CN113362977A - Integrated floating nuclear power station - Google Patents

Integrated floating nuclear power station Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113362977A
CN113362977A CN202110783580.6A CN202110783580A CN113362977A CN 113362977 A CN113362977 A CN 113362977A CN 202110783580 A CN202110783580 A CN 202110783580A CN 113362977 A CN113362977 A CN 113362977A
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cabin
nuclear reactor
nuclear power
nuclear
power station
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CN113362977B (en
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李红霞
刘已华
王文华
黄一
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21DNUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00Details of nuclear power plant
    • G21D1/02Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/4446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting nuclear energy into electric energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated floating nuclear power station, which integrates power generation and seawater desalination, is of a revolving body hourglass-shaped structure and comprises an upper structure in an inverted circular truncated cone shape and a lower structure in a right circular truncated cone shape, wherein the axes of the upper structure and the lower structure are superposed. The downward inclination angle of the lower structure ranges from 30 degrees to 65 degrees, and the vertical height of the lower structure is not less than that of the upper structure. The nuclear power plant is positioned by multipoint mooring, wherein the nuclear reactor is always positioned below a waterline under various working conditions. The nuclear power station can adjust the position of the waterline according to the marine environment. The invention can adapt to the environmental conditions of ordinary sea areas and arctic areas; the position of the waterline can be adjusted according to the marine environment, and the combined action of sea ice, ocean current and sea wind can be effectively resisted in the ice season; in the ice-free period, the combined action of sea waves, ocean currents and sea wind can be effectively resisted, and the safety of the platform is improved; the method is applied to the marine environment in normal sea areas and deep water ice regions, and provides environment-friendly, stable and sufficient resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for marine development.

Description

Integrated floating nuclear power station
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ocean engineering, and relates to an integrated floating nuclear power station.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy and the gradual depletion of land resources, more and more countries realize that the ocean is a new space for the survival and development of the countries, and the ocean development becomes an important strategy for many countries. China is one of the countries with more islands in the world, and nearly 500 islands are populated by people. However, for most islands, the biggest problem is that the water and electricity shortage exists for a long time, which seriously restricts the life of the residents in the deep sea and the related scientific research work and military activities of the sea. The offshore floating nuclear power station serving as an offshore fresh water and power supply platform can quickly reach areas where water and electricity are urgently needed by means of stronger transportation capacity at sea, and market requirements are met.
In the arctic region, the weather is severe and cold in the last year. In recent 20 years, with global warming, the ice coverage of the arctic sea is gradually reduced, and open waters which can be routinely navigable appear in summer. Meanwhile, the north pole has important values in the aspects of strategy, military, energy, navigation channel, scientific research, environmental protection and the like. The arctic region contains abundant natural resources, wherein the ascertained oil reserves and natural gas reserves respectively account for 13% and 30% of the world reserves. The north channel is developed, so that the dependence on the conventional route is reduced, and the shipping cost is reduced. The average depth of the north ice ocean is 1200 meters, most areas are covered by sea ice, the climate is cold and the population is rare, and the polar ocean nuclear energy platform is established in the region where people are rarely found, so that the safety to lives and properties of people can be reduced to the maximum extent. The arctic region has a fragile environment, has high requirements on environmental protection of engineering equipment, and the offshore floating nuclear power platform has the advantage of zero emission of harmful gas and can meet the requirements.
The invention is provided for meeting the requirements of island electric power and fresh water resources and ensuring the stable and effective development of polar region resources.
The performance requirements of an integrated floating nuclear power plant include two categories. The first is buoyancy, stability, resistance to settling in still water; the second type is the motion performance and the structural strength performance under the action of environmental loads such as sea wind, sea waves, ocean currents, sea ice, earthquakes and the like. The design of the integrated floating nuclear power station is carried out on the premise of ensuring the performance safety.
