CN113362977B - Integrated floating nuclear power station - Google Patents

Integrated floating nuclear power station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113362977B
CN113362977B CN202110783580.6A CN202110783580A CN113362977B CN 113362977 B CN113362977 B CN 113362977B CN 202110783580 A CN202110783580 A CN 202110783580A CN 113362977 B CN113362977 B CN 113362977B
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cabin
nuclear reactor
power station
nuclear power
sea
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CN113362977A (en
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李红霞
刘已华
王文华
黄一
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting nuclear energy into electric energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated floating nuclear power station which integrates power generation and sea water desalination into a whole and is of a revolving body hourglass structure, and comprises an inverted truncated cone-shaped upper structure and a right circular truncated cone-shaped lower structure, wherein the axes of the inverted truncated cone-shaped upper structure and the right circular truncated cone-shaped lower structure are overlapped. The lower structure has a declination angle ranging from 30 DEG to 65 DEG and a vertical height not smaller than the vertical height of the upper structure. The nuclear power station is positioned by adopting multipoint mooring, wherein the nuclear reactor is always positioned below the waterline under various working conditions. The nuclear power station can adjust the waterline position according to the ocean environment. The invention can adapt to the environmental conditions of the common sea area and the arctic region; the position of the waterline can be adjusted according to the ocean environment, and the combined action of sea ice, ocean current and sea wind can be effectively resisted in the ice period; in the ice-free period, the combined action of sea waves, ocean currents and sea winds can be effectively resisted, and the safety of the platform is improved; the method is applied to the ocean environment in normal sea areas and deep water ice areas, and provides environment-friendly, stable and sufficient electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and other resources for ocean development.

Description

Integrated floating nuclear power station
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ocean engineering, and relates to an integrated floating nuclear power station.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy and the progressive exhaustion of land resources, more and more countries are aware that ocean is a new space for national survival and development, which is an important strategy in many countries. China is one of countries with more islands in the world, and the islands occupied by people are nearly 500. However, for most islands, the current biggest problem is that water and electricity are deficient for a long time, which severely restricts the life of deep open sea residents, ocean related scientific research work, military operations and the like. The offshore floating nuclear power station is used as an offshore fresh water and power supply platform, can quickly reach the water and electricity emergency region by means of the stronger offshore transportation capability, and meets the market demand.
The arctic region is very cold throughout the year and has bad weather. In the last 20 years, as global climate becomes warmer, arctic sea ice coverage gradually shrinks, and open water areas which can be conventionally navigated in summer appear. Meanwhile, the north pole has important value in the aspects of strategy, military, energy, channel, scientific research, environmental protection and the like. The arctic region contains abundant natural resources, wherein the ascertained oil reserves and the natural gas reserves respectively account for 13% and 30% of the world reserves. The development of the arctic channel is helpful for reducing the dependence on the conventional route and lowering the shipping cost. The average depth of the North ice is 1200 meters, most areas are covered by sea ice, the climate is severe, the population is sparse, and the polar ocean nuclear energy platform is established in the area where the people are rare, so that the safety of lives and properties of people can be reduced to the greatest extent. The environment in the arctic region is fragile, the environmental protection requirement on engineering equipment is extremely high, and the offshore floating nuclear power platform has the advantage of zero emission of harmful gas, and can meet the requirement.
The invention provides the method for guaranteeing the stable and effective development of the polar resources in order to meet the requirements of island electric power and fresh water resources.
The performance requirements of integrated floating nuclear power plants include two types. The first is floatability, stability and resistance in still water; the second category is the motion performance and the structural strength performance under the action of environmental loads such as sea wind, sea wave, ocean current, sea ice, earthquake and the like. The design of the integrated floating nuclear power station is carried out on the premise of ensuring the safety of the performance.
