CN113351811A - Annular forging processing method based on numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling mill - Google Patents
Annular forging processing method based on numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN113351811A CN113351811A CN202110519353.2A CN202110519353A CN113351811A CN 113351811 A CN113351811 A CN 113351811A CN 202110519353 A CN202110519353 A CN 202110519353A CN 113351811 A CN113351811 A CN 113351811A
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- die
- preform
- ring rolling
- numerical control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
Abstract
The application relates to an annular forging processing method based on numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine, including the system base, expand the ring, the plastic, the pressurize, drawing of patterns and subsequent processing, in the plastic process, use the mould to forge and press the preforming piece, thereby the overall dimension to the preforming piece is maintained, make the preforming piece become the piece of remolding, consequently can greatly improve the deviation between the overall dimension and the design size of annular forging, sizing the size of remolding piece through the pressurize, consequently, subsequent car processing of being convenient for, help promoting machining efficiency and machining precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing, in particular to a method for processing an annular forging piece based on a numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine.
Background
For large or ultra-large annular metal parts such as flanges and bearings, the common processing mode sequentially adopts the working procedures of forging, turning and the like. The forging process is to use a ring rolling mill to roll and expand the ring of the annular blank, so that the product preliminarily reaches the preset size, and the turning process is to finish the product, so that the product reaches the design size.
However, forging using a ring rolling mill belongs to the field of free forging, and therefore, when the ring rolling mill is used for processing an annular forging, the dimensional accuracy of the annular forging is poor. When the size deviation of the annular forging is too large, certain difficulty is caused to subsequent turning, and the machining efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the machining precision of the annular forge piece in the ring rolling machine, the application provides an automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine and a machining method of the annular forge piece, and the machining method comprises the following steps:
1) blank manufacturing, namely manufacturing an annular blank;
2) expanding, namely processing the blank by using a ring rolling mill, and forming a preformed piece by the blank after the diameter of the blank is expanded to a preset size;
3) shaping, namely forging and pressing the preformed piece by using a mould so as to trim the outline dimension of the preformed piece and enable the preformed piece to become a remolded piece;
4) pressure maintaining, namely maintaining the pressure of the remolded part in the die;
5) demolding; demoulding the formed part to form a semi-finished product;
6) and subsequent processing, namely turning and thermally treating the semi-finished product to enable the semi-finished product to meet the design requirement.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the mould can greatly improve the deviation between the overall dimension of annular forging and the design size to the finishing of preforming piece overall dimension, stereotypes the size of remoulding spare through the pressurize, and consequently subsequent car processing of being convenient for helps promoting machining efficiency and machining precision.
Preferably, the mold comprises a bottom mold, a core mold fixed on the bottom mold, a side mold arranged on the periphery of the core mold, and an upper mold arranged opposite to the bottom mold; a forging cavity is formed between the core die and the side die;
the preform is placed on a core mold, and pressure is applied to the preform using an upper mold so that the core mold trims the inner diameter of the preform.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preform is sleeved on the core mold under the pressure of the upper mold, the core mold applies expansion force to the preform to expand the inner diameter of the preform, so that the inner wall of the preform is attached to the side wall of the core mold, and the inner diameter of the preform is trimmed.
Preferably, the core mold includes an expansion portion and a guide portion, and the guide portion is provided in a frustum shape; the inner diameter of the preformed piece is smaller than the diameter of the expansion part, and the inner diameter of the preformed piece is larger than the diameter of the small end of the guide part; and the upper die is provided with a yielding groove for yielding the guide part.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preform can be conveniently placed on the core mold through the arrangement of the guide part, and the normal work of the core mold can be ensured through the arrangement of the expansion part.
Preferably, the difference between the preform inner diameter and the flare diameter is 0.5-5 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the difference between the inner diameter of the preformed piece and the diameter of the expansion part is overlarge, the pressure between the core mold and the preformed piece is overlarge, so that the processing is not facilitated; when the difference between the inner diameter of the preform and the diameter of the expanded portion is too small, the inner wall of the preform is not easily attached to the side wall of the core mold, and the finishing effect is affected.
