CN113359229A - Laser fiber with gradually-changed radial doping concentration and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Laser fiber with gradually-changed radial doping concentration and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113359229A CN113359229A CN202110607918.2A CN202110607918A CN113359229A CN 113359229 A CN113359229 A CN 113359229A CN 202110607918 A CN202110607918 A CN 202110607918A CN 113359229 A CN113359229 A CN 113359229A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/028—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with core or cladding having graded refractive index
- G02B6/0283—Graded index region external to the central core segment, e.g. sloping layer or triangular or trapezoidal layer
- G02B6/0285—Graded index layer adjacent to the central core segment and ending at the outer cladding index
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a laser fiber with gradually-changed radial doping concentration and a preparation method thereof, the laser fiber comprises a fiber core and a cladding, the refractive index of the fiber core is designed into a uniform positive gradually-changed structure, the fiber core comprises a central part and a gradually-changed part which are coaxially arranged, the refractive index of the central part is kept unchanged, the refractive index of the inner side of the gradually-changed part is the same as that of the central part, the refractive index of the gradually-changed part is uniformly reduced from inside to outside, the radius of the central part is 0-40 mu m, and the radius of the gradually-changed part is 50-10 mu m. The fiber core is divided into the central part with invariable refractive index and the gradual change part with evenly changed refractive index, so that the refractive index profile of the fiber core is similar to a trapezoid or a triangle, and the beam quality can be improved without sacrificing the conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, compared with the structure that the refractive index changes according to a curve in the prior art, the manufacturing process is simpler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gain fiber technology of a fiber laser, in particular to a laser fiber with gradually changed radial doping concentration and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The laser fiber doped with rare earth ions has the advantages of good beam quality, small volume, high speed, long service life and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of laser welding, biological medical treatment and the like. With the wide application of fiber lasers in various industries, various countries put forward more requirements on the beam quality of laser products, and the refractive index profile structure of the laser fiber is one of the key factors for improving the laser beam quality. The distribution state, concentration and the like of rare earth ions in the laser fiber have great influence on the overall performance of the fiber and the laser.
Such a double clad active fiber is excellent in beam quality at a small core size (generally, a fiber thickness of 10um or 20um), but is seriously degraded when the core size exceeds 25um or more, and the beam quality of laser light is more difficult to control in a high power field. In the conventional double-cladding rare earth-doped optical fiber, rare earth ions of a fiber core are uniformly doped, and because the Gaussian distribution is solved by the light intensity distribution of a fundamental mode and the gain saturation effect of a central region caused by the dominant fundamental mode, a high-order mode is amplified, the quality of a light beam is deteriorated, and the performance of the optical fiber is reduced.
In the prior art, two modes of graded index distribution and step index distribution mainly exist, and the step index distribution type optical fiber can easily generate single-mode output, but has limited mode field area and cannot be used for generating high power; graded index profile type fibers have a large mode field area but are not prone to single mode output. In addition, the manufacturing process of graded-index optical fiber is complicated, and as described in patent CN201210108838.3, it is necessary to continuously calculate and change the chemical composition of adjacent deposited layers according to the refractive index curve to form deposited layers with different refractive indexes and layer thicknesses, so as to form a "quasi-graded" structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser fiber with gradually changed radial doping concentration, which has better beam quality and simpler preparation process.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the laser fiber.
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laser fiber with graded doping concentration in a radial direction, including a core and a cladding, wherein the refractive index of the core is designed to be a uniform positive graded structure, the core includes a central portion and a graded portion, the refractive index of the central portion is kept constant, the refractive index of the inner side of the graded portion is the same as that of the central portion, the refractive index of the graded portion is uniformly reduced from inside to outside, the radius of the central portion is 0 μm to 40 μm, and the radius of the graded portion is 50 μm to 10 μm.
In one embodiment, the difference between the refractive index of the central portion of the laser fiber and the refractive index of the outermost portion of the tapered portion is 0.0001 to 0.0005.
In one embodiment, the refractive index difference of the central portion of the laser fiber with respect to the cladding layer is 0.0010 to 0.0015.
In one embodiment, the radius of the central portion of the laser fiber is 0 μm, and the radius of the tapered portion is 50 μm.
In one embodiment, the radius of the central portion of the laser fiber is 40 μm, and the radius of the tapered portion is 10 μm.
In one embodiment, the cross section of the cladding of the laser fiber is a regular polygon.
In one embodiment, the cross section of the cladding of the laser fiber is regular octagon.
In one embodiment, the cladding of the laser fiber is further provided with a low refractive index inner coating layer and a high refractive index outer coating layer in sequence.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing a laser fiber with gradually changed radial doping concentration, comprising the following steps: preparing an optical fiber preform by adopting a vapor deposition process combined with a chelate vapor phase doping method, depositing the optical fiber preform layer by layer during deposition, firstly depositing a cladding, then depositing a gradient part of a fiber core, and finally depositing the central part of the fiber core; the doping concentration of the gradual change part is uniformly reduced from outside to inside, and the doping concentration of the central part is kept unchanged and is equal to the lowest doping concentration of the gradual change part; after the deposition is finished, the rod is contracted; pickling the fiber core and the cladding; and inserting the optical fiber preform into a high-temperature wire drawing furnace to draw wires to prepare the laser optical fiber.
