CN111884727A - High-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on digital mapping - Google Patents
High-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on digital mapping Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion system based on digital mapping. The system comprises a wide-spectrum light source, a wavelength division demultiplexer, N optical attenuators, N digital mappers, N Mach-Zehnder modulators, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric detector and a low-pass filter, wherein the system utilizes the wide-spectrum light source to provide continuous optical carriers, frequency-reduced digital signals are modulated to optical carriers with different frequencies through the Mach-Zehnder modulators, modulated signals are connected into the wavelength division multiplexer to realize the weighted superposition of the digital signals with different weight bits, then the photoelectric detectors perform photoelectric conversion and are connected into the low-pass filter to perform smooth processing, and therefore the conversion from the digital signals to analog signals is realized. The scheme uses a digital mapping mode to carry out frequency reduction processing on a digital signal to be converted in advance, so that the multiplication of the conversion rate and the system bandwidth of the system is realized by using the existing conversion equipment, and meanwhile, the system has a simple structure and is easy to operate and integrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal processing of optical communication, and particularly relates to a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on digital mapping.
Background
Digital-to-analog Converter (DAC) is an irreplaceable bridge between the Digital world and the analog world. In recent years, in the fields of modern radar, wireless communication and the like, the performance of a digital-to-analog converter, which is a key device for converting a digital signal into an analog signal, directly affects the speed, bandwidth and precision of the whole signal processing system. With the development of radar and communication technologies, ultra-wideband high-frequency signals generated and recovered by high-speed and high-precision digital-to-analog converters help to improve the performance of communication systems. However, due to inherent limitations of electrons such as radio frequency delay, time jitter, electromagnetic interference and the like, the conventional electronic DAC can only balance between energy efficiency and bandwidth, cannot simultaneously improve conversion rate and conversion accuracy, and cannot meet the requirements of large bandwidth and high accuracy of the conventional signal processing system. With the development of optical technology, it is a method with great development prospect to utilize photon technology to break through the bottlenecks of clock jitter and electromagnetic interference in the traditional scheme so as to realize high-speed and high-precision digital-to-analog converters, to give full play to the advantages of high-speed sampling clock, large bandwidth and no electromagnetic interference in photon technology to realize the conversion from digital signals to analog signals, and to improve the performance of communication systems.
Existing optical digital-to-analog conversion schemes are classified into serial and parallel according to the input type of digital signals. In 2001, NTT corporation of japan proposed an optical digital-to-analog conversion scheme based on weighted delay, which was the earliest optical serial input digital-to-analog scheme, in which multiple paths of identical serial digital signals were subjected to optical attenuation and applied with corresponding bit weights, and each channel was delayed by a corresponding bit period and then superimposed by an interferometer, and an optical decision gate was used to extract analog signals formed by conversion of corresponding digital signals. However, the most important disadvantage of this scheme is that the phase of each path of signal needs to be precisely controlled to realize the same wavelength superposition, and a high-speed optical decision gate is required to extract the signal to realize the conversion from the digital signal to the analog signal. The university of qinghua proposed in 2008 a photon digital-to-analog conversion scheme based on a multi-wavelength weighted pulse sequence, which uses a dispersion fiber to make a weighted multi-wavelength pulse train disperse and separate in the time domain and respectively modulate different weighted bits of a serial digital signal, the modulated signal passes through a dispersion compensation fiber to realize weighted superposition of a modulation signal in the time domain, and a photoelectric detector is used to realize photoelectric conversion and low-pass filtering to obtain a corresponding analog signal. The scheme has precise requirements on pulse period, optical fiber dispersion amount and the like, and the conversion precision is limited by the repetition period of the multi-wavelength pulse. The photon serial digital-to-analog conversion scheme can directly process and convert serial digital signals, has a simple system structure, and has a lower conversion rate compared with a parallel scheme capable of simultaneously converting digital signals with a plurality of bits. IPITEK in 2003 proposed a parallel conversion scheme that implemented parallel processing of digital signals using a parallel electro-optical modulator array, followed by non-coherent superposition of the modulated signals by a photodetector array. The