CN113348297A - 油储存和过滤系统 - Google Patents

油储存和过滤系统 Download PDF

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CN113348297A
CN113348297A CN202080011023.6A CN202080011023A CN113348297A CN 113348297 A CN113348297 A CN 113348297A CN 202080011023 A CN202080011023 A CN 202080011023A CN 113348297 A CN113348297 A CN 113348297A
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oil
pressure
filtration system
storage tank
valve
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CN113348297B (zh
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马克·斯卡德尔
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Safran Power Units SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/04—Filling or draining lubricant of or from machines or engines
    • F01M11/0458—Lubricant filling and draining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/005—Filters specially adapted for use in internal-combustion engine lubrication or fuel systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
    • B01D35/157—Flow control valves: Damping or calibrated passages
    • B01D35/1573—Flow control valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/16—Cleaning-out devices, e.g. for removing the cake from the filter casing or for evacuating the last remnants of liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/03—Mounting or connecting of lubricant purifying means relative to the machine or engine; Details of lubricant purifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M11/12—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N31/00—Means for collecting, retaining, or draining-off lubricant in or on machines or apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N37/00—Equipment for transferring lubricant from one container to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
    • F01M2011/0029—Oilsumps with oil filters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于发动机单元的油储存和过滤系统，包括开关阀，所述开关阀限定了当接收供气且处于接通位置时的运行阶段，以及当处于关闭位置或未接收供气时的待命阶段。该系统还包括注泄阀，其限定了分别对应于从发动机单元排空油以及向发动机单元加油油的排出状态和加注状态。该系统还包括控制阀、压力/真空阀和储存罐。储存罐在加注状态以加压的条件储油，在排出状态中以真空条件储油，以及在待命阶段以大气条件储油。该系统还包括在排出状态与储存罐流体地连通并且在加注状态与储存罐流体地隔离的真空发生器。

