CN113337878A - Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof - Google Patents
Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113337878A CN113337878A CN202110585708.8A CN202110585708A CN113337878A CN 113337878 A CN113337878 A CN 113337878A CN 202110585708 A CN202110585708 A CN 202110585708A CN 113337878 A CN113337878 A CN 113337878A
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- cooler
- single crystal
- directional solidification
- temperature field
- chilling
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 206010014970 Ephelides Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000003351 Melanosis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/003—Heating or cooling of the melt or the crystallised material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/52—Alloys
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blades, which comprises an annular chilling plate, a ceramic die shell and a cooling device, wherein the annular chilling plate is arranged at the bottom of the ceramic die shell; the chilling disc pull ring is connected with the annular chilling disc and is connected with an external chilling disc moving mechanism to realize the independent movement of the annular chilling disc; the cooler is arranged at the upper part of the annular chilling plate and can move up and down; and the cooler drawing rod is connected to the cooler, sleeved in the chilling disc drawing ring and connected with an external cooler moving mechanism, so that the cooler can independently move in the cooler relative to the ceramic formwork. The device utilizes vacuum radiation heat dissipation to take away heat of the 'negative side' of the blade body and improve the cooling speed, thereby optimizing the overall temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of preparation of single crystal high-temperature alloy, and particularly relates to a seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blades and application thereof.
Background
The high-pressure turbine blade is a core hot end part of an aircraft engine, and the temperature bearing capacity of the high-pressure turbine blade is an important index of the advanced degree of the engine. With the rapid development of the modern aviation industry, the high-temperature performance of the high-pressure turbine blade is required to be higher and higher. Existing studies have shown that: directional solidification, film cooling and thermal barrier coatings are the primary means of improving high temperature performance of high pressure turbine blades. In the directional solidification process, the superalloy melt is poured into a heated ceramic form and then pulled out of the furnace along with the form. In the process, heat is continuously dissipated through the chilling plate at the bottom and the side part of the mould shell, so that the high-temperature alloy melt obtains a positive temperature gradient, and the casting is sequentially solidified from the bottom to the top to finally obtain the cast single crystal blade.
At present, a single crystal furnace, a mould shell heating furnace and a chilling plate which are adopted in industrial production respectively adopt a cylindrical structure and a circular structure, correspondingly, a blade ceramic mould shell group also adopts a circular structure, and blades are uniformly distributed on a base plate of the ceramic mould shell group in an annular shape. The arrangement mode ensures that the cooling conditions on two sides of the blade body of the blade are seriously asymmetric, the cooling speed of one side (the positive surface) of the blade body facing the cooling ring is higher, and the cooling speed of one side (the negative surface) of the blade body facing away from the cooling ring is lower, so that the uniformity of a temperature field in a high-temperature alloy melt is damaged, the stability of a solid-liquid two-phase region is deteriorated, and the occurrence probability of defects such as mixed crystals, freckles and the like in the cast blade is increased, thereby seriously influencing the quality of the cast single crystal blade.
In order to improve the temperature field distribution in the directional solidification process of the single crystal blade, in the process of preparing the ceramic die shell of the single crystal blade, the patent CN 102166643A presets the U-shaped ceramic fiber heat-insulating block in the die shell at the edge of the blade flange plate, and the method can reasonably reduce the cooling speed and the supercooling degree at the edge of the blade flange plate by utilizing the characteristic of lower heat conductivity of the high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber heat-insulating block.
Similarly, in patent CN 101537484A, a graphite or SiC heat-conducting block is implanted into a portion of the mold shell where thermal barrier is likely to occur, and the cooling speed at the junction of the blade body and the edge plate is enhanced by the heat-conducting block. Although the method can improve the temperature field of directional solidification of the single crystal blade to a certain extent, the method has a limited action area and greatly increases the complexity of the preparation process of the ceramic mold shell group, so the method is not applied to industrial production.