scheme has the advantages of high conversion rate and easy integration, but the response speed and the extinction ratio of the modulator, the bandwidth of the photoelectric detector and the like can become limiting factors of the system performance. The university of Qinghua in 2007 adopts a wide-spectrum light source on the basis of an IPITEK parallel scheme to reduce interference noise in the incoherent superposition process. In 2005, osaka university proposed a photon digital-to-analog conversion scheme based on a Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror (NOLM), and the pulse output direction and amplitude were controlled by using the NOLM reflection spectrum and transmission spectrum to realize weighted superposition of different bit weight signals to obtain corresponding analog signal output. The scheme utilizes the NOLM nonlinear principle that the system response speed is high, but 2N-1 NOLMs are needed for realizing N-bit conversion precision, and the system structure is complex. The 2014 department of China also proposed a photonic digital-to-analog conversion scheme based on a micro-ring resonator, and the modulation of a digital signal is realized by controlling the movement of the resonant wavelength of the micro-ring resonator by using high and low voltages. The scheme realizes parallel digital-to-analog conversion by using a plurality of microring resonators, the microring resonators have the advantages of ultra-small size and low power consumption, the system complexity is reduced, and the system integration is convenient, but the slew rate of the microring resonators is not high, so that the slew rate of the whole system is limited. Therefore, how to simplify the system structure and improve the system performance by a simple and effective method is still a concern.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and system based on digital mapping aiming at the defects of the existing photon digital-to-analog conversion technology, which are used for carrying out frequency reduction processing on a digital signal, solves the problem that the conversion rate of a photon digital-to-analog conversion system is limited by the existing equipment, greatly improves the conversion rate of the photon digital-to-analog conversion system, and is simple and easy to realize.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method based on digital mapping comprises the following steps:
s1, generating continuous light carriers by a wide-spectrum light source, dividing the continuous light carriers into N paths of parallel light carriers with different wavelengths after passing through a wavelength division demultiplexer, and continuously and respectively entering Mach-Zehnder modulators corresponding to optical attenuators after the N paths of light carriers respectively pass through the optical attenuators corresponding to each path of light carriers in parallel;
s2, N digital mappers carry out frequency reduction processing on the digital signals input into the N digital mappers and output two paths of digital signals, and the two paths of digital signals output by each digital mapper enter the Mach-Zehnder modulator corresponding to each digital mapper;
s3, the N Mach-Zehnder modulators modulate the two paths of digital signals entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators to optical carriers entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators, and output one path of optical modulation signals, and the N paths of optical modulation signals enter the wavelength division multiplexer;
s4, the wavelength division multiplexer performs weighted superposition on the N paths of optical modulation signals with different weights and outputs a path of multiplexing optical signal, and the multiplexing optical signal enters the photoelectric detector to be converted into an electric signal and then enters the low-pass filter to be smoothed to obtain an analog signal.
Further, in step S1, the power ratio of the N optical carriers passing through the optical attenuator corresponding to each optical carrier is:
whereinRepresents the power of the optical carrier after passing through the ith optical attenuator, i is 1,2, 3.
Further, the input digital signal D of N digital mappers1,D2,...,DNThe digital signal to be converted is respectively corresponding to LSB, NLSB and MSB data string after serial-parallel conversion, wherein the LSB is the least significant bit, the NLSB is the significant bit closest to the LSB, and the MSB is the most significant bit.
Further, two paths of digital signals S output by each digital mapperi1、Si2(i ═ 1, 2.., N) satisfies:
wherein Si1Representing the first digital signal, S, output from the ith digital mapperi2Representing the second path of digital signals output by the ith digital mapper;
n/2, n is the length of the input digital signal of the digital mapper, VsThe amplitude of the down-converted signal is output to the digital mapper.
Further, the peak value of the digital signal output by each digital mapper is Vπ。
Further, in step S3, the initial phase of the modulation signal output by each mach-zehnder modulator is pi.
Further, the initial phase of the modulation signal output by each Mach-Zehnder modulator is controlled by bias voltage provided by a direct current power supply, and the magnitude of the bias voltage is equal to Vπ。
Further, in the step S3, the intensity I of the optical modulation signal output by each mach-zehnder modulatoriThe expression of (i ═ 1, 2.., N) is:
wherein, alpha is pi Vs/VπRepresenting the modulation depth and T representing the bit period of the output signal of the digital mapper.
