CN113346348A

CN113346348A - Laser scalpel with ultralow collateral damage

Info

Publication number: CN113346348A
Application number: CN202110561547.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭钦军; 陈中正; 宗楠; 申玉; 张申金; 薄勇
Original assignee: Advanced Laser Research Institute Institute Of Physical And Chemical Technology Chinese Academy Of Sciences Jinan
Current assignee: Zhongke Liangguang Hefei Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-22
Filing date: 2021-05-22
Publication date: 2021-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-22
Also published as: CN113346348B

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel, which comprises a controller, a laser source, a light beam shaping module, a light beam transmission module and a handheld output end module which are connected; wherein the laser source is a 6.45 μm laser source for generating a 6.45 μm laser; the beam shaping module is used for shaping 6.45 mu m laser generated by the laser source; the light beam transmission module is used for transmitting the 6.45 mu m laser shaped by the light beam shaping module; the handheld output end module is used for outputting the 6.45 mu m laser transmitted by the light beam transmission module; the controller is used for controlling the laser source. The invention can reduce the complexity of the system, greatly improve the electro-optic efficiency and the stability and the reliability of the laser scalpel, realize high-efficiency and compact 6.45 mu m laser output, greatly reduce collateral damage by using the laser for the operation of a patient, and obviously improve the treatment effect, thereby fully reducing the pain of the related patient.

Description

Laser scalpel with ultralow collateral damage

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a laser scalpel with ultra-low collateral damage.

Background

The high-precision low-collateral damage laser can be used as a laser knife and has important application value in the biological and medical fields of tissue cell separation, precise surgical operation and the like. Brain/spinal tumors seriously affect the functions and lives of the human nervous system, and the timely discovery and removal of the brain/spinal tumors are very important, and because of the abundance of blood vessels in the nerve center, the collateral damage to the nerve center, blood vessels and the like in important functional areas in the operation process can affect the living quality and even the lives of patients. The 6.45 mu m laser is widely concerned due to the special effect on water and protein, and the collateral damage of the laser with the wavelength used for cutting parts such as nerve center tissues, eyes and the like is extremely small and can reach the single cell magnitude based on the laser ablation mechanism that the protein structure denaturation generated in the action and the water absorption provide the explosive force dual effect combination; compared with the traditional scalpel, electrocoagulation and ultraviolet, visible and near infrared lasers with the wavelength of 1 μm, the intermediate and far infrared lasers with the wavelength of 3 μm and 10.6 μm, the 6.45 μm laser incision is clear, the excision precision can reach the single cell level and the collateral damage μm level, and the laser is an ideal choice for brain/spine minimally invasive surgery.

At present, the 6.45 μm laser generation approaches are mainly as follows: free Electron Lasers (FEL), strontium vapor lasers, gas raman lasers, solid state lasers based on nonlinear optical frequency conversion technology; the Free Electron Laser (FEL) has a complex structure, a large volume (occupying 5 floors), complex operation and maintenance, high cost and limited laser performance (power mW level), and biological effects, clinical medicine and other researches cannot be deeply developed at present; the strontium vapor laser is convenient and has the power of 2.5W, but has the defects of short service life of a high-voltage and high-current discharge tube, easy chemical reaction between metal strontium and the laser discharge tube at high temperature and the like; the gas Raman laser technology adopts hydrogen as a Raman laser medium, obtains target wavelength laser through multi-stage frequency conversion, but has low stability and complex maintenance; the solid laser has compact frequency conversion structure and high stability, can realize the operation of the table top of an operating room, is suitable for clinical operation, is one of the most promising technical means for obtaining 6.45 mu m laser, but is limited by a crystal damage threshold value and has great technical difficulty.

The existing intermediate infrared laser generation technical route of all-solid frequency conversion mainly adopts 780nm semiconductor laser pumping Tm: YLF crystal to generate 1.9 mu m laser, then cascade pumping Ho: YAG crystal to generate 2.1 mu m laser, and finally intermediate infrared laser is generated through ZGP crystal frequency conversion. However, the thermodynamic property of YLF crystal is limited by Tm, so that the YLF crystal is difficult to bear high-power operation, has many modules, is complex in system and has low electro-optical efficiency.

