CN113342063A - Photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113342063A CN113342063A CN202110651071.8A CN202110651071A CN113342063A CN 113342063 A CN113342063 A CN 113342063A CN 202110651071 A CN202110651071 A CN 202110651071A CN 113342063 A CN113342063 A CN 113342063A
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- solar cell
- cell panel
- tracking system
- angle
- photovoltaic module
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D3/00—Control of position or direction
- G05D3/12—Control of position or direction using feedback
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system, wherein an angle adjusting device is used for adjusting the incident angle of a solar cell panel and sunlight, the angle adjusting device is arranged at one end of the solar cell panel, a bracket is arranged at the other end of the solar cell panel, a light sensor is arranged on the solar cell panel and is connected with the angle adjusting device through a main controller, and the main controller receives an included angle deviation signal sent by the light sensor and controls the angle adjusting device, so that the effective tracking of the solar cell panel in the solar altitude angle direction is realized. The invention replaces the driving tracking mode of a servo motor, effectively reduces the tracking cost and realizes the tracking mode of the whole photovoltaic array by adopting liquid level control; the construction of a large-area photovoltaic power station with high sheet density is realized, and the construction and maintenance cost is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation equipment, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system.
Background
In the field of photovoltaic power generation, sunlight is tracked and controlled in real time, so that the luminous flux incident on a photovoltaic array can be obviously improved, and the efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power generation system is further improved. At present, a common photovoltaic power generation system generally adopts a double-shaft tracking system, a single-shaft tracking system and a fixed-angle installation mode. The double-shaft tracking system is a small array formed by supporting a plurality of assemblies through an independent support, and the horizontal shaft and vertical shaft rotating tracking system is arranged on the independent support, so that the sunlight can be effectively tracked in real time, the tracking efficiency is highest, and the cost is highest. The single-axis tracking system tracks sunlight on one of two dimensions of a horizontal axis or a vertical axis, can effectively realize tracking of the sunlight, and reduces tracking cost. The fixed mounting angle tracking means that a proper array inclination angle is calculated according to the longitude and the latitude of the photovoltaic array, so that a fixed angle mounting mode is realized, and although the cost is low, the real-time effective tracking of sunlight is difficult to realize; no matter be biax tracking system or unipolar tracking system, all need install servo motor additional, realize the tracking of subassembly in one or two dimensions through motor control, it all provides very big requirement to the sensitivity and the durability of motor, and the cost is higher, and mechanical failure rate is higher, is unfavorable for centralized control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic power generation system is improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system, including angle adjusting device, angle adjusting device is used for adjusting the incident angle of solar cell panel and sunlight, angle adjusting device sets up the one end at solar cell panel, solar cell panel's the other end is provided with the fixed bolster, the last light sensor that is provided with of solar cell panel, light sensor passes through main control unit and is connected with angle adjusting device, main control unit receives the contained angle deviation signal that light sensor sent and controls angle adjusting device, realize solar cell panel at the effective tracking of solar altitude angle direction.
Specifically, the angle adjusting device comprises a movable support, one end of the movable support is connected with the solar cell panel, the other end of the movable support penetrates through a circular ring sleeve at one end of the cantilever beam to be connected with a buoyancy pile, the buoyancy pile is arranged in the liquid level adjusting pool, and the other end of the cantilever beam is rigidly connected with the fixed support.
Furthermore, the included angle between the light ray and the normal line of the solar cell panel
The relation of the integral lifting or descending height h of the buoyancy pile is as follows:
wherein h is the integral lifting or descending height of the buoyancy pile; a. b are respectively the structural size constants of the adjusting device.
Furthermore, the liquid level regulating tank and the water storage tank are communicated with each other through two water pumps, and the main controller is respectively connected with the corresponding water pump control systems.
Furthermore, a slide way is arranged at the joint of one end of the movable support and the solar panel
Furthermore, the solar cell panels at least comprise one solar cell panel, and the solar cell panels are arranged in a liquid level regulating pool through corresponding movable supports and the buoyancy piles respectively.
Specifically, the light sensor is arranged on the light receiving surface of one end of the solar cell panel, which is close to the angle adjusting device.
