CN113346224B - Radiation unit, antenna receiving assembly, frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna and radar - Google Patents
Radiation unit, antenna receiving assembly, frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna and radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN113346224B CN113346224B CN202110586734.2A CN202110586734A CN113346224B CN 113346224 B CN113346224 B CN 113346224B CN 202110586734 A CN202110586734 A CN 202110586734A CN 113346224 B CN113346224 B CN 113346224B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radiation unit, an antenna receiving assembly, a frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna and a radar, wherein the radiation unit comprises a wave-absorbing load block and a straight metal plate, the metal plate is vertically arranged along the front and back direction, a wavy snake-shaped cavity is arranged in the metal plate along the front and back direction, the front end of the snake-shaped cavity penetrates through the front end of the metal plate, the wave-absorbing load block is arranged in the snake-shaped cavity and is positioned at the back end of the snake-shaped cavity, and a radiation slot penetrating through the upper end of the metal plate is arranged at each wave crest of the snake-shaped cavity along the left and right direction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of antennas, and particularly relates to a radiating unit, an antenna receiving assembly, a frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna and a radar.
Background
The frequency scanning antenna belongs to a special form of a phased array, and controls the phase distribution of a feed structure by changing frequency, so that the feed phase among antenna radiation units is changed, and finally, the one-dimensional scanning of antenna beams is realized. When the frequency-scanning antenna is combined with the phase-scanning technology, the lobe direction can be quickly switched in the whole space, but the conventional waveguide frequency-scanning antenna slotting mode is to open a waveguide narrow-edge oblique slot or a narrow-edge longitudinal slot and the like on a waveguide serpentine line, and because the waveguide narrow-edge slotting surface on the waveguide serpentine line has larger size or is limited by the slotting radiation mechanism, the frequency-scanning antenna can only be electrically swept in one-dimensional direction and is not suitable for being combined with the phase-scanning technology to realize the quick switching of space beams.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a radiation unit that has a simple structure and is easy to process, and can realize a large beam deflection in one-dimensional direction with a small relative frequency offset.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a radiation unit, includes the metal sheet of absorbing load piece and straight bar shape, the metal sheet is equipped with corrugated snake-shaped chamber along the fore-and-aft direction in it along the vertical setting of fore-and-aft direction, the front end in snake-shaped chamber runs through the front end of metal sheet, it installs to absorb the load piece snake-shaped intracavity, and is located the rear end in snake-shaped chamber, every crest department in snake-shaped chamber all is equipped with along the left right direction and runs through the radiation gap of metal sheet upper end.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the radiation gaps penetrate through the upper end of the strip-shaped plate along the left-right direction at the positions, corresponding to wave crests of the snake-shaped cavity, of the upper end of the metal plate, so that the radiation gaps are distributed on the radiation unit along the left-right direction and are perpendicular to long sides of the radiation unit, namely the radiation gaps with waveguide wide sides are formed in the rectangular waveguide snake-shaped line structure, the waveguide wide side slots are utilized to disturb current in the snake-shaped cavity to form a radiation field and a waveguide slow wave line to realize frequency scanning, large wave beam deflection in one-dimensional direction of the radiation unit can be realized under small relative frequency deviation, radar system frequency resources can be effectively used for wave beam scanning coverage, a wave absorbing load block is arranged in the snake-shaped cavity to integrate a waveguide load with the snake-shaped cavity, the waveguide connection end face is reduced, waveguide feeder discontinuity is avoided, and the overall structure size of the radiation unit can be compressed.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme the metal sheet includes the bar shaped plate of two straight bars, two the bar shaped plate is the metalwork, two the vertical setting of fore-and-aft direction is all followed to the bar shaped plate to along controlling the direction distribution, two one side that is close to each other of bar shaped plate all is concavely equipped with the snake-shaped groove that distributes along the fore-and-aft direction, the both ends in snake-shaped groove extend to and are close to both ends around the bar shaped plate, the front end in snake-shaped groove runs through the front end of bar shaped plate, every crest department in snake-shaped groove all is equipped with along controlling the direction and runs through the bar seam of bar shaped plate upper end, and two one side that the bar shaped plate is close to each other is laminated and is connected fixedly, and two the common enclosure of snake-shaped groove on the bar shaped plate forms the snake-shaped chamber, and two bar seams of mutual alignment on the bar shaped plate constitute one jointly the radiation gap.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, and meanwhile, the thickness of the strip plate can be as thin as possible under the condition that the strength is not influenced, so that the volume of the radiation unit can be reduced.