According to the structural form of a nuclear power platform in the ocean, the ocean nuclear power platform can be divided into four forms: russian barge-type nuclear power platform, romote voyage number; a gravity-based nuclear power platform proposed in korea; cylindrical nuclear power platform, "OFNP-300/1100", proposed by American Massachusetts institute of technology and technology, and sunken nuclear power platform, "Flexblue", in France. The Russian 'Romonto Suffo courtyard' is the first floating nuclear power station in the world, and the main task of the Russian 'Romonto Suffo courtyard' is to provide electric power for remote industrial enterprises, port cities and offshore oil and gas platforms, so that the power generation efficiency is high, but the service water depth is shallow, and the Russian 'Romonto Suffo courtyard' is not suitable for deep sea areas; the OFNP-300/1100 provided by American Massachusetts and technology adopts a cylindrical design, and the design can utilize seawater to cool a nuclear power station, is not influenced by factors such as earthquake and the like, ensures the safety of the nuclear power station, but cannot well resist ice load and is not suitable for working in an ice area. China develops floating nuclear power stations later than countries in the United states, Russia and the like, and achieves certain performance at present, such as ACP100S marine floating reactors of the Zhongyuan and ACPR50S marine floating nuclear power platforms of the Zhongyuan. The platform is not suitable for the marine environment in deep sea or ice regions, and the application range is small.
The traditional design concept has the following limitations and disadvantages:
(1) the inland nuclear power station is built on land, supports the whole system by virtue of a foundation, and mainly considers the action of wind load and earthquake load. In the marine environment of the ice region, the structure needs to bear the effects of environmental loads such as hydrostatic buoyancy, sea waves, ocean currents, sea ice, sea wind, earthquakes and the like. The complexity of the marine environment results in more complex loading of the platform, nuclear reactor, and connecting and supporting structures. On the other hand, the onshore nuclear power plant has a large structural size and weight and cannot be directly placed on ships and ocean platforms. Therefore, the design of the roadbed nuclear power platform cannot be directly used for a floating nuclear power station.
(2) Traditional marine structure is mostly straight wall type near the waterline, and the sea ice effect structurally will take place the extrusion and destroy, and the structure need bear great ice load, will cause great threat to platform motion performance and structure, can not adapt to the extreme region marine environment condition.
(3) Most of the existing floating nuclear power stations can not simultaneously and effectively resist the combined action of sea ice, sea current, sea wind or sea wave, sea current and sea wind, and only a few of the existing floating nuclear power stations can adapt to the ocean environment of polar regions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the performance limitation in the prior art, the invention provides an integrated floating nuclear power station which is suitable for various water depths and ice area marine environments according to the environmental conditions of the ordinary sea area and the arctic region and the operation requirements of the floating nuclear power station, and can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for coastal cities, islands and ice area marine development and passing ships.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an integral type floating nuclear power station, this nuclear power station is solid of revolution hourglass type structure, has double-deck end structure, and the nuclear power station includes the superstructure of an inverted circular truncated cone shape and the substructure of a positive circular truncated cone shape, and superstructure is the centrum, and the substructure is the lower centrum. The bottom surface with smaller upper structure area is connected with the bottom surface with smaller lower structure area. The axes of the upper and lower structures coincide.
For better ice breaking effect, the downward inclination angle of the lower structure is in the range of 30-65 degrees. In order to ensure the stability of the platform, the vertical height of the lower structure is not less than that of the upper structure.
The integrated floating nuclear power station is positioned by multipoint mooring.
The integral floating nuclear power station can adjust the position of a waterline according to the marine environment, the waterline is positioned at a lower cone in an ice period, and the damage mode of ice is changed from extrusion damage to bending damage by utilizing a lower cone inclined plane, so that the influence of ice load on a platform is reduced. In the ice-free period, the waterline is positioned at the hourglass-shaped waist line, namely the connecting surface of the upper structure and the lower structure, the area of the waterline surface at the position is the smallest, the wave load can be effectively reduced, in addition, the upper cone structure and the lower cone structure increase the heave damping of the platform, the heave motion amplitude of the platform is reduced, and the platform has good hydrodynamic performance.
The nuclear reactor of integral type floating nuclear power station is located below the waterline all the time, and the sea water not only can be as natural radiator, cools down to the nuclear reactor, can also play the barrier effect to the radiation.
