CN113339026A - Special-shaped roadway advance support method and advance hydraulic support - Google Patents
Special-shaped roadway advance support method and advance hydraulic support Download PDFInfo
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- CN113339026A CN113339026A CN202110708763.1A CN202110708763A CN113339026A CN 113339026 A CN113339026 A CN 113339026A CN 202110708763 A CN202110708763 A CN 202110708763A CN 113339026 A CN113339026 A CN 113339026A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/14—Telescopic props
- E21D15/44—Hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
- E21D15/54—Details of the ends of props
- E21D15/55—Details of the ends of props of prop heads or feet
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
The invention discloses a special-shaped roadway advance support method and an advance hydraulic support, and belongs to the field of roadway support. A forepoling method for special-shaped roadways is characterized in that forepoling of special-shaped roadways of a transportation roadway and a return air roadway is achieved by adopting a forepoling hydraulic support and assisting a single hydraulic prop, wherein a telescopic front extension beam and a matched structure, a freely rotatable wall protection plate and a matched structure and a single top beam are additionally arranged on the basis of a common hydraulic support based on special working conditions of the special-shaped roadways, and the forepoling hydraulic support suitable for supporting the special-shaped roadways is designed. The invention provides a new method for supporting the special-shaped roadway, has strong adaptability to various special-shaped roadways, greatly improves the overall supporting strength and stability of the special-shaped roadway, lightens the labor intensity of workers, and provides more reliable guarantee for the safety production of coal mines.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway support, in particular to a special-shaped roadway advance support method and an advance hydraulic support.
Background
Along with the high-speed development of mining and supporting technologies in China, eastern mining areas gradually develop towards deep mining, and along with the increase of mining depth, the times and the strength of rock burst are greatly increased, so that the roadway is easily pressed and deformed to form irregular roadway sections, besides, the coal seam also has a certain inclination angle, the roadway is designed into an irregular shape under the influence of the inclination angle of the coal seam, in the face of the special irregular roadway, the supporting effect of a single supporting means cannot reach the expectation, and certain safety risks exist. Most top beams of the existing forepoling supports are long and narrow at present, but the whole supporting area is small, and an independent supporting mode is adopted, so that the existing forepoling supports cannot be well adapted to the conditions of local fluctuation, bulge and the like of a roadway roof, the local stress of the supported roadway roof is large, the roadway roof is damaged to a certain extent, and the management of the roadway roof is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the advanced supporting method and the advanced hydraulic support for the special-shaped roadway, which are flexible and variable, have wide application range and can play a good supporting role in the advanced section of the special-shaped roadway.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention comprises a special-shaped roadway advance support method and an advance hydraulic support.
The advance support method of the special-shaped roadway adopts an advance hydraulic support, is assisted by a single hydraulic prop to carry out temporary support, advances along with the advance of a working face, and always keeps the advance support of the special-shaped roadway; the front 40m of the special-shaped roadway is supported by adopting an advanced hydraulic support, and the rear part of the special-shaped roadway is supported by adopting a single hydraulic prop;
in the face of the working condition that the height of a top plate of the special-shaped roadway is variable, the advancing hydraulic support accurately adjusts the angle of a top beam through a telescopic sleeve and an upright post to realize roof connection; the rotation angle of the wall protection plate is adjusted by using a wall protection plate jack to reach a top-contacting position, and pressure applied by an overlying rock layer of the roadway is dispersed, so that the advanced hydraulic support can uniformly bear the load of a top plate of the roadway, and meanwhile, coal walls of two sides of the roadway can be protected, and the deformation of the two sides of the roadway is reduced; when the advance hydraulic support needs to move forwards, manual operation and automatic forward movement are achieved through the support moving jack, the bottom lifting jack, the bottom adjusting jack and the connector, and it is guaranteed that the advance hydraulic support can accurately reach the designated position.
A special-shaped roadway advance support method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the total distance L of a forepoling section according to the distribution rule of the forepoling pressure of a mining roadway and the engineering geological conditions;
secondly, adopting an advanced hydraulic support to support the front 40m of the advanced section of the transportation roadway and the return air roadway, wherein every two supports are in one group, three groups are arranged, and the total length is 40 m;
two forepoling supports of the same group are connected end to end and are horizontally arranged along the direction of a roadway, the forepoling support of the first group is placed at the tail end of an end support, the forepoling support and the end support of a working face are connected through a support moving jack, after the arrangement position of the forepoling support of the first group is determined, a top beam of the forepoling support is fully contacted with a roadway top plate through operating an upright lifting valve of the forepoling support, the length of a forepoling beam is adjusted according to the width of the roadway, a wall protecting plate is controlled to lift up to support the roadway top plate, another forepoling support of the same group is operated after the fixation is finished, the operation is finished, the remaining two groups of forepoling supports are sequentially and reasonably arranged, the two groups are tightly connected, and a too large gap cannot be reserved; the control and operation system of the hydraulic bracket is manual hydraulic pilot control.
