CN113359370A - Optical digital-to-analog conversion method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical digital-to-analog conversion method and a device, the device comprises a mode-locked laser, a dispersion device, a frequency spectrum shaper, a digital signal generator, an electro-optic modulator, a dispersion compensation device, a photoelectric detector and a low-pass filter, wherein the mode-locked laser, the dispersion device, the frequency spectrum shaper, the electro-optic modulator, the dispersion compensation device, the photoelectric detector and the low-pass filter are sequentially connected, and the digital signal generator is connected with the electro-optic modulator. The device has simple structure, can easily realize incoherent superposition, and is easy to operate and integrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing of optical communication, and particularly relates to a method and a device for converting a digital signal into an analog signal by combining an optical pulse widening and compressing technology and a frequency spectrum shaping method.
Background
Digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) bridges the digital world and the analog world. High-speed DACs play an important role in many modern applications, such as arbitrary waveform generators, broadband radars, wireless and optical communication instruments, etc. However, due to slew rate limitations, current electronic digital-to-analog converters are one of the major bottlenecks in many applications requiring wideband signal generation. With the development of photonic technology, photon-assisted DACs have shown the potential to improve the conversion rate and resolution of DACs. The photon DAC has the advantages of high-speed sampling clock, low time jitter, large bandwidth, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. Furthermore, photonic DACs are naturally compatible with fiber optic communication and sensor networks and therefore can be applied in the tag processors of all optical switching networks.
The basic idea of implementing a photonic digital-to-analog converter is to weight the intensities of multiple optical carriers from an input digital signal and then sum them at the end of an optical link, which can be implemented in a parallel or serial manner. Peng Y, Zhang H, "Photonic Digital to Analog Converter Based on summation of Serial Weighted Multi-wavelength Pulses", IEEE photon, technique, Lett.2008,20(24): 2135-. A multi-mode interference combiner and multi-wavelength/dispersion based Serial photonic Digital-to-Analog converter is proposed in Gehl M, Dpkus C, "2-Gb/s all-Optical Serial Digital-to-Analog converter," Wiley Subscription Services Inc. a Wiley Co.2009,51(6): 1561-. Typical parallel methods include photon Digital-to-analog converter method using multiple electro-optic modulators in Yacobian A, Das PK., "Digital-to-analog conversion electronic modulators," IEEE photon. technique. Lett.2003,15(1), "117-" photon Digital-to-analog converter method using multiple electro-optic modulators in 117 | -J, Wen H, Zheng X, "level 2N bit photonic Digital-to-analog converter method using double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator with Digital detection," optical. Lett.2012,37: 1502. optical Digital-to-analog conversion using double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators, Oda S, Maruta, "optical-to-analog converter method 2005-optical converter method, 99. non-linear optical conversion electronic modulator method using non-parallel optical Digital-to-analog converter method, IEEE express H, 76. 1. sub.7. sub.1. optical-analog-to-Digital converter method using multiple electro-optical modulators in" IEEE photon Digital-linear conversion electronic circuits ". 10310 in (13), (25) and (10310) utilizes pulse pattern recognition to realize all-optical digital-to-analog conversion. Achieving stable intensity summation, i.e., non-coherent superposition, of modulated optical carriers is one of the major technical challenges for optical digital-to-analog conversion. Therefore, how to realize incoherent superposition by using a simple and effective structure still remains a technical problem to be solved urgently in the technical field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an optical digital-to-analog conversion method and device based on optical pulse stretching/compression and spectrum shaping, the technical scheme is that optical pulses can be stretched in a time domain to be chirped optical pulses with the wavelength changing along with time through a dispersion device to realize optical pulse stretching, a spectrum shaper is used for weighting the chirped optical pulses, a Mach-Zehnder modulator is used for realizing modulation of digital signals and weighted optical signals, a dispersion compensation device is used for realizing optical pulse compression to obtain incoherent superposition signals, and finally, an optical detector and a low-pass filter are used for receiving analog signals. The device has simple structure, can easily realize incoherent superposition, and is easy to operate and integrate.
The scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an optical digital-to-analog conversion device comprises a mode-locked laser, a dispersion device, a frequency spectrum shaper, a digital signal generator, an electro-optical modulator, a dispersion compensation device, a photoelectric detector and a low-pass filter, wherein the mode-locked laser, the dispersion device, the frequency spectrum shaper, the electro-optical modulator, the dispersion compensation device, the photoelectric detector and the low-pass filter are sequentially connected, and the digital signal generator is connected with the electro-optical modulator.
Preferably, the electro-optical modulator is a Mach-Zehnder electro-optical modulator.