Patent CN 110170636A invented a casting equipment capable of improving the solidification condition of single crystal blade, said equipment adopts rectangular heater and cooler, and correspondingly, the blade shell mould is in-line distributed on the cooler, said method can make both sides of every blade in the heater directly face the heater and cooler with nearest distance, and can be subjected to identical heating condition and heat-dissipating condition so as to attain the goal of improving solidification condition, raising temp. gradient, reducing casting defect and raising yield and quality of single crystal blade. However, if the method is adopted, the production unit not only needs to purchase a new single crystal furnace again, but also needs to make great adjustment on the production line and the manufacturing process of the ceramic mould shell, so the method is difficult to realize in a short time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the single crystal blade has casting defects such as mixed crystals, freckles and the like due to the fact that a temperature field cannot be well controlled in the casting process of the existing single crystal blade, and provides a seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade comprises:
the annular chilling plate is arranged at the bottom of the ceramic mould shell;
the chilling disc pull ring is connected with the annular chilling disc and is connected with an external chilling disc moving mechanism to realize the independent movement of the annular chilling disc;
the cooler is arranged at the upper part of the annular chilling plate and can move up and down;
and the cooler drawing rod is connected to the cooler, sleeved in the chilling disc drawing ring and connected with an external cooler moving mechanism, so that the cooler can independently move in the cooler relative to the ceramic formwork.
When the device works, the moving speeds of the annular chilling disc and the cooler are respectively set, the high-temperature alloy melt is poured into the ceramic mould shell, the annular chilling disc drags the high-temperature alloy melt and the ceramic mould shell to move together from the heating furnace to the cold area of the cooler, the heat of the negative surface of the blade body is taken away by utilizing the vacuum radiation heat dissipation, and the cooling speed is improved, so that the overall temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade is optimized.
Furthermore, the interior of the annular chilling plate and the interior of the cooler are both provided with independent cooling water flow channels for respectively cooling the annular chilling plate and the cooling plate.
Furthermore, a plurality of cooling water pipes are annularly distributed in a cooling water flow channel of the annular chilling plate, so that the surface temperature of the annular chilling plate is consistent;
further, the shape of the cooler is designed according to the distribution form of the blades in the ceramic die set in a targeted mode.
Further, the cooler is cylindrical, petal-shaped or polygonal, so that the area of vacuum radiation heat dissipation is increased as much as possible, and the cooling speed is increased.
Furthermore, the annular chilling disc pull ring and the vacuum hearth are sealed by a sealing ring.
Furthermore, the drawing rod of the cooler and the inner wall of the drawing ring of the chilling disc are sealed by a sealing ring;
furthermore, a double-sealing ring is adopted between the drawing rod of the cooler and the inner wall of the drawing ring of the chilling disc to seal, so that vacuum air leakage is prevented;
further, when the annular chilling plate moves, the cooler is kept still or moves in a reverse direction;
the moving speed of the cooler moving mechanism can realize curve movement, and the moving speed is conveniently adjusted according to the specific heat dissipation area of the 'shadow side' of the blade body;
the seeding device is used for casting the single crystal blade, and the specific method comprises the following steps: before the directional solidification starts, the moving speed of an annular chilling plate and a cooler is set, a high-temperature alloy melt is poured into a ceramic mould shell, the ceramic mould shell is dragged to move from a heating furnace to a cold area of the cooler by the annular chilling plate, the heat of the negative surface of the blade body of the single crystal blade is taken away by utilizing the vacuum radiation heat dissipation, and the cooling speed of the blade body is improved, so that the whole temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade is optimized, the curvature of an isothermal line is reduced, a curve is straightened, the temperature gradient of the front edge of a solid-liquid interface is improved, the casting defects of mixed crystals, freckles and the like are reduced, and the casting quality and the casting qualification rate of the single crystal blade are improved.