The Tm-doped YAG crystal (Tm: YAG) is the host material for the most widely used laser gain crystal with the best thermo-mechanical performance at present. However, due to the large loss of Tm: YAG laser quantum, serious thermal effect, rich gain spectral line, many laser channels, difficult output of specific wavelength and difficult realization of high-power polarized laser output.

Therefore, there is a need to develop an ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel, which can stably output high-power 6.45 μm laser and has an optimized structure and easy maintenance, thereby improving the treatment effect of relevant patients.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultralow collateral damage laser scalpel, which realizes high-power 6.45 mu m laser output, enhances the stability, provides reliable guarantee for the operation of related patients, reduces collateral damage, improves the treatment effect and further effectively reduces the pain of related patients.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: an ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel comprises a controller, a laser source, a beam shaping module, a beam transmission module and a handheld output end module which are connected; wherein the laser source is a 6.45 μm laser source for generating a 6.45 μm laser; the beam shaping module is used for shaping 6.45 mu m laser generated by the laser source; the light beam transmission module is used for transmitting the 6.45 mu m laser which is shaped by the light beam shaping module; the handheld output end module is used for outputting the 6.45 mu m laser transmitted by the light beam transmission module; the controller is used for controlling the laser source.

Further, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, the light beam transmission module is a light guide arm or an optical fiber.

Further, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel, the handheld output end module is a puncture needle or a laser pencil sharpener.

Further, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, the laser source includes at least three sets of laser resonant cavities; in each group of laser resonant cavities, at least one group of laser resonant cavities is provided with a nonlinear optical medium, and at least two groups of laser resonant cavities share one group of polaroids and one group of laser gain structures.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the invention, the laser gain structure comprises a laser gain medium, and the laser gain medium is made of a Tm: YAG crystal material.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, the nonlinear optical medium is composed of ZGP crystalline material.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, at least two groups of laser resonators in each group of laser resonators are 2.1 μm laser resonators, and at least one group of laser resonators is 6.45 μm laser resonators.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel according to the present invention, the polarizer is a 45-degree polarizer or a 55.6-degree polarizer.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, the laser source includes three groups of laser resonant cavities, which are a first laser resonant cavity, a second laser resonant cavity and a third laser resonant cavity; the third laser resonant cavity is arranged in the first laser resonant cavity and shares an output end mirror with the first laser resonant cavity; a first nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the third laser resonant cavity; the first laser resonant cavity and the second laser resonant cavity share a first polarizer and a first laser gain structure.

Preferably, in the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention, the laser source includes three groups of laser resonant cavities, which are a fourth laser resonant cavity, a fifth laser resonant cavity and a sixth laser resonant cavity respectively; the sixth laser resonant cavity is arranged on an output light path of the fourth laser resonant cavity or an output light path of the fifth laser resonant cavity; a second nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the sixth laser resonant cavity; and the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity share a second polaroid and a second laser gain structure.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the laser with the diameter of 6.45 mu m is obtained through the optimization design of the external cavity optical parameters or the intracavity optical parameters, the complexity of the system is reduced, compared with the prior art, the laser scalpel with the diameter of 6.45 mu m has the advantages that the first-stage laser process is reduced at least, the electro-optic efficiency and the stability and reliability of the laser scalpel are greatly improved, the high-efficiency and compact 6.45 mu m laser output is realized, the focus of a relevant patient is removed through the laser ablation principle, the collateral damage is greatly reduced, the treatment effect is obviously improved, and the pain of the relevant patient is fully reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view (I) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view (two) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram (one) of a first laser gain structure of the laser source shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram (II) of a first laser gain structure of the laser source shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view (III) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view (IV) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view (V) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic View (VI) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic View (VII) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view (eight) of the laser source of the ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram (one) of a second laser gain structure of the laser source shown in FIGS. 6-11;

FIG. 13 is a second schematic structural view (II) of a second laser gain configuration of the laser source shown in FIGS. 6-11;

shown in the figure:

1-a laser source, 2-a beam shaping module, 3-a beam transmission module, 4-a handheld output end module and 5-a controller;

