CN113338458A - 一种阻燃型eps保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃型eps保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种阻燃型EPS保温板及其制备方法,包括阻燃板体和耐火涂层,所述耐火涂层包裹在阻燃板体表面,所述阻燃板体以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯100‑150份、水泥20‑30份、增强剂5‑10份、增稠剂3‑6份、阻燃剂5‑10份和分散剂2‑5份,所述耐火涂层以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂80‑100份、硅油40‑50份、碳化硅20‑30份、稀土2‑5份、碳纤维1‑3份和粘接剂10‑20份。通过对聚苯乙烯进行改性,降低聚苯乙烯的燃烧性能,并通过阻燃剂等助剂发泡形成阻燃板体,再通过涂抹耐火涂层,提高耐火性能,使得保温板在高温下保持良好硬度和强度,避免软化产生熔滴,制备方法简单,具有推广和使用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保温板技术领域,具体为一种阻燃型EPS保温板及其制备方法。
背景技术
在推广建筑节能的大背景下,所有建筑都须达到相应的节能标准,目前采用的保温材料中,约有80%是有机的可燃材料,外墙外保温系统是以防火性能较差的薄抹灰有机保温系统材料为主,保温板都是直接通过树脂发泡成型,这类材料极易燃烧,是产生外墙外保温系统防火安全性问题的起因,为此我们提出一种阻燃型EPS保温板及其制备方法用于解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃型EPS保温板及其制备方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种阻燃型EPS保温板,包括阻燃板体1和耐火涂层2,所述耐火涂层2包裹在阻燃板体1表面,所述阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯100-150份、水泥20-30份、增强剂5-10份、增稠剂3-6份、阻燃剂5-10份和分散剂2-5份,所述耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂80-100份、硅油40-50份、碳化硅20-30份、稀土2-5份、碳纤维1-3份和粘接剂10-20份。
优选的一种实施案例,所述阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯110份、水泥23份、增强剂6份、增稠剂3份、阻燃剂5份和分散剂3份,所述耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂85份、硅油43份、碳化硅22份、稀土2份、碳纤维1份和粘接剂13份。
优选的一种实施案例,所述阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯125份、水泥25份、增强剂7份、增稠剂4份、阻燃剂7份和分散剂4份,所述耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂90份、硅油45份、碳化硅25份、稀土3份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂15份。
优选的一种实施案例,所述阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯140份、水泥28份、增强剂9份、增稠剂5份、阻燃剂9份和分散剂5份,所述耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂95份、硅油48份、碳化硅28份、稀土4份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂18份。
优选的一种实施案例,所述改性聚苯乙烯包括聚苯乙烯、四溴丁烷、抗氧剂和白云母按质量比20:5:3:6混合反应,所述增强剂为琉璃水泥、碳酸钙、硅石和硅藻土中的一种或几种。
优选的一种实施案例,所述增稠剂为羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素中一种或几种,所述分散剂为乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、硬脂酸单甘油酯,三硬脂酸甘油酯和液体石蜡中的一种或几种,所述阻燃剂为磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯、六溴环十二烷、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、三(2,3-二溴丙基)异三聚氰酸酯、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、十溴二苯乙烷、十溴二苯醚和硼酸锌中一种或几种。
优选的一种实施案例,所述热固性树脂为环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯、双马来酰胺和热固性聚酰亚胺中的一种或几种,所述粘接剂为氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶和过氯乙烯树脂中的一种或几种。