Preferably, the mode-locked laser generates stable pulsed light and passes through a dispersion device to obtain chirped light pulse with wavelength changing with time.
Preferably, the spectrum shaper acquires 4 segments of spectrum with weights 8I,4I, 2I, I having uniform widths but mutually disjoint spectra.
Preferably, the electro-optical modulator modulates a digital signal and a weighted chirped optical pulse signal, and the most significant bit, the second least significant bit and the least significant bit of the digital signal are respectively associated with the highest weighted 8I frequency band (ω) obtained by the spectrum shaper0～ω1) Second highest weight 4I band (omega)1～ω2) Sub-low weight 2I band (omega)2～ω3) And the lowest weight I band (ω)3～ω4) Is modulated.
Preferably, the modulation signal is subjected to spectrum compression by a dispersion compensation device to obtain a superimposed signal, and then subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photoelectric detector, and the low-pass filter is subjected to smoothing processing to obtain an analog signal corresponding to the digital signal.
Preferably, the signal received by the photodetector appears in the form of a pulse, and the digital signal is defined as "1" to allow the optical band to pass through, and the digital signal is defined as "0" to disallow the optical band to pass through.
The invention also discloses an optical digital-to-analog conversion method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a mode-locked laser generates a periodic pulse train, and the periodic pulse train is subjected to pulse broadening through a dispersion device to obtain chirped light pulses;
s2, the chirped light pulse with the multiple weight of 2 is obtained through a frequency spectrum shaper and enters the light input port of the electro-optical modulator;
s3, serial digital signals generated by the digital signal generator enter an electric input port of the electro-optic modulator, and the chirped light pulse with the weight and the digital signals are modulated in the electro-optic modulator;
s4, the signal modulated by the electro-optical modulator is subjected to pulse compression in the time domain of the signal through a dispersion compensation device to obtain an optical pulse string carrying digital information; the optical pulse string carrying the digital information is subjected to photoelectric conversion through a photoelectric detector; and smoothing the signal subjected to the photoelectric conversion by a low-pass filter to obtain an analog signal.
Further, in step S1, the optical pulse train from the mode-locked laser is sent to a dispersion device to obtain chirped optical pulses which are stretched in the time domain to have a frequency varying with time. The chirped light pulse has a wavelength range of omega0-ωN。
Further, in step S2, the chirped optical pulse sequence with the wavelength varying with time is sent to a spectrum shaper to obtain a band weight of 2n-1I,2n-220I, n frequency spectrums with consistent spectrum width and mutually disjoint frequency spectrums, wherein I represents the optical power of the chirped light pulse after passing through the dispersion device, and the frequency band with the highest weight
At the end, the frequency band with the lightest weight
At the top, the ith segment of chirped light pulse with weight is:
Further, in step S3, the chirped light pulse and the digital signal enter an electro-optical modulator together to be electro-optically modulated to obtain a modulated signal. The bias voltage of the electro-optic modulator should be set to 3Vπ/2，VπDefined as the half-wave voltage of the electro-optic modulator.
Further, in step S3, the period of the n-bit serial digital signal is consistent with the period of the mode-locked laser, and the highest bit of the digital signal corresponds to the band with the highest weight when performing electro-optical modulation
The least significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to the band with the lowest weight
When the digital signal is 0, light of the corresponding frequency band is not allowed to pass, and when the digital signal is 1, light of the corresponding frequency band is allowed to pass, so that the optical digital-to-analog conversion electro-optical modulation process is completed.
And the photoelectrically modulated signal is sent to a dispersion compensation device for pulse compression, and the modulated signal is compressed into optical pulse again to complete the superposition process of optical digital-to-analog conversion.
The light pulse after weighted superposition is subjected to photoelectric conversion by a photoelectric detector and then enters a low-pass filter for smoothing to obtain an analog signal.
The mode-locked laser is used for generating stable pulse light and obtaining chirped light pulse with wavelength changing along with time through the dispersion device, and the frequency spectrum shaper is used for obtaining a chirp light pulse with the weight of 2n-1I,2n-2I...20I n frequency spectrums with same width and mutually disjoint frequency spectrums, an electro-optical modulator is used for realizing the modulation of a digital signal and a chirp optical pulse signal with weight, and the most significant bit, the secondary significant bit and the least significant bit of the digital signal are respectively equal to the most weight 2 obtained by a frequency spectrum shapern-1I frequency band
Second highest weight 2n-2I frequency band
And lowest weight 20I frequency band
The modulation signal is subjected to pulse compression through a dispersion compensation device to obtain a superposed signal, photoelectric conversion is carried out through a photoelectric detector, and finally, a low-pass filter is used for smoothing to obtain an analog signal corresponding to the digital signal.