According to the structural form of the nuclear power platform in the ocean, the ocean nuclear power platform can be divided into four forms: russian barge nuclear power platform, luo Mengte soffit number; gravity-based nuclear power platforms proposed in korea; cylindrical nuclear power platform proposed by the American Massachu institute of technology, "OFNP-300/1100" and French submerged nuclear power platform, "Flexblue". The russian Luo Mengnuo Sov institution is a first floating nuclear power station in the world, and has the main tasks of providing power for remote industrial enterprises, harbor cities and offshore oil and gas platforms, and has high power generation efficiency, but the service water depth is shallow, so that the floating nuclear power station is not suitable for deep sea areas; the OFNP-300/1100 proposed by the American Massachu-Offon works adopts a cylindrical design, and the design can utilize seawater to cool down the nuclear power station, is not influenced by factors such as earthquake and the like, ensures the safety of the nuclear power station, but can not resist ice load well and is not suitable for working in ice areas. The development of the floating nuclear power station in China is later than the countries such as America, russia and the like, and certain achievements are achieved at present, such as an ACP100S offshore floating reactor of a middle nuclear group and an ACPR50S ocean floating nuclear power platform of a middle and broad nuclear group. The platform is not suitable for deep sea or ice ocean environments, and has a small application range.
The traditional design concept has the following limitations and disadvantages:
(1) The inland nuclear power plant is built on land, the whole system is supported by virtue of a foundation, and wind load and earthquake load effects are mainly considered. In the ice region ocean environment, the structure needs to bear the effects of environmental loads such as static water buoyancy, sea waves, ocean currents, sea ice, sea wind, earthquakes and the like. The complexity of the marine environment results in a more complex loading on the platform, nuclear reactor, and connection and support structures. On the other hand, the land nuclear power station has larger structural size and weight and cannot be directly placed on ships and ocean platforms. Therefore, the design of the roadbed nuclear power platform cannot be directly used for the floating nuclear power plant.
(2) The traditional ocean structures are mostly straight-walled near the waterline, sea ice is extruded and damaged on the structure, the structure needs to bear larger ice load, the motion performance and the structure of the platform are threatened greatly, and the ocean structure cannot adapt to the ocean environmental conditions of the polar region.
(3) Most existing floating nuclear power station concepts cannot simultaneously and effectively resist the combined action of sea ice, ocean currents, sea winds or ocean waves, and ocean currents and ocean winds, and only a few of floating nuclear power station concepts can adapt to the polar ocean environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the performance limitation in the prior art, the invention provides an integrated floating nuclear power station suitable for various water depths and ice ocean environments according to the environmental conditions of common sea areas and arctic regions and the operation requirements of floating nuclear power stations, and can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for coastal cities, islands and ice ocean development and past ships.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an integral type floating nuclear power station, this nuclear power station is solid of revolution hourglass structure, has double-deck bottom structure, and the nuclear power station includes a upper structure of falling round platform shape and a lower part structure of just round platform shape, and upper structure is the upper cone, and lower part structure is the lower cone. The bottom surface with smaller upper structure area is connected with the bottom surface with smaller lower structure area. The upper structure coincides with the axis of the lower structure.
In order to achieve a good ice breaking effect, the lower structure should have a downtilt angle in the range of 30 ° -65 °. In order to ensure the stability of the platform, the vertical height of the lower structure should not be smaller than that of the upper structure.
The integrated floating nuclear power station is positioned by adopting multi-point mooring.
The integral floating nuclear power station can adjust the position of the waterline according to the marine environment, and in the ice period, the waterline is positioned at the lower cone, and the damage mode of ice is changed from extrusion damage to bending damage by utilizing the inclined plane of the lower cone, so that the influence of ice load on the platform is reduced. In the ice-free period, the waterline is located at the position of the hourglass-shaped waist line, namely the connecting surface of the upper structure and the lower structure, the area of the waterline surface is minimum, wave load can be effectively reduced, in addition, the upper cone structure and the lower cone structure increase platform heave damping, the platform heave motion amplitude is reduced, and the platform has good hydrodynamic performance.