10101-a first high-reflection mirror, 10102-a first laser gain structure, 10103-a first polarizer, 10104-a first input mirror, 10105-a first nonlinear optical medium, 10106-a first a output mirror, 10107-a first B output mirror;

1010201-first pump source, 1010202-first laser gain medium, 1010203-first heat sink;

10201-a second high-reflection mirror, 10202-a second laser gain structure, 10203-a second polarizer, 10204-a second input mirror, 10205-a second nonlinear optical medium, 10206-a second output mirror, 10207-a second B output mirror, 10208-a second C output mirror, 10209-a beam shaping element, 10210-an isolation element;

1020201-second pump source, 1020202-second laser gain medium, 1020203-second heat sink.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

In the drawings, there is shown a schematic structural diagram according to an embodiment of the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity. The shapes of various regions, layers, and relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, as actually required.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of the present invention comprises a controller 5, a laser source 1, a beam shaping module 2, a beam transmission module 3 and a handheld output end module 4 connected together; wherein the laser source 1 is a 6.45 μm laser source for generating a 6.45 μm laser; the beam shaping module 2 is used for shaping 6.45 μm laser generated by the laser source 1; the light beam transmission module 3 is used for transmitting the 6.45 μm laser beam shaped by the light beam shaping module 2; the handheld output end module 4 is used for outputting the 6.45 μm laser transmitted by the light beam transmission module 3; the controller 5 is used to control the laser source 1.

In the above embodiment, to ensure efficient output of 6.45 μm laser, the beam transmission module 3 is preferably a light guide arm or an optical fiber. In order to ensure that the ultra-low collateral damage treatment effect is realized by using 6.45-micrometer laser surgery, the handheld output end module 4 is preferably a puncture needle or a laser pen-knife.

When the ultralow collateral damage laser scalpel of the embodiment is applied, the laser source 1 generates 6.45 μm laser (namely, laser with the wavelength of 6.45 μm), the 6.45 μm laser is shaped by the beam shaping module 2, injected into the beam transmission module 3 after being shaped, transmitted to the handheld output end module 4 through the beam transmission module 3 and then output by the handheld output end module 4; therefore, the high-efficiency output of 6.45-micrometer laser is realized, and the focus removal is realized based on the laser ablation principle; wherein, adjust the working parameter of laser source 1 through controller 5 to adjust 6.45 mu m laser output parameter, and then make the laser parameter of being output by handheld output module 4 according to concrete patient's health and the focus condition of suffering from acts on different biological tissue with the 6.45 mu m laser of different power and carries out relevant operation, so that therapeutic effect obtains guaranteeing, realizes ultralow collateral damage.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the basic structure is configured as in the above embodiments, wherein, to ensure high-efficiency, stable and reliable output of the 6.45 μm laser, preferably, the laser source 1 includes at least three groups of laser resonators, at least one group of the laser resonators in each group of the laser resonators has a nonlinear optical medium therein, and at least two groups of the laser resonators share one group of polarizers and one group of laser gain structures. The specific application is the same as the above embodiment, wherein each group of laser resonant cavities sharing the polarizer and the laser gain structure generates fundamental frequency laser resonance, the fundamental frequency laser is used for pumping the nonlinear optical medium, and the laser resonant cavity provided with the nonlinear optical medium performs 6.45 μm laser resonance and outputs 6.45 μm laser.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure high-efficiency output of 6.45 μm laser, in the laser source 1, the laser resonator provided with the nonlinear optical medium is preferably disposed inside or outside the laser resonator generating fundamental frequency laser resonance, so as to ensure that 6.45 μm laser is obtained by means of external cavity optical parameters or intra cavity optical parameters.

In the above embodiment, preferably, among the groups of laser resonators of the laser source 1, at least two groups of laser resonators are 2.1 μm laser resonators, and at least one group of laser resonators is 6.45 μm laser resonator, so as to further ensure high-efficiency output of 6.45 μm laser; more preferably, the two sets of resonant cavities for 2.1 μm laser share one set of polarizer and one set of laser gain structure, the resonant cavity for 6.45 μm laser is provided with a nonlinear optical medium therein, and the resonant cavity for 6.45 μm laser is associated with one of the two sets of resonant cavities for 2.1 μm laser.