一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、聚苯乙烯改性
将白云母和聚苯乙烯粒子进行干燥,然后将干燥后的白云母与聚苯乙烯粒子按质量比例混合添加到混炼机中,再加入四溴丁烷和抗氧剂进行混炼,混炼后将混合物添加到双螺杆挤出机中进行挤出造粒,即得改性聚苯乙烯,待用;
S2、耐火涂料制备
将碳化硅、稀土材料研磨成粉末状,将粉末原料加入热固性树脂及硅油中加热搅拌,加热混合搅拌的加热温度为150-220℃,边搅拌边加入碳纤维和粘接剂,添加速度为500-800g/min,混合结束后,冷却形成耐火涂料,待用;
S3、阻燃板体发泡
将改性聚苯乙烯颗粒喂入发泡机内进行发泡、熟化,然后按配比与水泥、增强剂、增稠剂、阻燃剂和分散剂混合后填充放入板材成型机中,蒸汽加热,待通气结束后冷却脱模,切割得到阻燃板体;
S3、涂覆阻燃涂料
将制备的耐火涂料均匀涂布在阻燃板体表面,涂层厚度为3-6mm,烘干得到阻燃型EPS保温板。
优选的一种实施案例,步骤S1中,所述白云母的干燥条件为150℃,干燥2h;所述聚苯乙烯粒子的干燥条件为真空120℃下干燥30min;所述混炼及的混炼前辊温度为150-155℃,后辊温度为160℃,混炼时间为5-8min。
优选的一种实施案例,步骤S3中,所述改性聚苯乙烯颗粒发泡条件为蒸汽压为0.2-0.4MPa、温度为70-80℃,混合料在成型机内成型条件为95-110℃蒸汽加热,压力0.08MPa-0.15MPa。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明制备的保温板抗压性能高、干密度小、隔热性能和抗软化性能好,高温条件下阻燃性能优越,减小建筑火灾危害;
2、通过白云母对聚苯乙烯进行改性,降低聚苯乙烯的燃烧性能,并通过阻燃剂等助剂发泡形成阻燃板体,再通过涂抹耐火涂层,耐火涂层通过热固性树脂作为主体,并加入碳纤维、碳化硅和稀土,提高耐火性能,使得保温板在高温下保持良好硬度和强度,避免软化产生熔滴,制备方法简单,具有推广和使用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种阻燃型EPS保温板,包括阻燃板体1和耐火涂层2,耐火涂层2包裹在阻燃板体1表面,阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯110份、水泥23份、增强剂6份、增稠剂3份、阻燃剂5份和分散剂3份,耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂85份、硅油43份、碳化硅22份、稀土2份、碳纤维1份和粘接剂13份。
进一步的,改性聚苯乙烯包括聚苯乙烯、四溴丁烷、抗氧剂和白云母按质量比20:5:3:6混合反应,增强剂为琉璃水泥。
进一步的,增稠剂为甲基纤维素,分散剂为乙烯基双硬脂酰胺,阻燃剂为磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯。
进一步的,热固性树脂为环氧树脂,粘接剂为氯丁橡胶。
一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、聚苯乙烯改性
将白云母和聚苯乙烯粒子进行干燥,然后将干燥后的白云母与聚苯乙烯粒子按质量比例混合添加到混炼机中,再加入四溴丁烷和抗氧剂进行混炼,混炼后将混合物添加到双螺杆挤出机中进行挤出造粒,即得改性聚苯乙烯,待用;
S2、耐火涂料制备
将碳化硅、稀土材料研磨成粉末状,将粉末原料加入热固性树脂及硅油中加热搅拌,加热混合搅拌的加热温度为150-220℃,边搅拌边加入碳纤维和粘接剂,添加速度为500-800g/min,混合结束后,冷却形成耐火涂料,待用;
S3、阻燃板体发泡
将改性聚苯乙烯颗粒喂入发泡机内进行发泡、熟化,然后按配比与水泥、增强剂、增稠剂、阻燃剂和分散剂混合后填充放入板材成型机中,蒸汽加热,待通气结束后冷却脱模,切割得到阻燃板体;
S3、涂覆阻燃涂料
将制备的耐火涂料均匀涂布在阻燃板体表面,涂层厚度为3-6mm,烘干得到阻燃型EPS保温板。
进一步的,步骤S1中,白云母的干燥条件为150℃,干燥2h;聚苯乙烯粒子的干燥条件为真空120℃下干燥30min;混炼及的混炼前辊温度为150-155℃,后辊温度为160℃,混炼时间为5-8min。
进一步的,步骤S3中,改性聚苯乙烯颗粒发泡条件为蒸汽压为0.2-0.4MPa、温度为70-80℃,混合料在成型机内成型条件为95-110℃蒸汽加热,压力0.08MPa-0.15MPa。
实施例2
请参阅图1,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种阻燃型EPS保温板,包括阻燃板体1和耐火涂层2,耐火涂层2包裹在阻燃板体1表面,阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯125份、水泥25份、增强剂7份、增稠剂4份、阻燃剂7份和分散剂4份,耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂90份、硅油45份、碳化硅25份、稀土3份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂15份。
进一步的,改性聚苯乙烯包括聚苯乙烯、四溴丁烷、抗氧剂和白云母按质量比20:5:3:6混合反应,增强剂为碳酸钙。
