CN113325575A - Polarization aberration correction system of free-form surface optical system - Google Patents
Polarization aberration correction system of free-form surface optical system Download PDFInfo
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- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
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Abstract
A free-form surface polarization aberration correction system belongs to the field of optical system polarization aberration, and aims to solve the influence caused by the free-form surface optical system polarization aberration. According to the structure of the free-form surface optical system, the polarization aberration of the system is calculated by utilizing an algorithm, the polarization aberration of the system is calibrated, the influence of the polarization aberration is reduced by utilizing image processing, and the correction of the polarization aberration of the free-form surface optical system is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polarization aberration of optical systems, and particularly relates to a free-form surface polarization aberration correction system.
Background
The free-form surface is an unconventional surface which cannot be expressed by spherical or aspherical coefficients, is usually non-rotationally symmetrical, has a flexible structure and more variables, provides more possibilities for optical design, can greatly reduce the aberration of an optical system, and reduces the volume, weight and number of lenses of the system.
However, in the imaging process of the free-form surface system, due to the non-rotational symmetric structure of the free-form surface system, the change of the polarization state of light rays can be caused, so that polarization aberration is generated, and the imaging quality and the measurement accuracy of the satellite-borne long-focus imaging system and the airborne large-field-of-view imaging system have non-negligible influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a free-form surface optical system polarization aberration real-time correction system for solving the influence caused by free-form surface optical system polarization aberration. The system can calculate the system polarization aberration of the free-form surface optical system by utilizing an algorithm according to the structure of the free-form surface optical system, and then reduces the influence of the polarization aberration by utilizing image processing, thereby realizing the correction of the free-form surface optical system polarization aberration.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a free-form surface optical system polarization aberration correction system is characterized by comprising a free-form surface optical system, a polarized light tracking module, a visible light detector, an image processing module and an imaging display module, wherein the free-form surface optical system acquires a target light beam and images on the visible light detector, the polarized light tracking module calculates polarization aberration by the structure of the free-form surface optical system, the image processing module processes an image formed on the visible light detector by combining the calculated polarization aberration, the influence of the polarization aberration on the image is compensated, and finally the image with the corrected polarization aberration is displayed by the imaging display module.
The free-form surface optical system is an optical system composed of free-form surfaces and mainly acquires optical information within a view field range.
The polarized light tracking module obtains free-form surface structure parameters to solve polarization aberration of the system, firstly, a free-form surface light tracking model is established according to the structure parameters of the free-form surface optical system, phase aberration of the system is obtained through Pouli decomposition, then, two-way attenuation of the system is obtained through singular value decomposition, phase delay of the system is obtained through decomposition, difference calculation is carried out on the two-way attenuation and the system phase delay and an ideal free-form surface optical system, and error of system imaging is solved.
The detector is an FLIR-BFS-PGE-51S5P visible light detector, the resolution is 2448 multiplied by 2048, the data interface GigE, the frame rate is 24fps, and the chip type COMS.
And the image processing module is used for carrying out polarization aberration correction on the image acquired by the visible light detector according to the polarization aberration of the optical system calculated by the polarization tracking module.
And the imaging display module displays the image processed by the image processing module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the structure of the free-form surface optical system, the polarization aberration of the system is calculated by utilizing an algorithm, the polarization aberration of the system is calibrated, the basis for subsequent image processing is provided by mastering the error of the system, the influence of the polarization aberration is reduced by utilizing the image processing, and the correction of the polarization aberration of the free-form surface optical system is realized.
2. According to the polarization aberration calculated by the algorithm, the influence of image processing on the polarization aberration of the image is corrected, and the imaging error caused by the optical system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a free-form surface optical system polarization aberration correction system according to the present invention.
The system comprises a 1-free curved surface optical system, a 2-polarized light tracking module, a 3-visible light detector, a 4-image processing module and a 5-imaging display module.
