CN113339458B

CN113339458B - Hard tooth surface gear transmission speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN113339458B
Application number: CN202110748852.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龚学华
Original assignee: ZHEJIANG TANHON DRIVING MACHINE CO Ltd
Current assignee: ZHEJIANG TANHON DRIVING MACHINE CO Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-02
Filing date: 2021-07-02
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-02
Also published as: CN113339458A

Abstract

The invention discloses a hard tooth surface gear transmission reducer which comprises a box body, wherein a primary speed reduction and a secondary speed reduction are respectively arranged in the box body, the primary speed reduction comprises an input shaft, the input shaft is rotatably connected with the inside of the box body through a bearing arranged on the outer side of the input shaft, an input small gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the input shaft, and the input small gear is in transmission connection with an input large gear. This hard tooth face gear drive reduction gear can solve prior art effectively, and the gear among the transmission hard tooth face gear drive reduction gear all adopts straight-tooth or skewed tooth, and the skewed tooth can produce axial force when the transmission, and meshing wearing and tearing between the acceleration gear reduce gear drive ware life, can produce vibrations when straight-tooth direct contact bites, and the collision atress is more direct, and the stress range is shorter than the skewed tooth, and the moment of torsion that bears is also little, especially after long-time continuous use, the problem that the flank of tooth wearing and tearing lead to the precision to reduce.

Description

Hard tooth surface gear transmission speed reducer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a hard tooth surface gear transmission speed reducer.

Background

The gear reducer is an independent closed transmission device between a prime motor and a working machine and is used for reducing the rotating speed and increasing the torque so as to meet the working requirement; the gear reducer is a combination of a speed reducing motor and a large speed reducer, a coupler and an adapter are not needed, the structure is compact, and the load is distributed on the planetary gear, so that the bearing capacity is higher than that of a common helical gear reducer, and the requirement of small space and high torque output is met.

The gear among the hard tooth face gear reducer of transmission all adopts straight-tooth or skewed tooth, the skewed tooth can produce the axial force when the transmission, meshing wearing and tearing between the acceleration gear, reduce gear reducer life, can produce vibrations when straight-tooth direct contact bites, the collision atress is more direct, the atress scope will be shorter than the skewed tooth, the moment of torsion that bears is also little, after long-time continuous use very much, flank of tooth wearing and tearing lead to the precision to reduce, and there is not damping piece in gear reducer, carry out quick scram to the reduction gear, the reduction gear plays the guard action when can not stopping suddenly, constantly variable speed wearing and tearing between the gear, the life of gear has greatly been reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Solves the technical problem

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a hard tooth surface gear transmission reducer which can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, gears in the transmission hard tooth surface gear reducer all adopt straight teeth or helical teeth, the helical teeth can generate axial force during transmission, meshing abrasion between the gears is accelerated, the service life of the gear reducer is shortened, the straight teeth can generate vibration when being in direct contact and occlusion, the collision stress is direct, the stress range is shorter than that of the helical teeth, the borne torque is small, and the precision is reduced due to tooth surface abrasion particularly after long-time continuous use.

Technical scheme

In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a hard tooth surface gear transmission reducer which comprises a box body, wherein a primary speed reduction and a secondary speed reduction are respectively arranged in the box body, the primary speed reduction comprises an input shaft, the input shaft is rotationally connected with the inside of the box body through a bearing arranged on the outer side of the input shaft, an input pinion is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the input shaft, the input pinion is in transmission connection with an input big gear through a spline arranged on the outer side of the input pinion, a middle rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the inside of the center of the input big gear, and the middle rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the inside of the box body through a bearing arranged on the outer side of the middle rotating shaft;

the fixed cover in the well pivot outside is equipped with the output pinion, the output pinion is connected with the output gear wheel through setting up at its outside spline transmission, the inside fixedly connected with output shaft in output gear wheel center, the output shaft is connected with the box internal rotation through the bearing that sets up in its outside.

Furthermore, the bearing is provided with six groups, the bearings are rotatably connected with the inside of the box body, a speed reducer accessory is arranged on the box body, and a flat key is arranged in the output shaft.

Furthermore, input pinion, input gear wheel, output pinion and output gear wheel all set up inside the box, input pinion and input gear wheel coplanar installation, output pinion and output gear wheel coplanar installation, the input gear wheel is located the output pinion right side.

