CN108550992A - A kind of super surface convex reflecting mirror that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position - Google Patents
A kind of super surface convex reflecting mirror that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position Download PDFInfo
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- CN108550992A CN108550992A CN201810315479.6A CN201810315479A CN108550992A CN 108550992 A CN108550992 A CN 108550992A CN 201810315479 A CN201810315479 A CN 201810315479A CN 108550992 A CN108550992 A CN 108550992A
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- super surface
- electromagnetic wave
- polarization
- polarized state
- beam position
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of super surface convex reflecting mirror that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position, mainly solve the problems, such as that existing electromagnetic wave adjusting device in convex surface while can not regulate and control polarized state and beam position, including carrier and post the super surface on the carrier cylinders shape convex surface, super surface is formed by m × n super surface cell periodic arrangements, super surface cell includes dielectric-slab, metal resonant ring patch and metal floor, metal resonant ring patch uses rectangle ring structure, its arbitrary angle on one side between the direction of an electric field of incident linear polarised electromagnetic wave is 45 degree, for generating two electric field components of main polarization and cross polarization in 90 ° of phase differences, and the size of two length of sides by adjusting rectangle ring structure, polarization conversion efficiency and reflected phase can be regulated and controled.The present invention may be implemented linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave and be converted into other arbitrary polarized plane electromagnetic waves, while realize the regulation and control of beam position, can be used for microwave telecommunication system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of micro communication, more particularly to a kind of polarized state regulates and controls super simultaneously with beam position
Surface convex reflecting mirror, can be used for microwave communication and radar-probing system.
Technical background
In a wireless communication system, polarized state and the direction of propagation are two most bases that microwave communication is carried out using electromagnetic wave
This parameter.For different wireless communication systems, the requirement to polarization of electromagnetic wave state and transmission direction is all not quite similar,
For example, generally being communicated using omnidirectional's linear polarised electromagnetic wave in mobile phone wireless communication network, ground generally makes with satellite communication
It is communicated with highly directional circular polarisation electromagnetic wave, and radar detection then needs a variety of different types of antennas to adapt to different spies
Survey demand.
In order to make electromagnetic wave meet the demand of different wireless communication systems, need to polarization of electromagnetic wave state or biography
Direction is broadcast to be regulated and controled.Existing research designs the regulation and control of electromagnetic wave, is typically only capable to solely realize polarization conversion or change
Become the transmission direction of electromagnetic wave, it is difficult to regulate and control while realizing polarized state with beam position.For example, Authorization Notice No. is CN
104638321 B, the Chinese patent of entitled " polarization converter based on Multilayer Frequency-Selective Surfaces ", disclose a kind of period
Property unit composition planar structure, periodic cells realize line pole using the structure of corner cut type square patch and the combination of square ring
Change conversion of the electromagnetic wave to other polarized electromagnetic waves, but the structure size of each periodic cells is identical, Wu Fatong
When regulate and control the transmission direction of electromagnetic wave, and be difficult to apply in the curved profile of convex structure.For another example, Authorization Notice No. CN
102983413 B, the Chinese patent of entitled " reflecting surface of reflectarray antenna ", disclose a kind of plane reflection face structure,
The structure uses various sizes of man-made structures unit, realizes the regulation and control to beam position, improves the gain of antenna, still
The artificial structural unit has used the structure of plane flakes, can not regulate and control polarization of electromagnetic wave state simultaneously, it is very difficult to answer
Curved profile for convex structure.