FIG. 2 is a tracking flow chart of the polarized light tracking module for calculating the polarization aberration of the system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a free-form surface optical system polarization aberration correction system includes a free-form surface optical system 1, a polarized light tracking module 2, a visible light detector 3, an image processing module 4, and an imaging display module 5, where the free-form surface optical system 1 acquires a target light beam and images the target light beam on the visible light detector 3, the polarized light tracking module 2 calculates a polarization aberration from the structure of the free-form surface optical system 1, the image processing module 4 processes an image formed on the visible light detector 3 by combining the calculated polarization aberration, compensates an influence of the polarization aberration on the image, and finally the imaging display module 5 displays the image with the polarization aberration corrected.
The free-form optical system 1 acquires optical information within a field of view.
The polarized light tracking module 2 calculates the polarization aberration of the system according to the free-form surface structure parameters, firstly establishes a free-form surface light tracking model according to the structure parameters of the free-form surface optical system 1, obtains the phase aberration of the system through Pouli decomposition, then obtains the two-way attenuation of the system through singular value decomposition, obtains the phase delay of the system through decomposition, calculates the difference between the two-way attenuation and the system phase delay and the ideal free-form surface optical system, and calculates the imaging error of the system.
The visible light detector 3 is an FLIR-BFS-PGE-51S5P visible light detector, the resolution is 2448 multiplied by 2048, the data interface GigE, the frame rate is 24fps, and the chip type COMS.
And the image processing module 4 performs polarization aberration correction on the image acquired by the visible light detector according to the polarization aberration of the optical system calculated by the polarized light tracking module.
The imaging display module 5 displays the image processed by the image processing module 4.
The working process is as follows, the structural parameters of the free-form surface optical system 1 are resolved into the polarization aberration of the system through the polarization tracking module 2, a free-form surface light tracking model is established according to the structural parameters of the free-form surface optical system 1, the phase aberration of the system is obtained through Pouli decomposition, the two-way attenuation of the system is obtained through singular value decomposition, the phase delay of the system is obtained through decomposition, the two-way attenuation and the system phase delay are subjected to difference calculation with the ideal free-form surface optical system, and the imaging error of the system is resolved; meanwhile, the free-form surface optical system acquires an image in a field range and sends the image to the image visible light detector, the image acquired by the detector is combined with the polarized light tracking module 2 to solve the polarized aberration and carry out image processing in the image processing module 4, the two-way attenuation and phase delay influence caused by the polarized aberration are compensated, the polarized aberration correction of the whole free-form surface system is completed, and the processed image is output to the image display module 5 after the processing is completed and displayed.
The tracking process of the polarized light tracking module 2 for calculating the polarization aberration of the system is shown in fig. 2: a free-form surface polarized light ray tracing model is established, a light ray propagation vector kr is added into a traditional two-dimensional Jones matrix, and a global vector polarization conversion matrix P is obtained through polarized light ray tracingtotalThe polarization characteristics of the optical system with the free-form surface can be better analyzed.
The phase aberration of the system is obtained by the Poillion decomposition: jones matrix
Is a complex matrix of 2 x 2, and can be represented by an identity matrix sigma0And the pauli matrix σk(k is 1,2, 3):
wherein ,ckIs σkCoefficient of (p)k and φkRespectively correspond to ckReal and imaginary parts of (c). Such polarization changes of the optical system along different optical paths can be implemented as a polarization aberration function
To show that:
phase term therein
Wave aberration function of geometric optics
The relationship between the two is as follows:
the vector expression of the polarization aberration of the off-axis system after the Pouli decomposition is as follows:
wherein ,Ptuvwx＝Atuvwx+iΦtuvwxDenotes the polarization aberration coefficient, Atuvwx and ΦtuvwxAre respectively PtuvwxThe real and imaginary parts of (c), t the type of polarization, and u the field of view
Order of dependence, v denotes the pair
The order of the dependence, w, denotes the dependence on the angle phi in the entrance pupil coordinates (p, phi).