Compared with the prior art, the optical digital-to-analog conversion method and device based on optical pulse widening/compression and spectral shaping, which are provided by the invention, realize the weighting process by utilizing spectral shaping and realize the superposition process by utilizing optical pulse widening and compression. The device has simple structure, can easily realize incoherent superposition, and is easy to operate and integrate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 4-bit optical digital-to-analog conversion structure based on pulse position modulation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the correspondence between the digital signal and the analog signal for implementing the 4-bit optical digital-to-analog conversion according to the present invention, and the signal conversion process.
Wherein, in fig. 1: the device comprises a mode-locked laser (1), a dispersion device (2), a spectrum shaper (3), a digital signal generator (4), a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator (5), a dispersion compensation device (6), a photoelectric detector (7) and a low-pass filter (8).
Wherein ω is the weighted signal in FIG. 20～ω1The frequency band corresponds to the Most Significant Bit (MSB) of the digital signal, ω of the weighted signal1～ω2The frequency band corresponds to the second most significant bit (MSB2) of the digital signal, omega of the weighted signal2～ω3The frequency band corresponds to the second least significant bit (LSB2) of the digital signal, omega of the weighted signal3～ω4The frequency band corresponds to the Least Significant Bit (LSB) of the digital signal.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can easily understand the technical solutions of the present invention. The present invention addresses the limitations of the prior art by providing an optical digital-to-analog conversion scheme based on optical pulse stretching/compression and spectral shaping.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical digital-to-analog conversion apparatus based on optical pulse stretching/compression and spectrum shaping in this embodiment includes a mode-locked laser 1, a dispersive device 2, a spectrum shaper 3, a digital signal generator 4, a mach-zehnder electro-optic modulator 5, a dispersion compensation device 6, a photodetector 7, a low-pass filter 8, where the mode-locked laser 1, the dispersive device 2, the spectrum shaper 3, the mach-zehnder electro-optic modulator 5, the dispersion compensation device 6, the photodetector 7, and the low-pass filter 8 are sequentially connected, and the digital signal generator 4 is connected with the mach-zehnder electro-optic modulator 5.
The mode-locked laser 1 is used for generating stable pulse light and obtaining chirped light pulse with the wavelength changing along with time through the dispersion device 2. The spectrum shaper 3 is used to obtain 4 segments of spectrum with weights 8I,4I, 2I, I having uniform widths but mutually disjoint spectra. The mach-zehnder electro-optic modulator 5 is used for realizing modulation of a digital signal and a chirped optical pulse signal with weight, and the most significant bit, the second least significant bit and the least significant bit of the digital signal are respectively equal to the most weight 8I frequency band (omega) obtained by the frequency spectrum shaper 30～ω1) Second highest weight 4I band (omega)1～ω2) Sub-low weight 2I band (omega)2～ω3) And the lowest weight I band (ω)3～ω4) The modulated signal is subjected to spectrum compression by a dispersion compensation device 6 to obtain a superposed signal, and then photoelectric conversion is carried out by a photoelectric detector 7, and finally, a low-pass filter 8 is used for smoothing to obtain an analog signal corresponding to the digital signal.
Finally, the signal received by the photodetector 7 appears in a pulse form, and when the digital signal is defined as "1", the optical band is allowed to pass through, and when the digital signal is defined as "0", the optical band is not allowed to pass through, taking the digital signal of fig. 2 as an example, the analog quantity corresponding to the digital signal 1010 is 10, the analog quantity corresponding to the digital signal 0101 is 5, the analog quantity corresponding to the digital signal 0100 is 4, and the analog quantity corresponding to the digital signal 1001 is 9.
As shown in fig. 1-2, in the embodiment, by taking a 4-bit optical analog-to-digital conversion as an example, the optical digital-to-analog conversion method based on optical pulse stretching/compression and spectrum shaping specifically includes the following steps: s1, a mode-locked laser 1 generates a periodic pulse light string, and the periodic pulse light string is subjected to pulse broadening through a dispersion device 2 to obtain a chirped light pulse;
s2, as shown in FIG. 2, the chirped light pulse passes through a frequency spectrum shaper 3 to obtain a chirped signal with the multiple weight of 2, and the chirped signal with the weight enters an optical input port of a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator 5;
s3, serial digital signals generated by the digital signal generator 4 enter an electric input port of the Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator 5, and the chirp signals with the weights are modulated with the digital signals;
s4, carrying out pulse compression on the signal modulated by the Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator 5 through a dispersion compensation device 6 to obtain an optical pulse string carrying digital information; the optical pulse string carrying the digital information is subjected to photoelectric conversion through a photoelectric detector 7; the signal after the photoelectric conversion is smoothed by the low-pass filter 8 to obtain an analog signal.
