CN113333652A

CN113333652A - Radial forging and blank making method of hip joint handle forging based on radial forging hammer

Info

Publication number: CN113333652A
Application number: CN202110374569.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴坤; 詹文革; 宋德旭
Original assignee: Shaanxi Stand Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Stand Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-07
Filing date: 2021-04-07
Publication date: 2021-09-03
Also published as: CN116638036A

Abstract

The improved hammer head component is adopted to carry out radial high-frequency striking on a bar material entering a striking area, and the rotary motion of the bar material is combined with the reciprocating striking action of the high frequency, so that the bar material forging efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Radial forging and blank making method of hip joint handle forging based on radial forging hammer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of forging processing, and particularly relates to a radial forging and blank making method of a hip joint handle forging based on a radial forging hammer.

Background

Forging is a processing method which utilizes forging machinery to apply pressure on a metal blank to cause the metal blank to generate plastic deformation so as to obtain a forged piece with certain mechanical property, certain shape and certain size. In general, the internal structure and mechanical properties of forged parts are superior to those of cast parts and welded parts, and therefore, the machining method is increasingly used in various fields.

The defects of as-cast porosity and the like generated in the smelting process of metal can be eliminated through forging, the microstructure is optimized, and meanwhile, because the complete metal streamline is preserved, the mechanical property of the forging is generally superior to that of a casting made of the same material. Important parts with high load and severe working conditions in related machines are mainly forged pieces except for plates, sections or welding pieces which are simple in shape and can be rolled. At present, because the artificial hip joint structurally belongs to a structure with two small ends and a large middle part and a certain angle, raw materials need to be subjected to blank making, bending, pre-forging and finish forging in the forging process so as to finish the production of a forged piece, and the domestic main blank making process is upset forging, the application number is 202011145173.4, and in an application document (hereinafter referred to as a comparison document) named as an upset forging die for making a hip joint handle forged piece blank and a blank making method thereof, a method for making the hip joint handle cast blank by adopting the upset forging die is disclosed, and the die adopted by the upset forging is as follows: the upper die and the lower die are arranged on a die holder and detachably and fixedly connected into a whole, the upper die is pressed on the lower die under the action of a horizontal forging machine and fixes a blank, a punch arranged on a slide block is pushed by the slide block to upset the blank, then the blank is extruded and formed, redundant metal is discharged from a discharge hole cylindrical guide groove through a discharge sizing belt, and a required hip joint handle forging is processed through upsetting by processing a cylindrical feeding port, a joint handle collar part cone, a joint handle body cone, a joint handle tail part cone, the discharge sizing belt and the discharge hole cylindrical guide groove which are in a certain proportional relation with the size of an upset forming part on the die, but the upset forging blank making method has the following defects: firstly, a punch with the diameter 0.9-0.95 times of the diameter of a cylinder of a material port is pushed by a slide block to apply axial force to the end part of a bar stock to force the blank to be upset, and then the blank is extruded and formed; secondly, only one forging piece can be forged by adopting one die of the processing technology in the comparison document, and each forging piece needs to be manufactured with a corresponding upsetting die, so that the processing cost of the forging piece is increased, the universality is poor, and the manufacturing period of the product is long; the inner cavity at each position on the die is in a certain proportional relation with the size of the upset forging forming part, so that the forged forging piece has the defect of larger difference with the finish forging size, the total compression amount of finish forging is increased, the forging frequency is increased, and the finish forging time is long; discharging redundant metal from the cylindrical guide groove of the discharge hole through the discharge sizing belt in the upsetting process, so that the material utilization rate is low, and the material cost of the forge piece is increased; the traditional upsetting process is difficult to automate, the heating time cannot be accurately controlled manually, the traditional mode heating only can be adopted, and the traditional mode heating time is long and the oxidation is serious; therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need for improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the improved hammer head component is adopted to carry out radial high-frequency striking on a bar material entering a striking area, and the rotary motion of the bar material is combined with the reciprocating striking action of the high frequency, so that the bar material forging efficiency is greatly improved.