Furthermore, the input pinion comprises a small tooth block, a sliding sheet is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the center of the small tooth block, a plurality of groups of small tooth keys are arranged on two sides of the sliding sheet, and the small tooth keys are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side face of the small tooth block.

Further, the input gear wheel comprises a large gear block, a sliding groove is formed in the edge of the large gear block, a plurality of groups of large gear keys are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove, and the large gear keys are evenly arranged on the circumferential side face of the large gear block.

Furthermore, the small tooth blocks and the large tooth blocks are made of forged steel, and a plurality of groups of damping balls are arranged in the sliding grooves.

Furthermore, both side surfaces of the edge of the sliding sheet are in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove, both side surfaces of the edge of the sliding sheet are located between the damping balls, the small tooth keys are matched with the large tooth keys, the small tooth keys and the large tooth keys are installed in opposite directions, and the small tooth keys and the large tooth keys are all spline keys with different models and sizes.

Furthermore, a cavity is formed in the large gear block and provided with two groups of magnetic plates, and magnetic force between the two groups of magnetic plates is attracted.

Further, magnetic plate is through seting up round hole and the well pivot outside sliding connection at its middle part, well pivot outside fixedly connected with limiting plate, the limiting plate impels the piece through setting up spring assembly fixedly connected with in its inside, impel the piece outside and limiting plate inner wall sliding connection.

Furthermore, a plurality of groups of blocking blocks are fixedly connected to the outer side of the magnetic plate, the blocking blocks are matched with the propelling block and are located on the same horizontal line, and the damping balls are fixedly connected to the outer side of the edge of the magnetic plate.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention uses the small tooth key, the large tooth key, the sliding sheet and the sliding groove, when in use, the external output mechanism drives the input shaft on the first-stage speed reduction to continuously rotate, the input pinion is driven to rotate, the large tooth key is driven to rotate by the external small tooth key, the small tooth key and the large tooth key are both designed into herringbone symmetrical gears, compared with the meshing state of straight teeth and inclined teeth, the overheating phenomenon of a high-speed shaft bearing is greatly improved, simultaneously, the herringbone symmetrical gears can generate two groups of symmetrical axial forces which are mutually counteracted, the meshing abrasion between the gears is reduced, the service life of the gear reducer is reduced, the herringbone symmetrical gears are gradually contacted when meshed, the vibration generated when meshed is reduced, in addition, the meshing line of each gear when meshed is longer than the straight teeth, the bearable force is larger, the torque is also larger, more symmetrical inclined teeth can be designed on the gears with the same size, the contact wear of each group of helical teeth is reduced, and the service life of the herringbone symmetrical gear is prolonged; the herringbone gear requires that two end surfaces of the gear are perpendicular to an axis, a plane formed by symmetrical center points of a left helical gear and a right helical gear is also perpendicular to the axis, however, certain errors exist in the actual processing and assembling process of the gear, after the herringbone gear with the errors is assembled on the shaft, a closed loop formed by the symmetrical center points of the left helical gear and the right helical gear is not a plane perpendicular to the axis but a curved surface, the track of the curved surface rotating around the axis is an irregular wave-shaped curve, the rotating tracks of two different gears are two different curves, the symmetrical center lines of a pair of gears which are meshed with each other must be overlapped in operation, then the symmetrical center curves of the pair of herringbone gears will be overlapped in the meshing process of the gears, and the peak-valley superposition, namely the error must be accumulated, and the final result is the axial displacement of a gear shaft, therefore, in the process of designing the secondary gear, the sliding sheet on the input pinion is positioned in the inner part of the input big gear, which is provided with the sliding groove, so that the input pinion and the input big gear are always kept at the same horizontal line, and in the meshing process of the herringbone gear and the gear, the herringbone gear and the gear are overlapped to cause the axial displacement of the gear shaft due to the superposition of peaks and valleys, and the sliding sheet has a limiting effect on the input pinion and the input big gear, so that the axial displacement of the gear shaft is avoided, and the service lives of the input pinion and the input big gear are greatly prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional layered structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first-stage deceleration solid partial section according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first-stage deceleration partial section according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective partial cross-sectional view of an input pinion and an input bull gear of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the initial state of the propelling block and the blocking block.

