CN113333170B - Method for improving main grade of zinc concentrate after copper-zinc separation - Google Patents
Method for improving main grade of zinc concentrate after copper-zinc separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113333170B CN113333170B CN202110521181.2A CN202110521181A CN113333170B CN 113333170 B CN113333170 B CN 113333170B CN 202110521181 A CN202110521181 A CN 202110521181A CN 113333170 B CN113333170 B CN 113333170B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/002—Inorganic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/06—Depressants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation, which comprises the following steps: adding lime into crude zinc concentrate subjected to copper-zinc separation in coastal areas, and adjusting the pH value to 7-8; then the aeration quantity of the flotation machine is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; adding potassium dichromate, stirring for 8 minutes, adding lime, and adjusting the pH value to 12-14 to obtain ore pulp; adding copper sulfate into the ore pulp, stirring for 5 minutes, sequentially adding the butyl xanthate and the ester-105, stirring for 2 minutes, and adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20%; and thirdly, performing a closed cycle flotation process of primary zinc roughing, secondary zinc fine concentration and primary zinc scavenging on the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20% according to a conventional method to obtain zinc concentrate. The method is simple and easy to implement, and the recovery rate of the zinc concentrate is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation processes, in particular to a method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation.
Background
The zinc rough concentrate after copper and zinc separation has the following characteristics: 1) the copper-zinc bulk concentrate is obtained by activated collecting flotation during copper-zinc bulk concentrate separation, the copper-zinc separation is carried out in a weak acid system after the inhibition of active carbon removal-sodium sulfide and sodium metabisulfite, the pH of the zinc rough concentrate after the copper-zinc separation is =6, and all minerals in the zinc rough concentrate are in a strongly inhibited state. 2) The zinc grade in the zinc rough concentrate is 20-25%, the lead grade is 5-8%, the copper grade is 0.5-2%, the sulfur grade is 35-40%, and other gangue minerals are contained, wherein zinc mainly comprises sphalerite, lead mainly comprises galena, copper mainly comprises chalcopyrite, and sulfur mainly comprises pyrite.
The veins in coastal areas are often floated with seawater media. And the flotation in seawater medium has the following characteristics: seawater is used as a solution containing a large amount of salts, the density of the solution is higher than that of fresh water, the solution has strong foaming capacity, non-target minerals with good floatability are easy to float due to large buoyancy in a seawater environment, the separation difficulty of the target minerals and the non-target minerals is increased, and the separation difficulty is increased for improving the quality of concentrate.
The traditional method for improving the grade of the zinc rough concentrate after copper-zinc separation by using seawater as make-up water is mainly an activated flotation method, and the grade of the zinc of the obtained zinc concentrate is usually 38% -42%, so that the quality is poor. The problems existing in the method are specifically shown as follows: 1) the flotation foam is rich, in the activation flotation process, because the buoyancy of the seawater medium is larger and the foamability is stronger, impurity minerals such as copper and lead are better than zinc minerals to be activated, and the impurity minerals float upwards together with the zinc minerals in the flotation process and enter zinc concentrate, but the copper and lead in the zinc concentrate cannot reach the pricing standard and are used as impurities to influence the quality improvement of the zinc concentrate; 2) in the process of zinc activation flotation, copper-lead minerals and zinc minerals generate a phenomenon of competitive adsorption of an activating agent and a collecting agent and competitive floating, so that the recovery rate of zinc flotation is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a simple and easy-to-implement method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation.
In order to solve the problems, the method for improving the main grade of the zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation comprises the following steps:
adding lime into crude zinc concentrate subjected to copper-zinc separation in coastal areas, and adjusting the pH value to 7-8; then the aeration quantity of the flotation machine is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; adding 300-500 g of potassium dichromate into 1 ton of the zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 8 minutes, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to 12-14 to obtain ore pulp;
adding copper sulfate into the ore pulp, stirring for 5 minutes, sequentially adding the butyl xanthate and the ester-105, stirring for 2 minutes, and adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20%; the addition amounts of the copper sulfate, the butyl xanthate and the ester-105 are respectively 300-500 g, 100-200 g and 80-120 g based on 1 ton of the zinc rough concentrate;
thirdly, performing closed-loop circulation flotation on the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20% through primary zinc roughing, secondary zinc concentrating and primary zinc scavenging according to a conventional method to obtain zinc concentrate.
The method comprises the steps of enabling the grade of zinc in the rough zinc concentrate to be 20-25%, enabling the grade of lead to be 5-8%, enabling the grade of copper to be 0.5-2% and enabling the grade of sulfur to be 35-40%.