In conclusion regulation and control of the existing research for polarization of ele state or transmission direction, can only realize wherein one
The regulation and control of a parameter, and it is only limitted to planar structure.However, with science and technology it is growing, the wireless communication systems such as radar towards
Multifunction, the direction for minimizing, being readily integrated into carrier are developed, and the transmitting and receiving apparatus of the electromagnetic waves such as antenna is posted
Integrated design will be further realized in the convex surface shape of the communications carriers such as aircraft, the ruler of communication equipment can be greatly reduced
It is very little, have great importance to wireless communication systems such as radar detections.But it is difficult to realize pole using convex surface manipulation electromagnetic wave
Change is all converted into identical state at different locations, it is more difficult to while regulating and controlling the direction of electromagnetic wave, therefore existing electromagnetic wave
The application range of polarization conversion device and the equipment of beam position regulation and control, which is difficult to be generalized on convex surface, to be loaded.
Invention content
Present invention aims in view of the deficiency of the prior art, propose that a kind of polarized state and beam position are same
When the super surface convex reflecting mirror that regulates and controls, by posting one layer of super surface texture on cylindrical convex surface carrier, using it is multiple not
With oblique 45 degree of sub-wavelength straight-flanked ring patch of size, linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave can be converted into other arbitrary polarization plane electricity
Magnetic wave, while realizing freely regulating and controlling to reflected beam direction.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：
A kind of super surface convex reflecting mirror that polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position, including carrier 1 and super surface 2,
Wherein：
The carrier 1 uses outer surface for the stereochemical structure of cylindrical convex surface.
The super surface 2 is formed, m >=5, n >=5 by m × n 21 periodic arrangements of super surface cell, and the super surface is single
Gold of the member 21 including dielectric-slab 211, the metal resonant ring patch 212 and another side that are printed on 211 1 sides of dielectric-slab
Possession plate 213, the metal resonant ring patch 212 use rectangle ring structure, arbitrary one side and incident linear polarised electromagnetic wave
Electric fieldAngle between direction is 45 degree, is in the main polarization of 90 ° of phase differences for generatingAnd cross polarizationTwo electric fields
Component, the size of two length of sides of rectangle ring structure, by the polarization conversion of rectangle ring structure present position on super surface 2
Efficiency eta and main polarization reflected phaseIt determines.
The super surface 2 posts in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier 1, for realizing by incident linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave
It is converted into the plane electromagnetic wave of other arbitrary polarized states, while realizing the regulation and control of beam position.
The main polarization reflected phaseCalculation formula be：
Wherein, θ is that the reflected beam to be realized of super surface 2 is directed toward, and k is propagation constant, h0It is spherical electromagnetic wave transmitting
The distance of central point on source to speculum convex surface, △ x, △ y and △ h are that rectangle ring structure arrives reflection in the x, y and z directions respectively
The distance of central point on mirror convex surface,It is arbitrary phase constant.
The super surface convex reflecting mirror that above-mentioned polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position, the rectangle ring structure,
The polarization conversion efficiency eta of present position on super surface 2, by the polarized state of 2 reflection electromagnetic wave to be realized of the super surface
It determines, and 0≤η≤1, wherein η=0 when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is main linear polarization, when the polarization of reflection electromagnetic wave
η=0.5 when state is circular polarisation, η=1 when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is crossed linear polarization, when reflection electromagnetic wave
When polarized state is other types of elliptic polarization, η is other numerical value in addition to 0,0.5 and 1.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that：
1, of the invention since super surface posts in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier, super surface is by multiple super surface cell periods
Property arrange, the metal resonant ring patch of super surface cell uses rectangle ring structure, and straight-flanked ring is arbitrary on one side and incident ray pole
The angle changed between the direction of an electric field of electromagnetic wave is 45 degree, can generate the main polarization and cross polarization two in 90 ° of phase differences
Electric field component, and the size of two length of sides of straight-flanked ring is by the polarization of straight-flanked ring present position in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier
Transfer efficiency and main polarization reflected phase determine, can incident linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave be converted into other arbitrary polarization shapes
The plane electromagnetic wave of state, while realizing the regulation and control of beam position, expand the application range of existing electromagnetic wave adjusting device.