The radial forging and blank making method of the hip joint handle forging based on the radial forging hammer comprises the following steps:

1) blanking, namely determining the length and the diameter of a required bar according to the volume of the hip joint handle, and chamfering a bevel angle of C5-C7 at one end of the blanked bar;

2) putting the bar stock in the step 1) on a radial forging and discharging table, and heating the bar stock in an intermediate frequency furnace through a conveyor belt and a manipulator;

3) the bar stock heated to the temperature is placed into a clamping jaw through a manipulator, and the bar stock is clamped by the clamping jaw;

4) the clamping jaw drives the clamped bar to rotate by taking the axis of the bar as a center, and drives the clamping jaw to linearly move along the axial direction of the clamping jaw to drive the bar to enter a hitting area between the hammer head assemblies, and the bar stops when extending to a forging position, and at the moment, the clamping jaw drives the bar to continuously rotate;

5) starting a forging machine to drive a hammer head assembly to perform high-frequency striking on the bar along the radial direction of the bar, so that the rotating bar is subjected to plastic deformation along the directions of two sides of the contact position of the hammer head assembly and the bar, and stopping the forging until the size of the forging position of the bar meets the design size;

6) the clamping jaw is driven to drive the bar to move to the next hammering position and then stop, the operation is repeated from the step 4) until the bar is forged and pressed at each hammering position to form a formed material blank, and then the operation is stopped;

7) and (3) bending the blank in the step 6) on a bending die to enable the bent bending piece to be matched with the finish forging die.

In the step 2), the heating temperature of the bar stock entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 920 +/-20 ℃ and the heating time is not more than 1 min.

In the step 4), the rotating speed of the clamping jaw driving the bar to rotate is 45-85 r/min.

In above-mentioned step 4), the tup subassembly includes a plurality of tups, the cross sectional shape of tup is the horizontal plane of outer end and the inclined plane of inner through both sides multistage inclined plane transitional coupling and forms, install in a plurality of tups on the forging machine use the axle center of the bar that inserts its inside as the periphery of center evenly distributed in the bar to hit the bar after with bar radial reciprocating motion through a plurality of tups of forging machine drive, make the bar hit the department of beating and realize the radial forging and pressing to the bar after taking place plastic deformation with the both sides direction of tup and bar contact position.

Furthermore, the number of the hammers is four, one of the hammers and the adjacent hammer are rotationally symmetrical at 90 degrees, the other two hammers and the front two hammers are symmetrically arranged and then form a striking area surrounded by inclined planes at the inner ends of the four conical heads, and the diameter of the minimum inscribed circle of the striking area is phi 10 mm.

In the step 5), the diameter of the forged and deformed bar stock is adjusted by changing the radial feed amount of the hammer head assembly.

In the step 5), the striking frequency of the hammer head assembly to the bar is 1420 to 1480 times/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. the technical scheme adopts a radial forging method, so that the material consumption and the specification requirements are reduced, the production can be met as long as the diameter of the raw material is larger than the diameter required by the maximum section area of the product, the forged piece forged by the radial forging process has high precision and wide forging range, can forge various diameters within the forging size range, has uniform material distribution and high matching degree with final forging, and can improve the limitation by 10-20% relative to the blank upsetting method of the upset forging;

2. according to the technical scheme, the radial forging is that hammers distributed in the circumferential direction of a bar material are used for quickly and synchronously forging a workpiece, the workpiece rotates at a low speed while axially feeds and moves, the compression amount of each radial forging is small, the forging frequency per minute is high, the plasticity of metal is improved, and the surface quality of a forged piece forged in the radial forging is high;

3. the technical scheme realizes automatic control of radial forging, and is convenient for realizing mechanical and automatic production;

4. the radial forging of the technical scheme has high automation degree, can meet the requirements of products by using intermediate frequency heating, greatly shortens the heating time compared with the traditional mode, and reduces the oxidation of the products;

5. according to the technical scheme, the hammer head is simple in shape, each pair of hammer heads can forge blanks with various diameters within the forging size range, the process equipment is few and simple, the universality is strong, the manufacturing period is short, and the use value is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a bar of the present invention clamped by a jaw and entering the striking area of a hammer head assembly;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the bar stock of the present invention clamped by the jaws into the striking area of the hammer assembly;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blanked bar of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blank after forging forming according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with fig. 1 to 4, so as to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not the whole embodiment.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