The invention also discloses a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion system based on digital mapping, which comprises a wide-spectrum light source, a wavelength division demultiplexer, N optical attenuators, N digital mappers, N Mach-Zehnder modulators, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric detector and a low-pass filter;
a broad spectrum light source for generating a continuous optical carrier;
the wavelength division demultiplexer is used for dividing the continuous optical carrier into N paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths;
the optical attenuator is used for attenuating the optical power of the parallel optical carrier wave corresponding to the optical attenuator;
the digital mapper is used for carrying out frequency reduction processing on the digital signal input into the digital mapper and outputting two paths of digital signals;
the Mach-Zehnder modulator is used for modulating the two paths of digital signals corresponding to the Mach-Zehnder modulator onto the corresponding optical carrier attenuated by the optical attenuator and outputting one path of optical modulation signal;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for performing weighted superposition on the N paths of optical modulation signals with different weights output by the N Mach-Zehnder modulators and outputting a path of multiplexing optical signal;
a photodetector for converting the multiplexed optical signal into an electrical signal;
and the low-pass filter is used for smoothing the electric signal and obtaining an analog signal.
The invention has the advantages that: compared with the traditional photon digital-to-analog conversion scheme, the scheme performs frequency reduction processing on the digital signal, solves the problem that the speed of the photon digital-to-analog conversion system is limited by the existing equipment, greatly improves the conversion rate of the photon digital-to-analog conversion system, and is simple and easy to realize.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method based on digital mapping;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital mapping-based high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion system;
FIG. 3 is a digital mapper schematic;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a digital mapper input signal versus an output signal;
the codes in the figure are respectively: 1. a broad spectrum light source; 2. a wavelength division demultiplexer; 3. a first optical attenuator; 4. a second optical attenuator; 5. a third optical attenuator; 6. a first Mach-Zehnder modulator; 7. a second Mach-Zehnder modulator; 8. a third Mach-Zehnder modulator; 9. a first digital mapper; 10. a second digital mapper; 11. a third digital mapper; 12. a wavelength division multiplexer; 13. a photodetector; 14. a low pass filter.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention aims to provide a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method and a high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion system based on digital mapping aiming at the limitation of the prior art, and the following embodiments take 3-bit photon digital-to-analog conversion as examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1,2,3 and 4, a digital mapping-based high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method is provided, which includes the steps of:
s1, generating continuous optical carriers by the wide-spectrum light source 1, dividing the continuous optical carriers into three paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths after passing through the wavelength division demultiplexer 2, and continuously and respectively entering Mach-Zehnder modulators corresponding to optical attenuators after the three paths of optical carriers respectively pass through the optical attenuators corresponding to each path of optical carriers in parallel;
s2, the three digital mappers carry out frequency reduction processing on the digital signals input into the three mappers and output two paths of digital signals, and the two paths of digital signals output by each digital mapper enter the Mach-Zehnder modulator corresponding to each digital mapper;
s3, the three Mach-Zehnder modulators modulate the two paths of digital signals entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators onto the optical carriers entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators, and output one path of optical modulation signals, and the three paths of optical modulation signals enter the wavelength division multiplexer 12;
s4, the wavelength division multiplexer 12 performs weighted superposition on the three paths of optical modulation signals with different weights and outputs a path of multiplexed optical signal, and the multiplexed optical signal enters the photodetector 13 and is converted into an electrical signal, and then enters the low-pass filter 14 to perform smoothing processing to obtain an analog signal.
In step S1, the broad-spectrum light source 1 generates a continuous optical carrier, the optical carrier passes through the wavelength division demultiplexer 2 and then is divided into three paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths, and the optical carriers pass through the first optical attenuator 3, the second optical attenuator 4, and the third optical attenuator 5 in parallel and then enter the first mach-zehnder modulator 6, the second mach-zehnder modulator 7, and the third mach-zehnder modulator 8, respectively.
The power ratio of the continuous optical carrier generated by the wide-spectrum light source 1 after passing through the wavelength division demultiplexer 2 and being divided into three paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths after passing through the first optical attenuator 3, the second optical attenuator 4 and the third optical attenuator 5 is expressed as:
in step S2, the first digital mapper 9, the second digital mapper 10, and the third digital mapper 11 respectively generate two digital signals, and the generated digital signals enter the corresponding first mach-zehnder modulator 6, the second mach-zehnder modulator 7, and the third mach-zehnder modulator 8.
