CN113328260B - Electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof - Google Patents
Electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113328260B CN113328260B CN202110601465.2A CN202110601465A CN113328260B CN 113328260 B CN113328260 B CN 113328260B CN 202110601465 A CN202110601465 A CN 202110601465A CN 113328260 B CN113328260 B CN 113328260B
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- electromagnetic wave
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- wave polarization
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
Abstract
The electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material comprises a main body, wherein the main body is made of a high polymer material, a plurality of metal particles with the same direction are doped in the main body in a disordered manner, gaps are formed between every two adjacent metal particles, and the gaps are used for polarization regulation of electromagnetic waves. The invention can realize the metal slits on the whole macroscopic body of the polarization regulating material by utilizing the metal particles with the consistent directions in the main body, thereby achieving the polarization modulation of incident electromagnetic waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic wave polarization sheet, in particular to an electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof, which are suitable for polarization of electromagnetic waves, particularly terahertz waves.
Background
The property of the orientation and amplitude of the electric field strength of an electromagnetic wave changing with time is called polarization in optics, and if such a change has a certain regularity, an electromagnetic wave is called a polarized electromagnetic wave.
The electromagnetic wave polarizer can realize polarization regulation of incident waves. In the prior art, patent CN102769191A discloses a metamaterial capable of realizing polarization conversion, which includes a substrate and a plurality of artificial microstructures disposed on the substrate, wherein the artificial microstructures affect an electric field vector of a planar electromagnetic wave propagating therein, so that when the planar electromagnetic wave leaves the metamaterial, two orthogonal components of the electric field vector generate a phase difference, thereby realizing mutual conversion of polarization modes of the planar electromagnetic wave. The patent CN104810628B discloses a vane-type terahertz broadband linear polarizer, which is formed by periodically arranging unit structures, each unit structure sequentially comprises a substrate, a metal reflecting layer, a dielectric layer and a super-surface from bottom to top; the super-surface is composed of two identical blades, and a linear polarizer with three continuous polarization conversion frequency bands is obtained through the blade-shaped super-surface with the long-edge gradual change property.
However, the existing electromagnetic wave polarizer has a complex structure and high requirements for the preparation process, which causes the problems of long preparation process, high production cost and the like. In addition, the conventional polarizer has poor flexibility, is difficult to be distributed according to electromagnetic waves, and has limited application scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems of high precision requirement of a preparation process, long process and high production cost caused by the fact that an electromagnetic wave polarizer in the prior art needs to realize polarization through a microstructure or a super surface which is orderly arranged.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the high polymer material doping comprises a main body, wherein the main body is made of the high polymer material, a plurality of metal particles with the same direction are doped in the main body in a non-sequential mode, gaps are formed between every two adjacent metal particles, and the gaps are used for polarization regulation of electromagnetic waves.
In the technical scheme, the main body of the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is made of a high polymer material, and the high polymer material has certain flexibility and can improve the application prospect of the polarization regulating material to a certain extent according to electromagnetic wave distribution. The plurality of metal particles doped in the polymer material are uniformly distributed in the polymer material, and the directions of the metal particles are consistent or basically consistent, so that gaps with enough sizes exist between the adjacent metal particles, the electromagnetic waves in the electric field direction along the gaps can penetrate through the polarization regulating material, the electromagnetic waves in the electric field direction perpendicular to the gaps are intercepted by the polarization regulating material, and finally the electromagnetic waves penetrating through the polarization regulating material are polarization waves.
In one or more embodiments, the polarization control material may be formed into a sheet or other desired shape, and in some embodiments, the polarization control material may be directly wrapped on the device through additive manufacturing, so as to achieve the purpose of only allowing transmission of useful signals and shielding incidence of other polarized waves.
In one or more embodiments, the electromagnetic waves are preferably high-frequency band electromagnetic waves, including microwave millimeter waves and terahertz waves.
In some embodiments, the polarization modulating material is fabricated using 3D printing. Specifically, the metal particles with a certain mass ratio are added into the polymer material in a molten state, and the polymer material is uniformly stirred and then is formed by 3D printing.
