CN103192063A - Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof - Google Patents
Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103192063A CN103192063A CN2013101107073A CN201310110707A CN103192063A CN 103192063 A CN103192063 A CN 103192063A CN 2013101107073 A CN2013101107073 A CN 2013101107073A CN 201310110707 A CN201310110707 A CN 201310110707A CN 103192063 A CN103192063 A CN 103192063A
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Abstract
The invention provides a casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades. The casting mold is applied to a directional solidification device. The casting mold is in a cylindrical shape and comprises an inner-layer ceramic shell and an outer filling interlayer, wherein an inner cavity formed by the ceramic shell is used for pouring high temperature alloy melts to form high-temperature alloy castings, and the periphery of the ceramic shell is filled with heat conduction materials and thermal insulation materials alternately through a barrel-shaped hoarding to form a filling entity provided with a plurality of horizontal heat conduction layers and thermal insulation layers through bonding. According to the entity heat conduction casting mold process, pouring and directional solidification can be performed in the existing directional solidification furnace, all sides of blades can be evenly heated, and therefore the severe shadow effect and organizational defects caused by the shadow effect can be eliminated effectively; and the condition that cold and hot areas in the existing device are almost through is changed, closed isolation between hot areas and cold areas is achieved, reduction of heat losses is facilitated, temperature gradients in castings is increased greatly, and the optimal temperature condition for growth of single crystals is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot investment casting of high-temperature alloy part, specifically is a kind of entity heat conduction casting mold and the device for directionally solidifying of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade thereof.
Background technology
In order to improve the performance of aero-engine and industry gas turbine, the superalloy turbine blade needs to make cylindrulite or single crystal organization with the technology of directional solidification, as shown in Figure 1.Make the ceramic shell mould 3 of high temperature alloy single crystal blade for this reason earlier of the method for hot investment casting, be proof strength, ceramic shell mould 3 general thickness thicker, its thickness can reach several centimetres.The heating clamber that ceramic shell mould 3 is put into device for directionally solidifying heats, high temperature alloy sample 4 after will melting then pours in the ceramic shell mould 3, enter the mold cold house by self-powered platform 8 with slow decline of setting of speed, cause ceramic shell mould 3 cooling from bottom to top and the directional solidification of the high temperature alloy foundry goods 5 in the ceramic shell mould 3, form cylindrulite or single crystal organization.
The production technology of existing single crystal blade exists several significant drawbacks:
The one, because ceramic shell mould 3 has certain thickness, its thermal conductivity is very poor; Particularly the ceramic shell mould 3 of the large-scale blade used of heavy combustion engine is thicker, causes in this blade process of setting cooling too slow, influenced product quality.
The 2nd, be the mode heating and cooling by radiation in the device for directionally solidifying, because the directionality of radiant heat transfer, one side (cloudy side) of the heater of blade in the heating clamber can not get effective heating at hot-zone A, and arrived B(mold cold house, cold-zone) because of the effective cooling that can not get of the cooling device in the mold cold house, the curing condition very severe, cause the cloudy side of blade to concentrate and defective occurs, be called as shadow effect.
The 3rd, the blade shape complexity, changes of section is big, and ceramic shell mould 3 is in heating clamber the pull engineering from hot-zone A to cold-zone B, two intervals can't be effectively isolated, substantially be in breakthrough status, not only cause the serious of heat to scatter and disappear, more can't set up the formation that higher thermograde guarantees single crystal organization.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of casting mold and device for directionally solidifying thereof for the manufacturing of high temperature alloy single crystal blade being provided, can effectively overcoming above-mentioned drawback, is that good hot temperature condition is created in the formation of high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of casting mold for the manufacturing of high temperature alloy single crystal blade uses in device for directionally solidifying, and described casting mold is cylindrical, comprises internal layer pottery shell and the outside interlayer of filling; The internal cavities that described ceramic shell forms is used for cast high temperature alloy melt, forms the high temperature alloy foundry goods, and ceramic shell periphery utilizes barrel-shaped coaming plate alternately to fill the filling entity that Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the horizontal heat-conducting layer of multilayer and thermal insulation layer.
Described heat-conducting layer is 8～11:1 with the thickness ratio of thermal insulation layer.
