CN113351623A - Kitchen waste treatment process method - Google Patents
Kitchen waste treatment process method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113351623A CN113351623A CN202110611995.5A CN202110611995A CN113351623A CN 113351623 A CN113351623 A CN 113351623A CN 202110611995 A CN202110611995 A CN 202110611995A CN 113351623 A CN113351623 A CN 113351623A
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- kitchen waste
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- waste treatment
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a kitchen garbage treatment process method; the method comprises the following steps: s1, pretreating the kitchen waste, S2, removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste, S3, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the grease-removed waste, and S4, carrying out aerobic composting on the solid residues to prepare an organic fertilizer; according to the invention, by treating the kitchen waste, the propagation of bacteria, viruses, flies and mice can be inhibited, the urban sanitary environment is improved, the urban pollution is reduced, and the recycling of energy and substances of the kitchen waste is realized through aerobic composting and the like, so that the emission reduction and the recycling of domestic kitchen waste are promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a kitchen garbage treatment process method.
Background
The catering industry in the current society develops rapidly, meanwhile, a large amount of kitchen waste is generated, and the generation speed of the kitchen waste is far higher than the treatment speed, so that the collection and treatment of the kitchen waste are one of the problems which are urgently needed to be solved in the current society.
Untreated animals are fed directly or waste edible oils are returned directly to the table with significant damage to the animals being fed, to food safety and to sanitation and household waste disposal facilities. And the coexistence of organic matters and water promotes the breeding of bacteria and viruses, is very easy to generate toxic and harmful substances, develops a large amount of mosquitoes and causes the occurrence and the propagation of epidemic diseases. Untreated kitchen waste can cause sewer blockage, and local longer-time blockage can cause the waste to release methane gas, resulting in the explosion of the sewer pipeline and threatening personal safety. In addition, due to the use of chemical products such as detergents, preservatives and the like, the kitchen waste contains toxic and harmful substances such as mercury, lead, aflatoxin and the like.
At present, the new technology of kitchen waste treatment has been explored at home and abroad, kitchen waste treatment projects are gradually increased, and the main treatment modes are as follows: 1) crushing and directly discharging. The method comprises the steps of crushing the kitchen waste, then discharging the kitchen waste into a sewer pipeline under the drive of water flow, and enabling the kitchen waste and other urban domestic sewage to enter a sewage plant for unified treatment. The technology has low cost and simple and convenient operation, can reduce the water content of the household garbage and reduce the treatment capacity of the household garbage; 2) and (7) landfill treatment. And (3) the household garbage and the kitchen garbage are sent into a garbage landfill site far away from urban residential areas together for uniform landfill. The method is low in cost, the kitchen waste is easy to decompose, and the influence on the life of residents is small. However, the water content of the kitchen waste is large, the production amount of garbage leachate in a landfill can be increased, and the quality of soil and underground water is affected. The method occupies large land area and is gradually abandoned by various countries; 3) and (4) performing energy treatment. The method can effectively utilize the energy contained in the garbage, but has higher investment cost, more advanced required technology, less related research except a burning method at present and immature technical system.
In summary, the development of a kitchen waste treatment process remains a key problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of waste treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a kitchen waste treatment process method, which can inhibit the propagation of bacteria, viruses, flies and mice by treating the kitchen waste, has great promotion effects on improving the urban sanitary environment and reducing urban pollution, realizes the cyclic utilization of energy and substances of the kitchen waste through aerobic composting and the like, and promotes the emission reduction and the recycling of domestic kitchen waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a kitchen waste treatment process method comprises the following steps:
and S1, preprocessing the kitchen waste.
And S2, removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste.
And S3, performing anaerobic fermentation on the garbage without the grease.
And (S4) carrying out aerobic composting on the oil-water solid residues to obtain the organic fertilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme: according to the invention, by treating the kitchen waste, the propagation of bacteria, viruses, flies and mice can be inhibited, the urban sanitary environment is improved, the urban pollution is reduced, and the recycling of energy and substances of the kitchen waste is realized through aerobic composting and the like, so that the emission reduction and the recycling of domestic kitchen waste are promoted.
The invention is further configured to: in step S1, the kitchen waste is pretreated, which includes the following steps:
s101, sorting the kitchen waste, and removing metal, glass and plastic in the kitchen waste.
And S102, crushing the sorted kitchen waste in a crusher.
By adopting the technical scheme: according to the invention, the separation is carried out through the kitchen waste, so that the metal and the like can be prevented from remaining in the solid residues, the growth environment of anaerobic bacteria and biological bacteria is further ensured, the quality of the prepared organic fertilizer is also improved, and the manual separation or the machine separation can be adopted during the separation, so that the selection can be carried out according to the requirements.
The invention is further configured to: in step S2, the method for removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste includes the following steps:
s201, placing the garbage particles in a wet-heat reactor, adding water into the wet-heat reactor, and cooking for 80min at the temperature of 160 ℃.