进一步的,增稠剂为羟丙基纤维素,分散剂为三硬脂酸甘油酯,阻燃剂为三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐。
进一步的,热固性树脂为双马来酰胺,粘接剂为丁腈橡胶。
一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、聚苯乙烯改性
将白云母和聚苯乙烯粒子进行干燥,然后将干燥后的白云母与聚苯乙烯粒子按质量比例混合添加到混炼机中,再加入四溴丁烷和抗氧剂进行混炼,混炼后将混合物添加到双螺杆挤出机中进行挤出造粒,即得改性聚苯乙烯,待用;
S2、耐火涂料制备
将碳化硅、稀土材料研磨成粉末状,将粉末原料加入热固性树脂及硅油中加热搅拌,加热混合搅拌的加热温度为150-220℃,边搅拌边加入碳纤维和粘接剂,添加速度为500-800g/min,混合结束后,冷却形成耐火涂料,待用;
S3、阻燃板体发泡
将改性聚苯乙烯颗粒喂入发泡机内进行发泡、熟化,然后按配比与水泥、增强剂、增稠剂、阻燃剂和分散剂混合后填充放入板材成型机中,蒸汽加热,待通气结束后冷却脱模,切割得到阻燃板体;
S3、涂覆阻燃涂料
将制备的耐火涂料均匀涂布在阻燃板体表面,涂层厚度为3-6mm,烘干得到阻燃型EPS保温板。
进一步的,步骤S1中,白云母的干燥条件为150℃,干燥2h;聚苯乙烯粒子的干燥条件为真空120℃下干燥30min;混炼及的混炼前辊温度为150-155℃,后辊温度为160℃,混炼时间为5-8min。
进一步的,步骤S3中,改性聚苯乙烯颗粒发泡条件为蒸汽压为0.2-0.4MPa、温度为70-80℃,混合料在成型机内成型条件为95-110℃蒸汽加热,压力0.08MPa-0.15MPa。
实施例3
请参阅图1,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种阻燃型EPS保温板,包括阻燃板体1和耐火涂层2,耐火涂层2包裹在阻燃板体1表面,阻燃板体1以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯140份、水泥28份、增强剂9份、增稠剂5份、阻燃剂9份和分散剂5份,耐火涂层2以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂95份、硅油48份、碳化硅28份、稀土4份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂18份。
进一步的,改性聚苯乙烯包括聚苯乙烯、四溴丁烷、抗氧剂和白云母按质量比20:5:3:6混合反应,增强剂为硅藻土。
进一步的,增稠剂为羟乙基纤维素,分散剂为乙烯基双硬脂酰胺,阻燃剂为磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯。
进一步的,热固性树脂为热固性聚酰亚胺,粘接剂为过氯乙烯树脂。
一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、聚苯乙烯改性
将白云母和聚苯乙烯粒子进行干燥,然后将干燥后的白云母与聚苯乙烯粒子按质量比例混合添加到混炼机中,再加入四溴丁烷和抗氧剂进行混炼,混炼后将混合物添加到双螺杆挤出机中进行挤出造粒,即得改性聚苯乙烯,待用;
S2、耐火涂料制备
将碳化硅、稀土材料研磨成粉末状,将粉末原料加入热固性树脂及硅油中加热搅拌,加热混合搅拌的加热温度为150-220℃,边搅拌边加入碳纤维和粘接剂,添加速度为500-800g/min,混合结束后,冷却形成耐火涂料,待用;
S3、阻燃板体发泡
将改性聚苯乙烯颗粒喂入发泡机内进行发泡、熟化,然后按配比与水泥、增强剂、增稠剂、阻燃剂和分散剂混合后填充放入板材成型机中,蒸汽加热,待通气结束后冷却脱模,切割得到阻燃板体;
S3、涂覆阻燃涂料
将制备的耐火涂料均匀涂布在阻燃板体表面,涂层厚度为3-6mm,烘干得到阻燃型EPS保温板。
进一步的,步骤S1中,白云母的干燥条件为150℃,干燥2h;聚苯乙烯粒子的干燥条件为真空120℃下干燥30min;混炼及的混炼前辊温度为150-155℃,后辊温度为160℃,混炼时间为5-8min。
进一步的,步骤S3中,改性聚苯乙烯颗粒发泡条件为蒸汽压为0.2-0.4MPa、温度为70-80℃,混合料在成型机内成型条件为95-110℃蒸汽加热,压力0.08MPa-0.15MPa。
现对本发明实施例制得的保温板进行性能测试,其结果如下
由实验结果显示,本发明制备的阻燃型EPS保温板性能具有以下优点:
1、抗压强度高,平均大于0.35MPa;
2、干密度小,平均密度小于150kg/m3;
3、导热系数小,平均导热系数小于0.5W/m·K,具有良好的隔热阻燃性能;
4、软化系数大,平均大于0.85,保温板受热后强度高,不易软化,保持优良性能。
