CN112517223B - Enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate - Google Patents
Enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112517223B CN112517223B CN202011164877.6A CN202011164877A CN112517223B CN 112517223 B CN112517223 B CN 112517223B CN 202011164877 A CN202011164877 A CN 202011164877A CN 112517223 B CN112517223 B CN 112517223B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
- B03B5/04—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on shaking tables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/018—Mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Abstract
An enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrates comprises the steps of table reselection, tailing reselection, cleaning and flotation and copper-zinc separation. Impurity metals with large specific gravity and gangue components with small specific gravity are removed by gravity separation, so that the problem that the copper-zinc concentrate cannot be effectively enriched to influence separation in the traditional process is solved; the impurities removed by gravity separation are subjected to acid washing and then subjected to low-concentration strong inhibition flotation, so that the recovery rate of copper and zinc is ensured, the recovery rate of ore dressing is improved, the problem that sulfur is difficult to inhibit in the traditional process is solved, meanwhile, the phenomenon that pumice floats upwards easily due to the traditional flotation enrichment method is avoided, the separation efficiency is improved after copper and zinc concentrate is enriched, qualified copper concentrate and zinc concentrate are obtained after copper and zinc separation, and the problems that the copper concentrate produced by the traditional process is poor in quality and high in impurity content and cannot be sold are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation separation processes, in particular to a method for enriching low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrates.
Background
The low-quality copper-zinc concentrate has the following characteristics: 1) The low-grade copper-zinc concentrate is a flotation product, and 80% of the surface of the mineral is hydrophobic; 2) Carbonate-containing pumice minerals; 3) The metal impurities in the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate mainly comprise sulfur, lead and the like, wherein the floatability of the pyrite is better. The traditional enrichment and separation process of the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate mainly comprises copper-zinc bulk flotation-copper-zinc separation, and for the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate, pyrite and gangue cannot be effectively inhibited by adopting the traditional flotation process, so that the concentrates after copper-zinc separation have high mutual content and low recovery rate, and qualified copper concentrates cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrates, which utilizes the specific gravity and floatability difference between impurities in copper-zinc bulk concentrates and copper-zinc minerals to separate impurities such as lead-sulfur gangue and the like so as to achieve the purpose of separating and enriching the copper-zinc minerals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses an enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of 1: adding water into low-quality copper-zinc concentrate, stirring to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, and then entering a shaking table for reselection, wherein the stroke of the shaking table is 6-8mm, the frequency of flushing the shaking table is 420-490 times/min, middlings of the shaking table are used as copper-zinc rough concentrate I, and concentrate and tailings of the shaking table are combined to be used as reselected tailings; step 2: adding 1000-2000 g/t of 10% dilute sulfuric acid into the gravity tailings in the step 1, cleaning and thickening, then adding 500-1000 g/t of sodium sulfide, 1000-2000 g/t of lime and water to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, carrying out copper-zinc flotation, and carrying out primary concentration on the mixed flotation foam to obtain copper-zinc rough concentrate II; and step 3: and (2) combining the copper-zinc rough concentrate I obtained in the step (1) and the copper-zinc rough concentrate II obtained in the step (2), adding 500 g/ton of activated carbon and 500-1000 g/ton of sodium sulfide into the mixture, grinding the mixture, adding 2000-3000 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite into the mixture, separating copper and zinc, carrying out concentration twice on copper to obtain copper concentrate, adding 2000 g/ton of lime, 20 g/ton of copper sulfate, 20 g/ton of butyl xanthate and 10 g/ton of pine oil into the separated tailings, and carrying out rough concentration twice on the separated tailings to obtain zinc concentrate.