The integrated floating nuclear power station integrates power generation and seawater desalination, and can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can adapt to the environmental conditions of ordinary sea areas and arctic regions and meet the operation requirements of nuclear power platforms. The invention can adjust the position of the waterline according to the marine environment, and can effectively resist the combined action of sea ice, ocean current and sea wind in the ice season; in the ice-free period, the combined action of sea waves, ocean currents and sea wind is effectively resisted, and the safety of the platform is greatly improved. The invention can be applied to the marine environment in normal sea areas and deep water ice regions, and provides environment-friendly, stable and sufficient resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for marine development.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional line drawing of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
Fig. 2 is a front sectional view of the integrated floating nuclear power plant.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the integrated floating nuclear power plant a-a.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the integrated floating nuclear power plant B-B.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated floating nuclear power plant C-C.
FIG. 6 is a D-D sectional view of the integrated floating nuclear power plant.
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional model diagram of an integrated floating nuclear power plant.
In the figure: 1 a nuclear power plant main body; 2 a nuclear reactor; 3 a containment vessel; 4 immersing the water tank; 5, a steam drum cabin; 6, a material changing channel; 7, a central control room; 8, a cabin; 9 spent fuel pool; 10 ballast tanks; 11 nuclear reactor standby generator compartments; 12 between the storage batteries; 13 a fresh water compartment; 14 a seawater desalination cabin; 15 a sea water compartment; 16 chain locker; 17 a distribution room; 18 a nuclear reactor bay; 19 mooring system.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
An integrated floating nuclear power plant comprises a nuclear power plant body 1, a nuclear reactor 2, a containment vessel 3, an immersion water tank 4, a steam drum tank 5, a refueling channel 6, a central control room 7, a cabin 8, a spent fuel pool 9, a ballast tank 10, a nuclear reactor standby generator cabin 11, a storage battery room 12, a fresh water cabin 13, a seawater desalination cabin 14, a seawater cabin 15, an anchor chain cabin 16, a power distribution room 17, a nuclear reactor cabin 18 and a mooring system 19. The integrated floating nuclear power station can provide sufficient, stable and environment-friendly resources such as electric power, heat, fresh water, hot steam and the like for ocean development work; can be operated in the ice-free or ice-containing sea area, and has wide application range.
The nuclear power plant main body 1 is of a revolving body structure and is positioned by adopting a multi-point mooring system 19. The nuclear power station main body 1 is of a double-layer bottom structure. The integral type floating nuclear power station can be according to marine environment adjustment waterline position, and in there being ice period, the waterline is located centrum department down, utilizes centrum inclined plane down, destroys the mode of destruction of ice from the extrusion to crooked destruction, reduces the influence of ice load to the platform. In the ice-free period, the waterline is positioned at the waist line of the hourglass-shaped platform, the area of the waterline surface at the position is the smallest, the wave load can be effectively reduced, in addition, the upper and lower cone structures increase the heave damping of the platform, the heave motion amplitude of the platform is reduced, and the platform has good hydrodynamic performance.
The nuclear reactor bay 18 axis is collinear with the axis of the integrated floating nuclear power plant and is adjacent to the bottom bay. The compartment is used to house a nuclear reactor 2. The nuclear reactor 2 is located below the waterline all the time under various operating modes, and the seawater not only can be used as a natural radiator to cool down the nuclear reactor, but also can play a barrier role in radiation.
The containment vessel 3 is positioned outside the nuclear reactor 2, and wraps the nuclear reactor 2 inside to protect the reactor 2.
The submerged water tank 4 is circular in horizontal cross section, and the shaft of the submerged water tank and the integrated floating nuclear power station are located on the same straight line. The immersion water tank 4 is arranged at the periphery of the nuclear reactor tank 18 and surrounds the nuclear reactor tank 18, and under extreme conditions, seawater can be rapidly introduced, so that the situation of melting of the reactor core of the reactor is avoided, and the safety of the reactor is guaranteed to the maximum extent.
The steam drum cabin 5 is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin 18, the lower part of the steam drum cabin is positioned in the submerged water cabin 4, and the circumferential angle of the steam drum cabin is 180 degrees.
The refueling channel 6 is of a cylindrical structure, the shaft of the refueling channel and the shaft of the integrated floating nuclear power station are positioned on the same straight line, the bottom of the refueling channel is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin 18, and the top of the refueling channel is connected with the main deck.
The central control room 7 is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin 18 and close to the three-dimensional center of the platform, so that the integral movement of the control platform is facilitated, and the physical protection of the central control room 7 can be enhanced.