2, super surface of the invention is easy to post the communications such as aircraft due to posting in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier
In the convex surface shape of carrier.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the super surface cell structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the beam position regulation and control of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that the reflected phase of the super surface cell of the embodiment of the present invention changes analogous diagram with frequency；
Fig. 5 is that the polarization conversion efficiency of the super surface cell of the embodiment of the present invention changes analogous diagram with frequency；
Fig. 6 is the analogous diagram of the reflected field of the super surface convex reflecting mirror of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 be the super surface convex reflecting mirror of the embodiment of the present invention far field axis than analogous diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Referring to Fig.1, the present invention includes carrier 1 and super surface 2, and carrier 1 uses outer surface for the solid of cylindrical convex surface
Structure, super surface 2 are formed by 40 × 40 21 periodic arrangements of super surface cell, and super surface 2 posts the circular cylindrical projection in carrier 1
On face, for realizing incident linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave to be converted into the plane electromagnetic wave of other arbitrary polarized states, simultaneously
Realize the regulation and control of beam position.
Super surface cell 21, structure is as shown in Fig. 2, including dielectric-slab 211, be printed on 211 1 sides of dielectric-slab
The metal floor 213 of metal resonant ring patch 212 and another side.The relative dielectric constant of dielectric-slab 211 is 4.4, in x
All it is 5mm with the period on the directions y.Metal resonant ring patch 212 uses rectangle ring structure, in order to make two sides of straight-flanked ring
The angle that can be formed with the directions x y is 45 degree, and wherein ring width is 0.3mm.The electric field of incident electromagnetic waveDirection is y
Direction, frequency range are 14.8GHz to 15.2GHz, the electric field on straight-flanked ring arbitrary one side and incident linear polarised electromagnetic waveDirection
Between angle be 45 degree, can make reflection electromagnetic wave generate it is main polarizationAnd cross polarizationTwo electric field components, andWithPhase difference90 ° of holding is constant, if angle is not 45 degree,WithPhase difference can be with frequency and rectangle
The change in size of ring cannot achieve the constant feature of phase difference.The size a and b of two length of sides of rectangle ring structure, by it super
The polarization conversion efficiency eta and main polarization reflected phase of present position on surface 2It determines, wherein straight-flanked ring size dimension is a's
Direction where side, rotates that 45 degree of direction is identical with x-axis counterclockwise, and straight-flanked ring size dimension is the direction where the side of b, with
The direction that x-axis rotates clockwise 45 degree is identical.By adjusting the size a and b of the straight-flanked ring length of side, may be implemented between arbitrary 0 to 1
Crossed linear polarization efficiency eta and 0 ° to 360 ° between main polarization reflected phaseDue to90 ° of holding is not
Become, therefore can also realize the crossed linear polarization reflected phase between arbitrary 0 ° to 360 °The present embodiment chooses a=3.46mm
And two kinds of sizes of b=2.42mm and a=1.16mm and b=5.62mm lay down a definition explanation.
The polarization conversion efficiency eta of rectangle ring structure present position on super surface 2, is defined asBy institute
The polarized state for stating the reflection electromagnetic wave that super surface 2 to be realized determines, and 0≤η≤1, wherein ryAnd rxRefer respectively to electromagnetism
Reflectance factor of the wave on the main polarization directions y and on the directions cross polarization x.When the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is main linear polarization
When, at this time without cross polarization reflectance factor rxIt generates, therefore η=0；When the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is circular polarisation, this
When main polarization reflectance factor ryWith cross polarization reflectance factor rxIt is equal, therefore η=0.5；When the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is
When crossed linear polarization, at this time without main polarization reflectance factor ryIt generates, therefore η=1；Main line polarization, circular polarisation and crossed linear polarization
Belong to a kind of special elliptic polarization, when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is other types of elliptic polarization, η be except 0,
Other numerical value other than 0.5 and 1 can be determined by required elliptic polarization axis ratio.The present embodiment selects the square of η=0.5
Shape ring size a and b reflects for realizing circular polarisation, and it is main polarization that the incident main polarization electromagnetic wave in the directions y can reflect the directions generation y
With the linear polarised electromagnetic wave of two components of the directions x cross polarization, circular polarisation electricity is formd after the combination superposition of the two polarization components
Magnetic wave is combined realization to illustrate that other arbitrary polarized electromagnetic waves again may be by the two polarization components.
