CN113357836B - System for preventing icing in front of dam based on solar matrix - Google Patents
System for preventing icing in front of dam based on solar matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN113357836B CN113357836B CN202110659955.8A CN202110659955A CN113357836B CN 113357836 B CN113357836 B CN 113357836B CN 202110659955 A CN202110659955 A CN 202110659955A CN 113357836 B CN113357836 B CN 113357836B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/422—Vertical axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/20—Systems characterised by their energy storage means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for preventing icing in front of a dam based on a solar matrix, which comprises a heating subsystem and a power supply subsystem, wherein the heating subsystem comprises a heating plate and a light following focusing mechanism; the power supply subsystem comprises a solar generator and a storage battery, the solar generator comprises a solar panel, the angle of the solar panel is adjustable and is always perpendicular to the sun light, the current emitted by the solar generator is stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery supplies power to the heating plate. After the solar heating plate is put into use, sunlight is converged on the heating plate by the convex lens to be heated, so that icing in front of a dam is prevented; the solar generator converts solar energy into electric energy which is stored in the storage battery, and when the illumination is insufficient or at night, the heating plate is heated and heated through the discharge of the storage battery, so that the water temperature in front of the dam is always higher than zero.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dam front deicing equipment, in particular to a system for preventing front dam icing based on a solar matrix.
Background
In northern areas of China, air temperature is low in winter, rivers and lakes are easy to freeze, the influence of freezing on hydraulic buildings is large, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of a dam body is large, cracks are easy to generate on the dam, the service life and safety are affected, and the ice pressure generated by freezing in front of the dam can generate certain compression deformation on the dam, so that the outer layer falls off. At present, the method for preventing the ice in front of the dam is mainly water body exchange, namely cold water in front of the dam is pumped out and then hot water is injected, and the method circulates in the way.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system for preventing ice in front of a dam based on a solar matrix, which is simple, effective and low in resource consumption.
The system for preventing the icing in front of the dam based on the solar matrix comprises a heating subsystem and a power supply subsystem, wherein the heating subsystem comprises a heating plate and a light following focusing mechanism, the heating plate is arranged on the water surface in front of the dam, the light following focusing mechanism comprises convex lenses, the mirror surface angles of the convex lenses are adjustable, and the convex lenses are arranged on two banks of the dam body and converge sunlight to the heating plate; the power supply subsystem comprises a solar generator and a storage battery, the solar generator comprises a solar panel, the angle of the solar panel is adjustable and is always perpendicular to the sun light, the current emitted by the solar generator is stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery supplies power to the heating plate.
In one embodiment, the convex lens comprises a mirror surface and a mirror frame, and the mirror frame is externally provided with a symmetrically arranged optical rod shaft and a gear shaft.
Furthermore, focus mechanism follows spot still including transferring to the support, transfer to the support and include tripod, axial rotation motor, hold the box, mirror base and mirror surface adjustment mechanism, hold the box and set up in tripod top through the axial rotation motor, the mirror base includes bracing piece and bearing frame, the bracing piece is the semicircle pole, a pair of bracing piece parallel arrangement, divide and locate and hold the box both sides, the both ends of a pair of bracing piece are located to two bearing frame branches, mirror surface adjustment mechanism sets up in arbitrary bearing frame department, the picture frame links to each other with its gear shaft and mirror surface adjustment mechanism, assembles with its polish rod axle and another bearing frame.
Preferably, the center of the bottom surface of the bearing seat is recessed, and mounting grooves for assembling the supporting rods are formed in the two ends of the bearing seat in the length direction.
Preferably, the mirror surface adjusting mechanism comprises a driving motor and a bevel gear, the driving motor is arranged between the two supporting rods through the base, the bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the outside of an output shaft of the driving motor, and the bevel gear extends to the concave position in the center of the bottom surface of the bearing seat to be meshed with the gear shaft.
The axial rotation motor is arranged on the top surface of the tripod, the output shaft is connected with the bottom surface of the containing box, and the axial rotation motor drives the containing box to rotate.
In one embodiment, the solar power generator further comprises the direction-adjusting bracket.
Further, the solar generator also comprises a plate frame; the plate frame is an annular frame, a through hole is formed in the frame body, an annular substrate is arranged on the bottom surface of the frame body, and a pair of positioning clamping plates is arranged on the top surface of the frame body; the plate frame is connected with the direction adjusting support, and the solar cell panel is arranged in the plate frame.