The reference numbers in the figure respectively represent 1 and a box body; 2. first-stage speed reduction; 21. an input shaft; 22. an input pinion gear; 221. a small tooth block; 222. a slide sheet; 223. a small toothed key; 23. inputting a bull gear; 231. a large tooth block; 2311. a cavity; 2312. a magnetic plate; 2313. a limiting plate; 2314. a spring set; 2315. a propulsion block; 2316. a barrier block; 232. a sliding groove; 233. a large-tooth key; 234. a damping ball; 3. performing secondary speed reduction; 31. an output pinion gear; 32. an output gearwheel; 33. an output shaft; 4. a bearing; 5. a middle rotating shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a hard tooth surface gear transmission reducer comprises a box body 1, wherein a first-stage speed reduction 2 and a second-stage speed reduction 3 are respectively arranged inside the box body 1, the first-stage speed reduction 2 comprises an input shaft 21, the input shaft 21 is rotatably connected with the box body 1 through a bearing 4 arranged on the outer side of the input shaft, an input pinion 22 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the input shaft 21, the input pinion 22 is connected with an input big gear 23 through a spline arranged on the outer side of the input pinion in a transmission way, a middle rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected inside the center of the input big gear 23, and the middle rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected with the box body 1 through the bearing 4 arranged on the outer side of the middle rotating shaft;

Wherein, the fixed cover outside the middle rotating shaft 5 is provided with an output pinion 31, the output pinion 31 is connected with an output gearwheel 32 through a spline transmission arranged outside the output pinion 31, the center inside of the output gearwheel 32 is fixedly connected with an output shaft 33, the output shaft 33 are rotationally connected with the box body 1 through a bearing 4 arranged outside the output shaft.

The bearing 4 is provided with six groups altogether, and a plurality of bearings 4 all with box 1 internal rotation be connected, be provided with the reduction gear annex on the box 1, seted up the parallel key in the output shaft 33.

The input small gear 22, the input large gear 23, the output small gear 31 and the output large gear 32 are all arranged in the box body 1, the input small gear 22 and the input large gear 23 are installed on the same plane, the output small gear 31 and the output large gear 32 are installed on the same plane, and the input large gear 23 is positioned on the right side of the output small gear 31.

The input pinion 22 includes pinion block 221, the fixed cover in pinion block 221 center outside is equipped with the slide piece 222, the slide piece 222 plays limiting displacement to input pinion 22 and input gear wheel 23, avoids gear shaft axial displacement, has greatly improved the life of input pinion 22 and input gear wheel 23, the slide piece 222 both sides all are provided with a plurality of groups of pinion keys 223, and a plurality of pinion keys 223 evenly set up in pinion block 221 circumference side.

The input gearwheel 23 comprises a large toothed block 231, a sliding groove 232 is formed in the edge of the large toothed block 231, a plurality of groups of large toothed keys 233 are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove 232, the large toothed keys 233 are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side surface of the large toothed block 231, the small toothed keys 223 and the large toothed keys 233 are designed into herringbone symmetrical gears, compared with the meshing state of straight teeth and oblique teeth, the overheating phenomenon of a high-speed shaft bearing is reduced, the herringbone symmetrical gears can generate two groups of symmetrical axial forces, the two axial forces are offset mutually, the meshing abrasion between the gears is reduced, and the service life of the gear reducer is shortened.

The small tooth blocks 221 and the large tooth blocks 231 are made of forged steel, a plurality of groups of damping balls 234 are arranged in the sliding grooves 232, the rubber damping balls 234 extrude the sliding sheet 222, the rotating speed of the sliding sheet 222 and the input small gear 22 is rapidly reduced, the rotating speed of the input large gear 23 is further reduced, and a rapid emergency stop effect is achieved on the hard tooth surface gear reducer.

The two side surfaces of the edge of the sliding sheet 222 are slidably connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove 232, the two side surfaces of the edge of the sliding sheet 222 are located between the damping balls 234, the small toothed keys 223 are matched with the large toothed keys 233, the small toothed keys 223 and the large toothed keys 233 are installed in opposite directions, and the small toothed keys 223 and the large toothed keys 233 are all spline keys with different models and sizes.

The large tooth block 231 is internally provided with a cavity 2311, the cavity 2311 is provided with magnetic plates 2312, the magnetic plates 2312 are arranged in two groups, and the magnetic plates 2312 attract each other by magnetic force, so that when the external output mechanism stops outputting rotation, the magnetic plates 2312 drive the damping balls 234 to rapidly extrude the sliding piece 222.