The main polarization reflected phase of rectangle ring structure C points in present position on super surface 2It can be according to light path phase phase
Deng feature calculated, operation principle is as shown in Figure 3.Spherical electromagnetic wave is emitted by the emission source at P points position,
After the phase regulation and control on super surface 2, back wave is all directed to angle, θ, path at the different location on super surface 2With road
DiameterLength difference beBy
It is 0 in the phase difference of wavefront B and D point, can obtainsTherefore C points is main polarization
Reflected phaseFor：
Wherein, h0It is distance of the P points to A points, A points are the central points on speculum convex surface, refer specifically to convex surface
Intersection point of the two shortest arc lines that angle steel joint is formed by connecting on the convex surface, △ x, △ y and △ h are C points respectively in x, y and the side z
The distance of A points is arrived upwards, k is propagation constant,It is the reflected phase of A points, is arbitrary constant.When required reflection angle θ is true
After fixed, so that it may main polarization reflected phase is calculatedCrossed linear polarization reflected phaseIt can also determine therewith, this implementation
Example chooses θ=30 °, and using the waveguide of WR62 standard rectangulars as spherical electromagnetic wave emission source, working frequency is at 15GHz, pole
Change direction is the directions y.
The present invention design cycle be：Super surface cell 21 is emulated first, obtains polarization conversion efficiency eta and main pole
Change reflected phaseWith the database of size a and the b variation of straight-flanked ring, then according to the pole of the reflection electromagnetic wave of required realization
Change state and beam position θ come determine η of the super surface 2 in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier 1 at different location andAnd pass through
The polarization direction of incident electromagnetic wave determines the direction of straight-flanked ring, finally according to required η andStraight-flanked ring is chosen from database
Size a and b, realize the design of super surface convex reflecting mirror.
Below in conjunction with l-G simulation test, the technique effect of the present invention is described further.
1, simulated conditions and content
1.1 simulated conditions：Above-described embodiment is emulated using business simulation software CST Microwave Studio.
1.2 emulation content：
(1) reflected phase to the super surface cell of above-described embodiment and polarization conversion efficiency are carried out with frequency variation relation
Simulation calculation, it is as a result as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 respectively.
(2) reflected field to the super surface convex reflecting mirror of above-described embodiment and far field axis ratio carry out simulation calculation, knot
Fruit difference is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
2, analysis of simulation result
With reference to Fig. 4, when straight-flanked ring takes a=3.46mm and b=2.42mm and a=1.16mm and b=5.62mm two respectively
It is main polarization poor with cross-polarized reflected phase when kind size90 ° are remained under 14.8GHz-15.2GHz frequencies
It is constant, when frequency is 15GHz, main polarization reflected phaseIt is 145 ° and 50 °, reality respectively under two kinds of different rectangle ring sizes
Different main polarization reflected phases is showed
With reference to Fig. 5, when straight-flanked ring takes a=3.46mm and b=2.42mm and a=1.16mm and b=5.62mm two respectively
When kind size, polarization conversion efficiency can keep identical η=0.5 in 15GHz, realize the tune to polarization conversion efficiency
Control.
The simulation result explanation of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 can be poor in reflected phase when rectangle ring size a and b changeIt keeps
Under the premise of constant, realize to reflected phaseRegulation and control, while make reflection electromagnetic wave be circular polarization state.
With reference to Fig. 6, in 15GHz, the reflection direction of electric field is 30 degree of directions, reflection angle θ=30 ° one with design
It causes, realizes the regulation and control being directed toward to electromagnetic beam.