The core of the invention is that after the directional solidification starts, the annular chilling plate can drag the high-temperature alloy melt and the ceramic mould shell to move from the heating furnace to the cold area together, the cylindrical cooler can keep still or move in a reverse direction, the heat of the negative surface of the blade body is taken away by utilizing the vacuum radiation heat dissipation, and the cooling speed is improved, thereby optimizing the integral temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade.
Compared with other methods, the method can improve the shape of a solid-liquid interface in the directional solidification process of the single crystal blade, so that the curvature of an isothermal line is reduced, a curve is straightened, and the temperature gradient of the front edge of the solid-liquid interface can be improved, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the casting defects of mixed crystals, freckles and the like, and improving the casting quality and the casting yield of the single crystal blade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional directional solidification process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a seeding structure for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a working principle diagram of the seeding structure for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade according to the invention.
In the figure: an annular chilling disc 21, a chilling disc pulling ring 22, a cooler 23, a cooler pulling rod 24 and a ceramic mould shell 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional directional solidification process, in which a temperature field is not uniform due to poor heat dissipation of a 'negative surface' of a blade body in the solidification process, and to solve the problem, the invention provides a seeding device which can optimize directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade by enhancing vacuum radiation heat dissipation of the 'negative surface' of a mold shell as shown in FIG. 2.
Referring to fig. 2, the seeding device mainly comprises an annular chilling plate 21, a chilling plate pulling ring 22, a chilling plate moving mechanism, a cooler 23, a cooler pulling rod 24 and a cooler moving mechanism, wherein the chilling plate moving mechanism and the cooler moving mechanism are not shown in the figure. Independent cooling water flow channels are arranged in the annular chilling plate 21 and the cooler 23 respectively to cool the annular chilling plate and the cooling plate; the annular chilling disc pull ring 22 and the vacuum hearth are sealed by a sealing ring, and the cooler pull rod 24 and the inner wall of the chilling disc pull ring 22 are sealed by the sealing ring; the annular chilling disc 21 is connected with the chilling disc moving mechanism through a chilling disc pull ring 22 to realize independent movement of the annular chilling disc; the cooler 23 is connected with a cooler moving mechanism through a cooler drawing rod 24, so that the cooler can move independently.
In an advantageous and preferred embodiment, the cooling water channel of the annular chilling plate is designed to be annularly distributed by adopting a plurality of cooling water pipes, so that the surface temperature of the annular chilling plate is ensured to be consistent.
In an advantageous and preferred embodiment, the specific shape design of the cooler can be designed specifically according to the distribution form of the blades in the ceramic mold set, such as a petal shape or a polygon shape, so as to increase the area of the vacuum radiation heat dissipation as much as possible and increase the cooling speed.
In a preferred embodiment, a double-sealing ring is adopted for sealing between the drawing rod of the cooler and the inner wall of the drawing column of the chilling disc, so that vacuum air leakage is prevented.
In an optimal and preferred embodiment, the moving speed of the cooler moving mechanism can realize curve movement, and the moving speed is conveniently adjusted according to the specific heat dissipation area of the 'shadow' of the blade body.
In this embodiment, before the start of directional solidification, the moving speeds of the annular chill plate 21 and the cooler 23 are set, respectively, and then the superalloy melt is poured into the ceramic mold shell 3. After that, the annular chilling plate can drag the high-temperature alloy melt and the ceramic mould shell 3 to move together from the heating furnace to the cooling area, the cylindrical cooler can keep still or move in a reverse direction, and the heat of the 'negative surface' of the blade body is taken away by utilizing the vacuum radiation heat dissipation and the cooling speed is improved, so that the whole temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade is optimized.
