. A straw cutting and crushing device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the bottom of the partition (6) is provided with a pneumatic vibrator (8) for vibrating the partition (6).

7. The straw cutting and crushing device according to claim 6, wherein the pneumatic vibrator (8) comprises a hinged support (81) and a lifting cylinder (82) for lifting the hinged support (81), the lifting cylinder (82) is connected to the bottom of the machine case (3), a connecting rod (85) is arranged on the hinged support (81), the hinged support (81) is hinged to the connecting rod (85) through a connecting piece, the pneumatic vibrator (8) further comprises a first supporting seat (86) and a second supporting seat (83), the first supporting seat (86) and the second supporting seat (83) are both connected to the bottom of the machine case (3), the first supporting seat (86) and the second supporting seat (83) are both hinged to the connecting rod (85) through the connecting piece, a push rod (84) is arranged on the second supporting seat (83), one end of the push rod (84) is hinged to the hinged position of the second supporting seat (83) and the connecting rod (85), the other end of the ejector rod (84) penetrates through the top of the second supporting seat (83) and is tightly attached to the partition plate (6).

8. A device for cutting and crushing straw according to claim 7, wherein the connecting rod (85) is provided with a second strip-shaped hole (851), and the hinged support (81) is connected with the connecting piece of the connecting rod (85) in a sliding way in the second strip-shaped hole (851) arranged on the connecting rod (85).

9. The straw cutting and crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting assembly comprises a cutting blade (11), a dovetail groove (12) is formed at the bottom of the base plate (43), the cutting blade (11) is clamped in the dovetail groove (12) formed at the bottom of the base plate (43), and a guide hole for the cutting blade (11) to penetrate is formed in the base plate (43).