1) blanking, namely determining the length and the diameter of a required bar according to the volume of the hip joint handle, and chamfering a bevel angle of C5-C7 at one end of the blanked bar 2;

2) putting the bar 2 in the step 1) on a radial forging and discharging table, and heating the bar 2 in an intermediate frequency furnace through a conveyor belt and a manipulator; specifically, the heating temperature of the bar 2 entering the intermediate frequency furnace is 920 +/-20 ℃, and the heating time is not more than 1 min.

3) The bar 2 heated to the temperature is placed into the clamping jaw 1 through a manipulator, and the bar 2 is clamped by the clamping jaw 1;

4) the clamping jaw 1 drives the clamped bar 2 to rotate around the axis of the bar 2, and simultaneously drives the clamping jaw 1 to linearly move along the axial direction of the bar and then drives the bar 2 to enter a striking area between the hammer head components, and the bar 2 stops when extending to a forging position, and at the moment, the clamping jaw 1 drives the bar 2 to continuously rotate; specifically, the rotating speed of the clamping jaw 1 for driving the bar 2 to rotate can be 50 revolutions per minute or 55 revolutions per minute or 60 revolutions per minute or 65 revolutions per minute or 70 revolutions per minute or 75 revolutions per minute or 80 revolutions per minute;

specifically, the hammer head assembly comprises a plurality of hammer heads 3, the cross-sectional shape of each hammer head 3 is formed by transitionally connecting a horizontal plane at the outer end and an inclined plane at the inner end through a plurality of inclined planes at two sides, the plurality of hammer heads 3 installed on the forging machine are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the bar 2 by taking the axis of the bar 2 inserted into the forging machine as the center, and the plurality of hammer heads 3 are driven by the forging machine to strike the bar 2 after the bar 2 is radially reciprocated, so that the bar 2 is radially forged and pressed after plastic deformation occurs at the positions, at which the hammer heads 3 are in contact with the bar 2, of two sides; as shown in fig. 2, the number of the hammers 3 is four, one of the hammers 3 is rotationally symmetrical with an adjacent hammer 3 at 90 °, the other two hammers 3 are symmetrically arranged with the previous two hammers 3 and then surrounded by inclined planes at the inner ends of the four conical heads 3 to form a striking area, and the diameter of the minimum inscribed circle of the striking area is phi 10mm, that is, the hammer 3 of the structure is adopted to radially forge the bar 2, so that a casting with the diameter of phi 10mm at the position with the minimum size in the blank 4 can be forged, and the forging range is large in relative upset forging; in the structure, the inner end face of the hammer head 3 is designed into an inclined plane structure, the method is favorable for enabling the bar 2 to generate plastic deformation along the directions of two sides of a beating position with the hammer head 3 after beating the bar 2 at every time, the folding problem generated in the upsetting process of upsetting is effectively eliminated, the utilization rate of materials is improved, the consumption of the materials is reduced, the shape of the hammer head 3 is simple, each pair of hammer heads 3 can forge blanks 4 with various diameters in the forging size range, the process equipment is few, the method is simple, the universality is strong, the manufacturing period is short, and the method has high use value.

5) Starting a forging machine to drive a hammer head assembly to perform high-frequency striking on the bar 2 along the radial direction of the bar 2, so that the rotating bar 2 is subjected to plastic deformation along the directions of two sides of the contact position of the hammer head assembly and the bar 2, and stopping the process until the size of the forging position of the bar 2 meets the design size; specifically, the diameter of the forged and deformed bar 2 is adjusted by changing the radial feed amount of the hammer head assembly; specifically, the striking frequency of the hammer head assembly to the bar 2 is 1450 times/min.

6) The clamping jaw 1 is driven to drive the bar stock 2 to move to the next hammering position and then stop, the operation is repeated from the step 4) until the bar stock 2 is forged and formed into a formed stock 4 at each hammering position;

7) and (3) bending the blank 4 in the step 6) on a bending die to enable the bent bending piece to be matched with the finish forging die.