Step three, arranging a single hydraulic prop advance support section with the length of L-40m by adopting a single hydraulic prop outside the support range of the advance hydraulic support;
the supporting process of the single hydraulic prop is divided into three processes of prop lifting, primary supporting and bearing and pressure stabilizing, high-pressure liquid of a pump station is injected into the inner cavity of the single hydraulic prop by using a liquid injection gun, the prop is gradually lifted until a top cover of the prop supports a hinged top beam and is tightly attached to a top plate of a working face, and the hydraulic prop reaches a bearing state; along with the gradual increase of the load on the hydraulic prop, the high-pressure liquid in the inner cavity overflows, and the prop descends to some extent, so that the bearing and pressure stabilizing state is achieved.
The advanced hydraulic support comprises a metal structural part and a hydraulic system, and is distributed in bilateral symmetry.
The metal structural part comprises a top beam (1), a base (2), a hinged beam (3), a telescopic sleeve (4), a forward extending beam (5), a wall protecting plate (6) and a counterweight plate (7);
the front end of the top beam (1) is hinged with a telescopic front extension beam (5), the side of the top beam (1) is hinged with a freely rotatable wall protection plate (6), and the top connection position is reached by adjusting the rotation angle of the wall protection plate (6); the top beam (1) is of a variable cross-section box-shaped structure, plays a role of supporting a top plate and is a main bearing part of the hydraulic support;
the upper end of the telescopic sleeve (4) is hinged with the hinged beam (3), the lower end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged with the base (2), so that the hydraulic advance support realizes lifting movement, the telescopic sleeve (4) is matched with the upright column (8) to realize adjustment of a top beam supporting angle, and the hydraulic advance support can realize optimal top contact facing various roadways; the hinged beam (3) is hinged with the left top beam and the right top beam of the hydraulic support to form a single-support double-top-beam knot; the counterweight plate (7) is connected with the upright post (8) through a pin shaft (14) to play a role in balancing the hydraulic support;
the base (2) is connected with the top beam (1) through an upright post (8); the base (2) adopts a box structure, transmits the pressure of a top plate born by the support to a bottom plate, and is an important bearing part of the hydraulic support.
The hydraulic system comprises a vertical column (8), a frame moving jack (9), a forward extending beam jack (10), a dado plate jack (11), a bottom lifting jack (12) and a bottom adjusting jack (13);
the upright post (8) adopts a double telescopic upright post, the top beam (1) is connected with the base (2), and the telescopic sleeve (4) is matched to complete the top connection operation of the advanced hydraulic support; the cylinder bottom of the frame moving jack (9) is connected with the front end of the base (2), and the head of the piston rod is connected with the base of the previous hydraulic support through a connector and used for pulling and moving the hydraulic support; the front end of the front extension beam jack (10) is connected with the front extension beam (5) through a guide shaft, and the rear end of the front extension beam jack is hinged with the front side of the top beam (1) and used for controlling the extension and recovery of the front extension beam (5); the front end of the wall protection plate jack (11) is connected with the wall protection plate (6), and the rear end of the wall protection plate jack is connected with the connecting seats on the two sides of the top beam (1) and used for controlling the lifting and falling of the wall protection plate (6) and controlling the rotation angle of the wall protection plate.
The hydraulic support is characterized in that metal structural members of the advance hydraulic support and the metal structural members and a hydraulic system are connected through pin shafts (14), D-shaped pins (15) and bolts, and the pipeline connection is realized through quick plugs, U-shaped clamps (16) and R-shaped pins (17) which are convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.
The two frames of the advanced hydraulic support are used in a matched mode in groups, connecting hinge points are arranged on two sides of a base (2) of the advanced hydraulic support, the rear portion of the base of the front frame is connected with the front portion of the base of the rear frame through a frame moving jack (9) and a connector (18), and the frame moving function is achieved; adjusting the number of groups of the advanced hydraulic supports according to the length of the reinforced support section of the gateway; the front and the rear frames can be supported by each other by adopting a double-support structure, the stability of the supports is improved, and the safety and the stability of the frame moving process can be ensured by the mutual supporting action between the supports.