In one embodiment, the method divides the fiber core into 15-25 layers for deposition.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fiber core is divided into a central part with constant refractive index and a gradual change part with uniform refractive index, so that the refractive index profile of the fiber core is similar to a trapezoid or a triangle, and the light beam quality can be improved without sacrificing the conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, compared with the structure that the refractive index changes according to a curve in the prior art, the manufacturing process is simpler.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
The above features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood upon reading the detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, components are not necessarily drawn to scale, and components having similar relative characteristics or features may have the same or similar reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a refractive index profile of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a refractive index profile of another embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1-a fiber core; 11-a central part; 12-a transition section; 2-a cladding layer; 3-low refractive index inner coating layer; 4-high refractive index outer coating.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is noted that the aspects described below in connection with the figures and the specific embodiments are only exemplary and should not be construed as imposing any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser fiber with graded doping concentration in a radial direction, including a core 1 and a cladding 2, where the refractive index of the core 1 is designed to be a uniform positive graded structure, the core 1 includes a central portion 11 and a graded portion 12 coaxially disposed, the refractive index of the central portion 11 is kept constant, the refractive index inside the graded portion 12 is the same as that of the central portion 11, the refractive index of the graded portion 12 decreases uniformly from inside to outside, and uniform decrease refers to a decrease in the refractive index of the graded portion 12 along a straight line. The radius of the central portion 11 is 0 μm to 40 μm, and the radius of the gradation portion 12 is 50 μm to 10 μm.
The doping concentration in the present application refers to the doping concentration of rare earth ions such as erbium ions, ytterbium ions, thulium ions, and neodymium ions in the core.
According to the law of refraction of light, when light propagates in media with different refractive indexes, the light preferentially enters the medium with higher refractive index to propagate. The optical fiber core light energy distribution is related to the optical fiber core refractive index profile distribution, when the core refractive index profile structure is designed to be similar to a trapezoid or a triangular line, the refractive index of the position close to the center of the fiber core is higher than that of the position at the edge of the fiber core, therefore, when light propagates in the fiber core, most of light beams are concentrated on the part of the fiber core close to the center, the light energy is relatively concentrated, and high light beam quality is guaranteed.
Taking a core with a radius of 50 μm as an example, when the radius of the central portion 11 is 40 μm and the radius of the graded portion 12 is 10 μm, the refractive index profile is similar to a trapezoid (as shown in fig. 2). The central portion 11, the gradation portion 12, the cladding layer 2, the low refractive index inner coating 3, and the high refractive index outer coating layer 4 correspond to the refractive indices n11, n12, n2, n3, and n4 in fig. 2, respectively. Wherein n11, n12 of the core portion form a trapezoid.
When the radius of the central portion 11 is 0 μm (i.e., one point) and the radius of the gradation portion 12 is 50 μm, the cross section is as shown in fig. 3, and the refractive index profile is similar to a triangle (as shown in fig. 4). The central portion 11, the gradation portion 12, the cladding layer 2, the low refractive index inner coating 3, and the high refractive index outer coating layer 4 correspond to the refractive indices n11, n12, n2, n3, and n4 in fig. 4, respectively. Wherein n11, n12 of the core portion form a triangle.
Through experimental comparison, the beam quality factor M is higher when the conventional step-index profile structure fiber is used as the gain medium than when the "trapezoidal" or "triangular" index profile fiber is used as the gain medium2The value is 0.05-0.1 larger, and the beam quality of the laser fiber with the gradually changed radial doping concentration is proved to be better.
In addition, by uniformly reducing the refractive index of the gradual change portion 12, compared with the prior art in which gradual change is performed according to a complicated curve, the manufacturing process is simpler, and the preparation process is described in detail in the process embodiment.
Further, the difference between the refractive index of the central portion 11 and the refractive index of the outermost portion of the gradation portion 12 is 0.0001 to 0.0005. The refractive index difference between the central portion 11 and the cladding layer 2 is 0.0010 to 0.0015.
The cross section of the cladding 2 is a regular polygon. In a possible embodiment, the cross-section of the cladding 2 is regular octagonal. The cladding 2 is of a homogeneous fluorine-doped quartz material, typically having an outer diameter of between 150 μm and 1800 μm.