S202, filtering the damp and hot garbage, and putting the filtrate into a water separator to separate water from grease.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention is boiled for 80min at 160 ℃, provides proper temperature and time for grease recovery, is beneficial to liquefying and leaching grease in the solid phase of the kitchen waste, and can greatly improve the recovery rate of the grease.
The invention is further configured to: in step S201, when water is added, the water is made to submerge all the garbage particles.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention submerges all garbage particles in water, and can ensure that all garbage particles can be well degreased.
The invention is further configured to: in step 202, the obtained grease is purified for chemical production.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention purifies the grease, is the same as chemical production, realizes the recycling of the grease and reduces the pollution to the environment.
The invention is further configured to: in step S3, the anaerobic fermentation of the grease-removed garbage includes the following steps:
s301, placing the garbage particles in a sterilization box, and sterilizing at high temperature.
S302, placing the sterilized garbage particles in an anaerobic reaction tank, and adding anaerobic bacteria into an anaerobic reaction pipe for fermentation.
S303, using the biogas generated by fermentation for the oil-producing water of the electric generating set
And S304, collecting solid residues generated in the reaction for later use.
By adopting the technical scheme: according to the invention, through high-temperature sterilization, the effect of reducing bacterial and viral pollution of the kitchen waste can be achieved, through anaerobic fermentation, biogas can be generated for power generation, recycling of the waste is realized, and anaerobic reaction time of garbage particles can be shortened through adding anaerobic bacteria.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S302, the pH value in the anaerobic fermentation tank is adjusted to 5-10, and the temperature is controlled to be 30-35 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention can provide proper environment for anaerobic bacteria by setting the PH value and the temperature, ensures the activity of the anaerobic bacteria, and ensures that carbon dioxide generated in the fermentation process and ammonia formed by removing amino groups from protein form ammonium bicarbonate solution together, and the solution has buffer capacity, so that the pH value of the mixture is maintained at 5-10.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S4, the method for preparing organic fertilizer by composting the solid residue includes the following steps:
s401, carrying out aerobic composting on the generated solid residues.
S402, adding biological bacteria, and stirring to obtain the organic fertilizer.
By adopting the technical scheme: the invention realizes the effects of reliable production and short treatment period of the organic fertilizer by aerobic composting and biological bacteria strengthening.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can avoid metal and the like remaining in solid residues through sorting the kitchen waste, further ensure the growth environment of anaerobic bacteria and biological bacteria, also improve the quality of the prepared organic fertilizer, provide proper temperature and time for grease recovery in the treatment process, be beneficial to liquefying and leaching grease in the solid phase of the kitchen waste, greatly improve the grease recovery rate, realize recycling of the grease, achieve the effect of reducing bacterial and viral pollution of the kitchen waste through high-temperature sterilization, generate biogas for power generation through anaerobic fermentation, realize recycling of the waste, shorten the anaerobic reaction time of waste particles through adding anaerobic bacteria, realize the effects of reliability and short treatment period of the organic fertilizer production through aerobic composting and additional biological bacteria strengthening effect, improve the urban sanitary environment, and realize the effects of improving the urban sanitary environment, The method has great promotion effect on reducing urban pollution and promotes the emission reduction and the recycling of domestic kitchen waste.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a kitchen waste treatment process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a kitchen waste treatment process, and the kitchen waste treatment process comprises the following steps:
step one, kitchen waste is pretreated.
The pretreatment of the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
101) and sorting the kitchen waste to remove metal, glass and plastic in the kitchen waste.
102) And crushing the sorted kitchen garbage in a crusher.
And step two, removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste.
Removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste, comprising the following steps:
201) and putting the garbage particles into a wet-heat reactor, adding water into the wet-heat reactor, and cooking for 80min at the temperature of 160 ℃.
202) And filtering the damp and hot garbage, and putting the filtrate into an oil-water separator for separating water and grease.
When water is added, the water is allowed to submerge all the garbage particles.
Purifying the obtained grease for chemical production.
And step three, performing anaerobic fermentation on the garbage without the grease.
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the garbage without grease, and the method comprises the following steps:
301) and placing the garbage particles in a sterilization box, and sterilizing at high temperature.
302) And placing the sterilized garbage particles in an anaerobic reaction tank, and adding anaerobic bacteria into an anaerobic reaction pipe for fermentation.
303) And the biogas generated by fermentation is used for generating electricity by a motor group.
304) And collecting solid residues generated in the reaction for later use.
Adjusting the pH value in the anaerobic fermentation tank to 5, and controlling the temperature at 30 ℃.
And step four, carrying out aerobic composting on the solid residues to prepare the organic fertilizer.
The method for preparing the organic fertilizer by carrying out the aerobic composting on the solid residues comprises the following steps:
401) and carrying out aerobic composting on the generated solid residue.