The step two, the backwater refers to the step of comprehensively recovering tailings and concentrate thickener press-filtered water of the whole separation process from iron tailings associated with copper and zinc and returning the tailings and the concentrate thickener press-filtered water to the flotation process, and the make-up water is seawater.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, a strong reduction system constructed in the copper-zinc separation process is used for realizing the natural floatability high reduction of zinc and other impurity minerals, on the basis, lime is adopted for adjusting the pH value of ore pulp step by step, a small amount of potassium dichromate neutral medium is stirred for a short time for strengthening inhibition, and low-concentration flotation in a strong alkali medium is used for realizing the high-efficiency purification and impurity reduction of zinc concentrate, so that the problem that copper lead and part of pyrite with good floatability float together with the zinc mineral under the single inhibition action of one-time addition of the traditional lime is avoided, the quality improvement of the zinc concentrate is influenced, and the problems that the zinc concentrate is high in impurity content, low in main grade, the marketing value of the zinc concentrate is influenced and the like in the comprehensive recovery of the low-grade co-associated copper-zinc mineral in iron tailings are solved.
2. In the invention, the tailings of the iron separation tailings associated with copper and zinc and the pressure filtration water of the concentrate thickener are comprehensively recovered to be used as the return water, the return water is completely returned to the flotation process for use, the make-up water is seawater, and all the return water is not discharged outside, thereby realizing the effective utilization of resources.
3. Under the condition of a backwater system based on seawater as make-up water, the method disclosed by the invention strengthens the selective deep inhibition of impurities such as copper, lead and the like in the zinc rough concentrate, greatly weakens the competitive adsorption capacity of copper and lead minerals on a flotation activator and a collecting agent, improves the enrichment ratio in the zinc mineral flotation process, and solves the problems of poor selectivity, high impurity content of zinc concentrate and low main grade of zinc concentrate of the direct activation flotation method in the prior art.
4. The method is simple and easy to implement.
Detailed Description
A method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation comprises the following steps:
adding lime into crude zinc concentrate subjected to copper-zinc separation in coastal areas, and adjusting the pH value to 7-8; then the aeration quantity of the flotation machine is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; adding 300-500 g of potassium dichromate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 8 minutes, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to 12-14 to obtain ore pulp.
Wherein: the zinc grade in the zinc rough concentrate is 20-25%, the lead grade is 5-8%, the copper grade is 0.5-2%, and the sulfur grade is 35-40%.
The ore pulp is prepared by adding 300-500 g of copper sulfate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 100-200 g of butyl xanthate and 80-120 g of ester-105 into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 2 minutes, and adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20%.
The backwater refers to the comprehensive recovery of the tailings of the iron ore dressing tailings associated with copper and zinc and the press filtration water of the concentrate thickener to return to the flotation process, the make-up water is seawater, and all backwater is not discharged.
And thirdly, performing a closed-loop circulating flotation process of primary zinc roughing, secondary zinc fine concentration and primary zinc scavenging on the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20% by using a conventional method to obtain zinc concentrate.
The method comprises stirring in a medium-alkalinity selective inhibition environment, strong alkalinity large-gas-volume aeration stirring and zinc flotation impurity reduction, wherein a strong inhibition and strong oxidation system of impurity minerals such as associated lead, sulfur, copper, gangue and the like is constructed through the medium-alkalinity selective inhibition stirring, the high-alkalinity strong aeration stirring and efficient flotation operation, so that the selective impurity reduction and the main grade promotion of the zinc concentrate are realized after the conventional copper and zinc separation, the problems of low main grade of the zinc concentrate and high impurity content of the zinc concentrate caused by a strong activation strong collecting process under the rough inhibition of the traditional process are solved, and the problems of high impurity content, low main grade, influence on the zinc concentrate sales value and the like of the low-grade co-associated copper and zinc minerals in the iron ore tailings in the comprehensive recovery are solved.
Embodiment 1 a method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation comprises the following steps:
adding lime into zinc rough concentrate obtained after copper and zinc separation in the middle of Peru in the region of san Neiguana bay, and adjusting the pH value to 7; then the air inflation is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; adding 300 g of potassium dichromate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 8 minutes, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to 12 to obtain ore pulp.
Wherein: the copper grade in the zinc rough concentrate is 0.5 percent, the lead grade is 5 percent, the zinc grade is 25 percent, and the sulfur grade is 35 percent.
Adding 500 g of copper sulfate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate in the ore pulp, stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 200 g of butyl xanthate and ester-105120 g of zinc rough concentrate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate in sequence, stirring for 2 minutes, and then adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 16%.
And thirdly, performing closed-loop circulating flotation on the ore pulp with the concentration of 16% by using a conventional method through one-time zinc roughing, two-time zinc fine selection and one-time zinc scavenging to obtain zinc concentrate.