In specific implementation, the heating plate is a carbon fiber plate and is connected to the water retaining side of the dam body through a buoyancy lifting mechanism; the buoyancy lifting mechanism comprises a buoyancy plate, a track and a sliding block, the track is arranged along the height direction of the dam body, the buoyancy plate is connected with the track through the sliding block, and the carbon fiber plate is arranged on the buoyancy plate.
In a specific embodiment, the power supply subsystem further comprises a water turbine and a single chip microcomputer; the water turbine is arranged at the downstream of the dam body and used for converting water energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy into the storage battery; the single chip microcomputer is used for adjusting the discharge power of the storage battery, increasing the power supply power when the ambient temperature is low, and reducing the power supply power when the ambient temperature is high.
After the solar heating dam is put into use, on one hand, sunlight is converged on the heating plate through the convex lens to be heated, and then the temperature is conducted to the water surface in front of the dam, so that icing in front of the dam is prevented; on the other hand, the solar generator converts solar energy into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, and when the illumination is insufficient or at night, the heating plate is heated and heated through the discharge of the storage battery, so that the water temperature in front of the dam is always higher than zero. The system effectively utilizes solar energy, has small influence on the environment, is simple, effective and low in resource consumption, and has the advantages of simple operation, manpower and material resource saving and all-weather work.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic layout of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic elevation view of the heating plate, the buoyancy lifting mechanism and the dam body in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a main enlarged view of the light following and focusing mechanism in the preferred embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a perspective enlarged schematic view of the light following focusing mechanism in the preferred embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective enlarged view of the solar power generator in the preferred embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a main view enlarged schematic diagram of the solar power generator in the preferred embodiment (the solar panel is not shown).
Figure number
11-a heating plate, wherein the heating plate,
12-buoyancy lifting mechanism, 121-buoyancy plate, 122-track, 123-slide block,
13-a light following focusing mechanism;
21-a solar generator;
3, a dam body;
a-convex lens, A1-mirror surface, A2-mirror frame, A3-polished rod shaft, A4-gear shaft;
b-direction adjusting support, B1-tripod, B2-axial rotating motor, B3-accommodating box,
b4-a mirror seat, B41-a supporting rod, B42-a bearing seat,
b5-mirror direction adjusting mechanism, B51-driving motor, B52-bevel gear;
c, a solar panel;
d, a plate frame.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the solar matrix-based ice prevention system provided by the present embodiment includes a heating subsystem and a power supply subsystem. The heating subsystem and the power supply subsystem work cooperatively to prevent the water surface in front of the dam body 3 from freezing.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the heating subsystem is composed of three parts, namely a heating plate 11, a buoyancy lifting mechanism 12 and a light tracking focusing mechanism 13.
As shown in fig. 3, the heating plate 11 is a carbon fiber plate, which has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity and unique mechanical properties that can be durable under severe cold conditions. During installation, the heating plate 11 is connected to the water retaining side of the dam body through the buoyancy lifting mechanism 12, so that the heating plate floats on the water surface all the time, and heat conduction is carried out between the heating plate and the water body in front of the dam.
As shown in fig. 3, the buoyancy elevating mechanism 12 is composed of a buoyancy plate 121, a rail 122, and a slider 123. Many track parallel arrangement, each track all follow the dam body direction of height from last down arranging, all are equipped with the slider in each track, the inner and the slider rigid coupling of buoyancy board, when putting into use, will generate heat the board and install directly over the buoyancy board, generate heat the board and float along the track along the lift of water level under the combined action of buoyancy and gravity, suspend all the time on the surface of water to better receipt comes from the heat that the focus mechanism 13 provided of following spot.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the light-following focusing mechanisms 13 are arranged in pairs and are respectively arranged on two banks of the dam body, and the light-following focusing mechanisms work simultaneously to converge solar energy on the heating plate. The light-following focusing mechanism 13 is composed of a convex lens a and a direction-adjusting holder B. The convex lens consists of a mirror surface A1 and a mirror frame A2, the mirror frame is a circular frame, and the mirror surface is concentrically embedded in the mirror frame. And a light rod shaft A3 is arranged on one side of the mirror frame, and a gear shaft A4 is arranged on the other side of the mirror frame so as to be installed with the direction-adjusting bracket B, so that the mirror surface angle of the convex lens can be adjusted through the action of the direction-adjusting bracket B.
The direction-adjusting bracket B is composed of a tripod B1, an axial rotation motor B2, an accommodating box B3, a mirror base B4 and a mirror surface adjusting mechanism B5.