The cabin 8 is of a fan-shaped structure, the circumferential angle of the cabin is 180 degrees, the cabin is located above the nuclear reactor cabin 18, the bottom of the cabin is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin 18, and the top of the cabin is connected with the main deck. And equipment such as a generator, a steam turbine and the like are arranged in the engine room.
The spent fuel pool 9 is of a fan-shaped structure, the circumferential angle of the spent fuel pool is 180 degrees, and the spent fuel pool is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin 18, is immersed in the water cabin 4 and is adjacent to the steam drum cabin 5.
The ballast tank 10 is provided with a plurality of compartments including a bottom compartment, a side compartment and the like. The draught of the platform can be adjusted according to different sea conditions, and the use requirements are met.
The nuclear reactor standby generator room 11 is located above the nuclear reactor room 18 and below the central control room, and the circumferential angle of the nuclear reactor standby generator room is 180 degrees, and the nuclear reactor standby generator room is adjacent to the generator room.
The storage battery room 12 and the power distribution room 17 are located on the periphery of the generator cabin and respectively occupy 3 cabins, and the circumferential angles of the 3 cabins are 180 degrees.
The fresh water cabin 13, the seawater desalination cabin 14 and the seawater cabin 15 are positioned at the periphery of the immersed water cabin 4, the top of the fresh water cabin is connected with the storage battery room 12 and the power distribution room 17, and the bottom of the fresh water cabin is connected with the bottom cabin. Two desalination tanks 14 separate the fresh water tank 13 from the sea water tank 15. The two seawater desalination cabins 14 are respectively provided with a 'hot method' seawater desalination device and a 'membrane method' seawater desalination device.
The steam generated by the steam turbine set can provide hot steam for the thick oil thermal recovery platform besides meeting the requirements of power generation of a nuclear power station and seawater desalination.
The nuclear reactor 2, the steam drum 5, the steam turbine set, the generator set and the seawater desalination device adopt a modular design, and corresponding modules can be maintained or replaced at regular time.
The chain locker 16 is located below the main deck for storing chain bolts.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, but not should be understood as the limitation of the scope of the invention patent, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. An integrated floating nuclear power station is characterized in that the nuclear power station integrates power generation and seawater desalination, is of a revolving body hourglass-shaped structure, has a double-layer bottom structure, and comprises an upper structure in an inverted circular truncated cone shape and a lower structure in a right circular truncated cone shape, wherein the axes of the upper structure and the lower structure are superposed;
the downward inclination angle of the lower structure should be in the range of 30-65 °; the vertical height of the lower structure is not less than that of the upper structure, and the lower structure is used for ensuring the stability of the platform;
the integrated floating nuclear power station is positioned by multipoint mooring, wherein the nuclear reactor is always positioned below a waterline under various working conditions;
the integrated floating nuclear power station can adjust the position of a waterline according to the marine environment, the waterline is positioned at a lower structure in an ice period, and the damage mode of ice is changed from extrusion damage to bending damage by using the inclined surface of the lower structure, so that the influence of ice load on a platform is reduced; in the ice-free period, the waterline is positioned at the waist line of the hourglass-shaped platform, so that the wave load can be reduced.