In the above embodiment, in order to obtain high power and highly efficient and stable 6.45 μm laser output, preferably, in the laser source 1, the laser gain structure includes a laser gain medium, and the laser gain medium is preferably composed of a Tm: YAG crystal material; the nonlinear optical medium is preferably of a mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal structure, and preferably made of a ZGP crystal material, namely, the ZGP crystal is preferably adopted as the mid-infrared frequency conversion crystal; the polarizing plate is preferably a 45-degree polarizing plate or a 55.6-degree polarizing plate; therefore, the high-power polarization resonance of 2.1 mu m laser is realized by precisely controlling the gain and the loss of the laser gain medium made of Tm: YAG crystal material, and the nonlinear optical medium made of the intermediate infrared frequency conversion crystal is pumped by the 2.1 mu m laser so as to output 6.45 mu m laser, wherein the nonlinear optical medium made of ZGP crystal material is preferably pumped to generate 6.45 mu m laser.

In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to achieve a more compact output of 6.45 μm laser and reduce the complexity of the laser scalpel system, preferably, the laser source 1 includes three groups of laser resonant cavities, namely a first laser resonant cavity, a second laser resonant cavity and a third laser resonant cavity; the third laser resonant cavity is arranged in the first laser resonant cavity and shares an output end mirror with the first laser resonant cavity; a first nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the third laser resonant cavity; the first laser resonant cavity and the second laser resonant cavity share a first polarizer and a first laser gain structure. The specific application is basically the same as the above embodiment, wherein fundamental laser resonance is generated by the first laser resonant cavity and the second laser resonant cavity, the first nonlinear optical medium is laser-pumped by the fundamental laser, and 6.45 μm laser resonance is performed by the third laser resonant cavity and 6.45 μm laser is output; specifically, in the first laser resonator and the second laser resonator, fundamental laser light is generated by the shared first laser gain structure, first reflected light (i.e., first S-polarized laser light) and first transmitted light (i.e., first P-polarized laser light) are generated by the shared first polarizer, the first nonlinear optical medium is pumped by the first S-polarized laser light or the first P-polarized laser light, and finally 6.45 μm laser light is output through the third laser resonator where the first nonlinear optical medium is located. Therefore, through the arrangement of the laser source with a more compact structure, the 6.45-micrometer laser output is realized in a mode of intracavity optical parameters, so that the laser scalpel system is more miniaturized, and the related operation is simpler and more convenient.