In the technical scheme, the metal particles with the same direction in the main body are utilized, so that the metal slits on the whole macroscopic surface of the polarization regulating material can be realized, the polarization modulation of incident electromagnetic waves is realized, compared with the traditional electromagnetic wave polarizer, the electromagnetic wave polarization modulation can be realized without arranging a complex and fine microstructure or a super surface, the rapid production can be realized by adopting an additive manufacturing technology, the preparation process is greatly simplified, and the production efficiency is obviously improved; in addition, the polarization control material can have a determined shape to meet specific application scenes, such as polarized wave detection, can also realize the communication of the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave by utilizing the spatial superposition of a plurality of polarization control sheets in the transmission direction of the electromagnetic wave, can also be used as a coating to be wrapped on the surface of a device to realize the function of only allowing the transmission of useful signals, and has wide application prospect.
Further, the mass ratio of the total mass of the plurality of metal particles to the mass of the main body is 10-30%. When the doping amount of the metal particles is less than 10%, the distance between the adjacent metal particles is narrow, the polarization regulating material is difficult to form macroscopic regulation and control, and the polarization rate is low; when the doping amount of the metal particles is more than 30%, the overall flexibility of the polarization control material is reduced, and the application scene of the polarization control material is limited, so that the doping amount of the metal particles is preferably 10-30%.
Further, the shape of the metal particles is sheet-shaped, strip-shaped or spherical.
Further, the shape of the metal particles is a square plate. When the doped metal particles are metal square sheets, the polarization regulating material has a two-dimensional characteristic, when the polarization regulating material is incident from different directions, polarization is realized in one direction, and shielding of waves is realized in the other direction.
Further, the material of the metal particles is at least one of copper, gold and silver.
Further, the polymer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin elastomer, nylon and polyvinylidene fluoride. Preferably, the polymer material is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Further, the width of a gap between the adjacent metal particles is 20-120 mu m.
Further, the polarizability of the polarization regulating material is 80% or more. Because the metal particles are distributed in the high polymer material in a disordered manner, and the complete consistency of the space and the direction of all the metal particles cannot be ensured in the production process, the situation of poor local polarization effect may occur, but experiments show that the whole polarizability of the planned regulating and controlling material can be more than or equal to 80% under the premise of ensuring the doping amount, and the polarization effect is not weaker than that of an electromagnetic wave polarizer, a polarization grating and the like which need to be precisely manufactured in the prior art.
The invention also provides an application of the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material, the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material can be used for regulating and controlling the electromagnetic wave polarization into polarized waves, and the polarization regulating material can be used for detecting whether the incident waves are polarized waves or not, and can penetrate through the polarization regulating material when the incident waves are polarized waves of which the electric field direction is along the gaps, and can not penetrate through the polarization regulating material otherwise.
The invention also provides another application of the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material, and the polarization regulating material is covered on the surface of a device through a 3D printing process and is used for transmitting specific polarized waves and shielding other polarized waves except the specific polarized waves. The traditional electromagnetic wave polarizer mostly has a specific shape, for example, the polarization grating is used for polarizing electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic wave polarizer cannot be directly applied to devices with specific structures, other matched devices are additionally arranged, the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material provided by the invention can be manufactured and coated on the surface of the devices by using additive materials, and the purpose of only allowing useful signals to be transmitted and shielding incidence of other polarized waves is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the metal particles with the same direction in the main body are utilized, the metal slits on the whole macroscopic surface of the polarization regulating material can be realized, so that the polarization modulation of incident electromagnetic waves is realized, compared with the traditional electromagnetic wave polarizer, the electromagnetic wave polarization modulation can be realized without arranging a complex and fine microstructure or a super surface, the rapid production can be realized by adopting an additive manufacturing technology, the preparation process is greatly simplified, and the production efficiency is obviously improved;
2. the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material provided by the invention not only can have a determined shape to meet specific application scenes, such as polarized wave detection, but also can be used as a coating to be wrapped on the surface of a device to realize the function of only allowing useful signals to transmit, and has wide application prospect;
3. according to the invention, the doping amount of the metal particles is controlled to be 10-30%, so that the polarization regulating material has a polarizability of more than 80%, and the polarization regulating material is ensured to have enough flexibility on the whole;
4. when the doped metal particles are metal square sheets, the polarization regulating material has two-dimensional characteristics, when the doped metal particles are incident from different directions, polarization is realized in one direction, and wave shielding is realized in the other direction.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control wafer doped with metal strips according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control wafer doped with a metal sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating that when the tuning control chip doped with the metal sheet is incident from different directions in the embodiment of the present invention, wave polarization is realized in one direction, and wave shielding is realized in the other direction.