In step S1, the optical pulse train from the mode-locked laser 1 is sent to the dispersion device 2 to obtain chirped optical pulses that are stretched in the time domain to have a frequency that varies with time. The chirped light pulse has a wavelength range of omega0～ω4。
In step S2, the chirped optical pulse sequence with time varying with frequency is sent to the spectrum shaper 3 to obtain 4 frequency spectrums with consistent widths and mutually disjoint spectrums and with weights of 8I,4I, 2I, where I represents the optical power of the chirped optical pulse after passing through the dispersive device 2, and the weight of 8I frequency band (ω £ w)0～ω1) At the end, the frequency band (ω) with weight I3～ω4) At the very head, the 4 segments of chirped light pulses with weights are respectively: 8I (omega)0～ω1)，4I(ω1～ω2)，2I(ω2～ω3)，I(ω3～ω4). Weighting to complete the 4-bit optical digital-to-analog conversionAnd (6) carrying out the process.
In step S3, the chirped light pulse and the digital signal enter the mach-zehnder electro-optic modulator 5 together for electro-optic modulation, so as to obtain a modulation signal. The bias voltage of the mach-zehnder modulator 5 should be set to 3Vπ/2，VπDefined as the half-wave voltage of the mach-zehnder modulator 5. The period of the 4-bit serial digital signal is consistent with that of the mode-locked laser 1, and the most significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to the bit with weight 8I (omega) during electro-optical modulation0～ω1) The second most significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to a band with a weight of 4I (ω)1～ω2) The second most significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to a band with a weight 2I (ω)2～ω3) The least significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to a band weight I (ω)3～ω4) When the digital signal is 0, the light of the corresponding frequency band is not allowed to pass through, and when the digital signal is 1, the light of the corresponding frequency band is allowed to pass through, so that the electro-optical modulation of the scheme is completed.
In step S4, the photoelectrically modulated signal is sent to the dispersion compensation device 6 for pulse compression, and the weighted signal carrying digital information is compressed into optical pulses again, thereby completing the superposition process of optical digital-to-analog conversion. The weighted and superimposed light pulses are subjected to photoelectric conversion by a photoelectric detector 7 and then enter a low-pass filter 8 for smoothing to obtain analog signals.
The real-time Fourier transformation principle of the pulse after passing through the dispersion device is as follows:
assuming that a pulse signal emitted by the mode-locked laser 1 is x (t), and passes through a dispersion device 2 with dispersion phi, the dispersion impulse response of the dispersion device is
Its output y (t) can be expressed as
When the pulse x (t) is inputted, the pulse width Deltat of the pulse x (t)0When the dispersion amount Φ of the dispersion device is sufficiently small and large, the condition is satisfied:
due to the fact that
So that in the formula y (t)
Can be ignored, so the above formula y (t) can be approximated as
Therefore, the spectrum envelope of the input signal is mapped to the time domain after passing through the dispersion device, and the mapping scale transformation relation is ω ═ t/Φ. In the formula, when the dispersion parameter Φ contains only the first-order dispersion coefficient
The system achieves a linear frequency-time mapping.
The invention relates to an optical fiber communication system and microwave photonics, and discloses an optical digital-to-analog conversion method and device based on optical pulse widening/compression and spectrum shaping. In the device, optical pulses are firstly broadened in a time domain through a dispersion device to obtain chirp signals, and then the power of different frequency bands in a single period of the obtained chirp signals is changed into a multiple of 2 through a spectrum shaper to realize a weighting process. The chirp signal and the digital signal carrying different power information are injected into a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator for modulation, the modulation signal is connected with a section of dispersion compensation optical fiber for pulse compression to realize a superposition process, the superposed signal is converted into an electric signal through a photoelectric detector, and finally the electric signal enters a low-pass filter for smooth processing, so that the process of converting the digital signal into an analog signal is realized. Compared with the traditional digital-to-analog conversion scheme, the scheme ensures incoherent superposition in the optical digital-to-analog conversion process by using spectral broadening and spectral compression, effectively avoids the problem of system instability caused by coherent superposition, and only needs one pair of conjugate dispersion optical fibers, one spectral shaper, one photoelectric modulator, one photoelectric detector and one low-pass filter, so that the device has a simple structure and is easy to integrate.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical digital-to-analog conversion device is characterized by comprising a mode-locked laser (1), a dispersion device (2), a frequency spectrum shaper (3), a digital signal generator (4), an electro-optic modulator (5), a dispersion compensation device (6), a photoelectric detector (7) and a low-pass filter (8), wherein the mode-locked laser (1), the dispersion device (2), the frequency spectrum shaper (3), the electro-optic modulator (5), the dispersion compensation device (6), the photoelectric detector (7) and the low-pass filter (8) are sequentially connected, and the digital signal generator (4) is connected with the electro-optic modulator (5).