In the above embodiment, to ensure that the 6.45 μm laser light is more efficiently output in a compact structure, when the first nonlinear optical medium is pumped by the first S-polarized laser light, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the first laser resonator includes a first high-reflection mirror 10101, a first laser gain structure 10102, a first polarizing plate 10103, a first input mirror 10104, a first nonlinear optical medium 10105, and a first a output mirror 10106, which are sequentially arranged, the second laser resonator includes a first high-reflection mirror 10101, a first laser gain structure 10102, a first polarizing plate 10103, and a first B output mirror 10107, which are sequentially arranged, and the third laser resonator includes a first input mirror 10104, a first nonlinear optical medium 10105, and a first a output mirror 10106, which are sequentially arranged; when the first nonlinear optical medium 10105 is pumped by the first P-polarized laser light, preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the second laser resonator includes a first high-reflection mirror 10101, a first laser gain structure 10102, a first polarizer 10103, a first input mirror 10104, a first nonlinear optical medium 10105, and a first a output mirror 10106, which are sequentially disposed, the first laser resonator includes a first high-reflection mirror 10101, a first laser gain structure 10102, a first polarizer 10103, and a first B output mirror 10107, which are sequentially disposed, and the third laser resonator includes a first input mirror 10104, a first nonlinear optical medium 10105, and a first a output mirror 10106, which are sequentially disposed. In a specific application, the first high-reflection mirror 10101 highly reflects laser light which is in contact with the first high-reflection mirror, the first input mirror 10104 highly transmits fundamental laser light which is in contact with the first input mirror 10101 and highly reflects laser light of 6.45 μm which is in contact with the first input mirror 10104, and the laser light which is transmitted through the first input mirror 10104 is input into the first nonlinear optical medium 10105 and provides pump light for the first nonlinear optical medium 10105; the first nonlinear optical medium 10105 is pumped by pump light to generate 6.45 mu m laser; the first A output mirror 10106 and the first B output mirror 10107 reflect and partially transmit the laser light contacted by the first A output mirror 10106 and the first B output mirror 10107; thus, a resonance for fundamental laser light by the first laser resonator and the second laser resonator, a resonance for 6.45 μm laser light by the third laser resonator, and an output of 6.45 μm laser light by the first a output mirror 10106 are formed. In order to ensure that the 6.45 μm laser is efficiently and highly power output in a compact structure, preferably, the first high reflection mirror 10101, the first a output mirror 10106, the first B output mirror 10107 and the first input mirror 10104 are all provided with coatings for fundamental laser, and the first a output mirror 10106 and the first input mirror 10104 are all provided with coatings for 6.45 μm laser; more preferably, the first high reflection mirror 10101 is plated with a film having a high reflectivity for fundamental laser light, the first a output mirror 10106 is plated with a film having a high reflectivity for fundamental laser light and a preset transmittance for 6.45 μm laser light, the first B output mirror 10107 is plated with a film having a preset transmittance for fundamental laser light, and the first input mirror 10104 is plated with a film having a high reflectivity for 6.45 μm laser light and a high transmittance for fundamental laser light; preferably, the reflectivity of the first high reflection mirror 10101 to fundamental laser light is greater than 98%; the reflectivity of the first A output mirror 10106 for fundamental laser is more than 98%, and the transmittance for 6.45 μm laser is 5% -70%; the transmittance of the first B output mirror 10107 for fundamental laser is 0.5% -10%; the reflectivity of the first input mirror 10104 to the 6.45 μm laser light is more than 98%, and the transmittance to the fundamental laser light is more than 95%.

In the above embodiment, in order to obtain high-efficiency 6.45 μm laser output, the fundamental laser is preferably 2 μm band laser, and the 2 μm band is 2 μm to 2.1 μm wavelength laser, preferably 2.1 μm laser; thus, the first laser resonator and the second laser resonator are preferably 2.1 μm laser resonators, and the third laser resonator is a 6.45 μm laser resonator; in specific application, 2.1 μm laser is used as fundamental laser to perform high-power polarization resonance in the first laser resonant cavity and the second laser resonant cavity, the 2.1 μm laser is used for pumping the first nonlinear optical medium 10105, and 6.45 μm laser resonance is performed in the third laser resonant cavity, so that 6.45 μm laser output is realized.

In the above-described embodiment, in order to secure the output effect of the 6.45 μm laser, preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first laser gain structure 10102 includes a first pump source 1010201, a first laser gain medium 1010202 and a first heat sink 1010203, the first laser gain medium 1010202 is embedded in the first heat sink 1010203, and the first pump source 1010201 is disposed at a side portion (as shown in fig. 4) or an end portion (as shown in fig. 5) of the first laser gain medium 1010202; therefore, the controller 5 controls the power supply of the first pump source 1010201, so that the first pump source 1010201 pumps the first laser gain medium 1010202 according to specific working condition requirements, and the first laser gain medium 1010202 generates fundamental laser light, and meanwhile, the first heat dissipation device 1010203 keeps the temperature balance of the first laser gain medium 1010202, so as to ensure that the first laser gain medium 1010202 stably generates fundamental laser light. More preferably, the first laser gain medium 1010202 is defined by Tm: YAG crystal material, the first pump source 1010201 is preferably a Laser Diode (LD) with wavelength of 780 nm-790 nm, to ensure the first laser gain medium 1010202 to generate 2 μm laser, especially 2.1 μm laser with high efficiency output. Preferably, the first nonlinear optical medium 10105 is comprised of ZGP crystalline material; the polarizing plate is preferably a 45-degree polarizing plate or a 55.6-degree polarizing plate, and the 45-degree polarizing plate is preferred; therefore, the high-power polarization resonance of 2.1 mu m laser is realized by precisely controlling the gain and loss of the first laser gain medium 1010202 made of Tm: YAG crystal material, and the first nonlinear optical medium 10105 made of ZGP crystal is pumped by the 2.1 mu m laser, so that 6.45 mu m laser is efficiently generated and is output with high power, and compared with the prior art, the total electro-optic efficiency can be improved by more than 4 times.