Tripod B1 may be a universal tripod.
The axial rotation motor B2 is arranged on the top surface of the tripod, the output shaft is connected with the bottom surface of the accommodating box, and the axial rotation motor drives the accommodating box B3 to rotate so as to adjust the angle of the microscope base B4.
The containing box B3 is a rectangular box, the inner cavity of the containing box B3 is used for installing various electrical elements, the various electrical elements are used for monitoring the angle of sunlight in real time, and outputting signals according to the angle of the sunlight to control the mirror surface adjusting mechanism to work, and the angles of the mirror surface and the mirror base are adjusted to ensure that the sunlight can be gathered on the carbon fiber plate in front of the dam.
The mirror seat B4 comprises a supporting rod B41 and a bearing seat B42; the supporting rod B41 is a semicircular rod, the center of the bottom surface of the bearing seat B42 is concave, and two ends of the bearing seat in the length direction are provided with mounting grooves for assembling the supporting rod; a pair of bracing piece parallel arrangement, divide to locate and hold the box both sides, and the both ends of a pair of bracing piece are located to two bearing housing branches.
The mirror surface adjusting mechanism B5 is composed of a driving motor B51 and a bevel gear B52, the driving motor is arranged between the two supporting rods through a machine base, the bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected outside an output shaft of the driving motor, and the bevel gear extends to the concave position of the bottom surface center of the bearing seat and is meshed with the gear shaft.
When the direction-adjusting bracket B works, the axial rotating motor works to enable the mirror surface to rotate around the vertical shaft; the mirror surface adjusting mechanism works to enable the mirror surface to rotate around the horizontal shaft. Thereby adjust the angle of mirror surface, make the mirror surface can follow spot and focus, assemble the sunlight on the carbon fiber plate before the dam always, guarantee the heating effect.
When heating subsystem work, power supply subsystem 2 simultaneous working turns into solar energy and hydroenergy electric energy storage in the battery to through the output of singlechip control battery, guarantee that the board that generates heat still can produce the heat at illumination not enough and night and prevent that the dam front surface of water from freezing.
As shown in fig. 2, the power supply subsystem is composed of a solar generator 21, a water turbine, a storage battery and a single chip microcomputer.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the solar power generator 21 includes a solar panel C, a panel frame D, and a direction-adjusting bracket B. The solar panel C is a universal solar panel. The plate frame D is an annular frame, a through hole is formed in the frame body, an annular base plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the frame body, a pair of positioning clamping plates is arranged on the top surface of the frame body, a polished rod shaft is arranged on one side of the frame body, and a gear shaft is arranged on the other side of the frame body. The solar cell panel is arranged in the plate frame and assembled with the plate frame through the connecting shaft penetrating through the through hole. The polished rod shaft and the gear shaft on the two sides of the plate frame are assembled with the direction-adjusting bracket in the same way as the light-following focusing mechanism. During actual application, the solar generators 21 are arranged in pairs and are respectively arranged on two banks of the dam body, the heating plates are symmetrically arranged, the angle of the solar panel is adjusted through the direction adjusting support, the solar panel is perpendicular to sunlight all the time, the absorption effect of the solar energy is guaranteed, and the solar generator converts the solar energy into electric energy and stores the electric energy into the storage battery.
Meanwhile, the water turbine is arranged at the downstream of the dam body, water energy is converted into electric energy by the water turbine and the electric energy is stored in the storage battery, and therefore when insufficient light is prevented, the heating plate is insufficient in power supply. The single chip microcomputer is arranged at the output end of the storage battery, and the discharge power of the storage battery is controlled through the single chip microcomputer, so that the power supply power of the storage battery is increased when the ambient temperature is low, and the power supply power of the storage battery is reduced when the ambient temperature is high.
The method of this embodiment when selecting the number and pitch of convex lenses in the light following focusing mechanism is as follows.
According to the thermodynamic common knowledge, the specific heat capacity of water is as follows:
in the formula (1), Q is heat; m is the mass of water; Δ T is the temperature difference.
For any object, at the same temperature, the electromagnetic spectrum emitted by thermal radiation is the same, the surface of which does not reflect light waves and can absorb thermal radiation of any wavelength. The sun substantially conforms to this definition, and the sun is considered a black body whose associated radiation law is used to estimate the radiant energy at the surface of the sun. Stefan-Boltzmann law (Stefan-Boltzmann law) the radiation law is as follows:
E＝σT 4 (2)
in the formula (2), E is the radiation intensity of the black body, is the sum of the radiation energy of various wavelengths in unit time on the surface unit area of the black body, sigma is Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the surface of the black body.