Specifically, the bottom of the fixed support is connected with the fixed base.
Furthermore, one end of the fixing support is connected with the solar panel through a hinge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the sunlight tracking system of the photovoltaic module, the angle adjusting device is arranged at one end of the solar panel, the optical sensor is arranged on the solar panel and is connected with the angle adjusting device through the main controller, the main controller receives an included angle deviation signal sent by the optical sensor and controls the angle adjusting device, and effective tracking of the solar panel in the solar altitude angle direction is achieved; the traditional driving tracking mode adopting a servo motor is replaced, the tracking cost is effectively reduced, and even the tracking of the whole solar cell panel array to sunlight by adopting a single liquid level control can be realized. The technology can realize the construction of the photovoltaic power station with large area and high sheet degree, and effectively reduces the construction and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station.
Furthermore, the angle of the solar cell panel for receiving sunlight is controlled through the liquid level of the liquid level regulating pool, so that the sunlight is always vertically incident on the photovoltaic module, the luminous flux received by the array is increased, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, in two sets of water pump systems are arranged between the liquid level regulating reservoir and the water storage pool, the water pump controller is connected with the main controller, the water level of the liquid level regulating reservoir can be regulated by controlling the flow and the flow direction of the two water pumps, the inclination angle of the photovoltaic array is further controlled, and the sunlight is effectively tracked. And realize the circulation of rivers in two cisterns and reciprocate, avoid water waste.
Furthermore, the solar altitude is determined through data statistics or a real-time optical sensor, and the optical sensor transmits deviation signals of included angles between sunlight and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel to the main controller to control the flow rate and the flow direction of the water supply pump, so that the solar panel is controlled to be perpendicular to the sunlight all the time through liquid level tracking.
Furthermore, the supporting rod is connected with a slideway provided with a ball bearing in the liquid level height change process so as to automatically adjust the inclination angle of the solar cell panel.
Furthermore, the tracking mode that a plurality of solar cell panel devices are controlled through one liquid level is realized, and the construction and maintenance cost of the photovoltaic power station is effectively reduced.
Furthermore, one end of the solar cell panel is connected with the fixing base, so that stable operation of the photovoltaic power station under weather conditions such as strong wind can be guaranteed.
Furthermore, the other end of the solar cell panel is movably connected with the movable support, so that the solar cell panel can be timely adjusted through the sunlight altitude angle, and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved.
In conclusion, the tracking method of the photovoltaic array replaces a driving tracking mode of a servo motor, effectively reduces the tracking cost, and realizes the tracking mode of the whole photovoltaic array by adopting liquid level control; the construction of a large-area photovoltaic power station with high sheet density is realized, and the construction and maintenance cost is effectively reduced.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a solar tracking array control process.
Wherein: 1. fixing a bracket; 2. a solar panel; 3. a light sensor; 4. a fixed base; 5. a connecting shaft; 6. a slideway; 7. a liquid level regulating tank; 8. a main controller; 9. a buoyant pile; 10. a water storage tank; 11. a water pump control system; 12. a cantilever beam; 13. the support can be moved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
The invention provides a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system, which improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a photovoltaic power generation system from three aspects, namely, the efficiency is continuously refreshed at the battery side, the physical tracking at the module side and the MPPT tracking at the system end are realized, the physical tracking at the module side directly determines the intensity of sunlight received by a module and is of great importance to the improvement of the system efficiency; in order to keep the sunlight to be normally incident on the photovoltaic module all the time, the tracking of the sunlight is kept from two dimensions, namely the aspect of the solar direction angle and the solar altitude angle.
Referring to fig. 1, the sunlight tracking system of a photovoltaic module of the present invention includes a fixing bracket 1, a light sensor 3, an angle adjusting device and a main controller 8; one side of the solar cell panel 2 is connected with the fixed base 4 through the fixed support 1, through 5 swing joint of connecting axle between the fixed support 1 and the solar cell panel 2, the light sensor 3 sets up the opposite side sensitive surface at the solar cell panel 2, the lower part of the opposite side of the solar cell panel 2 is connected with the angle adjusting device, the light sensor 3 is connected with the angle adjusting device through the main control unit 8, utilize the light sensor 3 to receive the contained angle between the incident light of the sun and the 2 plumbs of the solar cell panel, the main control unit 8 controls the angle adjusting device according to the deviation signal that the contained angle produced, realize the effective tracking of the solar cell panel 2 in the direction of solar altitude angle.