In the technical scheme, the wave-absorbing load block is a graphite component or a wave-absorbing powder component.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the wave absorbing capacity is good, and the high temperature resistance and the adaptability are strong.
In the technical scheme, the wave-absorbing load block is a triangular block, the cross section of the wave-absorbing load block is a right-angled triangle, the wave-absorbing load block is vertically installed at the rear end of the snake-shaped cavity, the inclined surface of the wave-absorbing load block faces upwards, and the lower end of the wave-absorbing load block is fixedly bonded with the two strip-shaped plates.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: this improves the standing wave matching within the serpentine cavity.
The second objective of the present invention is to provide an array antenna assembly with a simple structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an antenna receiving assembly comprises a mounting piece, a feed coupling waveguide, a waveguide coaxial converter, a coupling waveguide load and a plurality of radiating elements, wherein the mounting piece and the feed coupling waveguide are both straight strips and are horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the feed coupling waveguide is positioned in front of the mounting piece, the radiating elements are vertically arranged between the mounting piece and the feed coupling waveguide along the front-back direction, the radiating elements are distributed between the mounting piece and the feed coupling waveguide along the left-right direction at intervals, the rear end of the feed coupling waveguide is forwards concavely provided with a plurality of feed cavities distributed along the left-right direction at intervals, the feed cavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the radiating elements, the front end and the rear end of each metal plate are respectively connected and fixed with the feed coupling waveguide and the mounting piece, and the opening of each snake-shaped cavity of the radiating element is communicated with the corresponding feed cavity, the feed coupling waveguide is provided with an input port and an output port, the waveguide coaxial converter and the coupling waveguide load are both arranged on the feed coupling waveguide, the waveguide coaxial converter is connected with the input port of the feed coupling waveguide, and the coupling waveguide load is connected with the output port of the feed coupling waveguide.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the array antenna receiving assembly is formed by mutually connecting a plurality of radiating units and the feed coupling waveguide, the wave beam scanning in the other dimension direction of the antenna is realized by carrying out amplitude-phase weighted feed by utilizing a plurality of feed ports (namely, openings at the front ends of the radiating units), the amplitude-phase monitoring of the signal received and transmitted by each radiating unit is ingeniously realized by utilizing the feed cavity and the coupling cavity integrated in the feed coupling waveguide and the coupling hole between the feed cavity and the coupling cavity, so that each feed channel has an internal calibration network, the use requirement that the digital array antenna has the array surface microwave internal calibration function is met, meanwhile, all parts of the antenna receiving assembly are completed by machining, the whole structure is compact, stable, simple, low in cost and maintenance-free, and the antenna is ensured to work reliably under the vehicle-mounted environment.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme the installed part is the mounting panel of the vertical setting of left right direction in edge.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the structure is simple, and the installation stability is good.
In the above technical solution, the feed coupling waveguide includes an upper plate, a middle plate and a lower plate, which are horizontally arranged along a left-right direction and sequentially stacked along a top-down direction, the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are all metal plates, left and right sides and rear ends of the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are flush with each other, a front end of the lower plate protrudes out of a front end of the middle plate, the front end of the middle plate protrudes out of a front end of the upper plate, a plurality of groove chambers penetrating through a rear end of the middle plate are concavely arranged at a rear portion of a lower end of the middle plate along the left-right direction at intervals, a lower opening of each groove chamber is blocked by the lower plate, and each groove chamber is enclosed to form the feed cavity, a strip-shaped groove is concavely arranged at a position right below the upper plate along the left-right direction, the plurality of feed cavities are positioned right below the strip-shaped groove, and a right end of the strip-shaped groove penetrates through the middle plate, the left end of the feed coupling cavity is bent backwards to the rear end penetrating through the middle plate, the upper plate cover is arranged at the upper end of the strip-shaped groove and encloses the strip-shaped groove to form a coupling cavity, a plurality of coupling holes communicated with the strip-shaped groove are formed in the upper end of each groove chamber, an opening at the right end of the coupling cavity forms an input port of the feed coupling waveguide, and an opening at the rear end of the coupling cavity forms an output port of the feed coupling waveguide.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the structure is simple, the space structure is more compact, and the processing is convenient.