Described casting mold external diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of device for directionally solidifying heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board.
Described Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.
Described heat-barrier material is ceramic size, forms ceramic thermal barrier layer behind the sintering.
The device for directionally solidifying of the described casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, described heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutual heat insulation vacuum chamber, be provided with self-powered platform and casting mold in the described vacuum cavity, in the ceramic shell of casting mold the high temperature alloy sample be housed; Cooling device in the described mold cold house is the water collar that corresponding casting mold outer peripheral face arranges.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is:
Entity heat conduction foundry processing of the present invention can effectively overcome the significant drawbacks that existing production technology exists, for good hot temperature condition is created in the formation of high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
Entity casting mold of the present invention can be poured into a mould and directional solidification in existing directional solidification furnace.Heat-conducting layer in the casting mold has the fabulous capacity of heat transmission, can make each side of blade be subjected to heating more uniformly, thereby can effectively eliminate the tissue defects of the serious shadow effect of consequence and initiation thereof.Because the outside is full of by abundant entity casting mold, the internal layer ceramic case can be done very thinly, and much smaller than the thickness of common formwork, and the thermal resistance of heat-conducting layer can be ignored, thereby the horizontal thermal resistance of whole casting mold reduces greatly than common formwork.Horizontal thin layers of ceramic in the casting mold plays a part thermal insulation layer, makes the heat along continuous straight runs of hot-zone import metal casting into, derives vertically downward in foundry goods, rather than directly passes to the cold-zone from casting mold.Can improve the thermograde of vertical direction in the foundry goods so greatly.
The column type profile of entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention and the thermal insulation board of annular can form and be close to gapless coupling.Changed the situation that almost completely connects between the cold and hot district in the current device, made the heat of hot-zone almost can't realize effectively completely cutting off between hot-zone and the cold-zone by scattering and disappearing under the radiation direction.Horizontal ceramic thermal barrier layer in the casting mold has stopped that the vertical of heat passes down.It is lost that these all are conducive to reduce heat, the more important thing is and can improve thermograde in the foundry goods greatly, forms the optimal heat temperature condition of crystal growth.
The water collar that adopts the column type profile with the heat conduction casting mold to be complementary at the cooling device in the mold cold house in the device for directionally solidifying of entity heat conduction casting mold particular design of the present invention, be very suitable for the cooling of entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention, be beneficial to the formation of high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the directional solidification processes schematic diagram of existing high temperature alloy single crystal blade;
Fig. 2 is that entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention is made schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is entity heat conduction casting mold directional solidification schematic diagram;
Number in the figure is represented: 1, heater, 2, heat-insulation layer, 3, ceramic shell mould, 4, high temperature alloy melt, 5, the high temperature alloy foundry goods, 6, annular thermal insulation board, 7, water collar, 8, self-powered platform, 9, depositing funnel, 10, blade wax-pattern, 11, ceramic shell, 12, heat-conducting layer, 13, barrel-shaped coaming plate, 14, thermal insulation layer, A, hot-zone, B, cold-zone.
The specific embodiment
Shown in Fig. 2～3, the present invention is a kind of casting mold for the manufacturing of high temperature alloy single crystal blade, use in device for directionally solidifying, casting mold is the column type entity, and the external diameter of entity heat conduction casting mold is slightly less than the come out of the stove internal diameter of annular thermal insulation board 6 of oral-lateral of device for directionally solidifying heating clamber bottom.
Casting mold is cylindrical, comprises internal layer pottery shell 11 and the outside interlayer of filling.Concrete: the internal cavities that ceramic shell 11 forms is used for cast high temperature alloy melt 4, forms high temperature alloy foundry goods 5.Pottery shell 11 peripheries utilize barrel-shaped coaming plate 13 alternately to fill the filling entity that Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the horizontal heat-conducting layer 12 of multilayer and thermal insulation layer 14.Fill entity sclerosis back, remove barrel-shaped coaming plate 13, casting mold is carried out drying, dewaxing and roasting.
