CN113334802B - Preparation method of variable-stiffness composite opposite wave spring - Google Patents
Preparation method of variable-stiffness composite opposite wave spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN113334802B CN113334802B CN202110543055.7A CN202110543055A CN113334802B CN 113334802 B CN113334802 B CN 113334802B CN 202110543055 A CN202110543055 A CN 202110543055A CN 113334802 B CN113334802 B CN 113334802B
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- wave spring
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- shape memory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/02—Deburring or deflashing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/774—Springs
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite opposite wave spring, which comprises the following process steps of: 1) weaving the shape memory alloy wires, basalt fibers and aramid fibers into three-dimensional cloth by adopting a three-dimensional weaving machine; 2) cutting the woven three-dimensional cloth; then impregnating the resin into the mixture to form a preformed body; 3) winding the preformed body in an inner mold cavity of a mold, closing the preformed body with an outer mold, and selecting proper temperature and mold pressure according to the curing curve of the selected resin to cure and mold the composite material wave-shaped spring; 4) post-curing and post-treating: after the composite material completes curing molding and demolding on the top wave spring, putting the top wave spring into a constant temperature box for post-curing; and after the post-curing treatment is finished, deburring and polishing the steel plate to obtain the variable-stiffness composite material counter wave spring. The wave spring prepared by the invention not only has the advantages of light weight (weight reduction is more than 40%), active rigidity change and the like, but also can obviously improve the performance of the whole system.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a preparation method of a spring, in particular to a preparation method of a variable-stiffness composite opposite-top wave spring, and belongs to the technical field of composite wave springs.
[ background of the invention ]
The wave spring has compact structure, small assembly space, large rigidity range, strong buffering and vibration absorbing capacity and larger deformation energy of materials in unit volume. Wherein, the crest of the opposite vertex wave spring is opposite to the trough, and the deformation range is bigger.
At present, the wave spring is generally made of carbon steel, and is heavy in weight and easy to rust. With the shortage of energy, the increasing severity of environmental pollution and the improvement of living standard, the idea of replacing steel with plastic gradually permeates into various researches. On the premise of the same rigidity, the composite material wave spring can be lighter than a metal wave spring by more than 40%. In addition, the composite material has inherent characteristics of high specific strength and specific modulus, no rust, certain damping and the like, so that the energy storage capacity and the vibration attenuation capacity of the composite material are better than those of a metal wave spring. The basalt fiber is low in price and more environment-friendly than metal, so that the composite material wave spring is obviously superior to a metal wave spring in comprehensive performance and has a good application prospect.
In the actual working process, the working condition of the wave spring is often complex, and different rigidity needs to be provided for the wave spring so as to ensure the performance and stability of the structure. However, the existing composite material wave spring only has a certain rigidity value and cannot adapt to the variable rigidity requirements of different working conditions.
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide an innovative method for manufacturing a top wave spring made of a variable stiffness composite material, so as to overcome the above drawbacks in the prior art.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring, which is simple in process and convenient to manufacture, and the prepared wave spring not only has the advantages of light weight (weight is reduced by more than 40%), capability of actively changing stiffness and the like, but also can remarkably improve the performance of the whole system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring comprises the following process steps:
1) weaving the shape memory alloy wires, the basalt fibers and the aramid fibers into three-dimensional cloth by a three-dimensional weaving machine according to a preset weaving scheme;
2) cutting the woven three-dimensional cloth according to the designed size; then impregnating the resin into the mixture to form a preformed body;
3) winding the preformed body in an inner mold cavity of a mold, closing the preformed body with an outer mold, and selecting proper temperature and mold pressure according to the curing curve of the selected resin to cure and mold the composite material wave-shaped spring;
4) post-curing and post-treating: after the composite material completes curing molding and demolding on the top wave spring, putting the top wave spring into a constant temperature box for post-curing; and after the post-curing treatment is finished, deburring and polishing the steel plate to obtain the variable-stiffness composite material counter wave spring.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the basalt fiber can be replaced by glass fiber.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the shape memory alloy wires are used as warp yarns to be mixed and woven, or are used as weft yarns to be mixed and woven.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 2), the resin is toughened epoxy resin, polyurethane resin or resin suitable for mould pressing, pultrusion or RTM processes.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the die is designed according to the structural size of the wave spring, and the die inner die is a detachable combined inner die.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the composite material is used for arranging a leading-out space of the shape memory alloy in the top wave spring forming die, so that the shape memory alloy is reliably connected with an external power supply.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the temperature range in the mold is as follows: 70-120 ℃, and the die pressure range is as follows: 140kPa to 2400 kPa.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material opposite-top wave spring further comprises the following steps: in the step 4), the temperature in the incubator is as follows: 120 ℃ is adopted. The temperature value is related to the curing characteristics of the resin, so that the mechanical property of the resin is optimal.