Preferably, the side forms comprise a plurality of form plates distributed on the periphery of the core form, and one sides of the form plates facing the core form are both arranged in a cambered surface manner;
after the inner diameter of the preform is processed by the core die, the side dies simultaneously press the side wall of the preform so as to trim the outer diameter of the preform;
and after finishing the outer diameter of the preformed piece, maintaining the pressure of the preformed piece in the mold to preliminarily shape the preformed piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, the plurality of templates simultaneously apply pressure to the preformed piece, the peripheral side of the preformed piece can be trimmed, and simultaneously, when the inner diameter of the preformed piece is trimmed, the side die can move to one side, so that the resistance of the preformed piece is reduced.
Preferably, the two ends of each template are provided with positioning plates, and the positioning plates on the two adjacent templates are mutually abutted when the die works.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, stable cooperation between two adjacent templates can be guaranteed to the locating plate, promotes the machining precision.
Preferably, the die is applied in a forging press; the forging press comprises a base, a plurality of horizontal power cylinders arranged on the base and a vertical power cylinder arranged above the base; the plurality of templates correspond to the plurality of horizontal power cylinders one by one, and the templates are fixed at the output ends of the horizontal power cylinders; the bottom die is fixed on the base, and the upper die is fixed on the output end of the vertical power cylinder.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the forging press can process the preforming piece through the mould, promotes degree of automation and machining precision.
Preferably, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the billet are measured when the ring rolling mill expands the billet.
By adopting the technical scheme, the diameter of the blank is measured, the matching degree between the size of the preformed piece and the die can be effectively controlled, and the size is convenient to trim.
Preferably, a measuring device for measuring the diameter of the preform is arranged on the ring rolling mill, and the measuring device comprises a fixed frame, two oppositely arranged abutting plates and a first measuring unit for measuring the displacement of the two abutting plates; the abutting plate and the first measuring unit are both positioned on the fixed frame;
two contacts are also arranged between the two abutting plates, the two contacts are also arranged on the fixed frame, and a second measuring unit for measuring the displacement of the contacts is also arranged on the fixed frame.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first measuring unit can be measured the external diameter of preforming piece automatically, and two contacts can be measured the internal diameter of preforming piece to the staff accurately measures the size of preforming piece, the operation of being convenient for.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the mould finishes the outline dimension of the preformed piece, so that the deviation between the outline dimension of the annular forged piece and the design dimension can be greatly improved, and the dimension of the re-formed piece is shaped by pressure maintaining, so that the subsequent turning is facilitated, and the processing efficiency and the processing precision are improved;
2. the diameter of the core mold is larger than the inner diameter of the preform, so that after the preform is sleeved on the core mold, the core mold applies expansion force to the preform, the inner wall of the preform is attached to the side wall of the core mold, and the size of the preform is finished; meanwhile, when the inner diameter of the preformed part is trimmed, the side die can move to one side, so that the resistance of the preformed part is small during trimming, and the work is facilitated to be smoothly carried out;
3. the forging press can be used in conjunction with a die to promote automation of preform size finishing and to help promote size finishing accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ring mill and forging press in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view for showing the structure of the measuring device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view for showing the connection relationship between the die and the forging press.
In the drawings, the reference numbers: 1. a ring rolling mill; 11. a slide rail; 2. a measuring device; 21. a fixed mount; 22. a first measurement unit; 23. a second measurement unit; 24. a butt joint plate; 25. a contact; 251. a fixed shaft; 252. a roller; 3. forging press; 31. a base; 32. a horizontal power cylinder; 33. a vertical power cylinder; 4. a mold; 41. bottom die; 42. a core mold; 421. an expansion section; 422. a guide portion; 43. an upper die; 44. side forms; 441. a template; 442. and (7) positioning the plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses an annular forging processing method based on a numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine, which comprises the following steps:
1) blank manufacturing, namely manufacturing an annular blank;
2) and (4) expanding, namely processing the blank by using a ring rolling mill 1 to expand the diameter of the blank to a preset size. Because the ring expanding process of the ring rolling mill 1 is rough machining, the preset size is the rough machining size of the environmental metal piece;
referring to fig. 1 and 2, since the ring mill 1 is provided with the measuring device 2, the ring mill 1 can measure the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the material when the material is ring-expanded. The measuring device 2 comprises a fixed frame 21 arranged on the base of the ring mill 1, two first measuring units 22 and two second measuring units 23 are arranged on the fixed frame 21, and the first measuring units 22 and the second measuring units 23 are both arranged as displacement sensors. Two second measuring units 23 are located between the two first measuring units 22. Abutting plates 24 are fixed to input ends of the two first measuring units 22, and the two abutting plates 24 are arranged oppositely. The two abutment plates 24 can abut against both sides of the blank, respectively, to measure the diameter of the blank.