In the technical scheme of the enrichment method of the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate, the further preferable technical scheme is characterized in that:
1. the stroke of the shaking table in the step 1 is 7mm, and the stroke frequency of the shaking table is 450 times/min;
2. 1500 g/ton of 10% dilute sulfuric acid is added in the step 2;
3. 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide and 1500 g/ton of lime are added in the step 2;
4. 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide is added in the step 3, and 2500 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite is added.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that firstly, impurity metals with large specific gravity and gangue components with small specific gravity are removed from the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate through gravity separation, so that the problem that the separation is influenced because the copper-zinc concentrate cannot be effectively enriched in the traditional process is solved; the impurities removed by gravity separation are subjected to acid washing and then subjected to low-concentration strong inhibition flotation, so that the problem that sulfur is difficult to inhibit in the traditional process is solved, the phenomenon that the pumice is easy to float due to a traditional flotation enrichment method is avoided, the separation efficiency of copper-zinc concentrate is improved after the copper-zinc concentrate is enriched, the qualified copper concentrate and zinc concentrate are obtained after the copper-zinc separation, and the problems that the copper concentrate produced by the traditional process is poor in quality and high in impurity content and cannot be sold are solved.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, a method for enriching a low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate, comprising the following steps, step 1: adding water into low-quality copper-zinc concentrate, stirring to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, and then entering a shaking table for reselection, wherein the stroke of the shaking table is 6-8mm, the frequency of flushing the shaking table is 420-490 times/min, middlings of the shaking table are used as copper-zinc rough concentrate I, and concentrate and tailings of the shaking table are combined to be used as reselected tailings; and 2, step: adding 1000-2000 g/t of 10% dilute sulfuric acid into the gravity tailings in the step 1, cleaning and thickening, then adding 500-1000 g/t of sodium sulfide, 1000-2000 g/t of lime and water to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, carrying out copper-zinc flotation, and carrying out primary concentration on the mixed flotation foam to obtain copper-zinc rough concentrate II; and 3, step 3: and (2) combining the copper-zinc rough concentrate I obtained in the step (1) and the copper-zinc rough concentrate II obtained in the step (2), adding 500 g/ton of activated carbon and 500-1000 g/ton of sodium sulfide into the mixture, grinding the mixture, adding 2000-3000 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite into the mixture, separating copper and zinc, carrying out concentration twice on copper to obtain copper concentrate, adding 2000 g/ton of lime, 20 g/ton of copper sulfate, 20 g/ton of butyl xanthate and 10 g/ton of pine oil into the separated tailings, and carrying out rough concentration twice on the separated tailings to obtain zinc concentrate. The low-quality copper-zinc concentrate is prepared by firstly removing impurity metals with large specific gravity and gangue components with small specific gravity by gravity separation, recovering copper-zinc minerals by flotation after acid washing of tailings removed by gravity separation, and carrying out copper-zinc separation after regrinding on the copper-zinc concentrate. The unit of "g/ton of raw ore" refers to the number of grams of medicament added to each ton of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate; the whole process flow in the step 1-3 is a closed-circuit flotation circulation flow.
Example 2, according to the method for enriching a low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate described in example 1, the stroke of the table in step 1 is 7mm, and the frequency of the table stroke is 450 times/min.
Example 3 in a method for enriching a low quality copper zinc bulk concentrate according to example 1 or 2, 1500 g/ton of 10% dilute sulphuric acid is added in step 2.
Example 4. In a method for the beneficiation of low quality copper zinc bulk concentrate according to example 1, 2 or 3, 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide and 1500 g/ton of lime are added in step 2.
Example 5. In the method for concentrating a low quality copper zinc bulk concentrate according to any one of examples 1 to 4, 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide is added in step 3, and 2500 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite is added.
Embodiment 6, a method for enriching low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrates comprises the following steps of 1, adding water into low-quality copper-zinc concentrates, stirring and adjusting the concentration of ore pulp to 15%, and then performing '1 table concentrator reselection', wherein the stroke of a table concentrator is 8mm, and the frequency of impact of the table concentrator is 420 times/min; step 2, combining the table concentrator concentrate and table concentrator tailings, and then carrying out 2-acid pickling thickening operation, after cleaning with 1000 g/ton 10% dilute sulfuric acid and thickening to 50% of the concentration, adding water to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, then adding 500 g/ton sodium sulfide and 1000 g/ton lime, and obtaining copper-zinc rough concentrate and tailings through 3-copper-zinc flotation and 4-copper-zinc mixed concentrate; and 3, adding 500 g/ton of activated carbon and 500 g/ton of sodium sulfide before grinding, adding 2000 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite after grinding for copper-zinc separation, performing 6-9 closed-loop flotation circulation operation on copper concentrate, adding 2000 g/ton of flotation underflow, 20 g/ton of copper sulfate, 20 g/ton of butyl xanthate and 10 g/ton of pine oil, and performing 10-14 closed-loop flotation circulation flow to obtain zinc concentrate.
The detection shows that the copper grade in the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate described in the embodiment 6 is 7.45% and the zinc grade is 22.43%; the copper concentrate obtained by the method has 22.43 percent of copper grade, 0.67 percent of lead grade, 3.21 percent of zinc grade and 75.34 percent of copper recovery rate; the zinc grade of the zinc concentrate is 47.45 percent, the copper grade is 1.13 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 84.54 percent.
In comparative example 1, the traditional copper-zinc mixed flotation-copper-zinc separation process is adopted, lime is added into the same low-quality copper-zinc concentrate to make the pH value of the ore pulp be 12, and then copper-zinc mixed concentration is carried out. After regrinding, the copper-zinc ore concentrate pulp is added with 500 g/ton of sodium sulfide, 1000 g/ton of liquid sulfur dioxide, and then the copper and zinc minerals are separated to obtain copper ore concentrate and zinc ore concentrate.
According to detection, the copper grade in the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate in the comparative example 1 is 7.45 percent, and the zinc grade is 22.43 percent; the copper concentrate obtained by the process method of the comparative example 1 has 11.24 percent of copper grade, 7.32 percent of lead grade, 12.23 percent of zinc grade, 38.45 percent of sulfur grade and 77.34 percent of copper recovery rate; the zinc grade of the zinc concentrate is 35.34%, the copper grade is 2.34%, the sulfur grade is 35.45%, and the zinc recovery rate is 77.45%. Compared with the embodiment 1, the copper concentrate has higher impurity content and lower zinc concentrate grade, and the copper and zinc concentrate grade does not meet the requirements of qualified products.