In other embodiments of the present invention, in order to achieve more efficient output of high-power 6.45 μm laser light, preferably, the laser source 1 includes three groups of laser resonators, namely a fourth laser resonator, a fifth laser resonator and a sixth laser resonator; the sixth laser resonant cavity is arranged on an output light path of the fourth laser resonant cavity or an output light path of the fifth laser resonant cavity; a second nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the sixth laser resonant cavity; and the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity share a second polaroid and a second laser gain structure. The specific application is basically the same as that in the above embodiment, wherein fundamental laser resonance is generated by the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity, the fundamental laser is used to pump the second nonlinear optical medium, and 6.45 μm laser resonance is performed by the sixth laser resonant cavity and 6.45 μm laser is output; specifically, in the fourth laser resonator and the fifth laser resonator, fundamental laser light is generated by the shared second laser gain structure, second reflected light (i.e., second S-polarized laser light) and second transmitted light (i.e., second P-polarized laser light) are generated by the shared second polarizer, the second nonlinear optical medium is pumped by the second S-polarized laser light or the second P-polarized laser light, and finally, 6.45 μm laser light is output through the sixth laser resonator where the second nonlinear optical medium is located. Therefore, 6.45-micrometer laser output is realized in an extraluminal optical parameter mode, so that the laser scalpel system is more efficient and ensures high power, related operation is more efficient, ultralow collateral damage is further ensured, and the medical effect is improved.

In the above embodiments, to ensure more efficient output of 6.45 μm laser light, preferably, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the fourth laser resonator includes a second high-reflection mirror 10201, a second laser gain structure 10202, a second polarizing plate 10203 and a second a output mirror 10206, which are sequentially arranged, the fifth laser resonator includes a second high-reflection mirror 10201, a second laser gain structure 10202, a second polarizing plate 10203 and a second B output mirror 10207, which are sequentially arranged, and the sixth laser resonator includes a second input mirror 10204, a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 and a second C output mirror 10208, which are sequentially arranged; when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second S-polarized laser light, as shown in fig. 6, the sixth laser resonator is disposed on an output optical path of the fourth laser resonator; when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second P-polarized laser light, as shown in fig. 7, the sixth laser resonator is disposed on the output optical path of the fifth laser resonator. In specific application, the second high-reflection mirror 10201 reflects the laser light contacted with it, the second input mirror 10204 transmits the fundamental laser light contacted with it and reflects the 6.45 μm laser light contacted with it, wherein the laser light transmitted by the second input mirror 10204 is input to the second nonlinear optical medium 10205 and provides pump light for it; the second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by pump light to generate 6.45 μm laser; the second a output mirror 10206 and the second B output mirror 10207 reflect and partially transmit the laser light contacted by the second a output mirror 10206 and the second B output mirror 10207; thus, a resonance to fundamental laser light by the fourth laser resonator and the fifth laser resonator, a resonance to 6.45 μm laser light by the sixth laser resonator, and an output of 6.45 μm laser light by the second C output mirror 10208 are formed.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure that the 6.45 μm laser light is efficiently output through the second C output mirror 10208, it is preferable that a beam shaping element 10209 is disposed outside the second input mirror 10204, and the fundamental laser light before entering the second input mirror 10204 is shaped by the beam shaping element 10209; specifically, as shown in fig. 8, when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second S-polarized laser light, the beam shaping element 10209 is disposed between the sixth laser resonator and the fourth laser resonator, and preferably, the beam shaping element 10209 is disposed between a second a output mirror 10206 and a second input mirror 10204; as shown in fig. 9, when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second P-polarized laser light, the beam shaping element 10209 is disposed between the sixth laser resonator and the fifth laser resonator, and preferably, the beam shaping element 10209 is disposed between a second B output mirror 10207 and a second input mirror 10204. Preferably, an isolating element 10210 is disposed between the beam shaping element 10209 and the sixth laser resonator, and preferably, the isolating element 10210 is disposed between the beam shaping element 10209 and the second input mirror 10204, so that the laser is prevented from returning to the laser resonator of the fundamental laser by the isolating element 10210, thereby providing a guarantee for high-efficiency and high-power 6.45 μm laser; specifically, as shown in fig. 10, when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second S-polarized laser light, the laser light is prevented from returning into the fourth laser resonator by a separation element 10210; when a second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second P-polarized laser light as shown in fig. 11, the laser light is prevented from returning into the fifth laser resonator by a spacer element 10210.