The nuclear reactor of the integral floating nuclear power station is always located below the waterline, seawater can be used as a natural radiator to cool the nuclear reactor, and the nuclear reactor can play a role in shielding radiation.
The integrated floating nuclear power station integrates power generation and sea water desalination, and can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and other resources.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can adapt to the environmental conditions of common sea areas and arctic regions and meet the operation requirements of nuclear power platforms. The invention can adjust the position of the waterline according to the ocean environment, and can effectively resist the combined action of sea ice, ocean current and sea wind in the period of ice presence; in the ice-free period, the combined action of sea waves, ocean currents and sea winds is effectively resisted, and the safety of the platform is greatly improved. The invention can be applied to the ocean environment in normal sea areas and deep water ice areas, and provides environment-friendly, stable and sufficient resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for ocean development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional line drawing of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
Fig. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated floating nuclear power plant A-A.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated floating nuclear power plant B-B.
FIG. 5 is a C-C cross-sectional view of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
FIG. 6 is a D-D sectional view of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional model diagram of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
In the figure: 1 a nuclear power plant main body; 2 nuclear reactor; 3, a containment vessel; 4, immersing the water tank; 5, a steam drum cabin; 6, a material changing channel; 7, a central control room; 8, a cabin; 9 spent fuel pool; 10 ballast tanks; 11 nuclear reactor standby generator cabins; 12 storage batteries; 13 fresh water compartment; 14 sea water desalting cabin; 15 sea water tanks; 16 anchor chain cabins; 17 a power distribution room; 18 a nuclear reactor compartment; 19 mooring system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
An integrated floating nuclear power plant comprises a main body 1 of the nuclear power plant, a nuclear reactor 2, a containment 3, a submerged water tank 4, a steam drum tank 5, a refueling passage 6, a central control room 7, a cabin 8, a spent fuel pool 9, a ballast tank 10, a nuclear reactor standby generator tank 11, a storage battery room 12, a fresh water tank 13, a sea water desalting tank 14, a sea water tank 15, an anchor chain tank 16, a distribution room 17, a nuclear reactor tank 18 and a mooring system 19. The integrated floating nuclear power station can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and other resources for ocean development work; can be operated in the sea area without ice or with ice, and has wider application range.
The main body 1 of the nuclear power station is in a revolving structure and is positioned by adopting a multipoint mooring system 19. The nuclear power station main body 1 is of a double-layer bottom structure. The integral floating nuclear power station can adjust the position of the waterline according to the marine environment, and in the ice period, the waterline is positioned at the lower cone, and the damage mode of ice is changed from extrusion damage to bending damage by utilizing the inclined plane of the lower cone, so that the influence of ice load on the platform is reduced. In the ice-free period, the waterline is positioned at the waist line of the hourglass type platform, the area of the waterline is minimum, wave load can be effectively reduced, in addition, the upper cone structure and the lower cone structure increase platform heave damping, and the platform heave motion amplitude is reduced, so that the platform has good hydrodynamic performance.
The nuclear reactor compartment 18 axis is collinear with the axis of the integral floating nuclear power plant and is adjacent to the bottom compartment. The compartment is used for storing a nuclear reactor 2. The nuclear reactor 2 is always located below the waterline under various working conditions, seawater can be used as a natural radiator to cool the nuclear reactor, and the nuclear reactor can play a role in shielding radiation.
The containment 3 is located outside the nuclear reactor 2, and wraps the nuclear reactor 2 inside, thereby protecting the nuclear reactor 2.
The immersed water tank 4 is circular in horizontal cross section, and the shaft of the immersed water tank and the integrated floating nuclear power station are positioned on the same straight line. The immersed water tank 4 surrounds the nuclear reactor tank 18 at the periphery of the nuclear reactor tank 18, can rapidly introduce seawater under extreme conditions, avoids the situation of melting the reactor core, and ensures the safety of the reactor to the greatest extent.
The steam drum compartment 5 is located at the periphery of the nuclear reactor compartment 18 and the lower portion is located within the submerged water compartment 4 at a circumferential angle of 180 °.