The support height of the advanced hydraulic support is 1.6-3.0 m, the initial support force is 2 multiplied by 2116kN, the average support strength is 0.4MPa, the moving stroke is 1300mm, the moving thrust/tension is 802/445kN, the working resistance is 2 multiplied by 3200kN, the angle of the top beam changes from minus 35 degrees to plus 35 degrees, the angle of the wall protection plate changes from 0 degree to plus 180 degrees, and the extension range of the front extension beam is 0-1092 mm.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides a new supporting method for the roadway which is pressed and changed into other irregular shapes from the regular shapes of arch, rectangle, trapezoid and the like and is influenced by the inclination angle of the coal bed, and designs a matched advanced hydraulic support, when the advanced hydraulic support faces to the complex working conditions of a working surface with continuously changed inclination length, a special-shaped roadway with changeable section shape and the like, the advanced hydraulic support can be well adapted to the change of the roadway only by simply adjusting working parameters (such as the length of a front extending beam, the angle of a wall protection plate and the like), thereby achieving the optimal roadway advanced supporting effect; the hydraulic support is a support which is designed by replacing permanent support of a roadway with temporary advance support according to the advance of a fully mechanized mining face along with a reversed loader, can excellently adapt to the roadway with the irregular shape such as an arch, a rectangle, a trapezoid and the like changed into other irregular shapes under the pressure of an advance support section, combines flexible and changeable flexible support on the basis of rigid support, not only effectively improves the supporting capacity, but also can better deal with the complex and changeable environmental conditions of a special-shaped roadway, and greatly improves the adaptability to the various irregular roadways; aiming at the special condition of large variation range of the top plate angle caused by roadway deformation, the hydraulic support can accurately adjust the top beam angle to realize the optimal top contacting effect; this hydraulic support has add the dado board everywhere, can cover the space between the hydraulic support completely, for the staff provides safe operating space, in addition, the dado board can play the effect of supplementary support, makes it can fully contact with the tunnel roof through the turned angle who adjusts the dado board, and the maximum dispersion tunnel covers the pressure that the rock stratum was applyed, makes leading hydraulic support evenly bear the load of tunnel roof, has effectively improved hydraulic support's the support performance and the effect of strutting in tunnel.
The single hydraulic support is in a symmetrical distribution structure, the effective supporting area of the hydraulic support is expanded by connecting the two auxiliary top beams through the hinged beam, and the supporting capacity of the hydraulic support is improved; the hinged front extending beam enlarges the transverse supporting range of the hydraulic support and can adapt to the inclined length change of the working face; the top beam is articulated with the dado board everywhere, except sheltering from coal and waste rock that the roof dropped, can also play the effect of supplementary support to can adjust the support angle of dado board through the dado board jack, adapt to the uneven operating mode of tunnel roof, provide the best support effect for irregularly shaped tunnel, the powerful adaptability of this type hydraulic support has been reflected to the at utmost.
The advance support method for the special-shaped roadway can adapt to the support requirements of the special-shaped roadway to the greatest extent. In the face of the working condition that the height of the top plate of the special-shaped roadway fluctuates, the flexible support is completed by utilizing the structure and the functional characteristics of the advanced hydraulic support. The top beam angle is accurately adjusted through the telescopic sleeve and the upright column to achieve the best roof-contacting effect, the rotation angle of the wall protecting plate is accurately adjusted by using a wall protecting plate jack to reach the most appropriate roof-contacting position, the pressure applied by an overlying rock layer of the roadway is dispersed to the maximum extent, the hydraulic advance support is enabled to uniformly bear the load of a top plate of the roadway, meanwhile, coal walls of two sides of the roadway can be protected, and the deformation of the two sides of the roadway is effectively reduced; when the advance hydraulic support needs to move forwards, manual operation and automatic forward movement can be achieved through the support moving jack, the bottom lifting jack, the bottom adjusting jack and the connector, and it is guaranteed that the hydraulic support can accurately reach the designated position. The advance support method of the special-shaped roadway mainly adopts the advance hydraulic support to carry out flexible and variable temporary support, can be propelled along with the propulsion of a working face, and always keeps the best advance support effect of the special-shaped roadway.
The invention not only greatly increases the supporting intensity, but also lightens the labor intensity of workers and improves the extraction efficiency; in addition, the method is flexible and changeable, wide in application range and strong in adaptability, can play a good supporting role at the advanced section of the special-shaped roadway, solves the problems of difficult support and single support means of the advanced section of the special-shaped roadway, and achieves the aim of the invention.