In the technical scheme, the upper plate, the middle plate and the lower plate are welded and integrally formed.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: thus, the stability is good.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna capable of transmitting and receiving signals.
In order to achieve the above object, another technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna comprises an antenna back plate, a transmitting device and the antenna receiving assembly, wherein the antenna back plate is horizontally arranged, the transmitting device and the antenna receiving assembly are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the antenna back plate, and the transmitting device is positioned at the left side of the antenna receiving assembly.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: therefore, the frequency-phase electric scanning slot array antenna can adopt a one-transmitting and multi-receiving mode, the transmitting device and the antenna receiving assembly are both arranged on the same antenna back plate, when the transmitting device works, the transmitting device realizes the wide beam coverage of electromagnetic waves in space, when the antenna receiving assembly works, the plurality of radiating units are arranged in one dimension, and the feeding phases of different radiating units are controlled to realize the narrow beam receiving of the antenna receiving assembly in different scanning directions.
It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide a radar including the frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna described above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the structure of a strip according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a radiation unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a radiation unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified schematic diagram of an antenna receiving assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a feed coupled waveguide according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view of the upper end of the middle plate in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an elevation view of the middle plate according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency-phase electric-swept slot array antenna according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a frequency-scanning simulation pattern of an array antenna with different frequency points of a frequency-phase electrically-scanned slot array antenna according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a simulation directional diagram of phase scanning of the center frequency point of the frequency-phase electrically-scanned slot array antenna in accordance with embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a simulation curve of the voltage standing wave ratio of the radiating element in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 antenna receiving assembly, 11 radiation unit, 111 wave-absorbing load block, 112 strip-shaped plate, 1121 snake-shaped groove, 1122 strip-shaped slot, 1123 counter bore, 1124 screw hole, 1131 connector, 12 mounting piece, 13 feed electric coupling waveguide, 131 upper plate, 132 middle plate, 1321 slot chamber, 1322 strip-shaped groove, 1323 coupling hole, 133 lower plate, 14 waveguide coaxial converter, 15 coupling waveguide load, 2 antenna back plate and 3 transmitting device.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, this embodiment provides a radiation unit, which includes a wave-absorbing load block 111 and a straight metal plate, where the metal plate is vertically disposed along a front-back direction, a wavy snake-shaped cavity is disposed along the front-back direction in the metal plate, a front end of the snake-shaped cavity penetrates through a front end of the metal plate, the wave-absorbing load block 111 is mounted in the snake-shaped cavity and located at a rear end of the snake-shaped cavity, and a radiation gap penetrating through an upper end of the metal plate is disposed at each peak of the snake-shaped cavity along a left-right direction.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are that: the radiation gaps penetrate through the upper end of the strip-shaped plate along the left-right direction at the positions, corresponding to wave crests of the snake-shaped cavity, of the upper end of the metal plate, so that the radiation gaps are distributed on the radiation unit along the left-right direction and are perpendicular to long sides of the radiation unit, namely the radiation gaps with waveguide wide sides are formed in the rectangular waveguide snake-shaped line structure, the waveguide wide side slots are utilized to disturb current in the snake-shaped cavity to form a radiation field and a waveguide slow wave line to realize frequency scanning, large wave beam deflection in one-dimensional direction of the radiation unit can be realized under small relative frequency deviation, radar system frequency resources can be effectively used for wave beam scanning coverage, a wave absorbing load block is arranged in the snake-shaped cavity to integrate a waveguide load with the snake-shaped cavity, the waveguide connection end face is reduced, waveguide feeder discontinuity is avoided, and the overall structure size of the radiation unit can be compressed.