The angle adjusting device comprises a slideway 6, a liquid level adjusting tank 7 and a buoyancy pile 9; one side of the solar cell panel 2 is arranged on a straight-line-shaped slide way 6, the bottom of the slide way 6 is connected with a buoyancy pile 9 arranged in the liquid level regulating pool 7 through a movable support 13, the movable support 13 penetrates through a cantilever beam 12, one end of the cantilever beam 12 is provided with a circular sleeve, and the movable support 13 penetrates through the circular sleeve to be connected with the buoyancy pile 9; the other end of the cantilever beam 12 is rigidly connected with the fixed bracket 1; liquid level equalizing basin 7 is connected with tank 10, corresponding pump control system 11 is connected respectively to liquid level equalizing basin 7 and tank 10, main control unit 8 is connected with pump control system 11 that liquid level equalizing basin 7 and tank 10 correspond respectively, confirm the sun altitude angle through data statistics or real-time light sensor 3, utilize the liquid level height in the main control unit 8 regulation liquid level equalizing basin 7 to control the sunlight perpendicular incidence solar cell panel 2 all the time, the servo motor drive of high price has been replaced, and reach the same tracking effect, effectively reduced the tracking cost.
The slideway 6 is a groove type track provided with a ball type bearing, is made of wear-resistant alloy, and is added with lubricating oil, so that the supporting rod can flexibly move in the slideway. The buoyancy pile 9 is a square hollow lightweight material buoyancy pile, the material comprises engineering plastics, rubber and other hollow devices with certain structural strength, the buoyancy pile floats on the liquid surface through the buoyancy of water, and the support of the battery plate is realized through a support connected with the buoyancy pile.
The working process of the photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system specifically comprises the following steps:
utilize light sensor to receive the contained angle between solar incident light and the subassembly plumb line to produce the deviation signal, thereby realize liquid level height in the liquid level regulating reservoir through adjusting water supply pump flow and flow direction, and then make the buoyancy stake float from top to bottom, and drive the bracing piece of being connected with it and slide from top to bottom along fixed vertical track, thereby control the angle that solar cell panel received the sunlight. The solar altitude angle is determined through data statistics or a real-time optical sensor, and the sunlight is controlled to be vertically incident on the solar cell panel all the time by adjusting the liquid level height through the water pump, so that the expensive servo motor drive is replaced, the same tracking effect is achieved, and the tracking cost is effectively reduced.
The optical sensor 3 receives incident sunlight and generates a deviation signal according to an included angle between the incident sunlight and a vertical line of the solar cell panel 2;
the main controller 8 receives the deviation signal and adjusts the flow rate and the flow direction of the water pump between the liquid level adjusting tank 7 and the water storage tank 10, so that the liquid level height in the liquid level adjusting tank 7 is increased or reduced, and the vertical relation between the liquid level height control solar cell panel 2 and the solar height angle is realized. The included angle between the line and the normal line of the solar cell panel (2)
The relation of the integral lifting or descending height h of the buoyancy pile is as follows:
wherein h is the integral lifting or descending height of the buoyancy pile; a. b are respectively the structural size constants of the adjusting device.
The corresponding relation between the liquid level change and the integral lifting or descending height of the buoyancy pile can be determined by measuring the actual relation curve between the liquid level change and the integral displacement of the buoyancy pile and adopting a parameter identification mode, and finally, the relation between the flow and the change of the included angle and the water flow direction and flow is established.