Input digital signal D of first digital mapper 9, second digital mapper 10, third digital mapper 111、D2、D3The digital signal to be converted is respectively corresponding to LSB, NLSB and MSB data strings after serial-parallel conversion, wherein the LSB is a least significant bit, the NLSB is a significant bit closest to the LSB, the MSB is a most significant bit, and the output digital signal satisfies the following conditions:
wherein S isi1Representing the first digital signal, S, output from the ith digital mapperi2A second path of digital signal output by the ith digital mapper is represented, i is 1,2, 3; n/2, n is the length of the input digital signal of the digital mapper, VsOutputting the amplitude of the down-converted signal for the digital mapper; a first digital mapper 9, a second digital mapper 10, a third digital mappingThe peak value of the digital signal output by the device 11 is Vπ(ii) a The first Mach-Zehnder modulator 6, the second Mach-Zehnder modulator 7, and the third Mach-Zehnder modulator 8 are supplied with V from a DC power supplyπBias voltage of (d); the initial phase of the three modulation signals is pi.
In step S3, the first mach-zehnder modulator 6, the second mach-zehnder modulator 7, and the third mach-zehnder modulator 8 output three-way optical modulation signals into the wavelength division multiplexer 12.
The intensity I of the optical modulation signal outputted from the first Mach-Zehnder modulator 6, the second Mach-Zehnder modulator 7, and the third Mach-Zehnder modulator 8iThe expression (i ═ 1,2, 3) is:
wherein,representing the power of the optical carrier after passing through the i-th optical attenuator, α ═ π Vs/VπRepresenting the modulation depth and T representing the bit period of the output signal of the digital mapper.
In step S4, the wavelength division multiplexer 12 outputs a multiplexed optical signal, which is converted into an electrical signal by the photodetector 13, and the electrical signal is input to the low-pass filter 14 for smoothing, thereby converting the digital signal into an analog signal.
Example two:
referring to fig. 2,3 and 4, there is provided a digital mapping-based high-speed photonic digital-to-analog conversion system, including: a wide spectrum light source 1, a wavelength division demultiplexer 2, a first optical attenuator 3, a second optical attenuator 4, a third optical attenuator 5, a first Mach-Zehnder modulator 6, a second Mach-Zehnder modulator 7, a third Mach-Zehnder modulator 8, a first digital mapper 9, a second digital mapper 10, a third digital mapper 11, a wavelength division multiplexer 12, a photoelectric detector 13, and a low-pass filter 14;
the wide-spectrum light source 1 is connected with a first optical attenuator 3, a second optical attenuator 4 and a third optical attenuator 5 through a wavelength division demultiplexer 2; the first optical attenuator 3, the second optical attenuator 4, and the third optical attenuator 5 are connected to a first mach-zehnder modulator 6, a second mach-zehnder modulator 7, and a third mach-zehnder modulator 8, respectively.
The first digital mapper 9, the second digital mapper 10 and the third digital mapper 11 are respectively connected to the first mach-zehnder modulator 6, the second mach-zehnder modulator 7 and the third mach-zehnder modulator 8.
The first mach-zehnder modulator 6, the second mach-zehnder modulator 7, and the third mach-zehnder modulator 8 are connected to a wavelength division multiplexer 12.
The wavelength division multiplexer 12 and the low pass filter 14 are connected through a photodetector 13.
A broad spectrum light source 1 for generating a continuous optical carrier;
the wavelength division demultiplexer 2 is used for dividing the continuous optical carrier into three paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths;
the optical attenuator is used for attenuating the optical power of the parallel optical carrier wave corresponding to the optical attenuator;
the digital mapper is used for carrying out frequency reduction processing on the digital signal input into the digital mapper and outputting two paths of digital signals;
the Mach-Zehnder modulator is used for modulating the two paths of digital signals corresponding to the Mach-Zehnder modulator onto the corresponding optical carrier attenuated by the optical attenuator and outputting one path of optical modulation signal;
the wavelength division multiplexer 12 is configured to perform weighted superposition on the three optical modulation signals with different weights output by the three mach-zehnder modulators and output a multiplexed optical signal;
a photodetector 13 for converting the multiplexed optical signal into an electrical signal;
and a low-pass filter 14 for smoothing the electric signal and obtaining an analog signal.
A Digital mapper (DDC) inputs a Digital signal as data with the same bit weight obtained by serial-to-parallel conversion of a Digital signal to be converted, and the data is represented by D, and the Digital signal output after passing through the DDC satisfies the following mapping relationship:
where m is 1,2, and n/2, n is the length of the input digital signal D of the digital mapper. The digital signal to be converted is converted in serial-parallel mode to obtain LSB, NLSB and MSB data strings, which are input to three digital mappers respectively. Taking one of the mappers as an example, assuming that the input signal D of the mapper is 1011011001, the mapper outputs two low-frequency signals S satisfying the mapping relationship1、S210111, 11010 respectively. The output signal frequency of the digital mapper is half of the input signal frequency, thereby effectively realizing the frequency reduction of the digital signal, keeping the relevance between the output signal and the input signal, and realizing the multiplication of the system conversion rate and the system bandwidth under the condition of ensuring the successful conversion from the digital signal to the analog signal.