The preparation method of the variable stiffness composite material of the invention for the top wave spring further comprises the following steps: the spring body of the variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring is made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite, and shape memory alloy wires are implanted into the spring body; the shape memory alloy wire is continuous.
The preparation method of the variable-rigidity composite material for the top wave spring further comprises the following steps: the shape memory alloy wire alone or together with the heating element forms a rigidity driver; the control system can electrify and heat the rigidity driver according to rigidity requirements of different working conditions, and after the temperature of the rigidity driver reaches a required range, the internal shape memory alloy is subjected to phase change and changes the elastic modulus, so that the matching control of the composite material on the rigidity of the top wave spring under specific working conditions is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the variable-rigidity composite material adopts a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material when the counter wave spring is manufactured. On the premise of the same rigidity, the weight of the variable-rigidity composite material to the top wave spring is lighter than that of a metal top wave spring by more than 40%. In addition, the composite material has the advantages of high specific strength and specific modulus, no rust, certain damping and the like, so that the energy storage capacity and the vibration attenuation capacity of the variable-stiffness composite material to the top wave spring are better than those of a metal top wave spring. Meanwhile, the basalt fiber composite material is environment-friendly and low in price for the top wave spring.
2. The invention provides a preparation method of a variable-stiffness composite material wave spring based on shape memory alloy superelasticity effect and having an active variable-stiffness function on the basis of the existing composite material wave spring.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable stiffness composite counter wave spring manufactured by the method.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional fabric structure diagram of step 1) of the present invention, wherein 1 is that the binding yarn material is aramid fiber, 2 is that the weft yarn material is basalt fiber, 3 is that the warp yarn material is basalt fiber, and 4 is shape memory alloy wire.
Fig. 3 is a die diagram of step 3) of the present invention, wherein 5, 7, and 8 are inner die sets, 9 and 10 are outer die sets, and 6 is an inner die mandrel.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the demolding in step 4) of the present invention, that is, the inner mold mandrel 6 is taken out first, and then the other inner mold modules are taken out in sequence.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Referring to the attached drawings 1 to 4 in the specification, the invention relates to a preparation method of a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring, which comprises the following process steps:
1) and weaving the shape memory alloy wire 4, the basalt fibers 2 and 3 and the aramid fiber 1 into three-dimensional cloth by adopting a three-dimensional weaving machine according to a preset weaving scheme. The basalt fibers 2 and 3 can also be replaced by glass fibers, and are determined according to the requirements on the cost and the performance of the top wave spring. The number and the implantation form of the shape memory alloy wires 4 can be adjusted according to actual working occasions, the mixed weaving mode of the shape memory alloy wires 4 and the basalt fibers 2 and 3 is various, and the shape memory alloy wires 4 can be used as warp yarns to be mixed woven or can be used as weft yarns to be mixed woven.
2) Cutting the woven three-dimensional cloth according to the designed size; and then impregnating the preform with a resin to form a preform. The resin is toughened epoxy resin, polyurethane resin or resin suitable for die pressing, pultrusion or RTM processes, and has the characteristic of long curing period, so that sufficient time is reserved for various operations in the preparation process.
3) Winding the preformed body in the inner mold cavity of the mold, closing the preformed body with the outer mold, and selecting proper temperature and mold pressure according to the curing curve of the selected resin to cure and mold the composite material wave-shaped spring. In the present embodiment, the temperature range in the mold is: 70-120 ℃, and the die pressure range is as follows: 140 kPa-2400 kPa, the mould temperature and the mould pressure can be adapted according to the curing characteristics of the resin, and the final aim is to optimize the mechanical property of the resin.