The invention can improve the shape of the solid-liquid interface in the directional solidification process of the single crystal blade, so that the curvature of an isothermal line is reduced, a curve is straightened, and the temperature gradient at the front edge of the solid-liquid interface can be improved, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing the casting defects of mixed crystals, freckles and the like and improving the casting quality and the casting qualification rate of the single crystal blade.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade is characterized by comprising:
the annular chilling plate (21) is arranged at the bottom of the ceramic mould shell;
the chilling disc pulling ring (22) is connected to the annular chilling disc (21) and is connected with an external chilling disc moving mechanism to realize independent movement of the annular chilling disc (21);
a cooler (23) which is provided above the annular chilling plate (21) and can move up and down;
and the cooler drawing rod (24) is connected to the cooler (23), sleeved in the chilling disc drawing ring (22) and connected with an external cooler moving mechanism, so that the cooler (24) can independently move in the cooler relative to the ceramic formwork.
2. A seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blades according to claim 1, wherein the annular chilling plate (21) and the cooler (23) are provided with independent cooling water flow channels inside.
3. The seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blades as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooling water flow channel of the annular chilling disc (21) is annularly distributed by adopting a plurality of cooling water pipes.
4. A seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the cooler (23) is designed according to the distribution form of the blade in the ceramic die set.
5. A seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of a single crystal blade according to claim 4, wherein the cooler (23) is cylindrical, petal-shaped or polygonal.
6. The seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade according to claim 1, wherein the annular chilling disc pulling ring (22) is sealed with a vacuum furnace chamber by a sealing ring.
7. The seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade according to claim 1, wherein the cooler drawing rod (24) and the inner wall of the chilling disc drawing ring (22) are sealed by a sealing ring.
8. The seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade according to claim 7, wherein a double-sealing ring is adopted for sealing between the cooler drawing rod (24) and the inner wall of the chilling disc drawing ring (22).
9. A seeding apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the cooler is held stationary or moved in a retrograde direction while the annular chilling disc is moved.
10. The application of the seeding device for optimizing the directional solidification temperature field distribution of the single crystal blade as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the seeding device is used for casting the single crystal blade, and the specific method comprises the following steps: before the directional solidification starts, the moving speed of the annular chilling plate and the cooler is set, the high-temperature alloy melt is poured into the ceramic mould shell, the ceramic mould shell is dragged to move from the heating furnace to the cold area of the cooler by the annular chilling plate, the heat of the negative surface of the blade body of the single crystal blade is taken away by utilizing the vacuum radiation heat dissipation, and the cooling speed of the blade body is improved, so that the integral temperature field in the directional solidification process of the blade is optimized, the curvature of an isothermal line is reduced, the curve is straightened, and the temperature gradient of the front edge of a solid-liquid interface is improved.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110585708.8A CN113337878A (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2021-05-27 | Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110585708.8A CN113337878A (en) | 2021-05-27 | 2021-05-27 | Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001278694A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2001-10-10 | Komatsu Electronic Metals Co Ltd | Manufacturing equipment and method of single crystal ingot |
| CN102191542A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-09-21 | 张森 | Equipment and method for preparing high-purity directionally crystallized polysilicon |
| CN103192063A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
| CN107385513A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of directional solidification furnace is heated with center and central cooling device |
| JP2018024565A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-02-15 | 伸 阿久津 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing single crystal |
| CN110315033A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Ceramic shell mould and its manufacturing method for casting single crystal blade |
| CN112553682A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Parallel heating and cooling device for directional solidification casting of single crystal blade |
-
2021
- 2021-05-27 CN CN202110585708.8A patent/CN113337878A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001278694A (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2001-10-10 | Komatsu Electronic Metals Co Ltd | Manufacturing equipment and method of single crystal ingot |
| CN102191542A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-09-21 | 张森 | Equipment and method for preparing high-purity directionally crystallized polysilicon |
| CN103192063A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-07-10 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
| JP2018024565A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-02-15 | 伸 阿久津 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing single crystal |
| CN107385513A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of directional solidification furnace is heated with center and central cooling device |
| CN110315033A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Ceramic shell mould and its manufacturing method for casting single crystal blade |
| CN112553682A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Parallel heating and cooling device for directional solidification casting of single crystal blade |
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Application publication date: 20210903 |