2. Optical digital-to-analog conversion arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the electro-optical modulator (5) is a mach-zehnder electro-optical modulator.
3. Optical digital-to-analog conversion arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mode-locked laser (1) generates a stable pulsed light and passes through a dispersive device (2) to obtain a chirped light pulse with a wavelength varying over time.
4. Optical digital-to-analog conversion arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the spectrum shaper (3) acquires 4 frequency spectra with uniform width of the band weights 8I,4I, 2I, but mutually disjoint frequency spectra.
5. Optical digital-to-analog converter arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the electro-optical modulator (5) effects modulation of a digital signal and a weighted chirped optical pulse signal, the most significant bit, the second least significant bit and the least significant bit of the digital signal being respectively associated with the highest weighted 8I band (ω) obtained by the spectrum shaper (3)0～ω1) Second highest weight 4I band (omega)1～ω2) Sub-low weight 2I band (omega)2～ω3) And the lowest weight I band (ω)3～ω4) Is modulated.
6. The optical digital-to-analog conversion apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the modulation signal is subjected to spectrum compression by the dispersion compensation device (6) to obtain a superimposed signal, and then subjected to photoelectric conversion by the photodetector (7), and the low-pass filter (8) performs smoothing processing to obtain an analog signal corresponding to the digital signal.
7. Optical digital-to-analog conversion device according to claim 6, characterized in that the signal received by the photodetector (7) appears in the form of pulses, which define a digital signal "1" allowing the passage of the optical band and a digital signal "0" not allowing the passage of the optical band.
8. An optical digital-to-analog conversion method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a mode-locked laser (1) generates a periodic pulse train, and the periodic pulse train is subjected to pulse broadening through a dispersion device (2) to obtain chirped light pulses;
s2, the chirped light pulse passes through a frequency spectrum shaper (3) to obtain a chirped light pulse with 2 times of weight, and the chirped light pulse enters a light input port of the electro-optical modulator (5);
s3, serial digital signals generated by the digital signal generator (4) enter an electric input port of the electro-optic modulator (5), and the chirp light pulses and the digital signals are modulated in the electro-optic modulator;
s4, the signal modulated by the electro-optical modulator (5) is subjected to pulse compression in the time domain of the signal through a dispersion compensation device (6) to obtain an optical pulse string carrying digital information; the optical pulse string carrying digital information is subjected to photoelectric conversion through a photoelectric detector (7); and smoothing the signal subjected to the photoelectric conversion by a low-pass filter (8) to obtain an analog signal.
9. The optical digital-to-analog conversion method according to claim 8, wherein in step S1, the optical pulse sequence from the mode-locked laser is sent to a dispersion device to obtain chirped optical pulses which are broadened in time domain to have a wavelength varying with time; the chirped light pulse has a wavelength range of omega0～ωN。
10. The optical digital-to-analog conversion method of claim 9, characterized in that in step S2, the chirped optical pulse sequence with time-varying wavelength is sent to a spectrum shaper to obtain a band weight of 2n-1I,2n-2I...20The spectrum width of I is consistent, but n frequency spectrums of the frequency spectrums are mutually disjoint, wherein I represents the optical power of the chirped light pulse after passing through the dispersion device, and the frequency band with the highest weight
At the end, the frequency band with the lightest weight
At the top, the ith segment of chirped light pulse with weight is:
wherein n is a positive integer, and i is a positive integer not greater than n;
or, in step S3, the chirped light pulse with the weight and the digital signal enter an electro-optical modulator together to perform electro-optical modulation, so as to obtain a modulation signal carrying digital information; the bias voltage of the electro-optical modulator should be set to 3V pi/2, wherein V pi is defined as half-wave voltage of the electro-optical modulator;
or, in step S3, the period of the n-bit serial digital signal is consistent with the period of the mode-locked laser, and when performing the electro-optical modulation, the most significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to the band with the highest weight
The least significant bit of the digital signal corresponds to the band with the lowest weight
When the digital signal is 0, light of the corresponding frequency band is not allowed to pass, and when the digital signal is 1, light of the corresponding frequency band is allowed to pass.
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| CN114265261A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | High-speed photon analog-to-digital conversion method and system based on pulse processing |
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