The magnetic plate 2312 is in sliding connection with the outer side of the middle rotating shaft 5 through a round hole formed in the middle of the magnetic plate, the outer side of the middle rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected with a limiting plate 2313, the limiting plate 2313 is fixedly connected with a pushing block 2315 through a spring group 2314 arranged in the limiting plate 2313, and the outer side of the pushing block 2315 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the limiting plate 2313.

The outer side of the magnetic plate 2312 is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of blocking blocks 2316, the blocking blocks 2316 are matched with the propelling blocks 2315 and are positioned on the same horizontal line, and the damping balls 234 are fixedly connected with the outer side of the edge of the magnetic plate 2312.

When the device is used, the external output mechanism drives the input shaft 21 on the primary speed reduction 2 to continuously rotate, the input pinion 22 is driven to rotate, the external pinion 223 drives the large-tooth key 233 to rotate, the middle rotating shaft 5 is driven to rotate, the output pinion 31 is driven to rotate, the output large gear 32 is driven to rotate, and the output shaft 33 is driven to rotate;

referring to fig. 1-4, when in use, when the external output mechanism drives the input shaft 21 on the primary speed reduction 2 to rotate continuously, the input pinion 22 is driven to rotate, the external small-tooth key 223 drives the large-tooth key 233 to rotate, the small-tooth key 223 and the large-tooth key 233 are both designed into herringbone symmetrical gears, compared with the meshing state of straight teeth and helical teeth, the overheating phenomenon of a high-speed shaft bearing is greatly improved, meanwhile, the herringbone symmetrical gears can generate two groups of symmetrical axial forces which are mutually offset to reduce the meshing abrasion between the gears, the service life of the gear reducer is reduced, the herringbone symmetrical gears are gradually contacted when meshed, the vibration generated when meshed is reduced, in addition, on the herringbone symmetrical gears, the meshing line of teeth when meshed is longer than the straight teeth, the bearable force is larger, so the torque is larger, more symmetrical helical teeth can be designed on the gears with the same size, the contact wear of each group of helical teeth is reduced, and the service life of the herringbone symmetrical gear is prolonged; the herringbone gear requires that two end surfaces of the gear are perpendicular to an axis, a plane formed by symmetrical center points of a left helical gear and a right helical gear is also perpendicular to the axis, however, certain errors exist in the actual processing and assembling process of the gear, after the herringbone gear with the errors is assembled on the shaft, a closed loop formed by the symmetrical center points of the left helical gear and the right helical gear is not a plane perpendicular to the axis but a curved surface, the track of the curved surface rotating around the axis is an irregular wave-shaped curve, the rotating tracks of two different gears are two different curves, the symmetrical center lines of a pair of gears which are meshed with each other must be overlapped in operation, then the symmetrical center curves of the pair of herringbone gears will be overlapped in the meshing process of the gears, and the peak-valley superposition, namely the error must be accumulated, and the final result is the axial displacement of a gear shaft, therefore, in the process of designing the secondary gear, the sliding piece 222 on the input pinion 22 is positioned inside the input bull gear 23 provided with the sliding groove 232, so that the input pinion 22 and the input bull gear 23 always keep the same horizontal line, and in the meshing process of the herringbone gear and the gear, the input pinion 22 and the input bull gear 23 are overlapped and superposed to cause the peak valley superposition to cause the axial displacement of the gear shaft, and the sliding piece 222 plays a limiting role in limiting the input pinion 22 and the input bull gear 23, so that the axial displacement of the gear shaft is avoided, and the service lives of the input pinion 22 and the input bull gear 23 are greatly prolonged;