Description

油储存和过滤系统
背景技术
辅助动力单元(APU)是一种为推进以外的功能提供能量的车载装置。APU通常出现在大型飞行器上以提供电能。例如，飞行器APU可在400Hz下产生115V的交流电(AC)，以使飞行器的电气系统运行。
APU应当理解为是一种发动机单元。因此，发动机单元包括诸多APU和其他类型的发电装置。如也将理解的是，通常在安装到飞行器上之前对发动机单元进行测试。例如，可在初始生产之后和在交付到飞行器的装配工之前对发动机单元进行测试。该测试包括在运行过程中的多种参数的测量。因此，发动机单元必须加油有多种流体，例如包括用于所述测试操作的油。然而，发动机单元并没有与流体一起交付到飞行器的装配工。因此，发动机单元在交付之前必须排所有流体。
处理在试验过程中发动机单元中的流体既不符合成本效益，也不符合环境要求。因此，需要一种更好的系统和方法以应对这种情况。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况，发动机单元的油储存和过滤系统包括一种选择性地接收供气的开关阀。开关阀限定了当接收供气且处于接通位置时的运行阶段，以及当处于关闭位置或未接收供气时的待命阶段。油储存和过滤系统还包括一种在运行阶段中从开关阀接收供气的注泄阀。在运行阶段中，注泄阀限定了分别对应于从发动机单元排空油以及向发动机单元加油油的排出状态和加注状态。油储存和过滤系统还包括一种在运行阶段中从开关阀接收供气的控制阀，与控制阀流体连通的压力/真空阀，以及与压力/真空阀流体连通的储存罐。储存罐被构造成在三种情况下储油。这三种情况包括在加注状态中的加压条件，在排出状态中的真空条件，以及在待命阶段中的大气条件。油储存和过滤系统还包括与控制阀选择性流体连通的真空发生器。真空发生器在排出状态中与储存罐流体地连通，在加注状态中与储存罐流体地隔离。
根据一个方面，一种处理来自发动机单元的油的方法包括将油储存和过滤系统流体地连接到供气，选择性地提供供气到油储存和过滤系统，以及将油储存和过滤系统流体地连接到发动机单元，使得该从发动机单元选择性地移除油储存和过滤系统。该方法还包括对油储存和过滤系统的储存罐进行减压，以通过储存罐输入管路将油从发动机单元输送到储存罐，将油存储在该油储存和过滤系统的储存罐中，以及对油储存和过滤系统的储存罐进行加压，以将储存罐中的油通过储存罐排放管路输送到发动机单元。
附图简要说明
图1是油储存和过滤系统的后透视图；
图2是油储存和过滤系统的前透视图；
图3是油储存和过滤系统的示意图；以及
图4是一种示出处理来自发动机单元的油的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
图1-3示出了一种油储存和过滤系统10。首先特别地注意图3，示出了一种被构造成可拆卸地连接到发动机单元94的油储存和过滤系统10的示意图。将会理解的是，术语“发动机单元”包括“辅助动力单元”(APU)，并且在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，这些术语可以互换地使用。油储存和过滤系统10可包括接收供气14的开关阀12，注泄阀16，控制阀18，节流孔20和安全储气罐22。油储存和过滤系统10还可包括吸油喷嘴24、吸油止回阀26、观察孔28，观察孔止回阀30，以及具有底端34和顶端36的储存罐32。
油储存和过滤系统10还可包括具有输入管路远端38a的输入管路38、进通气口40、油箱减压阀42、手动球阀44、具有排放管路远端46a的排放管路46、油量计48、滤油器50，以及油分配喷嘴。油储存和过滤系统10可进一步包括压力/真空阀54，消音器56，真空发生器58，气压计60，气压调节器62和供气止回阀64。
如将会理解的那样，关于管路、分支和导向器(pilot)的以下讨论详细地说明了供气14如何在多个部件之间流体地连通。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，多个管路、分支和导向器可以由任何数量的材料制成并且具有多种形状和尺寸。例如，只要管路、分支和导向器在这些部件之间连通供气14，使得油储存和过滤系统10可以如下所述进行操作，这是可以接受的。
第一管路66流体地连接供气14和开关阀12。第二管路68流体地连接开关阀12和控制阀18。第一分支70从第一管路66延伸到注泄阀16，第二分支72从第一管路66延伸到供气止回阀64。第一导向器74从第一管路66延伸到控制阀18，第三分支76从第一管路66延伸到安全储气罐22。
第二导向器78流体地连接控制阀18和压力/真空阀54，第三导向器80流体地连接控制阀18和注泄阀16。第四导向器82流体地连接注泄阀16和压力/真空阀54。第四分支84流体地连接气压调节器62和压力/真空阀54，其中空气压力计60设置在二者之间。第三管路86和第四管路88每个都流体地连接压力/真空阀54和真空发生器58。第五管路90流体地连接压力/真空阀54和储存罐32。