The advantages are that: the invention not only greatly increases the supporting strength of the super front section of the special-shaped tunnel, but also ensures the safe exploitation of coal; the original permanent support means which wastes time and labor is upgraded into temporary support, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the extraction efficiency is improved. In addition, the invention is flexible and changeable, has wide application range and strong adaptability, and can play a good supporting role in various special-shaped roadways. The advance support method for the special-shaped roadway comprises advance support of a transport roadway and a return air roadway (double roadways), and the special-shaped roadway advance hydraulic support of special design is adopted in the double roadways for support, so that the advance support method can adapt to various irregular roadways, and the integral support strength and stability of the special-shaped roadway are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic support structure for the forepoling of the special-shaped roadway of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the hydraulic advance support of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the leading hydraulic mount of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the lead hydraulic mount of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic engineering diagram of the hydraulic advance support according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-top beam; 2-a base; 3-hinged beam; 4-a telescopic sleeve; 5-front extension beam; 6-a baseboard; 7-a counterweight plate; 8-upright column; 9-a frame moving jack; 10-a forward beam jack; 11-baseboard jacks; 12-lifting a bottom jack; 13-adjusting bottom jacks; 14-a pin shaft; 15-D type pin; a 16-U type card; 17-R type pin; 18-connecting head.
Detailed Description
The invention comprises a special-shaped roadway advance support method and an advance hydraulic support.
The advance support method of the special-shaped roadway adopts an advance hydraulic support, is assisted by a single hydraulic prop to carry out temporary support, advances along with the advance of a working face, and always keeps the advance support of the special-shaped roadway; the front 40m of the special-shaped roadway is supported by adopting an advanced hydraulic support, and the rear part of the special-shaped roadway is supported by adopting a single hydraulic prop;
in the face of the working condition that the height of a top plate of the special-shaped roadway is variable, the advancing hydraulic support accurately adjusts the angle of a top beam through a telescopic sleeve and an upright post to realize roof connection; the rotation angle of the wall protection plate is adjusted by using a wall protection plate jack to reach a top-contacting position, and pressure applied by an overlying rock layer of the roadway is dispersed, so that the advanced hydraulic support can uniformly bear the load of a top plate of the roadway, and meanwhile, coal walls of two sides of the roadway can be protected, and the deformation of the two sides of the roadway is reduced; when the advance hydraulic support needs to move forwards, manual operation and automatic forward movement are achieved through the support moving jack, the bottom lifting jack, the bottom adjusting jack and the connector, and it is guaranteed that the advance hydraulic support can accurately reach the designated position.
A special-shaped roadway advance support method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the total distance L of a forepoling section according to the distribution rule of the forepoling pressure of a mining roadway and the engineering geological conditions;
secondly, adopting an advanced hydraulic support to support the front 40m of the advanced section of the transportation roadway and the return air roadway, wherein every two supports are in one group, three groups are arranged, and the total length is 40 m;
two forepoling supports of the same group are connected end to end and are horizontally arranged along the direction of a roadway, the forepoling support of the first group is placed at the tail end of an end support, the forepoling support and the end support of a working face are connected through a support moving jack, after the arrangement position of the forepoling support of the first group is determined, a top beam of the forepoling support is fully contacted with a roadway top plate through operating an upright lifting valve of the forepoling support, the length of a forepoling beam is adjusted according to the width of the roadway, a wall protecting plate is controlled to lift up to support the roadway top plate, another forepoling support of the same group is operated after the fixation is finished, the operation is finished, the remaining two groups of forepoling supports are sequentially and reasonably arranged, the two groups are tightly connected, and a too large gap cannot be reserved; the control and operation system of the hydraulic bracket is manual hydraulic pilot control.
Step three, arranging a single hydraulic prop advance support section with the length of L-40m by adopting a single hydraulic prop outside the support range of the advance hydraulic support;
the supporting process of the single hydraulic prop is divided into three processes of prop lifting, primary supporting and bearing and pressure stabilizing, high-pressure liquid of a pump station is injected into the inner cavity of the single hydraulic prop by using a liquid injection gun, the prop is gradually lifted until a top cover of the prop supports a hinged top beam and is tightly attached to a top plate of a working face, and the hydraulic prop reaches a bearing state; along with the gradual increase of the load on the hydraulic prop, the high-pressure liquid in the inner cavity overflows, and the prop descends to some extent, so that the bearing and pressure stabilizing state is achieved.
The advanced hydraulic support comprises a metal structural part and a hydraulic system, and is distributed in bilateral symmetry.