In the above embodiment, in order to make the efficiency and power of the second C output mirror 10208 outputting 6.45 μm laser light better adapted to the relevant surgery, the number of the second laser gain structures 10202 can be two or more, and the second laser gain structures 10202 of each group are preferably arranged in sequence along the optical path perpendicular to the second high reflection mirror 10201; the beam shaping elements 10209 can be two or more sets, and the beam shaping elements 10209 of each set are preferably arranged in sequence along an optical path perpendicular to the second input mirror 10204.

In the above embodiment, in order to improve the power and efficiency of outputting the 6.45 μm laser light through the second C output mirror 10208, it is preferable that a coating film for the fundamental laser light is provided on each of the second high reflection mirror 10201, the second a output mirror 10206, the second B output mirror 10207 and the second input mirror 10204, and a coating film for the 6.45 μm laser light is provided on each of the second C output mirror 10208 and the second input mirror 10204; more preferably, the second high reflection mirror 10201 is plated with a film having a high reflectivity for the fundamental laser light, and the second a output mirror 10206 is plated with a film having a preset transmittance for the fundamental laser light; the second B output mirror 10207 is coated with a film having a predetermined transmittance for the fundamental laser light; the second input mirror 10204 is coated with a film having a high reflectivity for 6.45 μm laser light and a high transmittance for fundamental laser light, and the second C output mirror 10208 is coated with a film having a predetermined transmittance for 6.45 μm laser light and a high reflectivity for fundamental laser light; preferably, the reflectivity of the second high-reflection mirror 10201 for the fundamental laser is greater than 99.8%, the reflectivity of the second input mirror 10204 for the 6.45 μm laser is greater than 98%, the transmittance for the fundamental laser is greater than 98%, the reflectivity of the second C output mirror 10208 for the fundamental laser is greater than 98%, and the predetermined transmittance for the 6.45 μm laser is 5% to 70%; preferably, when the second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is pumped by the second S-polarized laser, the high transmittance of the second a output mirror 10206 for the fundamental laser is greater than 99.8%, the predetermined transmittance for the fundamental laser is 4% to 20%, and the predetermined transmittance of the second B output mirror 10207 for the fundamental laser is 0.5% to 10%; when the second P-polarized laser is used to pump the second nonlinear optical medium 10205, the high transmittance of the second a output mirror 10206 for the fundamental laser is greater than 99.8%, the preset transmittance for the fundamental laser is 0.5% -10%, and the preset transmittance of the second B output mirror 10207 for the fundamental laser is 4% -20%.

In the above embodiment, in order to obtain a 6.45 μm laser with high efficiency and high power output, the fundamental laser is preferably a 2 μm band laser, and the 2 μm band is a 2 μm to 2.1 μm wavelength laser, preferably a 2.1 μm laser; therefore, the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity are preferably 2.1 μm laser resonant cavities, and the sixth laser resonant cavity is a 6.45 μm laser resonant cavity; in specific application, 2.1 μm laser is used as fundamental laser to perform high-power polarization resonance in the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity, and the 2.1 μm laser is used to pump the second nonlinear optical medium 10205, so that 6.45 μm laser resonance is performed in the sixth laser resonant cavity, and further 6.45 μm laser output is realized.

In the above embodiment, in order to ensure the high efficiency and high power output effect of the 6.45 μm laser, preferably, as shown in fig. 12 and 13, the second laser gain structure 10202 includes a second pump source 1020201, a second laser gain medium 1020202 and a second heat sink 1020203, the second laser gain medium 1020202 is embedded in the second heat sink 1020203, and the second pump source 1020201 is disposed at the side (as shown in fig. 12) or the end (as shown in fig. 13) of the second laser gain medium 1020202; therefore, the controller 5 controls the power supply of the second pump source 1020201, so that the second pump source 1020201 pumps the second laser gain medium 1020202 according to specific working condition requirements, and the second laser gain medium 1020202 generates fundamental laser light, and meanwhile, the second heat dissipation device 1020203 keeps the temperature balance of the second laser gain medium 1020202, so as to ensure that the second laser gain medium 1020202 stably generates fundamental laser light.