综上所述,本发明通过白云母对聚苯乙烯进行改性,降低聚苯乙烯的燃烧性能,并通过阻燃剂等助剂发泡形成阻燃板体,再通过涂抹耐火涂层,耐火涂层通过热固性树脂作为主体,并加入碳纤维、碳化硅和稀土,提高耐火性能,使得保温板在高温下保持良好硬度和强度,避免软化产生熔滴。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种阻燃型EPS保温板,包括阻燃板体(1)和耐火涂层(2),其特征在于,所述耐火涂层(2)包裹在阻燃板体(1)表面,所述阻燃板体(1)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯100-150份、水泥20-30份、增强剂5-10份、增稠剂3-6份、阻燃剂5-10份和分散剂2-5份,所述耐火涂层(2)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂80-100份、硅油40-50份、碳化硅20-30份、稀土2-5份、碳纤维1-3份和粘接剂10-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述阻燃板体(1)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯110份、水泥23份、增强剂6份、增稠剂3份、阻燃剂5份和分散剂3份,所述耐火涂层(2)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂85份、硅油43份、碳化硅22份、稀土2份、碳纤维1份和粘接剂13份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述阻燃板体(1)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯125份、水泥25份、增强剂7份、增稠剂4份、阻燃剂7份和分散剂4份,所述耐火涂层(2)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂90份、硅油45份、碳化硅25份、稀土3份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂15份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述阻燃板体(1)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:改性聚苯乙烯140份、水泥28份、增强剂9份、增稠剂5份、阻燃剂9份和分散剂5份,所述耐火涂层(2)以重量份计,其原料组成包括:热固性树脂95份、硅油48份、碳化硅28份、稀土4份、碳纤维2份和粘接剂18份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述改性聚苯乙烯包括聚苯乙烯、四溴丁烷、抗氧剂和白云母按质量比20:5:3:6混合反应,所述增强剂为琉璃水泥、碳酸钙、硅石和硅藻土中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述增稠剂为羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素中一种或几种,所述分散剂为乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、硬脂酸单甘油酯,三硬脂酸甘油酯和液体石蜡中的一种或几种,所述阻燃剂为磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯、六溴环十二烷、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、三(2,3-二溴丙基)异三聚氰酸酯、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐、十溴二苯乙烷、十溴二苯醚和硼酸锌中一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板,其特征在于:所述热固性树脂为环氧树脂、聚酯树脂、乙烯基酯、双马来酰胺和热固性聚酰亚胺中的一种或几种,所述粘接剂为氯丁橡胶、丁腈橡胶和过氯乙烯树脂中的一种或几种。
8.一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、聚苯乙烯改性
将白云母和聚苯乙烯粒子进行干燥,然后将干燥后的白云母与聚苯乙烯粒子按质量比例混合添加到混炼机中,再加入四溴丁烷和抗氧剂进行混炼,混炼后将混合物添加到双螺杆挤出机中进行挤出造粒,即得改性聚苯乙烯,待用;
S2、耐火涂料制备
将碳化硅、稀土材料研磨成粉末状,将粉末原料加入热固性树脂及硅油中加热搅拌,加热混合搅拌的加热温度为150-220℃,边搅拌边加入碳纤维和粘接剂,添加速度为500-800g/min,混合结束后,冷却形成耐火涂料,待用;
S3、阻燃板体发泡
将改性聚苯乙烯颗粒喂入发泡机内进行发泡、熟化,然后按配比与水泥、增强剂、增稠剂、阻燃剂和分散剂混合后填充放入板材成型机中,蒸汽加热,待通气结束后冷却脱模,切割得到阻燃板体;
S3、涂覆阻燃涂料
将制备的耐火涂料均匀涂布在阻燃板体表面,涂层厚度为3-6mm,烘干得到阻燃型EPS保温板。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S1中,所述白云母的干燥条件为150℃,干燥2h;所述聚苯乙烯粒子的干燥条件为真空120℃下干燥30min;所述混炼及的混炼前辊温度为150-155℃,后辊温度为160℃,混炼时间为5-8min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃型EPS保温板的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,所述改性聚苯乙烯颗粒发泡条件为蒸汽压为0.2-0.4MPa、温度为70-80℃,混合料在成型机内成型条件为95-110℃蒸汽加热,压力0.08MPa-0.15MPa。
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