Embodiment 7, an enrichment method of low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate includes the following steps that 1, after water is added into the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate and the concentration of the ore pulp is adjusted to 15%, 1 table concentrator reselection is performed, the stroke of a table concentrator is 6mm, and the frequency of washing the table concentrator is 490 times/minute; step 2, combining the table concentrator concentrate and table concentrator tailings, then carrying out 2-acid pickling thickening operation, after cleaning with 2000 g/ton 10% dilute sulfuric acid and thickening to 60% concentration, adding water to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, then adding 1000 g/ton sodium sulfide and 1000-2000 g/ton lime, and obtaining copper-zinc rough concentrate and tailings through 3-copper-zinc flotation and 4-copper-zinc mixed concentrate; and 3, adding 500 g/ton of activated carbon and 1000 g/ton of sodium sulfide before grinding, adding 3000 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite after grinding for copper-zinc separation, performing 6-9 closed-loop flotation circulation operation on copper concentrate, adding 2000 g/ton of flotation underflow, 20 g/ton of copper sulfate, 20 g/ton of butyl xanthate and 10 g/ton of pine oil, and performing 10-14 closed-loop flotation circulation flow to obtain zinc concentrate.
The detection shows that the copper grade in the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate described in the embodiment 7 is 11.23% and the zinc grade is 27.34%; the copper concentrate obtained by the method has the copper grade of 24.34 percent, the lead grade of 0.45 percent, the zinc grade of 2.12 percent and the copper recovery rate of 78.43 percent; the zinc grade of the zinc concentrate is 48.56 percent, the copper grade is 0.87 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 83.67 percent.
In comparative example 2, the conventional copper-zinc mixed flotation-copper-zinc separation process is adopted, and the lime is added into the same low-quality copper-zinc concentrate to make the pH value of the ore pulp be 12, and then the copper-zinc mixed concentration is carried out. The copper-zinc ore concentrate pulp is reground, 800 g of sodium sulfide per ton of raw ore is added, 1500 g of liquid sulfur dioxide per ton of raw ore is added, and then copper and zinc minerals are separated to obtain copper ore concentrate and zinc ore concentrate.
According to detection, the copper grade in the low-quality copper-zinc concentrate in the comparative example 2 is 11.23 percent, and the zinc grade is 27.34 percent; the copper concentrate obtained by the process method of the comparative example 2 has 13.23% of copper grade, 8.23% of lead grade, 14.23% of zinc grade, 36.32% of sulfur grade and 73.54% of copper recovery rate; the zinc grade of the zinc concentrate is 38.32 percent, the copper grade is 3.12 percent, the sulfur grade is 35.32 percent, and the zinc recovery rate is 80.45 percent. Compared with the embodiment 2, the copper concentrate has higher impurity content and lower zinc concentrate grade, and the copper and zinc concentrate grades do not meet the requirements of qualified products.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for enriching the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: adding water into low-quality copper-zinc concentrate, stirring to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, and then entering a shaking table for reselection, wherein the stroke of the shaking table is 6-8mm, the frequency of flushing the shaking table is 420-490 times/min, middlings of the shaking table are used as copper-zinc rough concentrate I, and concentrate and tailings of the shaking table are combined to be used as reselected tailings;
step 2: adding 1000-2000 g/t of 10% dilute sulfuric acid into the gravity tailings in the step 1, cleaning and thickening, then adding 500-1000 g/t of sodium sulfide, 1000-2000 g/t of lime and water to adjust the concentration of the ore pulp to 15%, carrying out copper-zinc flotation, and carrying out primary concentration on the mixed flotation foam to obtain copper-zinc rough concentrate II;
and step 3: and (2) combining the copper-zinc rough concentrate I obtained in the step (1) and the copper-zinc rough concentrate II obtained in the step (2), adding 500 g/ton of activated carbon and 500-1000 g/ton of sodium sulfide into the mixture, grinding the mixture, adding 2000-3000 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite into the mixture, separating copper and zinc, carrying out concentration twice on copper to obtain copper concentrate, adding 2000 g/ton of lime, 20 g/ton of copper sulfate, 20 g/ton of butyl xanthate and 10 g/ton of pine oil into the separated tailings, and carrying out rough concentration twice on the separated tailings to obtain zinc concentrate.
2. The method for enriching the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stroke of the shaker in step 1 is 7mm and the number of strokes of the shaker is 450 per minute.
3. The method for enriching the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: 1500 g/ton of 10% dilute sulfuric acid is added in the step 2.
4. The method for enriching the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide and 1500 g/ton of lime are added in the step 2.
5. The method for enriching the low-quality copper-zinc bulk concentrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: 700 g/ton of sodium sulfide is added in the step 3, and 2500 g/ton of sodium metabisulfite is added.
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