In the above technical solution, the metal plate includes two straight strip-shaped plates, two of the strip-shaped plates 112 are metal pieces, the two strip-shaped plates 112 are vertically disposed along a front-back direction and are distributed along a left-right direction, one side of the two strip-shaped plates 112 close to each other is concavely provided with a serpentine groove 1121 distributed along the front-back direction, two ends of the serpentine groove 1121 extend to the front-back end close to the strip-shaped plates 112, the front end of the serpentine groove 1121 penetrates through the front end of the strip-shaped plates 112, each peak of the serpentine groove 1121 is provided with a strip slit 1122 penetrating through the upper end of the strip-shaped plates 112 along the left-right direction, the sides of the two strip-shaped plates 112 close to each other are attached to each other and are connected and fixed, the serpentine grooves 1121 on the two strip-shaped plates 112 together form the serpentine groove, and the two strip slits 1122 aligned with each other on the two strip-shaped plates 112 together form one radiation slit, the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, and meanwhile, the thickness of the strip plate can be as thin as possible under the condition that the strength is not influenced, so that the volume of the radiation unit can be reduced. Of course, the snake-shaped groove can be arranged on only one of the strip-shaped plates, the front end of the snake-shaped groove penetrates through the strip-shaped plate, the strip-shaped seam is arranged at the position, corresponding to each wave crest of the snake-shaped groove, of the upper end of the strip-shaped plate, the other strip-shaped plate is not provided with the snake-shaped groove and only attached to the other strip-shaped plate, and the snake-shaped groove and the radiation slit are enclosed together to form the snake-shaped cavity and the radiation slit.
Preferably, the two strip-shaped plates are attached, connected and fixed through a connector, and also welded to form a whole, wherein the connector includes a plurality of connectors 1131, the connectors 1131 are bolts or screws, a plurality of counter bores 1123 penetrating through one of the strip-shaped plates 112 in the left-right direction are defined at the edge of the one strip-shaped plate 112, the thick ends of the plurality of counter bores 1123 are all away from the other strip-shaped plate 112, a plurality of screw holes 1124 are defined at the edge of the other strip-shaped plate 112, the plurality of screw holes 1124 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of counter bores 1123, the plurality of connectors 1131 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of counter bores 1123, each connector 1131 penetrates through the corresponding counter bore 1123 and is in threaded connection with the corresponding screw hole 1124, so that the two strip-shaped plates 112 are connected and fixed, and the nut of the connector 1131 is located in the thick end corresponding to the counter bore 1123, the connector is simple in structure, and after the two strip-shaped plates are connected, the two ends of the connector do not protrude out of the strip-shaped plates, so that the radiation unit is more compact and attractive in structure.
In the technical scheme, the wave-absorbing load block 111 is a graphite component or a wave-absorbing powder component, and has the advantages of good wave-absorbing capability, high temperature resistance and strong adaptability.
In the technical scheme, the wave-absorbing load block 111 is a triangular block, the cross section of the wave-absorbing load block is a right-angled triangle, the wave-absorbing load block 111 is vertically installed at the rear end of the snake-shaped cavity, the inclined surface of the wave-absorbing load block faces upwards (preferably, the inclined surface of the wave-absorbing load block faces upwards), and the lower end of the wave-absorbing load block 111 is fixedly bonded with the two strip-shaped plates 112, so that the standing wave matching performance in the snake-shaped cavity can be improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4-8, the present embodiment provides an antenna receiving assembly, which includes a mounting member 12, a feeding coupling waveguide 13, a waveguide coaxial transformer 14, a coupling waveguide load 15, and a plurality of radiating elements 11 according to embodiment 1, where the mounting member 12 and the feeding coupling waveguide 13 are both straight-bar shaped and horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, the feeding coupling waveguide 13 is located in front of the mounting member 12, the plurality of radiating elements 11 are vertically arranged between the mounting member 12 and the feeding coupling waveguide 13 along the front-back direction, and the plurality of radiating elements 11 are arranged between the mounting member 12 and the feeding coupling waveguide 13 along the left-right direction at intervals, a plurality of feeding cavities distributed along the left-right direction at intervals are recessed forward at the rear end of the feeding coupling waveguide 13, and the plurality of feeding cavities