The relation between the specific deviation signal and the flow rate of the water feeding pump is controlled by a main controller, and the control algorithm of the main controller adopts a traditional PID control method or a fuzzy control algorithm, or a combination algorithm of the traditional PID control method and the fuzzy control algorithm.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2, the photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of the present invention can realize that a row of arrays (modules) or even a photovoltaic power station adopts a liquid level control mode, effectively replace a control mode that a plurality of servo motors are adopted, on one hand, reduce the system cost, and on the other hand, reduce mechanical failures; the tracking mode is low in cost, and compared with a traditional single-shaft tracking system, the tracking mode only needs two high-low water storage tanks and a water feeding pump for realizing water quantity transfer, so that the system cost is reduced, the control effect which can be achieved by the traditional single-shaft tracking system is realized, the system cost is lower than that of the traditional servo motor, and meanwhile, the failure rate is low.
In conclusion, the sunlight tracking system of the photovoltaic module realizes effective tracking of the module in the direction of the elevation angle of the sun. The tracking mode utilizes the light sensor to receive the included angle between the incident light of the sun and the vertical line of the component, so that a deviation signal is generated, and the height of the liquid level is adjusted to control the photovoltaic component in the direction of the solar altitude angle by adjusting the flow of the water feeding pump. The solar altitude angle is determined through data statistics or a real-time optical sensor, and the sunlight is controlled to be vertically incident on the photovoltaic module all the time by adjusting the liquid level height through a water pump, so that the high-price servo motor drive is replaced, the same tracking effect is achieved, and the tracking cost is effectively reduced.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system, a serial communication port, including angle adjusting device, angle adjusting device is used for adjusting the incident angle of solar cell panel (2) and sunlight, angle adjusting device sets up the one end at solar cell panel (2), the other end of solar cell panel (2) is provided with fixed bolster (1), be provided with light sensor (3) on solar cell panel (2), light sensor (3) are connected with angle adjusting device through main control unit (8), main control unit (8) receive the contained angle deviation signal that light sensor (3) sent and control angle adjusting device, realize solar cell panel (2) in the effective tracking of solar altitude angle direction.
2. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 1, wherein the angle adjusting means comprises a movable support (13), one end of the movable support (13) is connected with the solar cell panel (2), the other end of the movable support passes through a circular sleeve at one end of the cantilever beam (12) and is connected with the buoyant pile (9), the buoyant pile (9) is arranged in the liquid level adjusting tank (7), and the other end of the cantilever beam (12) is rigidly connected with the fixed support (1).
3. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 2 wherein the light ray is at an angle to the normal of the solar panel (2)
The relation of the integral lifting or descending height h of the buoyancy pile is as follows:
wherein h is the integral lifting or descending height of the buoyancy pile; a. b are respectively the structural size constants of the adjusting device.
4. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 2, wherein the liquid level regulating reservoir (7) and the water storage reservoir (10) are communicated with each other through two water pumps, and the main controller (8) is respectively connected with the corresponding water pump control systems.
5. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 2 wherein the junction of one end of the movable support (13) and the solar panel (2) is provided with a slideway (6).
6. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 2 wherein the solar panel (2) comprises at least one, and a plurality of solar panels (2) are respectively arranged in a liquid level adjusting tank (7) through corresponding movable supports (13) and buoyancy piles (9).
7. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 1 wherein the light sensor (3) is disposed on the light receiving surface of the solar panel (2) near one end of the angle adjusting means.
8. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 1 wherein the bottom of the fixed support (1) is connected to a fixed base (4).
9. The photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system of claim 8 wherein one end of the fixed bracket (1) is hinged to the solar panel (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110651071.8A CN113342063A (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110651071.8A CN113342063A (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system |
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| CN113342063A true CN113342063A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110651071.8A Pending CN113342063A (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Photovoltaic module sunlight tracking system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114167903A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-11 | 北京玻锐特科技有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic system and sun tracking mechanism |
| CN116545362A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
-
2021
- 2021-06-10 CN CN202110651071.8A patent/CN113342063A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114167903A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-11 | 北京玻锐特科技有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic system and sun tracking mechanism |
| CN116545362A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
| CN116545362B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2024-01-19 | 华能黑龙江发电有限公司新能源分公司 | Coordinated type photovoltaic tracking bracket system is supported to parallel screw rod multiple spot diamond |
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