With reference to Fig. 7, in 15GHz, the far field axis in 30 degree of directions is than substantially close to 1, showing good circle
Polarization characteristic realizes conversion of the linear polarization to circular polarisation.
The above simulation result explanation, super surface convex reflecting mirror of the invention, super surface posts the circular cylindrical projection in carrier
On face, the metal resonant ring patch of super surface cell uses oblique 45 ° of straight-flanked ring paster structure, by adjusting straight-flanked ring patch
Size at super surface different location, the spherical electromagnetic wave for realizing linear polarization are converted to the plane electromagnetic wave of circular polarisation,
Beam position is regulated to 30 degree of directions simultaneously.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that for those skilled in the art, is being understood
After the content of present invention and principle, all in form and details various may be carried out without departing substantially from inventive principle, structure
Modifications and variations, but these modifications and variations based on inventive concept still the present invention claims it
It is interior.
Claims (2)
1. the super surface convex reflecting mirror that a kind of polarized state regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position, which is characterized in that including carrier (1)
With super surface (2), wherein：
The carrier (1), uses outer surface for the stereochemical structure of cylindrical convex surface；
The super surface (2) is formed, m >=5, n >=5 by m × n super surface cell (21) periodic arrangements, and the super surface is single
First (21) include dielectric-slab (211), be printed on (211) sides of dielectric-slab metal resonant ring patch (212) and another
The metal floor (213) of side, the metal resonant ring patch (212) use rectangle ring structure, arbitrary one side and incident ray
The electric field of polarized electromagnetic waveAngle between direction is 45 degree, is in the main polarization of 90 ° of phase differences for generatingAnd cross-pole
ChangeTwo electric field components, the size of two length of sides of rectangle ring structure are residing on super surface (2) by the rectangle ring structure
The polarization conversion efficiency eta and main polarization reflected phase of positionIt determines；
The super surface (2) posts in the cylindrical convex surface of carrier (1), for realizing by incident linear polarization spherical electromagnetic wave
It is converted into the plane electromagnetic wave of other arbitrary polarized states, while realizing the regulation and control of beam position；
The main polarization reflected phaseCalculation formula be：
Wherein, θ is that the reflected beam to be realized of super surface (2) is directed toward, and k is propagation constant, h0It is that spherical electromagnetic wave emission source arrives
The distance of central point on speculum convex surface, △ x, △ y and △ h are that arrive speculum in the x, y and z directions convex respectively for rectangle ring structure
The distance of central point on face,It is arbitrary phase constant.
2. the super surface convex reflecting mirror that a kind of polarized state according to claim 1 regulates and controls simultaneously with beam position,
It is characterized in that, the rectangle ring structure, the polarization conversion efficiency eta of present position on super surface (2), by the super surface
(2) polarized state of the reflection electromagnetic wave to be realized determines, and 0≤η≤1, wherein the polarized state when reflection electromagnetic wave is
η=0 when main line polarizes, η=0.5 when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave is circular polarisation, when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave
For crossed linear polarization when η=1, when the polarized state of reflection electromagnetic wave be other types of elliptic polarization when, η be except 0,0.5 and 1
Other numerical value in addition.
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| CN201711472258 | 2017-12-29 | ||
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113328260A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-31 | 电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof |
| CN114865331A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-05 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Polarized domain and space domain nonreciprocal super-surface device and control method |
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| CN206180122U (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-17 | 东南大学 | Do you be applied to terahertz bands's 3 super material structure of bit transmission -type electromagnetic coding |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113328260A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-31 | 电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof |
| CN113328260B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-05-27 | 电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic wave polarization regulating and controlling material based on high polymer material doping and application thereof |
| CN114865331A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-05 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Polarized domain and space domain nonreciprocal super-surface device and control method |
| CN114865331B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国信息通信研究院 | Polarization domain and space domain nonreciprocal super-surface device and control method |
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