correspond to the plurality of radiating elements 11 one-to-one, and the front and rear ends of each metal plate are respectively connected and fixed to the feeding coupling waveguide 13 and the mounting member 12, an opening of each radiation unit 11 snake-shaped cavity is communicated with the corresponding feed cavity, the feed coupling waveguide 13 is provided with an input port and an output port, the waveguide coaxial converter 14 and the coupling waveguide load 15 are both installed on the feed coupling waveguide 13, the waveguide coaxial converter is connected with the input port of the feed coupling waveguide 13, the coupling waveguide load 15 is connected with the output port of the feed coupling waveguide 13, a plurality of radiation units and the feed coupling waveguide are connected with each other to form an array antenna receiving assembly, the amplitude-phase weighted feeding is carried out by utilizing a plurality of feed ports (namely the openings at the front ends of the radiation unit snake-shaped cavities) to realize the beam scanning of the antenna in the other dimension direction, and the amplitude-phase receiving and transmitting monitoring of signals of each radiation unit is skillfully realized by utilizing the feed cavity and the coupling cavity integrated in the feed coupling waveguide and the coupling hole between the feed cavity and the coupling cavity, each feed channel is provided with an internal calibration network, the use requirement that the digital array antenna has the array surface microwave internal calibration function is met, all parts of the antenna receiving assembly are completed through machining, the whole structure is compact, stable, simple, low in cost and free of maintenance, and the antenna is guaranteed to work reliably under the vehicle-mounted environment.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme installation spare 12 is the vertical mounting panel that sets up in the left and right sides orientation, its simple structure, and installation stability is good.
In the above technical solution, the feed coupling waveguide 13 includes an upper plate 131, a middle plate 132, and a lower plate 133, which are all horizontally arranged along a left-right direction and sequentially overlapped along a top-bottom direction, and the upper plate 131, the middle plate 132, and the lower plate 133 are all metal plates, and left and right sides and rear ends of the three are all flush with each other, a front end of the lower plate 133 protrudes out of a front end of the middle plate 132, a front end of the middle plate 132 protrudes out of a front end of the upper plate 131, a plurality of slot chambers 1321 penetrating through a rear end of the middle plate 132 are concavely provided at intervals along the left-right direction at a rear portion of a lower end of the middle plate 132, a lower end opening of each slot chamber 1321 is blocked by the lower plate 133, and each slot chamber 1321 is enclosed to form the feed cavity 1322, a strip-shaped slot 1322 is concavely provided at an upper end of the middle plate 132 right below the upper plate 131 along the left-right direction, and a plurality of the feed cavities are located right below the strip-shaped slot, the right end of the strip-shaped groove 1322 penetrates through the middle plate 132, the left end of the strip-shaped groove 1322 is bent backwards to the rear end penetrating through the middle plate 132, the upper plate 131 covers the upper end of the strip-shaped groove 1322 and encloses the strip-shaped groove 1322 to form a coupling cavity, a plurality of coupling holes 1323 communicated with the strip-shaped groove 1322 are formed in the upper end of each groove chamber 1321, an opening at the right end of the coupling cavity forms an input port of the feed coupling waveguide 13, and an opening at the rear end of the coupling cavity forms an output port of the feed coupling waveguide 13.
In the above technical solution, the upper plate 131, the middle plate 132 and the lower plate 133 are welded and integrally formed, so that the stability is good.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 9, this embodiment provides a frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna, which includes an antenna backplane 2, a transmitting device 3, and an antenna receiving assembly 1 as in embodiment 2, where the antenna backplane 2 is horizontally disposed, the transmitting device 3 and the antenna receiving assembly 1 are both fixedly mounted on an upper end of the antenna backplane 2, and the transmitting device 3 is located on a left side of the antenna receiving assembly 1, so that the frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna may adopt a one-to-many mode, the transmitting device and the antenna receiving assembly are both mounted on the same antenna backplane, when the transmitting device works, the transmitting device realizes wide beam coverage of electromagnetic waves in space, when the antenna receiving assembly works, a plurality of radiation units are arranged in one dimension, and when the antenna receiving assembly works, the feeding phases of different radiation units are controlled, so that the antenna receiving assembly can receive narrow beams in different scanning directions.