In this specific embodiment, heat-conducting layer 12 is about 8～11:1 with the thickness ratio of thermal insulation layer 14, and wherein preferred thickness ratio is 10 to 1.For example: the thickness of every layer of heat-conducting layer 12 is 10 to 20 millimeters, and the thickness of every layer of thermal insulation layer 14 is 1 to 2 millimeter.Namely filling entity mainly is to be made of heat-conducting layer 12, is provided with thickness very thin thermal insulation layer 14 relatively between heat-conducting layer 12.Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.Heat-barrier material is ceramic size, and for example material such as corundum, quartz forms ceramic thermal barrier layer 14 behind the sintering.Barrel-shaped coaming plate 13 available metals or plastic or other material are made, should easy assembly and disassembly, and there have certain intensity to guarantee when the filling slurry again to be indeformable.
So design, owing to be abundant filling entity outside the ceramic shell 11, intensity has obtained abundant assurance, therefore, the ceramic shell 11 among the present invention itself can be done very thinly, much smaller than the thickness of common ceramic shell mould 3.Because the heat-conducting layer 12 in the filling interlayer is made by the good conductor material of heat, its thermal resistance can be ignored, thereby the horizontal thermal resistance of whole casting mold reduces greatly than common formwork.Simultaneously, fill horizontally disposed thermal insulation layer 14 in the interlayer, make the heat along continuous straight runs of hot-zone A import high temperature alloy foundry goods 5 into, in high temperature alloy foundry goods 5, derive vertically downward, the heat that makes casting mold fill in the interlayer can directly not pass to cold-zone B in the A of hot-zone, so not only improve the thermograde of vertical direction in the high temperature alloy foundry goods 5 greatly, also reduced scattering and disappearing of heat.
The present invention is as follows for the manufacture method of the casting mold that the high temperature alloy single crystal blade is made:
1) by usual method assembling foundry goods innermost layer blade wax-pattern 10, is used for forming the foundry goods shape.
2) use common microcast process to use the method that mucilage drenches sand to make two layers of ceramic shell 11 at the outer surface of blade wax-pattern 10, form the foundry goods smooth surface.
3) ceramic shell 11 is put into the barrel-shaped container (barrel-shaped coaming plate 13) that external diameter is slightly less than heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board 6 internal diameters.
4) between ceramic shell 11 and barrel-shaped coaming plate 13, replace filling heat-conductive material (as graphite or silicon carbide slurry) and heat-barrier material (as ceramic size), form the cylindrical entity heat conduction casting mold of the sandwich construction of heat-conducting layer 12 and thermal insulation layer 14 alternate formations, up to reaching the foundry goods desired height.In this specific embodiment, the ceramic sand slurry can add emergy with common shell slurry processed and blend together, and graphite sand slurry available silicon colloidal sol is made binding agent, and graphite powder is made powder, adds graphite sand and blendes together.Wherein: every layer of slurry watered will have certain time interval to make the slurry sclerosis.
5) take coaming plate 13 apart, take out entity heat conduction casting mold, dewax after the drying and burn residual wax.
Use the present invention to be used for the casting mold device for directionally solidifying that the high temperature alloy single crystal blade is made, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutual heat insulation vacuum chamber, be provided with self-powered platform 8 and entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention in this vacuum cavity, in the ceramic shell 11 of entity heat conduction casting mold high temperature alloy sample 4 be housed.Cooling device in the mold cold house is the water collar 5 that correspondent entity heat conduction casting mold outer peripheral face arranges, and this water collar 5 is slightly larger than the external diameter of entity heat conduction casting mold around the setting of entity heat conduction casting mold, its internal diameter.
The method that the casting mold that uses the present invention to be used for the manufacturing of high temperature alloy single crystal blade carries out directional solidification is as follows:
1) by usual method entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention is installed on the self-powered platform 8 of device for directionally solidifying, entity heat conduction casting mold is risen up in the heating clamber, close fire door, vacuumize, heater 1 heating, preheating also is incubated roasting entity heat conduction casting mold.
2) the high temperature alloy sample 4 after will melting pours in the ceramic shell 11 of entity heat conduction casting mold.
3) by self-powered platform 8 ceramic shell mould 3 is dropped to the mold cold house with setting speed.