The refueling passage 6 is of cylindrical structure, the axis of which is on the same line as the axis of the integral floating nuclear power plant, the bottom of which is adjacent to the nuclear reactor compartment 18, and the top of which is connected to the main deck.
The central control room 7 is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin 18 and is close to the three-dimensional center of the platform, so that the whole control platform can be conveniently and better moved, and meanwhile, the physical protection of the central control room 7 can be enhanced.
The nacelle 8 has a fan-shaped structure with a circumferential angle of 180 ° and is positioned above the nuclear reactor compartment 18, with the bottom adjacent to the nuclear reactor compartment 18 and the top connected to the main deck. And equipment such as a generator, a steam turbine and the like are arranged in the engine room.
The spent fuel pool 9 is of a fan-shaped structure, has a circumferential angle of 180 degrees, is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin 18, is immersed in the water cabin 4, and is adjacent to the steam drum cabin 5.
The number of ballast tanks 10 is large and includes a plurality of tanks, such as bottom tanks, side tanks, etc. The platform draft can be adjusted according to different sea conditions, so that the use requirements are met.
The nuclear reactor standby generator compartment 11 is located above the nuclear reactor compartment 18, below the central control room, at a circumferential angle of 180 ° adjacent to the generator compartment.
The storage battery room 12 and the distribution room 17 are arranged at the periphery of the generator cabin, each storage battery room occupies 3 cabins, and the circumferential angles of the 3 cabins are 180 degrees in total.
The fresh water cabin 13, the sea water desalting cabin 14 and the sea water cabin 15 are positioned at the periphery of the immersed water cabin 4, the top is connected with the storage battery room 12 and the distribution room 17, and the bottom is connected with the bottom cabin. Two sea water desalinization tanks 14 separate the fresh water tank 13 from the sea water tank 15. The two sea water desalting cabins 14 are respectively provided with a sea water desalting device by a thermal method and a sea water desalting device by a membrane method.
The steam generated by the steam turbine set not only meets the requirements of power generation and sea water desalination of the nuclear power station, but also can provide hot steam for a thick oil thermal recovery platform.
The nuclear reactor 2, the steam drum 5, the turbine set, the generator set and the sea water desalting device adopt a modularized design, and corresponding modules can be maintained or replaced regularly.
The chain locker 16 is located below the main deck for storing the chain.
The examples described above represent only embodiments of the invention and are not to be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the invention, it being pointed out that several variants and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the invention, which fall within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The integrated floating nuclear power station is characterized in that the nuclear power station integrates power generation and sea water desalination, is of a revolving body hourglass structure, has a double-layer bottom structure, and comprises an inverted round table-shaped upper structure and a right round table-shaped lower structure, wherein the axes of the upper structure and the lower structure are overlapped;
the lower inclination angle of the lower structure is 30-65 degrees; the vertical height of the lower structure is not smaller than that of the upper structure, and the lower structure is used for guaranteeing the stability of the platform;
the integrated floating nuclear power station is positioned by adopting multipoint mooring, wherein the nuclear reactor is always positioned below a waterline under various working conditions;
the integral floating nuclear power station can adjust the position of the waterline according to the marine environment, and in the ice period, the waterline is positioned at the lower structure, and the damage mode of ice is changed from extrusion damage to bending damage by utilizing the inclined plane of the lower structure, so that the influence of ice load on a platform is reduced; in the ice-free period, the waterline is positioned at the waist line of the hourglass type platform, so that wave load can be reduced;
the nuclear power station comprises a nuclear power station main body (1), a nuclear reactor (2), a containment (3), a submerged water tank (4), a steam drum tank (5), a refueling channel (6), a central control room (7), a cabin (8), a spent fuel pool (9), a ballast tank (10), a nuclear reactor standby generator tank (11), a storage battery room (12), a fresh water tank (13), a sea water desalting tank (14), a sea water tank (15), a distribution room (17), a nuclear reactor tank (18) and a mooring system (19);
the nuclear power station main body (1) is of a revolving body structure and is positioned by adopting a multipoint mooring system (19); the nuclear power station main body (1) is of a double-layer bottom hourglass structure; the nuclear reactor compartment (18) is used for placing a nuclear reactor (2), the axis of the nuclear reactor compartment is positioned on the same straight line with the axis of the integrated floating nuclear power station, and the axis of the nuclear reactor compartment is adjacent to the bottom compartment;