The specific implementation parameters of the frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna of the embodiment are as follows: the antenna working frequency is 32GHz-33GHz, the antenna receiving assembly is provided with 24 radiation units, the size of a rectangular array formed by the 24 radiation units is 135mm in length, 180mm in width and 32mm in thickness, 22 radiation gaps are formed in the mouth surface of each single radiation unit, the 24 radiation units are vertically placed and then are arranged in a row along the horizontal direction, the distance between every two adjacent radiation units is 5.27mm, the depth of each radiation gap of each radiation unit is 2.38mm, the width of each radiation gap of each radiation unit is 2.1mm, and the distance between every two adjacent radiation gaps is 1 mm. The feed coupling waveguide is vertically arranged with the 24 radiating elements, and each feed port of the radiating element is aligned with the corresponding feed cavity of the feed coupling waveguide. The feed cavity and the coupling cavity in the feed coupling waveguide are communicated through two cross-shaped coupling holes, and the coupling degree is designed to be-40 db.
Simulation is carried out by using commercial full-wave simulation software HFSS of ANSYS company, frequency-sweep simulation patterns of different frequency-point array antennas are shown in FIG. 10 (the abscissa Degreee in FIG. 10 represents an angle, the ordinate dB represents an amplitude, scan 0 represents a scan angle of 0, scan 15 represents a scan angle of 15, scan 30 represents a scan angle of 30, and scan 45 represents a scan angle of 45), center-point phase-sweep simulation patterns are shown in FIG. 11 (the abscissa Degreee in FIG. 11 represents an angle, the ordinate dB represents an amplitude, F low refers to low frequency, F resonance center frequency, F high refers to high frequency), radiating-unit voltage standing-wave ratio curves are shown in FIG. 12 (F _ low refers to low frequency, F _ mid refers to resonance center frequency, F _ high refers to high frequency, and SWR refers to standing-wave ratio), in fig. 11 and 12, the low frequency is 32GHz, the resonance center frequency is 32.5GHz, and the high frequency is 33 GHz. From simulation results, the frequency-phase electrically-scanned slot array antenna provided by the embodiment covers +/-20% of the frequency scanning of the wave beam in the relative bandwidth of 3%, the side lobe level of the frequency scanning surface is less than-22.6 db, the frequency scanning surface of the wave beam covers +/-45%, and the voltage standing wave ratio of the radiation unit is better than 1.8 in the full frequency band.
The transmitting device in this embodiment is a prior art device, and the transmitting device also has a radiator, and the radiator can be replaced by the radiating unit as described in embodiment 1.
Example 4
This embodiment provides a radar that employs the frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna described in embodiment 3.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna receiving assembly, characterized by comprising a mounting member (12), a feed coupled waveguide (13), a waveguide coaxial transformer (14), a coupled waveguide load (15) and a plurality of radiating elements (11);
the radiation unit (11) comprises a wave-absorbing load block (111) and a straight metal plate, the metal plate is vertically arranged along the front-back direction, a wavy snake-shaped cavity is arranged in the metal plate along the front-back direction, the front end of the snake-shaped cavity penetrates through the front end of the metal plate, the wave-absorbing load block (111) is arranged in the snake-shaped cavity and is positioned at the rear end of the snake-shaped cavity, and a radiation gap penetrating through the upper end of the metal plate is formed in each wave crest of the snake-shaped cavity along the left-right direction;
the mounting piece (12) and the feed coupling waveguide (13) are straight strips and horizontally arranged along the left and right direction, the feed coupling waveguide (13) is located in front of the mounting piece (12), the radiation units (11) are vertically arranged along the front and back direction between the mounting piece (12) and the feed coupling waveguide (13), the radiation units (11) are distributed along the left and right direction at intervals between the mounting piece (12) and the feed coupling waveguide (13), a plurality of feed cavities distributed along the left and right direction at intervals are concavely arranged at the rear end of the feed coupling waveguide (13) forwards, the feed cavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the radiation units (11), the front and back ends of each metal plate are respectively connected and fixed with the feed waveguide (13) and the mounting piece (12), and the opening of the snake-shaped cavity of each radiation unit (11) is communicated with the corresponding feed cavity, the feed coupling waveguide (13) is provided with an input port and an output port, the waveguide coaxial converter (14) and the coupling waveguide load (15) are both arranged on the feed coupling waveguide (13), the waveguide coaxial converter is connected with the input port of the feed coupling waveguide (13), and the coupling waveguide load (15) is connected with the output port of the feed coupling waveguide (13);