Referring to fig. 2, a contact 25 is connected to each of input ends of the two second measuring units 23, and the contact 25 includes a fixed shaft 251 vertically disposed on the second measuring unit 23 and a roller 252 mounted on the fixed shaft 251. Two rollers 252 can be brought into abutment with the inner side wall of the annular blank to measure the inner diameter of the blank.
Referring to fig. 2, the frame of the ring rolling mill 1 is mounted with a slide rail 11, and the slide rail 11 is disposed along the length direction of the frame, and a fixing frame 21 is connected with the slide rail 11, and the fixing frame 21 can move along the slide rail 11. Therefore, when measuring the inner diameter of the blank, the holder 21 and the contact 25 are moved along the slide rail 11, and the maximum distance between the two contacts 25 is measured, that is, the inner diameter of the blank is measured.
After ring expansion by the ring rolling mill 1, the blank becomes a preformed piece.
3) And (3) shaping, namely after the preform is taken out of the ring rolling mill 1, performing die forging on the preform by using a forging press 3 and a die 4, so that the outline dimension of the preform is trimmed, the deviation between the preform and the product design dimension is reduced, and the processing is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the forging press 3 includes a base 31, and a plurality of horizontal power cylinders 32 are provided on the base 31, the plurality of horizontal power cylinders 32 being disposed opposite to each other and directed toward a central position of the base 31. The base 31 is further provided with a portal frame, and a vertical power cylinder 33 is fixed on the portal frame. The horizontal power cylinder 32 and the vertical power cylinder 33 both adopt hydraulic cylinders to ensure that the forging press 3 has enough pressure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the mold 4 includes a bottom mold 41 fixed to a central position of the base 31, and the bottom mold 41 is located between the plurality of horizontal power cylinders 32. The core mold 42 is fixed to the bottom mold 41, and the core mold 42 includes a cylindrical expanding portion 421 connected to the bottom mold 41 and a frustum-shaped guide portion 422 provided at an upper end of the expanding portion 421. After ring expanding processing of the ring rolling mill 1, the inner diameter of the preformed piece is larger than the diameter of the small end of the guide part 422, so that the preformed piece can be directly sleeved on the guide part 422. And the difference between the inner diameter of the preform and the diameter of the expansion portion 421 is 0.5-5cm to reduce the difficulty of the preform inner diameter trimming process.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an upper die 43 is fixed to an output end of the vertical power cylinder 33, the upper die 43 is disposed opposite to the bottom die 41, and a position of a bottom end of the upper die 43 corresponding to the core die 42 is provided with a relief groove so as to be capable of avoiding the guide portion 422 when the upper die 43 is closed, so that the upper die 43 can apply a downward pressure to the preform to enable the preform to be sleeved on the expanding portion 421, thereby trimming the inner diameter size of the preform.
Referring to fig. 3, the mold 4 further includes a side mold 44, the side mold 44 includes a plurality of mold plates 441 uniformly distributed on the peripheral side of the core mold 42, the plurality of mold plates 441 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of horizontal power cylinders 32, and the mold plates 441 are fixed on the output ends of the horizontal power cylinders 32. The side of the die plate 441 facing the core 42 is curved, and multiple die plates 441 can be spliced together to form a complete cylinder so that the side dies 44 can be attached to the preform side walls. The plurality of side dies 44 simultaneously pressurize the side walls of the preform driven by the horizontal power cylinder 32 to thereby trim the outer contour and outer diameter dimension of the preform.
Referring to fig. 3, the two ends of each template 441 are provided with a positioning plate 442, when the mold 4 works, the positioning plates 442 on the two adjacent templates 441 are abutted against each other, so that the stability of matching between the templates 441 is effectively improved, and the finishing effect on the preformed piece is improved.