Singular value decomposition yields the two-way attenuation of the system: to obtainP oftotalSingular value decomposition is carried out:
polarization transformation matrix PtotalIs decomposed into two unitary matrices U, V and a diagonal matrix D. Wherein, the diagonal matrix D comprises Λ1、Λ2(Λ1≥Λ2) Is a polarization transformation matrix PtotalThe characteristic value of (2). In the matrix
Respectively corresponding to the transmission direction of the incident light and the transmission direction of the emergent light after Q times of refraction and reflection. v. of1、v2 and u1、u2The intrinsic polarization states in the entrance pupil surface and the tone-splitting surface of the optical system respectively correspond to the intrinsic polarization states, and the intrinsic polarization states satisfy the following relation:
Ptotal·v1＝Λ1u1，Ptotal·v2＝Λ2u2，Ptotal·k0＝kQ；
according to the definition of the two-way attenuation,
singular value decomposition obtains the phase delay of the system: when the light is refracted and reflected on the optical element, the phase caused by local coordinate system transformation is generated, the phase is removed to obtain the phase which actually changes the polarization state, and a phase conversion matrix Q is introducedtotal：
wherein ,
order to
To MtotalSingular value decomposition is carried out:
wherein, the diagonal matrix D comprises Λ1、Λ2(Λ1≥Λ2) Is a polarization transformation matrix MtotalIs defined by the phase delay, δ ═ arg (Λ)1)-arg(Λ2)；
Setting a normal vector of a free-form surface: the surface shape of the free-form surface is expressed by a stripe Zernike expression, and the normal vector of the reflecting surface is set as
Wherein (x, y) is the intersection point coordinate of the incident ray and the free-form surface reflector;
obtaining the phase aberration, two-way attenuation and phase delay of the off-axis free-form surface optical system, and making difference between the phase aberration, two-way attenuation and phase delay of the off-axis free-form surface optical system and the aberration of the off-axis system without the free-form surface to obtain the influence of the free-form surface on the polarization aberration of the off-axis optical system; and adjusting Zernike coefficients representing the free-form surface to obtain the influence of the free-form surface on the overall polarization characteristic distribution of the system.
Claims (6)
1. The free-form surface optical system polarization aberration correction system comprises a free-form surface optical system (1), a polarized light tracking module (2), a visible light detector (3), an image processing module (4) and an imaging display module (5), wherein the free-form surface optical system (1) acquires a target light beam and images on the visible light detector (3), meanwhile, the polarized light tracking module (2) calculates the polarization aberration by the structure of the free-form surface optical system (1), the image processing module (4) processes an image formed on the visible light detector (3) by combining the calculated polarization aberration, the influence of the polarization aberration on the image is compensated, and finally, the image is displayed by the imaging display module (5) and the image with the polarization aberration corrected.
2. The free-form optical system polarization aberration correction system of claim 1, wherein: the free-form surface optical system (1) acquires optical information within a field of view.
3. The free-form optical system polarization aberration correction system of claim 1, wherein: the polarized light tracking module (2) calculates the polarized aberration of the system according to the free-form surface structure parameters, firstly establishes a free-form surface light tracking model according to the structure parameters of the free-form surface optical system (1), obtains the phase aberration of the system through Pouli decomposition, then obtains the two-way attenuation of the system through singular value decomposition, obtains the phase delay of the system through decomposition, calculates the difference between the two-way attenuation and the system phase delay and the ideal free-form surface optical system, and calculates the imaging error of the system.
4. The free-form optical system polarization aberration correction system of claim 1, wherein: the visible light detector (3) is an FLIR-BFS-PGE-51S5P visible light detector, the resolution is 2448 multiplied by 2048, the data interface GigE, the frame rate is 24fps, and the chip type COMS.
5. The free-form optical system polarization aberration correction system of claim 1, wherein: and the image processing module (4) is used for carrying out polarization aberration correction on the image acquired by the visible light detector according to the polarization aberration of the optical system calculated by the polarization tracking module.
6. The free-form optical system polarization aberration correction system of claim 1, wherein: and the imaging display module displays (5) the image processed by the image processing module (4).
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| CN116399451A (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-07-07 | 长春理工大学 | Simplified acquisition method of polarization aberration suitable for plane symmetric optical system |
| CN116540407A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Design method, system, equipment and medium for low polarization aberration three-reflection optical system |
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| CN116540407A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Design method, system, equipment and medium for low polarization aberration three-reflection optical system |
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