The metal structural part comprises a top beam 1, a base 2, a hinged beam 3, a telescopic sleeve 4, a front extension beam 5, a wall protection plate 6 and a counterweight plate 7;
the front end of the top beam 1 is hinged with a telescopic front extension beam 5, the side of the top beam 1 is hinged with a freely rotatable wall protection plate 6, and the roof-contacting position is reached by adjusting the rotation angle of the wall protection plate 6; the top beam 1 is of a variable-section box-type structure, plays a role of supporting a top plate and is a main bearing part of the hydraulic support;
the upper end of the telescopic sleeve 4 is hinged with the hinged beam 3, the lower end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged with the base 2, so that the advanced hydraulic support realizes lifting movement, the telescopic sleeve 4 is matched with the upright post 8 to realize adjustment of a top beam supporting angle, and the advanced hydraulic support can realize optimal roof contact facing various roadways; the hinged beam 3 is hinged with the left top beam and the right top beam of the hydraulic support to form a single-support double-top-beam knot; the counterweight plate 7 is connected with the upright post 8 through a pin shaft 14 to play a role of balancing the hydraulic support;
the base 2 is connected with the top beam 1 through the upright post 8; the base 2 adopts a box structure, transmits the pressure of a top plate born by the support to a bottom plate, and is an important bearing part of the hydraulic support.
The hydraulic system comprises a vertical column 8, a frame moving jack 9, a front extending beam jack 10, a dado plate jack 11, a bottom lifting jack 12 and a bottom adjusting jack 13;
the upright post 8 adopts a double telescopic upright post, the top beam 1 is connected with the base 2, and the top beam is matched with the telescopic sleeve 4 to finish the top connection operation of the advanced hydraulic support; the cylinder bottom of the frame moving jack 9 is connected with the front end of the base 2, and the head of the piston rod is connected with the base of the previous hydraulic support through a connector and used for pulling and moving the hydraulic support; the front end of the front extension beam jack 10 is connected with the front extension beam 5 through a guide shaft, and the rear end of the front extension beam jack is hinged with the front side of the top beam 1 and used for controlling the extension and recovery of the front extension beam 5; the front end of the wall protection plate jack 11 is connected with the wall protection plate 6, and the rear end is connected with the connecting seats on the two sides of the top beam 1, and is used for controlling the rising and falling of the wall protection plate 6 and the rotation angle of the wall protection plate.
The metal structural parts of the advanced hydraulic support and the metal structural parts and the hydraulic system are connected through pin shafts 14, D-shaped pins 15 and bolts, and the pipeline connection adopts quick plugs, U-shaped clamps 16 and R-shaped pins 17 which are convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.
The two frames of the advanced hydraulic support are used in a matched mode in groups, connecting hinge points are arranged on two sides of a base 2 of the advanced hydraulic support, the rear portion of the base of the front frame is connected with the front portion of the base of the rear frame through a frame moving jack 9 and a connector 18, and the frame moving function is achieved; adjusting the number of groups of the advanced hydraulic supports according to the length of the reinforced support section of the gateway; the front and the rear frames can be supported by each other by adopting a double-support structure, the stability of the supports is improved, and the safety and the stability of the frame moving process can be ensured by the mutual supporting action between the supports.
The support height of the advanced hydraulic support is 1.6-3.0 m, the initial support force is 2 multiplied by 2116kN, the average support strength is 0.4MPa, the moving stroke is 1300mm, the moving thrust/tension is 802/445kN, the working resistance is 2 multiplied by 3200kN, the angle of the top beam changes from minus 35 degrees to plus 35 degrees, the angle of the wall protection plate changes from 0 degree to plus 180 degrees, and the extension range of the front extension beam is 0-1092 mm.
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
example 1: the invention comprises a special-shaped roadway advance support method and an advance hydraulic support.
The advance support method for the special-shaped roadway comprises advance support of a transport roadway and an air return roadway (double roadways). The double-lane advance support initial section adopts advance hydraulic supports to carry out advance support, every two supports are in one group and three groups in total, the length is 40m, the support supporting height is 1.6m-3 m, the working resistance is 2 multiplied by 3200KN, the support moving step distance is 1300mm, and a control and operation system is manual hydraulic pilot control. And the single hydraulic prop is adopted for supporting outside the supporting range of the advance hydraulic support, the single hydraulic support is constructed at the position 0.2m above the center line of the roadway, and the length of the advance support at the stage is not less than 110 m.
In the face of the working condition that the height of a top plate of the special-shaped roadway is variable, the advancing hydraulic support accurately adjusts the angle of the top beam 1 through the telescopic sleeve 4 and the upright post 8 to realize roof connection; the rotation angle of the protective wall plate 6 is adjusted by using the protective wall plate jack 11 to reach a top-contacting position, pressure applied by an overlying rock layer of the roadway is dispersed, so that the advanced hydraulic support can uniformly bear the load of a top plate of the roadway, the coal walls of two sides of the roadway can be protected, and the deformation of the two sides of the roadway is reduced; when the advance hydraulic support needs to move forwards, manual operation and automatic forward movement are achieved through the support moving jack 9, the bottom lifting jack 12, the bottom adjusting jack 13 and the connector 18, and it is guaranteed that the advance hydraulic support can accurately reach a designated position.