Further, the mould is according to the structural dimension design of wave spring to the top, and the mould centre form is detachable combination formula centre form, and the centre form comprises centre form module 5, 7, 8 and centre form dabber 6 promptly to can be through taking out centre form dabber 6 earlier and then take out other centre form modules in order, realize the piecemeal drawing of patterns and reuse of centre form (as figure 4).
The composite material is also provided with a leading-out space of the shape memory alloy in the top wave spring forming die, so that the shape memory alloy is reliably connected with an external power supply.
4) Post-curing and post-treating: after the composite material completes curing molding and demolding on the top wave spring, putting the top wave spring into a constant temperature box for post-curing; wherein, the temperature in the incubator is: 120 deg.C. The temperature value is related to the curing characteristics of the resin, so that the mechanical property of the resin is optimal. And after the post-curing treatment is finished, deburring and polishing the steel plate to obtain the variable-stiffness composite material counter wave spring.
The spring body of the variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring prepared by the preparation method is made of a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and shape memory alloy wires are implanted into the spring body; the shape memory alloy wire 4 is continuous. The shape memory alloy wire 4 alone or together with the heating element constitutes a stiffness driver. The control system can electrify and heat the rigidity driver according to rigidity requirements of different working conditions, and after the temperature of the rigidity driver reaches a required range, the internal shape memory alloy is subjected to phase change and changes the elastic modulus, so that the matching control of the composite material on the rigidity of the top wave spring under specific working conditions is realized.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, which are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like, which are within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure, should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing a variable-rigidity composite counter wave spring is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following process steps:
1) weaving the shape memory alloy wires, the basalt fibers and the aramid fibers into three-dimensional cloth by a three-dimensional weaving machine according to a preset weaving scheme; the binding yarn material is aramid fiber, the weft yarn material is basalt fiber, and the warp yarn material is basalt fiber; the shape memory alloy wires are used as warp yarns to be mixed with basalt fibers, or are used as weft yarns to be mixed with basalt fibers;
2) cutting the woven three-dimensional cloth according to the designed size; then impregnating the resin into the mixture to form a preformed body;
3) winding the preformed body in an inner mold cavity of a mold, closing the preformed body with an outer mold, and selecting proper temperature and mold pressure according to the curing curve of the selected resin to cure and mold the composite material wave-shaped spring;
4) post-curing and post-treating: after the composite material completes curing molding and demolding on the top wave spring, putting the top wave spring into a constant temperature box for post-curing; after the post-curing treatment is finished, deburring and polishing the steel plate to prepare a variable-stiffness composite material counter wave spring;
the spring body of the prepared variable-stiffness composite material counter wave spring is made of a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and shape memory alloy wires are implanted into the spring body; the shape memory alloy wire is continuous.
2. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the basalt fiber can be replaced by glass fiber.
3. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 2), the resin is toughened epoxy resin, polyurethane resin or resin suitable for mould pressing, pultrusion or RTM processes.
4. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the die is designed according to the structural size of the wave spring, and the die inner die is a detachable combined inner die.
5. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite v-wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the composite material is used for setting a leading-out space of the shape memory alloy in the top wave spring forming die, so that the shape memory alloy is reliably connected with an external power supply.
6. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite v-wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 3), the temperature range in the mold is as follows: 70-120 ℃, and the pressure range of the die is as follows: 140kPa to 2400 kPa.
7. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), the temperature in the thermostat is as follows: 120 ℃ is adopted.
8. The method for preparing a variable-stiffness composite counter wave spring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the shape memory alloy wire alone or together with the heating element forms a rigidity driver; the control system can electrify and heat the rigidity driver according to rigidity requirements of different working conditions, and after the temperature of the rigidity driver reaches a required range, the internal shape memory alloy is subjected to phase change and changes the elastic modulus, so that the matching control of the composite material on the rigidity of the top wave spring under specific working conditions is realized.
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| CN202110543055.7A CN113334802B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Preparation method of variable-stiffness composite opposite wave spring |
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| CN202110543055.7A CN113334802B (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Preparation method of variable-stiffness composite opposite wave spring |
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| CN113334802B true CN113334802B (en) | 2022-08-26 |
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