2. The integrated floating nuclear power plant as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the nuclear power plant comprises a nuclear power plant body (1), a nuclear reactor (2), a containment (3), a submerged water tank (4), a steam drum tank (5), a refueling channel (6), a central control room (7), a cabin (8), a spent fuel pool (9), a ballast tank (10), a nuclear reactor standby power generation cabin (11), a storage battery compartment (12), a fresh water tank (13), a seawater desalination tank (14), a seawater tank (15), a power distribution room (17), a nuclear reactor cabin (18), a mooring system (19);
the nuclear power station main body (1) is of a revolving body structure and is positioned by adopting a multi-point mooring system (19); the nuclear power station main body (1) is of a double-layer bottom hourglass structure; the nuclear reactor cabin (18) is used for placing a nuclear reactor (2), and the axis of the nuclear reactor cabin is positioned on the same straight line with the axis of the integrated floating nuclear power station and is adjacent to the bottom cabin;
the containment (3) is positioned outside the nuclear reactor (2) and plays a role in protecting the reactor (2);
the submerged water tank (4) is circular in horizontal cross section, and the axis of the submerged water tank are positioned on the same straight line; the immersion water tank (4) is arranged at the periphery of the nuclear reactor tank (18) and is used for introducing seawater, so that the condition of melting of a reactor core of the reactor is avoided, and the safety of the reactor is guaranteed;
the steam drum cabin (5) is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin (18), and the lower part of the steam drum cabin is positioned in the submerged water cabin (4);
the refueling channel (6) is of a cylindrical structure, the shaft of the refueling channel and the shaft of the floating nuclear power station are positioned on the same straight line, the bottom of the refueling channel is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin (18), and the top of the refueling channel is connected with the main deck;
the central control room (7) is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin (18) and close to the three-dimensional center of the platform and is used for controlling the integral moving direction of the platform;
the cabin (8) is of a fan-shaped structure and is positioned above the nuclear reactor cabin (18), the bottom of the cabin is adjacent to the nuclear reactor cabin (18), and the top of the cabin is connected with the main deck; arranging a generator, a steam turbine or other required equipment in the engine room;
the spent fuel pool (9) is of a fan-shaped structure, is positioned at the periphery of the nuclear reactor cabin (18), is immersed in the water cabin (4), and is adjacent to the steam drum cabin (5);
the ballast tanks (10) are multiple and used for adjusting the draught of the platform according to different sea conditions to meet the use requirements;
the nuclear reactor standby generator room (11) is positioned above the nuclear reactor room (18), below the central control room and adjacent to the generator room;
the storage battery room (12) and the power distribution room (17) are positioned at the periphery of the generator room;
the fresh water cabin (13), the seawater desalination cabin (14) and the seawater cabin (15) are positioned at the periphery of the immersed water cabin (4), the top of the fresh water cabin is connected with the storage battery room (12) and the power distribution room (17), and the bottom of the fresh water cabin is connected with the bottom cabin; the two seawater desalination cabins (14) separate the fresh water cabin (13) from the seawater cabin (15); the two seawater desalination cabins (14) are respectively provided with a 'hot method' seawater desalination device and a 'membrane method' seawater desalination device;
the nuclear reactor (2), the steam drum (5), the steam turbine set, the generator set and the seawater desalination device adopt a modular design, and corresponding modules can be maintained or replaced at regular time, wherein steam generated by the steam turbine set can provide hot steam for the thick oil thermal recovery platform besides the requirements of meeting the requirements of power generation of a nuclear power station and seawater desalination.
CN202110783580.6A 2021-07-12 2021-07-12 Integrated floating nuclear power station Active CN113362977B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
US20140140466A1 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-05-22 David W. Richardson Semi Submersible Nuclear Power Plant and Multipurpose Platform
CN206907495U (en) * 2017-07-21 2018-01-19 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Nuclear reactor
CN108995778A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-14 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating drilling platform being suitble in polar region ice formation and severe sea condition
CN109250043A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-01-22 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating platform for the probing of polar region ice formation marine oil and gas
CN110386227A (en) * 2019-07-20 2019-10-29 大连理工大学 A kind of rolling pitching heaving decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform
CN111483561A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) Modularization detachable heat supply ship

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140140466A1 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-05-22 David W. Richardson Semi Submersible Nuclear Power Plant and Multipurpose Platform
CN103085947A (en) * 2012-10-15 2013-05-08 大连理工大学 Hourglass type ocean engineering floating structure
CN206907495U (en) * 2017-07-21 2018-01-19 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 Nuclear reactor
CN108995778A (en) * 2018-08-17 2018-12-14 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating drilling platform being suitble in polar region ice formation and severe sea condition
CN109250043A (en) * 2018-08-17 2019-01-22 招商局重工(江苏)有限公司 A kind of floating platform for the probing of polar region ice formation marine oil and gas
CN110386227A (en) * 2019-07-20 2019-10-29 大连理工大学 A kind of rolling pitching heaving decoupling bindiny mechanism for the connection of separate type ice formation nuclear power platform
CN111483561A (en) * 2020-04-29 2020-08-04 武汉第二船舶设计研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所) Modularization detachable heat supply ship

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