开关阀12选择性地接收供气14，并在接收供气14和处于接通位置时限定了一种运行阶段。开关阀12还在处于关闭位置或不接收供气14时限定了了待命阶段。可以设想的是，供气14会在100PSI和180PSI之间，并且具有在工业环境中供给的常规容积。需要注意的是，本发明中对压力的所有引用都是表压，而非绝对压力。因此，以上记录的压力将比大气压力大100PSI到180PSI。
在运行阶段中，注泄阀16从开关阀12接收供气14。此外，在运行阶段中，注泄阀16限定了排出状态和加注状态。气压调节器62调节了被提供到压力/真空阀54的供气14的压力。
在运行阶段中，控制阀18从开关阀12和供气14接收来自第一导向器74的空气，压力/真空阀54与控制阀18流体地连通。控制阀18监测供气14的压力，并且流体地设置在安全储气罐22或注泄阀16和压力/真空阀54之间。
当供气14降到0PSI时，节流孔20限制了来自安全储气罐22的气流。这允许控制阀18从安全储气罐22向压力/真空阀54供气，其允许储存罐32稳定到0PSI或大气条件。当安全储气罐22压力降到40PSI以下时，压力/真空阀54关闭。因此，在0PSI或大气条件下，任何油都包含在储存罐32中。
安全储气罐22与油流体地隔离，并流体地连接到控制阀18。安全储气罐22在运行阶段中从开关阀12接收供气14。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，安全储气罐22可以由任何数量的材料制成并且具有多种形状。例如，安全储气罐22可具有一种孔口为0.010英寸的37立方英寸的容量，并且具有至少180PSI的额定压力。安全储气罐22可使相对于压力/真空阀54的超过40PSI的压力保持足够长，以允许储存罐32在0PSI或大气条件下稳定。
吸油止回阀26防止可能在吸油喷嘴24和观察孔28之间的油从吸油喷嘴24泄漏。此外，根据设计冗余，观察孔止回阀30防止储存罐32中的油通过吸油喷嘴24排出。
观察孔28提供了油流动状态的视觉指示。因此，油储存和过滤系统10的用户可很容易地确定油是否沉积到储存罐32中。观察孔28流体地连接到储存罐32，使得观察孔28流体地设置在吸油喷嘴24和储存罐32之间。
储存罐32与压力/真空阀54流体地连通，并被构造成在三种条件下储油。这些条件包括在加注状态中的加压条件、在排出状态中的真空条件和在待命阶段中的大气条件。储存罐32包括设置在储存罐32的相对端部的顶端36和底端34。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，储存罐32可以由任何数量的材料制成并且具有多种形状。例如，储存罐32可具有任何的容量，并且具有高于调节压力的额定压力以及27英寸的汞柱(真空)。例如，这些值可以是60PSI和27英寸汞柱的真空。
如下文将更详细描述的那样，储存罐32用作用于从发动机单元94排空和加油油的真空箱和加压箱。因此，不需要许多储存罐，从而减小了油储存和过滤系统10的总体尺寸和重量。如将会理解的，这也降低了油储存和过滤系统10的制造成本。
还应理解的是，储存罐32和油储存和过滤系统10被构造，使得储存罐32中的油与储存罐32中的供气14保持不同。特别地，供气14在储存罐32中的存在或缺乏仅用于在储存罐32中进行加压或产生真空，以便分别将油从储存罐32送出或输送到储存罐32中。当发动机单元94接收油时，储存罐32中的油与储存罐32中的供气的任何混合都可能导致油的性能下降。
储存罐32的顶端36限定了通过第五管路90与压力/真空阀54流体连通的通气口40。通气口40被定位，使得油不会通过通气口40连通。因此，油并不会通过通气口40，然后通过第五管路90和压力/真空阀54从储存罐32流出。这防止了油通过消音器56释放到环境中。如将会理解的，期望防止所述释放以使环境影响最小化，并优化滤油系统10的组件的操作。
输入管路38延伸到储存罐32内，以将储存罐32外部的油输送到储存罐32，并限定了输入管路长度。排放管路46延伸到储存罐32内，以将储存罐32内部的油输送到储存罐32外部，并限定了排放管路长度。
输入管路38包括输入管路远端38a，排放管路46包括排放管路远端46a。输入管路远端38a可与底端34间隔，排放管路远端46a也可与底端34间隔。这种布置确保了在加油发动机单元94时，可从储存罐32中移除最大量的油。
吸油喷嘴24流体地连接到储存罐32，并被构造成可拆卸地连接到发动机单元94。此外，油分配喷嘴52流体地连接到储存罐32，并被构造成可拆卸地连接到发动机单元94。如图2-3所示，吸油喷嘴24和油分配喷嘴52被构造成允许与发动机单元94的快速附接和脱离。
油箱减压阀42被构造成在储存罐32中产生过大压力时打开。因此，油箱减压阀42确保了储存罐32中不会产生过压情况，从而通过排出储存罐32中会存在的任何过量供气14来避免储存罐32的破裂或分裂。此外，手动球阀44可用于手动地加油/排出储存罐32中的任何供气14。