The cladding 2 is also provided with a low refractive index inner coating layer 3 and a high refractive index outer coating layer 4 in sequence. The low refractive index inner coating layer 3 may be a silicone rubber coating layer, and the high refractive index outer coating layer 4 may be an acrylic resin coating layer. The coating layer is formed by heat curing, and the thickness of the low refractive index inner coating layer 3 and the high refractive index outer coating layer 4 may be 20 μm to 80 μm.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the laser fiber with gradually changed radial doping concentration, which comprises the following steps: preparing an optical fiber preform by adopting a vapor deposition process combined with a chelate vapor phase doping method, depositing the optical fiber preform layer by layer during deposition, firstly depositing a cladding, then depositing a gradient part of a fiber core, and finally depositing the central part of the fiber core; the doping concentration of the gradual change part is uniformly reduced from outside to inside, and the doping concentration of the central part is kept unchanged and is equal to the lowest doping concentration of the gradual change part; after the deposition is finished, the rod is contracted; pickling the fiber core and the cladding; and inserting the optical fiber preform into a high-temperature wire drawing furnace to draw wires to prepare the laser optical fiber.
The fiber core and the cladding are washed by acid, so that impurities and partial defects on the surface can be removed, and the strength of the optical fiber is improved. In addition, the doping concentration of the gradual change part is uniformly reduced from outside to inside, the doping concentration of the central part is kept unchanged, chemical components can be adjusted in proportion during deposition, and rod shrinkage can be directly carried out after deposition is finished, so that the preparation process is simplified.
Preferably, the fiber core can be divided into 15-25 layers for deposition, so that the gradual change of the refractive index of the gradual change part can be well realized. Specifically, the number of deposition layers can be adjusted according to the difference between the radii of the gradual change portion and the central portion, and generally, the number of deposition layers of the gradual change portion should be kept to be more than 10 to ensure a good gradual change effect.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A radial doping concentration gradual change laser fiber is characterized in that: the core comprises a central part and a gradual change part which are coaxially arranged, the refractive index of the central part is kept unchanged, the refractive index of the inner side of the gradual change part is the same as that of the central part, the refractive index of the gradual change part is uniformly reduced from inside to outside, the radius of the central part is 0-40 mu m, and the radius of the gradual change part is 50-10 mu m.
2. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the difference between the refractive index of the central portion and the refractive index of the outermost portion of the gradation portion is 0.0001 to 0.0005.
3. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 2, wherein: the refractive index difference between the central portion and the cladding layer is 0.0010-0.0015.
4. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the radius of the central part is 0 μm, and the radius of the gradual change part is 50 μm.
5. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the radius of the central part is 40 μm, and the radius of the gradual change part is 10 μm.
6. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the cladding is a regular polygon.
7. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 6, wherein: the cross section of the cladding is regular octagon.
8. The radial dopant concentration graded laser fiber according to claim 1, wherein: and a low-refractive-index inner coating layer and a high-refractive-index outer coating layer are sequentially arranged outside the coating layer.
9. A method for preparing a laser fiber with gradually changed radial doping concentration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing an optical fiber preform by adopting a vapor deposition process combined with a chelate vapor phase doping method, depositing the optical fiber preform layer by layer during deposition, firstly depositing a cladding, then depositing a gradient part of a fiber core, and finally depositing the central part of the fiber core; the doping concentration of the gradual change part is uniformly reduced from outside to inside, and the doping concentration of the central part is kept unchanged and is equal to the lowest doping concentration of the gradual change part;
after the deposition is finished, the rod is contracted;
pickling the fiber core and the cladding;
and inserting the optical fiber preform into a high-temperature wire drawing furnace to draw wires to prepare the laser optical fiber.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of preparing the laser fiber comprises: the fiber core is divided into 15-25 layers for deposition.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110607918.2A CN113359229A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Laser fiber with gradually-changed radial doping concentration and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110607918.2A CN113359229A (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2021-06-01 | Laser fiber with gradually-changed radial doping concentration and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113848607A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-28 | 中山大学 | Flat ring core optical fiber of orbital angular momentum mode gain based on layering doping |
| CN114779394A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 武汉华锐超快光纤激光技术有限公司 | Normal dispersion thulium-doped single-mode optical fiber, preparation method thereof and laser |
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| CN101738682A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-06-16 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Large-mode active optical fiber and manufacture method thereof |
| CN202522729U (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Near-single-mode quasi-graded-index large-mode-field gain optical fiber |
| CN103645538A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Double-cladding-layer Raman fiber |
| CN109031516A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-18 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | A kind of large mode field Double Cladding Ytterbium Doped Fiber |
| CN112596148A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Ytterbium-doped active optical fiber for high-power large-mode field and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-06-01 CN CN202110607918.2A patent/CN113359229A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101738682A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-06-16 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Large-mode active optical fiber and manufacture method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113848607A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-28 | 中山大学 | Flat ring core optical fiber of orbital angular momentum mode gain based on layering doping |
| CN114779394A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 武汉华锐超快光纤激光技术有限公司 | Normal dispersion thulium-doped single-mode optical fiber, preparation method thereof and laser |
| CN114779394B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-12-02 | 武汉华锐超快光纤激光技术有限公司 | Normal dispersion thulium-doped single-mode optical fiber, preparation method thereof and laser |
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