Compared with the traditional photon digital-to-analog conversion system, the scheme utilizes the digital mapping mode to carry out frequency reduction processing on the digital signal to be converted in advance, thereby utilizing the traditional photon digital-to-analog conversion equipment to realize multiplication of the conversion rate and the system bandwidth of the system.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method based on digital mapping is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, generating continuous light carriers by a wide-spectrum light source, dividing the continuous light carriers into N paths of parallel light carriers with different wavelengths after passing through a wavelength division demultiplexer, and continuously and respectively entering Mach-Zehnder modulators corresponding to optical attenuators after the N paths of light carriers respectively pass through the optical attenuators corresponding to each path of light carriers in parallel;
s2, N digital mappers carry out frequency reduction processing on the digital signals input into the N digital mappers and output two paths of digital signals, and the two paths of digital signals output by each digital mapper enter the Mach-Zehnder modulator corresponding to each digital mapper;
s3, the N Mach-Zehnder modulators modulate the two paths of digital signals entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators to optical carriers entering the Mach-Zehnder modulators, and output one path of optical modulation signals, and the N paths of optical modulation signals enter the wavelength division multiplexer;
s4, the wavelength division multiplexer performs weighted superposition on the N paths of optical modulation signals with different weights and outputs a path of multiplexing optical signal, and the multiplexing optical signal enters the photoelectric detector to be converted into an electric signal and then enters the low-pass filter to be smoothed to obtain an analog signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2, the input digital signals D of N mappers are inputted1,D2,...,DNThe digital signal to be converted is respectively corresponding to LSB, NLSB and MSB data string after serial-parallel conversion, wherein the LSB is the least significant bit, the NLSB is the significant bit closest to the LSB, and the MSB is the most significant bit.
4. The high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method based on digital mapping as claimed in claim 3, wherein two paths of digital signals S outputted by each digital mapperi1、Si2(i ═ 1, 2.., N) satisfies:
wherein Si1Representing the first digital signal, S, output from the ith digital mapperi2Representing the second path of digital signals output by the ith digital mapper;
n/2, n is the length of the input digital signal of the digital mapper, VsThe amplitude of the down-converted signal is output to the digital mapper.
5. The high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method based on digital mapping as claimed in claim 4, wherein the peak value of the digital signal output by each digital mapper is Vπ。
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step S3, the initial phase of the modulation signal output by each Mach-Zehnder modulator is pi.
7. The digital mapping-based high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion method according to claim 6, wherein the initial phase of the modulation signal output by each Mach-Zehnder modulator is controlled by a bias voltage provided by a DC power supply, and the magnitude of the bias voltage is equal to Vπ。
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S3, each mach-zehnder modulator outputs an optical modulation signal intensity IiThe expression of (i ═ 1, 2.., N) is:
wherein, alpha is pi Vs/VπRepresenting the modulation depth and T representing the bit period of the output signal of the digital mapper.
9. A high-speed photon digital-to-analog conversion system based on digital mapping is characterized by comprising a wide spectrum light source, a wavelength division demultiplexer, N optical attenuators, N digital mappers, N Mach-Zehnder modulators, a wavelength division multiplexer, a photoelectric detector and a low-pass filter;
a broad spectrum light source for generating a continuous optical carrier;
the wavelength division demultiplexer is used for dividing the continuous optical carrier into N paths of parallel optical carriers with different wavelengths;
the optical attenuator is used for attenuating the optical power of the parallel optical carrier wave corresponding to the optical attenuator;
the digital mapper is used for carrying out frequency reduction processing on the digital signal input into the digital mapper and outputting two paths of digital signals;
the Mach-Zehnder modulator is used for modulating the two paths of digital signals corresponding to the Mach-Zehnder modulator onto the corresponding optical carrier attenuated by the optical attenuator and outputting one path of optical modulation signal;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for performing weighted superposition on the N paths of optical modulation signals with different weights output by the N Mach-Zehnder modulators and outputting a path of multiplexing optical signal;
a photodetector for converting the multiplexed optical signal into an electrical signal;
and the low-pass filter is used for smoothing the electric signal and obtaining an analog signal.
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