The preform is modified to become a remolded part.
4) And (4) maintaining pressure, namely maintaining pressure of the remolded part in the die 4 to ensure that the remolded part is preliminarily shaped.
5) Demolding; demoulding the formed part to form a semi-finished product;
6) and subsequent processing, namely turning and thermally treating the semi-finished product to enable the semi-finished product to meet the design requirement.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for processing an annular forging based on a numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) blank manufacturing, namely manufacturing an annular blank;
2) ring expanding, namely processing the blank by using a ring rolling machine (1) to expand the diameter of the blank to a preset size, and then forming a preform by the blank;
3) shaping, namely forging and pressing the preform by using a mold (4) so as to trim the outline dimension of the preform and enable the preform to become a remolded part;
4) pressure maintaining, namely maintaining the pressure of the remolded part in the die (4);
5) demolding; demoulding the formed part to form a semi-finished product;
6) and subsequent processing, namely turning and thermally treating the semi-finished product to enable the semi-finished product to meet the design requirement.
2. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the die (4) comprises a bottom die (41), a core die (42) fixed on the bottom die (41), a side die (44) arranged on the periphery side of the core die (42) and an upper die (43) arranged opposite to the bottom die (41); a forging cavity is formed between the core die (42) and the side die (44);
the preform is placed on a core mold (42), and an upper mold (43) is used to apply pressure to the preform, so that the core mold (42) trims the inner diameter of the preform.
3. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the core mold (42) comprises an expansion part (421) and a guide part (422), and the guide part (422) is arranged in a frustum shape; the inner diameter of the preform is smaller than the diameter of the expansion part (421), and the inner diameter of the preform is larger than the diameter of the small end of the guide part (422); and the upper die (43) is provided with a yielding groove for yielding the guide part (422).
4. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the difference between the preform inner diameter and the diameter of the expansion (421) is 0.5-5 cm.
5. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the side die (44) comprises a plurality of die plates (441) distributed on the peripheral side of the core die (42), and one sides of the die plates (441) facing the core die (42) are all arranged in a cambered surface manner;
after the core mold (42) processes the inner diameter of the preform, a plurality of side molds (44) simultaneously pressurize the side wall of the preform to trim the outer diameter of the preform;
and after finishing the outer diameter of the preformed piece, maintaining the pressure of the preformed piece in the mold (4) to preliminarily shape the preformed piece.
6. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps of: both ends of template (441) all set up locating plate (442), and mould (4) are at the during operation, and locating plate (442) on two adjacent templates (441) are mutual butt joint.
7. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the die (4) is applied in a forging press (3); the forging press (3) comprises a base (31), a plurality of horizontal power cylinders (32) arranged on the base (31) and a vertical power cylinder (33) arranged above the base (31); the plurality of templates (441) correspond to the plurality of horizontal power cylinders (32) one by one, and the templates (441) are fixed on the output ends of the horizontal power cylinders (32); the bottom die (41) is fixed on the base (31), and the upper die (43) is fixed on the output end of the vertical power cylinder (33).
8. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the ring rolling mill (1) expands the ring of the blank, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the blank are measured.
9. The annular forging processing method based on the numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling machine according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps of: the ring rolling mill (1) is provided with a measuring device (2) for measuring the diameter of a preformed piece, wherein the measuring device (2) comprises a fixed frame (21), two oppositely arranged abutting plates (24) and a first measuring unit (22) for measuring the displacement of the two abutting plates (24); the abutting plate (24) and the first measuring unit (22) are both positioned on the fixed frame (21);
two contacts (25) are further arranged between the two abutting plates (24), the two contacts (25) are also arranged on the fixed frame (21), and a second measuring unit (23) used for measuring the displacement of the contacts (25) is further arranged on the fixed frame (21).
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| CN202110519353.2A CN113351811A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Annular forging processing method based on numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling mill |
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| CN202110519353.2A CN113351811A (en) | 2021-05-12 | 2021-05-12 | Annular forging processing method based on numerical control automatic hydraulic ring rolling mill |
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Application publication date: 20210907 |