The zinc grade in the obtained zinc concentrate is 53.25%, the copper grade is 0.85%, the lead grade is 0.95%, the sulfur grade is 36.23%, and the zinc recovery rate is 91.23%.
Comparative example 1 a conventional process for separating zinc from copper and zinc was used, lime was added to a crude zinc concentrate (crude zinc concentrate grade same as in example 1) from which the same copper and zinc were separated at one time to adjust the pH to 11, then 500 g/t copper sulfate, 300 g/t butyl xanthate, and 150 g/t 2# oil were added and stirred to perform zinc flotation, and zinc concentrate and middling were obtained by a closed flotation process of one-time roughing, two-time concentration, and one-time scavenging.
The zinc grade in the obtained zinc concentrate is 41.21 percent, the copper grade is 4.25 percent, the lead grade is 8.24 percent, the sulfur grade is 35.45 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 83.34 percent.
Compared with the embodiment 1, the zinc concentrate has lower zinc grade and recovery rate, and the zinc concentrate has higher content of impurities such as copper, lead, sulfur and the like.
Embodiment 2 a method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of adding lime into crude zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation in Bohai gulf region of Qingdao, China, and adjusting the pH value to 8; then the air inflation is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; and adding 500 g of potassium dichromate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 8 minutes, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to 14 to obtain ore pulp.
Wherein: the copper grade in the zinc rough concentrate is 1.95%, the lead grade is 8.80%, the zinc grade is 20.15%, and the sulfur grade is 37.23%.
Adding 300 g of copper sulfate into 1 ton of zinc rough concentrate in the ore pulp, stirring for 5 minutes, then adding 100 g of butyl xanthate and 10580 g of ester-10580 into the zinc rough concentrate in sequence according to 1 ton of the zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 2 minutes, and then adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 20%.
And thirdly, performing closed-loop circulating flotation on the ore pulp with the concentration of 20% by using a conventional method through one-time zinc roughing, two-time zinc fine selection and one-time zinc scavenging to obtain zinc concentrate.
The zinc grade in the obtained zinc concentrate is 51.23%, the copper grade is 1.15%, the lead grade is 1.54%, the sulfur grade is 35.45%, and the zinc recovery rate is 90.34%.
Comparative example 2 a conventional process for separating zinc from copper and zinc was used, in which lime was added to a crude zinc concentrate (crude zinc concentrate grade same as in example 2) after the same copper and zinc separation to adjust the pH to 11, then 300 g/t copper sulfate, 200 g/t butyl xanthate, and 80 g/t 2# oil were added and stirred to perform zinc flotation, and zinc concentrate and middling were obtained by a closed flotation process of one roughing, two concentration and one scavenging.
The zinc grade in the obtained zinc concentrate is 38.34%, the copper grade is 6.23%, the lead grade is 11.23%, the sulfur grade is 36.34%, and the zinc recovery rate is 83.34%.
Compared with the embodiment 2, the zinc concentrate has lower zinc grade and recovery rate, and the zinc concentrate has higher content of impurities such as copper, lead, sulfur and the like.
Claims (2)
1. A method for improving the main grade of zinc concentrate after copper and zinc separation comprises the following steps:
adding lime into crude zinc concentrate subjected to copper-zinc separation in coastal areas, and adjusting the pH value to 7-8; then the aeration quantity of the flotation machine is 3m3/(m2Min) for 5 minutes and then stopping aeration; adding 300-500 g of potassium dichromate into 1 ton of the zinc rough concentrate, stirring for 8 minutes, and adding lime to adjust the pH value to 12-14 to obtain ore pulp;
adding copper sulfate into the ore pulp, stirring for 5 minutes, sequentially adding the butyl xanthate and the ester-105, stirring for 2 minutes, and adding backwater to obtain the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20%; the addition amounts of the copper sulfate, the butyl xanthate and the ester-105 are respectively 300-500 g, 100-200 g and 80-120 g based on 1 ton of the zinc rough concentrate; the backwater refers to the comprehensive recovery of the tailings of the iron tailings associated with copper and zinc and the pressure filtration water of the concentrate thickener of the whole separation process and the return of the pressure filtration water to the flotation process, and the make-up water is seawater;
and thirdly, performing a closed cycle flotation process of primary zinc roughing, secondary zinc fine concentration and primary zinc scavenging on the ore pulp with the concentration of 16-20% according to a conventional method to obtain zinc concentrate.
2. The method for improving the main grade of the zinc concentrate after the copper-zinc separation according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of enabling the grade of zinc in the rough zinc concentrate to be 20-25%, enabling the grade of lead to be 5-8%, enabling the grade of copper to be 0.5-2% and enabling the grade of sulfur to be 35-40%.
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