1-body, 2-metal strip, 3-metal sheet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
The term "connected" used herein may be either directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the doping of the polymer material as shown in fig. 1 comprises a main body 1, the outline of which is shown by a dotted line in fig. 1, wherein the main body 1 is made of the polymer material, a plurality of metal particles with the same direction are doped in the main body 1 in a disordered manner, gaps are formed between the adjacent metal particles, and the gaps are used for the polarization regulation of the electromagnetic wave.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the total mass of the plurality of metal particles to the mass of the main body 1 is 10-30%. Preferably, the mass ratio is 20 to 30%, and more preferably, the mass ratio is 30%.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the metal particles are metal strips 2. In some embodiments, the metal particles may also be in the shape of platelets or spheres.
In some embodiments, the material of the metal particles is at least one of copper, gold, and silver.
In some embodiments, the polymer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin elastomer, nylon, and polyvinylidene fluoride. Preferably, the polymer material is polytetrafluoroethylene.
In some embodiments, the width of the gap between adjacent metal particles is 20-120 μm.
In some embodiments, the polarization regulating material has a polarizability of 80% or more.
The metal particles with the same direction in the main body are utilized, the metal slits of the polarization control material on the whole macroscopic surface can be achieved, and therefore polarization modulation of incident electromagnetic waves is achieved.
Example 2:
based on the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the metal particles are metal sheets 3 that are not required to be distributed in the main body 1 and have the same direction.
When the doped metal particles are metal square sheets, the polarization control material has a two-dimensional characteristic, as shown in fig. 3, when the light enters from different directions, polarization is realized in one direction, and shielding of waves is realized in the other direction.
Example 3:
on the basis of the above embodiment, the electromagnetic wave polarization control material is used for detecting whether an incident wave is a polarized wave. When the incident wave is the polarized wave with the electric field direction along the slit, the incident wave can penetrate through the polarization regulating material, and otherwise, the incident wave cannot penetrate through the polarization regulating material.
Example 4:
on the basis of the above embodiment, the polarization control material is covered on the surface of the device through a 3D printing process, and is used for transmitting a specific polarized wave and shielding other polarized waves except the specific polarized wave. In some scenes, when only waves with a certain polarization direction are expected to enter the device, the device can be wrapped by a 3D printing process at the periphery of the device, so that the purposes of shielding incidence of other polarized waves and transmitting useful signals are achieved.
The traditional electromagnetic wave polarizer mostly has a specific shape, for example, the polarization grating is used for polarizing electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic wave polarizer cannot be directly applied to devices with specific structures, other matched devices are additionally arranged, the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material provided by the invention can be manufactured and coated on the surface of the devices by using additive materials, and the purpose of only allowing useful signals to be transmitted and shielding incidence of other polarized waves is realized.
Therefore, the method can be used for manufacturing a sheet with certain flexibility, and can also be used as a coating to be coated on the surface of a device, so that the method has a wide application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the doping of the high polymer material comprises a main body (1), and is characterized in that the main body (1) is made of the high polymer material, a plurality of metal particles with the same direction and structure are doped in the main body (1), the mass ratio of the total mass of the metal particles to the mass of the main body (1) is 10-30%, gaps are formed between adjacent metal particles, the gaps are used for the polarization regulation of the electromagnetic wave, and the width of the gaps between the adjacent metal particles is 20-120 mu m; the metal particles are made of at least one of copper, gold and silver, and the high polymer material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefin elastomer, nylon and polyvinylidene fluoride.
2. The electromagnetic wave polarization control material based on polymer material doping of claim 1, wherein the shape of the metal particles is sheet, strip, sphere.
3. The electromagnetic wave polarization control material based on polymer material doping of claim 2, wherein the shape of the metal particles is a square plate.
4. The electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the doping of the high polymer material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polarization rate of the polarization regulating material is greater than or equal to 80%.
5. The application of the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is characterized in that the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the high polymer material doping according to any one of claims 1-4, and the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is used for detecting whether incident waves are polarized waves or not.
6. The application of the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is characterized in that the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material based on the high polymer material doping in any one of claims 1-4, and the electromagnetic wave polarization regulating material is covered on the surface of a device through a 3D printing process and is used for transmitting specific polarized waves and shielding other polarized waves except the specific polarized waves.
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| JP4138681B2 (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2008-08-27 | 日東電工株式会社 | Method for producing twisted and tilted oriented film |
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| US10305179B2 (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-05-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna structure with doped antenna body |
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| CN104124527A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 南京邮电大学 | High-isolation slot antenna array |
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