A special-shaped roadway advance support method specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the total distance L of a forepoling section according to the distribution rule of the forepoling pressure of a mining roadway and the engineering geological conditions;
secondly, adopting an advanced hydraulic support to support the front 40m of the advanced section of the transportation roadway and the return air roadway, wherein every two supports are in one group, three groups are arranged, and the total length is 40 m;
two forepoling supports of the same group are connected end to end and are horizontally arranged along the direction of a roadway, the forepoling support of the first group is placed at the tail end of an end support, the forepoling support and the end support of a working face are connected through a support moving jack, after the arrangement position of the forepoling support of the first group is determined, a top beam of the forepoling support is fully contacted with a roadway top plate through operating an upright lifting valve of the forepoling support, the length of a forepoling beam is adjusted according to the width of the roadway, a wall protecting plate is controlled to lift up to support the roadway top plate, another forepoling support of the same group is operated after the fixation is finished, the operation is finished, the remaining two groups of forepoling supports are sequentially and reasonably arranged, the two groups are tightly connected, and a too large gap cannot be reserved;
step three, arranging a single hydraulic prop advance support section with the length of L-40m by adopting a single hydraulic prop outside the support range of the advance hydraulic support;
the supporting process of the single hydraulic prop is divided into three processes of prop lifting, primary supporting and bearing and pressure stabilizing, high-pressure liquid of a pump station is injected into the inner cavity of the single hydraulic prop by using a liquid injection gun, the prop is gradually lifted until a top cover of the prop supports a hinged top beam and is tightly attached to a top plate of a working face, and the hydraulic prop reaches a bearing state; along with the gradual increase of the load on the hydraulic prop, the high-pressure liquid in the inner cavity overflows, and the prop descends to some extent, so that the bearing and pressure stabilizing state is achieved.
The advanced hydraulic support comprises a metal structural part and a hydraulic system, and is distributed in bilateral symmetry.
The metal structural part comprises a top beam 1, a base 2, a hinged beam 3, a telescopic sleeve 4, a front extension beam 5, a wall protection plate 6 and a counterweight plate 7;
the front end of the top beam 1 is hinged with a telescopic front extension beam 5, the side of the top beam 1 is hinged with a freely rotatable wall protection plate 6, and the roof-contacting position is reached by adjusting the rotation angle of the wall protection plate 6; the top beam 1 is of a variable-section box-type structure, plays a role of supporting a top plate and is a main bearing part of the hydraulic support;
the upper end of the telescopic sleeve 4 is hinged with the hinged beam 3, the lower end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged with the base 2, so that the advanced hydraulic support realizes lifting movement, the telescopic sleeve 4 is matched with the upright post 8 to realize adjustment of a top beam supporting angle, and the advanced hydraulic support can realize optimal roof contact facing various roadways; the hinged beam 3 is hinged with the left top beam and the right top beam of the hydraulic support to form a single-support double-top-beam knot; the counterweight plate 7 is connected with the upright post 8 through a pin shaft 14 to play a role of balancing the hydraulic support;
the base 2 is connected with the top beam 1 through the upright post 8; the base 2 adopts a box structure, transmits the pressure of a top plate born by the support to a bottom plate, and is an important bearing part of the hydraulic support.
The hydraulic system comprises a vertical column 8, a frame moving jack 9, a front extending beam jack 10, a dado plate jack 11, a bottom lifting jack 12 and a bottom adjusting jack 13; the upright post 8 adopts a double telescopic upright post, the top beam 1 is connected with the base 2, and the top beam is matched with the telescopic sleeve 4 to finish the top connection operation of the advanced hydraulic support; the cylinder bottom of the frame moving jack 9 is connected with the front end of the base 2, and the head of the piston rod is connected with the base of the previous hydraulic support through a connector and used for pulling and moving the hydraulic support; the front end of the front extension beam jack 10 is connected with the front extension beam 5 through a guide shaft, and the rear end of the front extension beam jack is hinged with the front side of the top beam 1 and used for controlling the extension and recovery of the front extension beam 5; the front end of the wall protection plate jack 11 is connected with the wall protection plate 6, and the rear end is connected with the connecting seats on the two sides of the top beam 1, and is used for controlling the rising and falling of the wall protection plate 6 and the rotation angle of the wall protection plate.
The two frames of the advanced hydraulic support are used in a matched mode in groups, connecting hinge points are arranged on two sides of a base 2 of the advanced hydraulic support, the rear portion of the base of the front frame is connected with the front portion of the base of the rear frame through a frame moving jack 9 and a connector 18, and the frame moving function is achieved; adjusting the number of groups of the advanced hydraulic supports according to the length of the reinforced support section of the gateway;
the front and the rear frames can be supported by each other by adopting a double-support structure, the stability of the supports is improved, and the safety and the stability of the frame moving process can be ensured by the mutual supporting action between the supports.