402) Adding biological bacteria, and stirring to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Example 2
The kitchen waste treatment process method provided by the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows: placing the sterilized garbage particles in an anaerobic reaction tank:
the pH value in the anaerobic fermentation tank is adjusted to 10, and the temperature is controlled at 35 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The kitchen waste treatment process method provided by the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows: kitchen waste is not pre-treated.
Comparative example 2
The kitchen waste treatment process method provided by the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows: cooking at 150 deg.C for 80 min.
Comparative example 3
The kitchen waste treatment process method provided by the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows: the pH value in the anaerobic fermenter was not adjusted.
Comparative example 4
The kitchen waste treatment process method provided by the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows: no biological bacteria were added.
Performance testing
Taking the organic fertilizers prepared in the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-4, and detecting the relevant performances of the prepared organic fertilizers, wherein the detection results are as follows:
1. respectively detecting the quality (fertilizer efficiency 100 kg/mu) of each organic fertilizer, and recording the obtained test results in table 1;
TABLE 1 Fertilizer effect test Table for organic fertilizer
Taking the examples 1-2 and the comparative examples 1-4, detecting the recycling condition of the grease, wherein the detection results are as follows:
1. respectively detecting the recycling conditions of the grease, and recording the obtained test results in a table 2;
TABLE 2 oil and fat recovery and utilization detecting table
| Test items | Recovery and utilization of oil (%) |
| Example 1 | 99.05 |
| Example 2 | 98.89 |
| Comparative example 1 | 97.06 |
| Comparative example 2 | 86.51 |
| Comparative example 3 | 97.98 |
| Comparative example 4 | 98.02 |
According to analysis of relevant data in the table, the organic fertilizer prepared by the method has good fertilizer efficiency, can well realize the recovery effect of grease in the preparation process, and realizes emission reduction and recycling of kitchen waste.
The invention can avoid metal and the like remaining in solid residues through sorting the kitchen waste, further ensure the growth environment of anaerobic bacteria and biological bacteria, also improve the quality of the prepared organic fertilizer, provide proper temperature and time for grease recovery in the treatment process, be beneficial to liquefying and leaching grease in the solid phase of the kitchen waste, greatly improve the grease recovery rate, realize recycling of the grease, achieve the effect of reducing bacterial and viral pollution of the kitchen waste through high-temperature sterilization, generate biogas for power generation through anaerobic fermentation, realize recycling of the waste, shorten the anaerobic reaction time of waste particles through adding anaerobic bacteria, realize the effects of reliability and short treatment period of the organic fertilizer production through aerobic composting and additional biological bacteria strengthening effect, improve the urban sanitary environment, and realize the effects of improving the urban sanitary environment, The method has great promotion effect on reducing urban pollution and promotes the emission reduction and the recycling of domestic kitchen waste.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (8)
1. A kitchen waste treatment process method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing the kitchen waste;
s2, removing grease from the pretreated kitchen waste;
s3, performing anaerobic fermentation on the garbage without the grease;
s4, carrying out aerobic composting on the solid residues to obtain the organic fertilizer.
2. The kitchen waste treatment process method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the kitchen waste is pretreated, comprising the following steps:
s101, sorting the kitchen waste to remove metal, glass and plastic in the kitchen waste;
and S102, crushing the sorted kitchen waste in a crusher.
3. The kitchen waste treatment process method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the step of removing grease from the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
s201, placing the garbage particles in a wet-heat reactor, adding water into the wet-heat reactor, and cooking for 80min at the temperature of 160 ℃;
s202, filtering the damp and hot garbage, and putting the filtrate into an oil-water separator for separating water and grease.
4. The kitchen waste treatment process according to claim 3, characterized in that in step S201, when water is added, the water is made to submerge all waste particles.
5. The kitchen waste treatment process according to claim 3, wherein in step 202, the obtained grease is purified for chemical production.
6. The kitchen waste treatment process method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the anaerobic fermentation is performed on the grease-removed waste, and the method comprises the following steps:
s301, placing the garbage particles in a sterilization box, and sterilizing at high temperature;
s302, placing the sterilized garbage particles in an anaerobic reaction tank, and adding anaerobic bacteria into an anaerobic reaction pipe for fermentation;
s303, using the biogas generated by fermentation for power generation of a motor set;
and S304, collecting solid residues generated in the reaction for later use.
7. The kitchen waste treatment process as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step S302, the pH value in the anaerobic fermentation tank is adjusted to 5-10, and the temperature is controlled to 30-35 ℃.
8. The kitchen waste treatment process method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the solid residue is composted to produce organic fertilizer, comprising the steps of:
s401, carrying out aerobic composting on the generated solid residues;
s402, adding biological bacteria, and stirring to obtain the organic fertilizer.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114888038A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-12 | 安徽科技学院 | Kitchen waste compost deoiling and degreasing process |
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