the containment (3) is positioned outside the nuclear reactor (2) and plays a role in protecting the nuclear reactor (2);
the horizontal cross section of the immersed water tank (4) is in a circular ring shape, and the axis of the immersed water tank and the axis of the floating nuclear power station are positioned on the same straight line; the immersed water cabin (4) is arranged at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin (18) and is used for introducing seawater, so that the situation of melting a reactor core of the reactor is avoided, and the safety of the reactor is ensured;
the steam drum cabin (5) is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin (18), and the lower part of the steam drum cabin is positioned in the immersed water cabin (4);
the refueling channel (6) is of a cylindrical structure, the axis of the refueling channel and the axis of the floating nuclear power station are positioned on the same straight line, the bottom of the refueling channel is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin (18), and the top of the refueling channel is connected with the main deck;
the central control room (7) is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin (18) and is close to the three-dimensional center of the platform, and is used for controlling the overall movement direction of the platform;
the cabin (8) is of a fan-shaped structure, is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin (18), is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin (18) at the bottom, and is connected with the main deck at the top; a generator and a steam turbine are arranged in the engine room;
the spent fuel pool (9) is of a fan-shaped structure, is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin (18), is immersed in the water cabin (4), and is adjacent to the steam drum cabin (5);
the plurality of ballast tanks (10) are used for adjusting the draft of the platform according to different sea conditions so as to meet the use requirements;
the nuclear reactor standby generator cabin (11) is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin (18), below the central control room and adjacent to the generator cabin;
the storage battery room (12) and the distribution room (17) are positioned at the periphery of the generator cabin;
the fresh water cabin (13), the sea water desalting cabin (14) and the sea water cabin (15) are positioned at the periphery of the immersed water cabin (4), the top is connected with the storage battery room (12) and the power distribution room (17), and the bottom is connected with the bottom cabin; the fresh water cabin (13) is separated from the seawater cabin (15) by two seawater desalination cabins (14); the two sea water desalting cabins (14) are respectively provided with a hot sea water desalting device and a membrane method sea water desalting device;
the nuclear reactor (2), the steam drum cabin (5), the turbine set, the generator set and the sea water desalting device adopt a modularized design, and corresponding modules can be maintained or replaced at regular time, wherein steam generated by the turbine set not only meets the requirements of power generation and sea water desalting of a nuclear power station, but also provides hot steam for a thickened oil thermal recovery platform.
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Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
CN206907495U (en) * 2017-07-21 2018-01-19 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Nuclear reactor
CN108995778A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-14 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating drilling platform being suitble in polar region ice formation and severe sea condition
CN109250043A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-01-22 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating platform for the probing of polar region ice formation marine oil and gas
CN110386227A (en) * 2019-07-20 2019-10-29 大连理工大学 A kind of rolling pitching heaving decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform
CN111483561A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) Modularization detachable heat supply ship

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140140466A1 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-05-22 David W. Richardson Semi Submersible Nuclear Power Plant and Multipurpose Platform

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
CN206907495U (en) * 2017-07-21 2018-01-19 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Nuclear reactor
CN108995778A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-14 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating drilling platform being suitble in polar region ice formation and severe sea condition
CN109250043A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-01-22 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating platform for the probing of polar region ice formation marine oil and gas
CN110386227A (en) * 2019-07-20 2019-10-29 大连理工大学 A kind of rolling pitching heaving decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform
CN111483561A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) Modularization detachable heat supply ship

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