The support height of the advanced hydraulic support is 1.6-3.0 m, the initial support force is 2 multiplied by 2116kN, the average support strength is 0.4MPa, the moving stroke is 1300mm, the moving thrust/tension is 802/445kN, the working resistance is 2 multiplied by 3200kN, the angle of the top beam changes from minus 35 degrees to plus 35 degrees, the angle of the wall protection plate changes from 0 degree to plus 180 degrees, and the extension range of the front extension beam is 0-1092 mm.
The working process of the advanced hydraulic support comprises the following steps: when the stope face is pushed forward, the hydraulic support at the advance section is also moved forward correspondingly. When the support moves forwards, the wall protection plate is firstly retracted, then the support upright post and the telescopic sleeve on one side in the same group are rapidly retracted, the hydraulic support is in a state of just separating from the top plate, meanwhile, the support on the other side in the same group is rapidly reached, the push operating valve is operated to rapidly move the support to the position, finally, the support upright post lifting operating valve is operated to rapidly lift the upright post to support the top plate, the complete support moving operation is realized, and the follow-up repeated operation is carried out to complete the push work of all the hydraulic supports.
Claims (9)
1. A special-shaped roadway advance support method is characterized in that: adopting an advance hydraulic support, assisting a single hydraulic prop to temporarily support, advancing along with the advancing of a working face, and always keeping the advance support of the special-shaped roadway; the front 40m of the special-shaped roadway is supported by an advanced hydraulic support, and the rear part of the special-shaped roadway is supported by a single hydraulic prop;
in the face of the working condition that the height of a top plate of the special-shaped roadway is variable, the advancing hydraulic support accurately adjusts the angle of a top beam through a telescopic sleeve and an upright post to realize roof connection; the rotation angle of the wall protection plate is adjusted by using a wall protection plate jack to reach a top-contacting position, and pressure applied by an overlying rock layer of the roadway is dispersed, so that the advanced hydraulic support can uniformly bear the load of a top plate of the roadway, and meanwhile, coal walls of two sides of the roadway can be protected, and the deformation of the two sides of the roadway is reduced; when the advance hydraulic support needs to move forwards, manual operation and automatic forward movement are achieved through the support moving jack, the bottom lifting jack, the bottom adjusting jack and the connector, and it is guaranteed that the advance hydraulic support can accurately reach the designated position.
2. The forepoling method for the special-shaped roadway according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
determining the total distance L of a forepoling section according to the distribution rule of the forepoling pressure of a mining roadway and the engineering geological conditions;
secondly, adopting an advanced hydraulic support to support the front 40m of the advanced section of the transportation roadway and the return air roadway, wherein every two supports are in one group, three groups are arranged, and the total length is 40 m;
and step three, arranging a single hydraulic prop advance support section with the length of L-40m by adopting the single hydraulic prop outside the support range of the advance hydraulic support.
3. The forepoling method for the special-shaped roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the second step, two leading hydraulic supports in the same group are connected end to end and are horizontally arranged along the direction of a roadway, the leading hydraulic support in the first group is placed at the tail end of an end support, the leading hydraulic support and a working face end support are connected through a support moving jack, after the arrangement position of the leading hydraulic support in the first group is determined, a top beam of the leading hydraulic support is fully contacted with a roadway top plate by operating a vertical column lifting valve of the leading hydraulic support, the length of a front extending beam is adjusted according to the width of the roadway, the lifting angle of a wall protecting plate is controlled to support the roadway top plate, after the fixing is completed, the other leading hydraulic support in the same group is operated to complete the operation, the remaining two groups of leading hydraulic supports are reasonably arranged in sequence, the two groups are tightly connected, and a too large gap cannot be reserved; the control and operation system of the hydraulic bracket is manual hydraulic pilot control.
4. The forepoling method for the special-shaped roadway according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the third step, the support process of the single hydraulic prop is divided into three processes of prop lifting, primary support and bearing and pressure stabilization, high-pressure liquid of a pump station is injected into the inner cavity of the single hydraulic prop by using a liquid injection gun, the prop is gradually lifted until a top cover of the prop supports the hinged top beam and is tightly attached to a top plate of a working face, and the hydraulic prop reaches a bearing state; along with the gradual increase of the load on the hydraulic prop, the high-pressure liquid in the inner cavity overflows, and the prop descends to some extent, so that the bearing and pressure stabilizing state is achieved.
5. The hydraulic support for the forepoling method of the special-shaped roadway, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the advanced hydraulic support comprises a metal structural part and a hydraulic system, and is distributed in bilateral symmetry.