油量计48可具有常规结构，并向用户提供关于储存罐32中存在的压力或真空的数字指示到滤油器50。滤油器50过滤油，并且流体地连接到储存罐32，使得滤油器50流体地设置在油分配喷嘴52和储存罐32之间。滤油器50被构造成从油移除多种污染物和异物。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，滤油器50可由多种材料制成并且具有多种形状。滤油器50可被可移除地附接，以便在不再可用时易于更换。
压力/真空阀54流体地连接到开关阀12，使得气压调节器62设置在二者之间。压力/真空阀54控制供气14是否用于操作真空发生器58以产生真空，从而使油从发动机单元94输送到储存罐32，或防止供气14输送到真空发生器58，使得不产生真空。此外，压力/真空阀54可以将供气14转移到储存罐32，以将油从储存罐32输送到发动机单元94。
消音器56被构造成减少通过从油储存和过滤系统10排出供气14所导致的噪音。消音器56流体地连接到真空发生器58。此外，消音器56是供气14流动的终端。在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，消音器56可具有多种类型的结构。
真空发生器58利用供气14以产生与储存罐32选择性地连通的真空。如本领域已知的，真空发生器58利用文丘里管产生真空。真空发生器58与控制阀18(经由压力/真空阀54)选择性地流体连通，并且在加油/排出状态中与储存罐32流体地连通，以及在加注状态中与储存罐32流体地隔离。另外，真空发生器58流体地设置在消音器56和压力/真空阀54之间。
参考图1-2，图中显示该油储存和过滤系统10。油储存和过滤系统10可包括框架92，安全储气罐22和储存罐32附接到所述框架92。框架92可由多种材料制成。框架92包括设置在框架92的彼此相对的垂直端的上端92a和下端92b。上端92a被构造成由用户接触以移动油储存和过滤系统10。如将会理解的，根据发动机单元94的位置，期望能够将油储存和过滤系统10移动到不同的位置。框架92的下端92b被构造成连接到至少一个轮子96，以协助移动油储存和过滤系统10。
参考图4，示出了一种处理来自发动机单元94的油的方法100。在102，油储存和过滤系统10流体地连接到供气14。在104，选择性地提供供气14到油储存和过滤系统10。在106，油储存和过滤系统10流体地连接到发动机单元94。在108，一部分供气14存储在安全储气罐22中。在110，监测供气14的流体压力。在112，对储存罐32进行减压，并且在114，油存储在储存罐32中。在116，对储存罐32进行加压。在118，过滤来自储存罐32的油。在120，在发动机单元94中接收油。在122，由来自安全储气罐22的部分供气14驱动压力/真空阀54。当供气14的监测流体压力小于预定值(例如40PSI)时，或当供气14的监测流体压力等于零时，即供气14的绝对压力等于大气压力，会发生该驱动。在124，由于压力/真空阀54的驱动，使储存罐32的压力均衡到大气压力。
现在将描述用于从发动机单元94排出油的油储存和过滤系统10的操作。供气14连接到开关阀12。此外，将注泄阀16设置到排出位置，将开关阀12设置到接通位置。这允许供气14通向注泄阀16和供气止回阀64，所述供气止回阀64通向气压调节器62。供气14还连通到控制阀18上的导向阀和节流孔20，并加油安全储气罐22。
第一导向器74中的供气14将控制阀18移动到工作位置。这允许可能大致100PSI的供气14与注泄阀16连通，并通过控制阀18与压力/真空阀54的导向器连通。
压力/真空阀54随后移动到真空位置，由于注泄阀16处于排出位置。因此，供气14通过气压调节器62连通到压力/真空阀54中，并通过通向真空发生器58的第三管路86转移。压力/真空阀54也通向储存罐32，其允许从真空发生器58产生真空以从储存罐32吸出。因此，抽吸和压力都通过消音器56从油储存和过滤系统10退出。
这导致油从发动机单元94移除并进入油储存和过滤系统10。来自发动机单元94的油通过吸油止回阀26输送，并可以行进通过软管或其他输送方式通过观察孔28，然后通过观察孔止回阀30。油然后穿过输入管路38的远端38a并且进入储存罐32。在储存罐32的顶端36，可存在油箱减压阀42和手动球阀44。手动球阀44可用于确认储存罐32为空的，并且油表48也可用于确认储存罐32无压力或真空。
如果开关阀12移到关闭位置，或者如果供气14断开，或者如果供气14下降到预定压力以下，则开关阀12自动地移动到关闭位置。预定压力为大致40PSI。这打开了开关阀12上的出口，其释放了管路的所有压力。