Referring to fig. 4-6, when the input shaft 21 rotates continuously, the input pinion 22 is driven to rotate, the external pinion 223 drives the large-tooth key 233 to rotate, the large-tooth block 231 is driven to rotate, the pushing block 2315 is subject to centrifugal action and moves outwards, the spring set 2314 is driven to stretch, the pushing block 2315 is driven to squeeze the blocking block 2316, the blocking block 2316 is driven to move inwards away from one side of the limit plate 2313, the damping ball 234 on the magnetic plate 2312 is driven to separate from the sliding piece 222, friction between the sliding piece 222 and the inner wall of the sliding groove 232 during rotation is reduced, when the external output mechanism stops outputting rotation, the pushing block 2315 is subjected to centrifugal action and is rapidly reduced, magnetic forces between the magnetic plates 2312 attract each other and approach each other, the blocking block 2316 is driven to squeeze the pushing block 2315 to recover, meanwhile, the magnetic plate 2312 drives the rubber damping ball 234 to squeeze the sliding piece 222, and the pinion rapidly reduces the rotation speed of the sliding piece 222, and then reduce the rotational speed of inputting the bull gear 23, play the effect of quick scram to the hard tooth face gear reducer, eliminate the wearing and tearing of constantly changing speed between the gear, play the guard action to the reducer, improve the life of reducer gear and keep the gear precision.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not depart from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hard tooth surface gear transmission speed reducer is characterized in that: the novel multifunctional electric cabinet is characterized by comprising a cabinet body (1), wherein a first-stage speed reduction gear (2) and a second-stage speed reduction gear (3) are respectively arranged in the cabinet body (1), the first-stage speed reduction gear (2) comprises an input shaft (21), the input shaft (21) is rotationally connected with the cabinet body (1) through a bearing (4) arranged on the outer side of the input shaft, an input pinion (22) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the input shaft (21), the input pinion (22) is in transmission connection with an input large gear (23) through a spline arranged on the outer side of the input small gear, a middle rotating shaft (5) is fixedly connected in the center of the input large gear (23), and the middle rotating shaft (5) is rotationally connected with the cabinet body (1) through a bearing (4) arranged on the outer side of the middle rotating shaft;

the input pinion (22) comprises a small tooth block (221), a sliding sheet (222) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the center of the small tooth block (221), a plurality of groups of small tooth keys (223) are arranged on two sides of the sliding sheet (222), the small tooth keys (223) are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side face of the small tooth block (221), the input gearwheel (23) comprises a large tooth block (231), a sliding groove (232) is formed in the edge of the large tooth block (231), a plurality of groups of large tooth keys (233) are arranged on two sides of the sliding groove (232), the large tooth keys (233) are uniformly arranged on the circumferential side face of the large tooth block (231), the small tooth block (221) and the large tooth block (231) are made of forged steel, a plurality of groups of damping balls (234) are arranged in the sliding groove (232), and two side faces of the edge of the sliding sheet (222) are all in sliding connection with the inner wall of the sliding groove (232), the two side faces of the edge of the sliding sheet (222) are located between the damping balls (234), the small tooth keys (223) are matched with the large tooth keys (233), the small tooth keys (223) and the large tooth keys (233) are installed in opposite directions, the small tooth keys (223) and the large tooth keys (233) are all spline keys with different models and sizes, cavities (2311) are formed in the large tooth blocks (231), magnetic plates (2312) are arranged in the cavities (2311), two groups of the magnetic plates (2312) are arranged, magnetic force between the magnetic plates (2312) is attracted, the magnetic plates (2312) are connected with the outer side of the middle rotating shaft (5) in a sliding mode through round holes formed in the middle of the magnetic plates, limiting plates (2313) are fixedly connected with the outer side of the middle rotating shaft (5), the limiting plates (2313) are fixedly connected with pushing blocks (2315) through spring groups (2314) arranged in the limiting plates, the outer sides of the pushing blocks (2315) are connected with the inner walls of the pushing blocks (2313) in a sliding mode, the outer side of the magnetic plate (2312) is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of isolating blocks (2316), a plurality of isolating blocks (2316) are matched with the propelling blocks (2315) and are positioned on the same horizontal line, and a plurality of damping balls (234) are fixedly connected with the outer side of the edge of the magnetic plate (2312);

The output gear box is characterized in that an output pinion (31) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the middle rotating shaft (5), the output pinion (31) is in transmission connection with an output large gear (32) through a spline arranged on the outer side of the output pinion (31), an output shaft (33) is fixedly connected to the inner portion of the center of the output large gear (32), the output shaft (33) is in rotating connection with the box body (1) through a bearing (4) arranged on the outer side of the output large gear (33).

2. A hardened face gear reduction unit as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the bearing (4) are provided with six groups, the bearings (4) are rotationally connected with the box body (1), a speed reducer accessory is arranged on the box body (1), and a flat key is arranged in the output shaft (33).

3. A hardened face gear reduction unit as claimed in claim 1 wherein: input pinion (22), input gear wheel (23), output pinion (31) and output gear wheel (32) all set up inside box (1), input pinion (22) and input gear wheel (23) coplanar installation, output pinion (31) and output gear wheel (32) coplanar installation, input gear wheel (23) are located output pinion (31) right side.