In the above embodiment, in order to adapt the laser scalpel to surgery under different conditions of different biological tissues and obtain good medical effects of ultra-low collateral damage, when the number of the second laser gain structures 10202 is two or more, it is preferable that the second laser gain media 1020202 in each group of the second laser gain structures 10202 are sequentially disposed in an end-to-end manner, and the second pump source 1020201 in each group of the second laser gain structures 10202 is disposed at a side portion of the second laser gain media 1020202.

In the above embodiment, more preferably, the second laser gain medium 1020202 is formed of Tm: the second pump source 1020201 is preferably a Laser Diode (LD) with a wavelength of 780nm to 790nm, so as to ensure that the second laser gain medium 1020202 can generate high-efficiency output of 2 μm-band laser, especially 2.1 μm laser. Preferably, the second nonlinear optical medium 10205 is composed of ZGP crystalline material; the polarizing plate is preferably a 45-degree polarizing plate or a 55.6-degree polarizing plate, and the 45-degree polarizing plate is preferred; therefore, the second laser gain medium 1020202 made of Tm: YAG crystal material is favorably subjected to gain and loss precise control, high-power polarization resonance of 2.1 mu m laser is realized, and the 2.1 mu m laser is used for pumping the second nonlinear optical medium 10205 made of ZGP crystal, so that 6.45 mu m is output with high efficiency and high power, and the total electro-optic efficiency can be improved by more than 4 times compared with the prior art.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The laser scalpel with the ultra-low collateral damage is characterized by comprising a controller, a laser source, a light beam shaping module, a light beam transmission module and a handheld output end module which are connected; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the laser source is a 6.45-micrometer laser source and is used for generating 6.45-micrometer laser;

the beam shaping module is used for shaping 6.45 mu m laser generated by the laser source;

the light beam transmission module is used for transmitting the 6.45 mu m laser which is shaped by the light beam shaping module;

the handheld output end module is used for outputting the 6.45 mu m laser transmitted by the light beam transmission module;

the controller is used for controlling the laser source.

2. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 1, wherein the beam delivery module is a light guide arm or an optical fiber.

3. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 1, wherein the handheld output module is a puncture needle or a laser pencil sharpener.

4. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laser source comprises at least three sets of laser resonators;

in each of the sets of laser resonator cavities,

at least one group of laser resonant cavities is provided with a nonlinear optical medium,

at least two groups of laser resonant cavities share one group of polaroids and one group of laser gain structures.

5. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein the laser gain structure comprises a laser gain medium composed of a Tm: YAG crystalline material.

6. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein the nonlinear optical medium is comprised of a ZGP crystalline material.

7. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein at least two of the laser resonators in each set of laser resonators are 2.1 μm laser resonators and at least one of the laser resonators is 6.45 μm laser resonator.

8. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein the polarizer is a 45 degree polarizer or a 55.6 degree polarizer.

9. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein the laser source comprises three groups of laser resonators, a first laser resonator, a second laser resonator, and a third laser resonator; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the third laser resonant cavity is arranged in the first laser resonant cavity and shares an output end mirror with the first laser resonant cavity;

a first nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the third laser resonant cavity;

the first laser resonant cavity and the second laser resonant cavity share a first polarizer and a first laser gain structure.

10. The ultra-low collateral damage laser scalpel of claim 4, wherein the laser source comprises three groups of laser resonators, a fourth laser resonator, a fifth laser resonator, and a sixth laser resonator; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the sixth laser resonant cavity is arranged on an output light path of the fourth laser resonant cavity or an output light path of the fifth laser resonant cavity;

a second nonlinear optical medium is arranged in the sixth laser resonant cavity;

and the fourth laser resonant cavity and the fifth laser resonant cavity share a second polaroid and a second laser gain structure.