供气止回阀64保持气压调节器62的油箱侧上的压力，但该压力已通过真空发生器58退出。压力/真空阀54通过来自安全储气罐22的空气保持打开，因此当被加压的空气通过开关阀12释放时，控制阀18自动地弹起，以使空气从安全储气罐22转移到将压力/真空阀54保持在真空位置的导向管路。这允许所有真空离开储存罐32，并在储存罐32中达到大气压力平衡。
现在，将描述用于将油从储存罐32输送到发动机单元94的油储存和过滤系统10的操作。供气14连接到开关阀12。此外，将注泄阀16设置到加油位置，并且将开关阀12设置到接通位置。这允许供气14通向注泄阀16和供气止回阀64，所述供气止回阀64通向气压调节器62。供气14还连通控制阀18上的导向阀和节流孔20，并加油安全储气罐22。
当存在足够的压力(通常至少40PSI)时，控制阀18移动到工作位置。压力/真空阀54关闭，但当开关阀12设置到接通位置时，压力/真空阀54被激励。供气14行进通过处于加油位置的注泄阀16，并且驱动压力/真空阀54上的导向器，所述导向器将压力/真空阀54推入加压位置。
这使供气14可从气压调节器62进入储存罐32，并且供气14与真空发生器58隔离。因此，可能为大致40至60PSI的储存罐32中的气压迫使油由油量计48并通过滤油器50流出储存罐32。然后，来自储存罐32的被过滤油穿过油分配喷嘴52进入发动机单元94。
如果开关阀12移动到关闭位置，或者如果供气14断开，或者如果供气14下降到预定压力以下，则开关阀12自动地移动到关闭位置。预定压力可以为大致40PSI。这打开了开关阀12上的出口，其释放了管路的所有压力。控制阀18将弹回到安全位置，并且来自安全储气罐22的空气将驱动压力/真空阀54回到真空位置，以排出储存罐32中的任何压缩空气。
当压力/真空阀54处于真空位置时，储存罐32中的空气压力吹过真空发生器58并且吹出消音器56。然后，将油储存和过滤系统10标准化为大气压力，并且安全储气罐22为空的(即，安全储气罐22中的空气通过节流孔20与开关阀12连通)。一旦空气从安全储气罐22排出，压力/真空阀54返回到关闭位置，并且存在一种没有压力或真空的关闭系统。明确地说，所有部件和管路、分支和导向器都处于大气压力下。所有存储能量(压力或真空)的该自动释放大大地增强了油储存和过滤系统10的安全操作，同时仍然防止油释放到环境中。
油储存和过滤系统10以及处理来自发动机单元94的油的方法100提供了许多优点。这些优点包括能够在发动机单元测试中无限期地重复使用油。这避免了购买额外油的成本，并且也避免了与油处置相关的后续成本。此外，除供气14外，不需要外部电源、泵或驱动系统。此外，油储存和过滤系统10自我调节，并且包括用于防止超压和漏油的安全装置。此外，油储存和过滤系统10是便携式的。
如上已经详细地描述了一种油储存和过滤系统以及一种处理来自发动机单元的油的方法。在阅读和理解先前的详细描述之后，这些将发生修改和改变。然而，本发明不仅仅限于如上所述的实施例。相反，由所附权利要求及其等同方案广泛地限定本发明。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于发动机单元的油储存和过滤系统，所述油储存和过滤系统包括：
开关阀，所述开关阀选择性地接收供气，其中，所述开关阀限定了当接收供气且处于接通位置时的运行阶段，以及当处于关闭位置或未接收供气时的待命阶段；
注泄阀，所述注泄阀在运行阶段过程中从所述开关阀接收供气，其中，在运行阶段过程中，所述注泄阀限定了分别对应于从发动机单元排空油以及向发动机单元加满油的排出状态和加注状态；
控制阀，所述控制阀在运行阶段过程中从所述开关阀接收供气；
压力/真空阀，所述压力/真空阀与所述控制阀流体连通；以及
储存罐，所述储存罐与所述压力/真空阀流体连通，所述储存罐设置为在三种状况下储油，所述三种状况包括：
在加注状态过程中的加压状况，
在排出状态过程中的真空状况，和
在待命阶段过程中的大气状况；以及
真空发生器，所述真空发生器与所述控制阀选择性地流体连通，其中，所述真空发生器在所述排出状态过程中与所述储存罐流体连通，在所述加注状态过程中与所述储存罐流体隔离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
安全储气罐，所述安全储气罐与油流体隔离，其中，所述安全储气罐流体连接到所述控制阀，并在运行阶段过程中接收来自所述开关阀的供气。
3.根据权利要求2所述的油储存和过滤系统，其中，所述控制阀监测供气的压力，并流体地设置在所述安全储气罐与所述压力/真空阀之间。
4.根据权利要求2所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
框架，所述安全储气罐和所述储存罐附接到所述框架，其中，所述框架包括上端和下端，所述上端设置为由用户接触以移动所述油储存和过滤系统，所述下端设置为连接到至少一个轮子，所述上端和下端设置在所述框架的彼此相对的垂直端。
5.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