Assuming that the sun is a spherical black body, the energy radiated by the sun to the surroundings per unit time is:
in the formula (3), R s Is the sun radius, T s Is the solar surface temperature.
The solar radiation which can be received on the earth per unit time and unit area is as follows:
in the formula (4), R es Is the distance between the day and the ground.
The energy of the solar radiation reaching the surface is partially lost, taking into account the scattering, reflection and absorption of solar radiation by the atmosphere. Recording the ratio of the energy of the solar radiation actually reaching the earth in unit time and unit area to the radiation energy of the sun in unit time and unit area as E 1 . Assuming that the diameter of the ground convex lens is d, and the mirror surface of the convex lens is perpendicular to the incident direction of sunlight, the solar radiation energy absorbed by the convex lens in unit time is:
sunlight ray throughWhen passing through a convex lens, not all light is transmitted by the convex lens, and a part of the light is reflected. Assuming that the transmittance of the convex lens is E 2 Then the solar radiation energy per unit time passing through the convex lens mirror can be expressed as:
since the carbon fiber plate also reflects part of the light, not all the energy reaching the carbon fiber plate is absorbed, and the sunlight absorption rate of the carbon fiber plate after refraction of the convex lens is assumed to be E 3 . The solar radiation absorbed by the carbon fibre sheet per unit time can be expressed as:
in one application example, the dam length Lm of the reservoir is assumed; reservoir ambient temperature in winter is T below zero 0 ℃(-T 0 C), generally the annual minimum temperature; the frozen thickness of the reservoir was h m. In order to ensure the safety of the dam, the Hm water body before the dam is not frozen, namely the temperature of the water body before the dam is not lower than 0 ℃, and the condition that V is L multiplied by h multiplied by Hm before the dam is met 3 The energy required by the water body without icing is as follows:
E Q ＝V×ρ w ×C×T 0 ＝L×h×H×ρ w ×C×T 0 (8)
in formula (8), E Q The energy needed for the L multiplied by H multiplied by H water body in front of the dam not to freeze, rho w Is the density of the water body, C is the specific heat capacity of the water body, T 0 The lowest temperature throughout the year, DEG C.
In order to ensure that the water body in front of the dam is not frozen absolutely in winter and improve the anti-freezing safety guarantee rate, a safe ultrahigh temperature delta T is provided for the water body in front of the dam on the basis of 0 ℃, and the revised V in front of the dam is L multiplied by h multiplied by Hm 3 The energy required by the water body to avoid freezing is as follows:
E s ＝V×ρ w ×C×T 0 ＝L×h×H×ρ w ×C×(T 0 +ΔT) (9)
assuming that an effective working time of a convex lens with a diameter d is t hours a day, the heat radiation productivity of a convex lens a day can be obtained according to the formula (7):
in formula (10), E p The effective working time of the convex lens with the diameter d is t hours.
Energy E required for ensuring that water in front of dam is not frozen s Then the number of lenses required is:
in the formula (11), n is the number of convex lenses required,
is a modulo operation on a non-integer number.
This embodiment is after putting into use, through convex lens with sunshine assemble on the carbon fiber plate on daytime and heat up to surface of water before conducting the dam with the temperature, anti-icing. Meanwhile, the solar generator and the water turbine respectively convert light energy and water energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored by the storage battery; the carbon fiber plate is heated and warmed up through the discharge of the storage battery at night, so that the water temperature in front of the dam is always higher than zero, the discharge power of the storage battery can be adjusted by the single chip microcomputer, and the purpose of supplying power to the carbon fiber plate by rated power is achieved. The solar energy and water energy clean energy source device effectively utilizes clean energy sources such as solar energy and water energy, has small influence on the environment, and has the advantages of being all-weather, saving manpower and material resources and the like.