the feed coupling waveguide (13) comprises an upper plate (131), a middle plate (132) and a lower plate (133) which are horizontally arranged along the left-right direction and sequentially overlapped along the up-down direction, the upper plate (131), the middle plate (132) and the lower plate (133) are all metal plates, the left side and the right side of the upper plate (131), the rear end of the middle plate (132) and the rear end of the lower plate (133) are flush with each other, the front end of the lower plate (133) protrudes out of the front end of the middle plate (132), a plurality of groove chambers (1) penetrating through the rear end of the middle plate (132) are arranged at the rear part of the lower end of the middle plate (132) at intervals along the left-right direction, the lower end openings of the groove chambers (1321) are blocked by the lower plate (133), each groove chamber (1321) is enclosed to form one feed cavity, a groove (1322) is arranged at the upper end of the middle plate (132) under the upper plate (131) in a concave mode along the left-right direction, the feed cavities are located under the strip-shaped groove (1322), the right end of the strip-shaped groove (1322) penetrates through the middle plate (132), the left end of the strip-shaped groove (1322) is bent backwards to the rear end penetrating through the middle plate (132), the upper plate (131) covers the upper end of the strip-shaped groove (1322) and surrounds the strip-shaped groove (1322) to form a coupling cavity, a plurality of coupling holes (1323) communicated with the strip-shaped groove (1322) are formed in the upper end of each groove chamber (1321), an opening in the right end of the coupling cavity forms an input port of the feed coupling waveguide (13), and an opening in the rear end of the coupling cavity forms an output port of the feed coupling waveguide (13).
2. The antenna receiving assembly according to claim 1, wherein the metal plate comprises two straight strip-shaped plates (112), the two strip-shaped plates (112) are made of metal, the two strip-shaped plates (112) are vertically arranged along a front-back direction and are distributed along a left-right direction, one side of each of the two strip-shaped plates (112) close to each other is concavely provided with a snake-shaped groove (1121) distributed along the front-back direction, two ends of each snake-shaped groove (1121) extend to the front-back ends close to the strip-shaped plate (112), the front end of each snake-shaped groove (1121) penetrates through the front end of the strip-shaped plate (112), each peak of each snake-shaped groove (1121) is provided with a strip-shaped slit (1122) penetrating through the upper end of the strip-shaped plate (112) along the left-right direction, the sides of the two strip-shaped plates (112) close to each other are attached to each other and fixed, and the snake-shaped grooves (1121) on the two strip-shaped plates (112) together form the snake-shaped cavity, and two strip slits (1122) aligned with each other on the two strip plates (112) jointly form one radiation slit.
3. The antenna receiving assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wave absorbing load block (111) is a graphite member or a wave absorbing powder member.
4. The antenna receiving assembly according to claim 2, wherein the wave-absorbing load block (111) is a triangular block, the cross section of the wave-absorbing load block is a right triangle, the wave-absorbing load block (111) is vertically installed at the rear end of the snake-shaped cavity, the inclined surface of the wave-absorbing load block faces upwards, and the lower end of the wave-absorbing load block (111) is fixedly bonded with the two strip-shaped plates (112).
5. The antenna receiving assembly according to claim 1, wherein the mounting member (12) is a mounting plate vertically disposed in a left-right direction.
6. The antenna receiving assembly of claim 1, wherein the upper plate (131), the middle plate (132) and the lower plate (133) are welded and integrally formed.
7. A frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna, comprising an antenna back plate (2), a transmitting device (3) and an antenna receiving assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna back plate (2) is horizontally arranged, the transmitting device (3) and the antenna receiving assembly (1) are both mounted at the upper end of the antenna back plate (2), and the transmitting device (3) is located at the left of the antenna receiving assembly (1).
8. A radar comprising the frequency-phase electrically swept slot array antenna of claim 7.
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