输入管路，所述输入管路延伸到所述储存罐中，以将油从所述储存罐的外部输送到所述储存罐中，并限定了输入管路长度；和
排放管路，所述排放管路延伸到所述储存罐中，以将油从所述储存罐的内部输送到所述储存罐的外部，并限定了排放管路长度。
6.根据权利要求5所述的油储存和过滤系统，其中，所述储存罐包括顶端和底端，所述顶端限定了与所述压力/真空阀流体连通的通气口，所述输入管路包括输入管路远端，所述排出管路包括排出管路远端，所述输入管路远端与所述底端间隔开。
7.根据权利要求6所述的油储存和过滤系统，其中，所述通气口被定位为使得油不通过通气口连通。
8.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
油分配喷嘴，所述油分配喷嘴流体地连接到所述储存罐，所述油分配喷嘴设置为可拆卸地连接到相关联的发动机单元；以及
过滤油的滤油器，所述滤油器流体地连接到所述储存罐，使得所述滤油器流体地设置在所述油分配喷嘴与所述储存罐之间。
9.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
吸油喷嘴，所述吸油喷嘴流体地连接到所述储存罐，所述吸油喷嘴设置为可拆卸地连接到相关联的发动机单元；以及
观察孔，所述观察孔提供油的流动状态的视觉指示，所述观察孔流体地连接到所述储存罐，使得所述观察孔流体地布置在所述吸油喷嘴与所述储存罐之间。
10.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括：
消音器，所述消音器流体地连接到所述真空发生器，所述消音器是供气的流动的终点。
11.根据权利要求10所述的油储存和过滤系统，其中，所述真空发生器流体地设置在所述消音器与所述压力/真空阀之间，所述消音器设置为减少由供气从所述油储存和过滤系统的排出所导致的噪音。
12.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，其中，所述储存罐通过所述储存罐的通气口流体地连接到所述压力/真空阀，油并不通过所述通气口排出所述储存罐。
13.根据权利要求1所述的油储存和过滤系统，还包括一气压调节器，该气压调节器调节提供给所述压力/真空阀的供气的压力，所述压力/真空阀流体地连接到所述注泄阀，使得所述气压调节器布置在它们之间。
14.一种处理来自发动机单元的油的方法，该方法包括：
将一油储存和过滤系统流体地连接到供气；
选择性地将供气提供给所述油储存和过滤系统；
将所述油储存和过滤系统流体地连接到发动机单元，使得所述油储存和过滤系统可选择性地从所述发动机单元移除；
将所述油储存和过滤系统的一储存罐进行减压，以通过储存罐输入管路将油从发动机单元输送到所述储存罐；
将油存储在所述油储存和过滤系统的储存罐中；以及
将所述油储存和过滤系统的储存罐进行加压，以通过储存罐排放管路将来自所述储存罐的油输送到发动机单元。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括：
在油接收在所述发动机单元中之前，过滤来自储存罐的油。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括：
在所述油储存和过滤系统的安全储气罐中储存一部分供气，其中，所述安全储气罐与油流体地隔离；以及
监测供气的流体压力。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法，还包括：
当所监测的供气的流体压力等于零时，用来自所述安全储气罐的该部分供气驱动所述油储存和过滤系统的压力/真空阀；以及
由于所监测的供气的流体压力为零，当驱动压力/真空阀时，均衡所述储存罐的内部压力至大气压力。
18.根据权利要求16所述的方法，还包括：
当所监测的供气的流体压力小于一预定值时，用来自所述安全储气罐的该部分供气驱动所述油储存和过滤系统的压力/真空阀；并且
由于所监测的供气的流体压力小于一预定值，当驱动所述压力/真空阀时，均衡所述储存罐的内部压力至大气压力。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中，所述预定值为40磅每平方英寸。
20.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述储存罐通过所述储存罐的通气口流体地连接到一压力/真空阀，油并不通过所述通气口排出所述储存罐。
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US20200240298A1 (en) 2020-07-30
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WO2020159808A1 (en) 2020-08-06
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