6. The hydraulic support for the forepoling method of the special-shaped roadway according to claim 5, wherein the hydraulic support comprises: the metal structural part comprises a top beam (1), a base (2), a hinged beam (3), a telescopic sleeve (4), a forward extending beam (5), a wall protecting plate (6) and a counterweight plate (7);
the front end of the top beam (1) is hinged with a telescopic front extension beam (5), the side of the top beam (1) is hinged with a freely rotatable wall protection plate (6), and the top connection position is reached by adjusting the rotation angle of the wall protection plate (6); the top beam (1) is of a variable cross-section box-shaped structure, plays a role of supporting a top plate and is a main bearing part of the hydraulic support;
the upper end of the telescopic sleeve (4) is hinged with the hinged beam (3), the lower end of the telescopic sleeve is hinged with the base (2), so that the hydraulic advance support realizes lifting movement, the telescopic sleeve (4) is matched with the upright column (8) to realize adjustment of a top beam supporting angle, and the hydraulic advance support can realize optimal top contact facing various roadways; the hinged beam (3) is hinged with the left top beam and the right top beam of the hydraulic support to form a single-support double-top-beam structure; the counterweight plate (7) is connected with the upright post (8) through a pin shaft (14) to play a role in balancing the hydraulic support;
the base (2) is connected with the top beam (1) through an upright post (8); the base (2) adopts a box structure, transmits the pressure of a top plate born by the support to a bottom plate, and is an important bearing part of the hydraulic support.
7. The hydraulic support for the forepoling method of the special-shaped roadway according to claim 5, wherein the hydraulic support comprises: the hydraulic system comprises a vertical column (8), a frame moving jack (9), a forward extending beam jack (10), a dado plate jack (11), a bottom lifting jack (12) and a bottom adjusting jack (13);
the upright columns (8) adopt double telescopic upright columns, the top beam (1) is connected with the base (2), and the telescopic sleeves (4) are matched to complete the jacking operation of the advanced hydraulic support;
the cylinder bottom of the frame moving jack (9) is connected with the front end of the base (2), and the head of the piston rod is connected with the base of the previous hydraulic support through a connector and used for pulling and moving the hydraulic support;
the front end of the front extension beam jack (10) is connected with the front extension beam (5) through a guide shaft, and the rear end of the front extension beam jack is hinged with the front side of the top beam (1) and used for controlling the extension and recovery of the front extension beam (5);
the front end of the dado plate jack (11) is connected with the dado plate (6), and the rear end of the dado plate jack is connected with the connecting seats on the two sides of the top beam (1) and used for controlling the lifting and falling of the dado plate (6) and controlling the rotation angle of the dado plate.
8. The hydraulic support for the forepoling method of the special-shaped roadway according to claim 5, wherein the hydraulic support comprises: the two frames of the advanced hydraulic support are used in a matched manner in groups, connecting hinge points are arranged on two sides of a base (2) of the advanced hydraulic support, and the rear part of the base of the front frame is connected with the front part of the base of the rear frame through a frame moving jack (9) and a connector (18) so as to realize the frame moving function; adjusting the number of groups of the advanced hydraulic supports according to the length of the reinforced support section of the gateway; the front and the rear frames can be supported by each other by adopting a double-support structure, the stability of the supports is improved, and the safety and the stability of the frame moving process can be ensured by the mutual supporting action between the supports.
9. The hydraulic support for the forepoling method of the special-shaped roadway according to claim 5, wherein the hydraulic support comprises: the support height of the advanced hydraulic support is 1.6-3.0 m, the initial support force is 2 multiplied by 2116kN, the average support strength is 0.4MPa, the moving stroke is 1300mm, the moving thrust/tension is 802/445kN, the working resistance is 2 multiplied by 3200kN, the angle of the top beam changes from minus 35 degrees to plus 35 degrees, the angle of the wall protection plate changes from 0 degree to plus 180 degrees, and the extension range of the front extension beam is 0-1092 mm.
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| CN113882888A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Double-door efficient and rapid circulating self-moving anchor support integrated equipment and control method |
| CN113944493A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-18 | 晋能控股装备制造集团金鼎山西煤机有限责任公司 | Transportation method for two special end supports in group |
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| CN113944493A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-18 | 晋能控股装备制造集团金鼎山西煤机有限责任公司 | Transportation method for two special end supports in group |
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| CN113882888B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2024-04-19 | 安徽理工大学 | Double-door type efficient and rapid circulation self-moving anchor supporting integrated equipment and control method |
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| CN117823197A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-05 | 徐州华东机械有限公司 | Three-column roadway advanced hydraulic support |
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