4) entity heat conduction casting mold and inner high temperature alloy sample 4 thereof are cooled off by the cooling device in the mold cold house (water collar 5), and high temperature alloy sample 4 carries out directional solidification, forms high temperature alloy foundry goods 5.
5) after high temperature alloy directional solidification process finishes, open after the mold cold house put vacuum, take out entity heat conduction casting mold, and therefrom take out high temperature alloy foundry goods 5 after the directional solidification.
If need continuous pouring, can new entity heat conduction casting mold be installed at self-powered platform 8, working cycles is next time carried out in repeating step (1)～(5).
Claims (7)
1. one kind is used for the casting mold that the high temperature alloy single crystal blade is made, and uses in device for directionally solidifying, and it is characterized in that: described casting mold is cylindrical, comprises internal layer pottery shell and the outside interlayer of filling; The internal cavities that described ceramic shell forms is used for cast high temperature alloy melt, forms the high temperature alloy foundry goods, and ceramic shell periphery utilizes barrel-shaped coaming plate alternately to fill the filling entity that Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the horizontal heat-conducting layer of multilayer and thermal insulation layer.
2. the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: internal layer is ceramic shell.
3. the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outside casting mold heat-conducting layer is 8～11:1 with the thickness ratio of thermal insulation layer.
4. the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described column type casting mold external diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of device for directionally solidifying heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board.
5. the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.
6. the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat-barrier material is ceramic size, forms ceramic thermal barrier layer behind the sintering.
7. the device for directionally solidifying of the casting mold of making for the high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, described heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutual heat insulation vacuum chamber, it is characterized in that: be provided with self-powered platform and casting mold in the described vacuum cavity, in the ceramic shell of casting mold the high temperature alloy sample be housed; Cooling device in the described mold cold house is the water collar that corresponding casting mold outer peripheral face arranges.
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| CN201310110707.3A CN103192063B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
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| CN201310110707.3A CN103192063B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
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| CN103192063B CN103192063B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103736980A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for determining laying angle of casting mold in directional solidification casting |
| CN104289674A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Precision casting method for column crystal guide vanes of gas turbine |
| CN105798230A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-27 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Wax mould module for casting gas turbine blades and assembling method thereof |
| CN107385513A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of directional solidification furnace is heated with center and central cooling device |
| CN108097877A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method for being used to inhibit monocrystal blades from having mixed crystal defects formation |
| CN109351951A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of process reducing single crystal blade platform rarefaction defect |
| CN109371457A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | The device for directionally solidifying and manufacturing equipment of single crystal casting |
| CN110170636A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-27 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | A kind of Casting Equipment improving single crystal blade curing condition |
| CN110315033A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Ceramic shell mould and its manufacturing method for casting single crystal blade |
| CN113337878A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof |
| CN114130994A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-04 | 成都航宇超合金技术有限公司 | Device and method for reducing mixed crystal defects at platform of single crystal blade |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103736980B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of method determining casting mold angles in directional solidification casting |
| CN103736980A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | Method for determining laying angle of casting mold in directional solidification casting |
| CN104289674A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Precision casting method for column crystal guide vanes of gas turbine |
| CN105798230A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-27 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Wax mould module for casting gas turbine blades and assembling method thereof |
| CN107385513B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Central heating and central cooling device for directional solidification furnace |
| CN107385513A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of directional solidification furnace is heated with center and central cooling device |
| CN108097877A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method for being used to inhibit monocrystal blades from having mixed crystal defects formation |
| CN109371457A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | The device for directionally solidifying and manufacturing equipment of single crystal casting |
| CN109351951A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of process reducing single crystal blade platform rarefaction defect |
| CN109351951B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-12-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Process method for reducing loosening defect of single crystal blade platform |
| CN110170636A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-27 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | A kind of Casting Equipment improving single crystal blade curing condition |
| CN110315033A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Ceramic shell mould and its manufacturing method for casting single crystal blade |
| CN113337878A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof |
| CN114130994A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-04 | 成都航宇超合金技术有限公司 | Device and method for reducing mixed crystal defects at platform of single crystal blade |
| CN114130994B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-12-19 | 成都航宇超合金技术有限公司 | Device and method for reducing impurity crystal defects at single crystal blade platform |
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