In addition, the convex lens in the embodiment has an automatic light following function, the mirror surface angle can be automatically adjusted according to the solar altitude angle, and the light energy is fully utilized; when the light is insufficient, the storage battery supplies power to and heats the carbon fiber plate. The singlechip can adjust the current, increases the power supply when the temperature is low, reduces the power supply when the temperature is high, and plays the intelligent regulation effect. Meanwhile, the solar generator has the functions of axial rotation, rotation of the solar panel and the like, and the position of the solar panel is automatically adjusted according to the characteristics of the solar altitude angle, so that the solar panel is always perpendicular to the solar ray, and the power generation efficiency is maximized. The current is transmitted to the storage battery through a lead for storage; the hydraulic turbine can be installed in dam low reaches, utilizes the dam to store hydroenergy and carries out hydroelectric power generation, and similarly, the electric current passes through the wire and finally stores in the battery. When the light is sufficient in the daytime, the convex lens is used for preventing icing in front of the dam; the carbon fiber plate can be powered and heated by the electric energy stored in the storage battery at night; if in rainy days, the water turbine can be used for carrying out hydroelectric generation to supply power to the carbon fiber plate, so that icing in front of the dam is prevented.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system for prevent icing in front of dam based on solar energy matrix which characterized in that: the system comprises a heating subsystem and an electronic power supply system,
the heating subsystem comprises a heating plate and a light following focusing mechanism, the heating plate is arranged on the water surface in front of the dam, the light following focusing mechanism comprises convex lenses, the mirror surface angles of the convex lenses are adjustable, and the convex lenses are arranged on two banks of the dam body to converge sunlight to the heating plate;
the power supply subsystem comprises a solar generator and a storage battery, the solar generator comprises a solar panel, the angle of the solar panel is adjustable and is always vertical to the sunlight, the current emitted by the solar generator is stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery supplies power to the heating panel;
the heating plate is connected to the water blocking side of the dam body through a buoyancy lifting mechanism, so that the heating plate floats on the water surface all the time;
the buoyancy lifting mechanism comprises a buoyancy plate, a track and a sliding block, the track is arranged along the height direction of the dam body, the buoyancy plate is connected with the track through the sliding block, and the heating plate is arranged on the buoyancy plate.
2. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 1, wherein: the convex lens comprises a mirror surface and a mirror frame, and a light rod shaft and a gear shaft which are symmetrically arranged are arranged outside the mirror frame.
3. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 2, wherein: the light following focusing mechanism also comprises a direction adjusting bracket,
the direction-adjusting bracket comprises a tripod, an axial rotation motor, an accommodating box, a mirror base and a mirror surface adjusting mechanism,
the containing box is arranged on the top of the tripod through an axial rotating motor,
the lens base comprises a support rod and a bearing base, the support rod is a semi-circular rod, a pair of support rods are arranged in parallel and respectively arranged at two sides of the containing box, the two bearing bases are respectively arranged at two ends of the pair of support rods,
the mirror surface adjusting mechanism is arranged at any one bearing seat, and the mirror frame is connected with the mirror surface adjusting mechanism through a gear shaft of the mirror frame and is assembled with the other bearing seat through a light rod shaft of the mirror frame.
4. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 3 wherein: the bottom surface center indent of bearing frame, the length direction both ends of bearing frame all are equipped with the mounting groove and are used for assembling the bracing piece.
5. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 3, wherein: the mirror surface adjusting mechanism comprises a driving motor and a bevel gear, the driving motor is arranged between the two supporting rods through the base, the bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected outside an output shaft of the driving motor, and the bevel gear extends to the position, inwards concave in the center of the bottom surface of the bearing seat, and is meshed with the gear shaft.
6. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 3 wherein: the axial rotation motor is arranged on the top surface of the tripod, the output shaft is connected with the bottom surface of the containing box, and the axial rotation motor drives the containing box to rotate.
7. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 3 wherein: the solar generator also comprises the direction-adjusting bracket.
8. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 7 wherein: the solar generator also comprises a plate frame; the plate frame is an annular frame, a through hole is formed in the frame body, an annular substrate is arranged on the bottom surface of the frame body, and a pair of positioning clamping plates is arranged on the top surface of the frame body; the plate frame is connected with the direction adjusting support, and the solar cell panel is arranged in the plate frame.
9. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 1, wherein: the heating plate is a carbon fiber plate.
10. The solar matrix-based system for preventing ice from forming in front of a dam of claim 1, wherein: the power supply subsystem also comprises a water turbine and a singlechip;
the water turbine is arranged at the downstream of the dam body and used for converting water energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy into the storage battery;
the single chip microcomputer is used for adjusting the discharge power of the storage battery, increasing the power supply power when the ambient temperature is low, and reducing the power supply power when the ambient temperature is high.
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| CN202110659955.8A CN113357836B (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | System for preventing icing in front of dam based on solar matrix |
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| CN202110659955.8A CN113357836B (en) | 2021-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | System for preventing icing in front of dam based on solar matrix |
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| CN113357836A (en) | 2021-09-07 |
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