The technical scheme adopts a radial forging method, so that the material consumption and the specification requirements are reduced, the production can be met as long as the diameter of the raw material is larger than the diameter required by the maximum section area of the product, the forged piece forged by the radial forging process has high precision and wide forging range, can forge various diameters within the forging size range, has uniform material distribution and high matching degree with final forging, and can improve the limitation by 10-20% relative to the blank upsetting method of the upset forging; the radial forging is to rapidly and synchronously forge a workpiece by the hammers distributed in the circumferential direction of the bar, the workpiece rotates at a low speed while axially feeds and moves, the compression amount of each radial forging is small, the forging frequency per minute is high, the plasticity of metal is improved, and the surface quality of a forged piece forged in the radial forging is high; the radial forging realizes automatic control, and is convenient for realizing mechanical and automatic production; because the radial forging has high automation degree, the requirement of the product can be met by using intermediate frequency heating, the heating time is greatly shortened compared with the traditional mode, and the oxidation of the product is reduced;

the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The radial forging and blank making method of the hip joint handle forging based on the radial forging hammer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) blanking, namely determining the length and the diameter of a required bar stock according to the volume of the hip joint handle, and chamfering an oblique angle of C5-C7 at one end of the blanked bar stock (2);

2) putting the bar (2) in the step 1) on a radial forging and discharging table, and heating the bar (2) in an intermediate frequency furnace through a conveyor belt and a manipulator;

3) the bar stock (2) heated to the temperature is placed into the clamping jaw (1) through the manipulator, and the bar stock (2) is clamped by the clamping jaw (1);

4) the clamping jaw (1) drives the clamped bar (2) to rotate by taking the axis as the center, the clamping jaw (1) is driven to linearly move along the axial direction of the clamping jaw to drive the bar (2) to enter a striking area between the hammer head components, the bar (2) stops after stretching into a forging position, and at the moment, the clamping jaw (1) drives the bar (2) to continuously rotate;

5) starting a forging machine to drive a hammer head assembly to perform high-frequency striking on the bar (2) along the radial direction of the bar (2), so that the rotating bar (2) is subjected to plastic deformation along the directions of two sides of the contact position of the hammer head assembly and the bar (2) until the size of the forging position of the bar (2) meets the design size, and then stopping;

6) the driving clamping jaw (1) drives the bar stock (2) to move to the next hammering position and then stop, the step 4) starts to repeat operation until the bar stock (2) is forged and pressed at each hammering position to form a formed stock (4), and then the operation stops;

7) and (3) placing the blank (4) in the step 6) on a bending die for bending, so that the bent bending piece is matched with the finish forging die.

2. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2), the bar (2) enters the intermediate frequency furnace, the heating temperature is 920 +/-20 ℃, and the heating time is not more than 1 min.

3. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4), the rotating speed of the clamping jaw (1) for driving the bar (2) to rotate is 45-85 r/min.

4. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the above-mentioned step 4), the tup subassembly includes a plurality of tups (3), the cross sectional shape of tup (3) is the horizontal plane of outer end and the inclined plane of inner through both sides multistage inclined plane transitional coupling and forms, install in a plurality of tups (3) on the forging machine are in order to insert the axle center of its inside bar (2) evenly distributed in the periphery of bar (2) as the center to hit beating bar (2) after with bar (2) radial reciprocating motion through a plurality of tups (3) of forging machine drive, make bar (2) hit beat and realize the radial forging and pressing to bar (2) after taking place plastic deformation with tup (3) and bar (2) contact position's both sides direction.

5. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quantity of tup (3) is four, and one of them tup (3) and adjacent one tup (3) are with 90 rotational symmetry, and two other tups (3) enclose into the hitting area by the inner inclined plane of four conical heads (3) after setting up with preceding two tup (3) symmetries, the minimum inscribed circle diameter of hitting the area is phi 10 mm.

6. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the diameter of the forged and deformed bar (2) is changed by changing the radial feed amount of the hammer head assembly.

7. The radial forging blank-making method of a radial hammer-based hip joint stem forging according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5), the striking frequency of the hammer head component to the bar (2) is 1420 to 1480 times/min.