CN113324383A - Intelligent air drying method and equipment for air-dried fish - Google Patents
Intelligent air drying method and equipment for air-dried fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN113324383A CN113324383A CN202110635189.1A CN202110635189A CN113324383A CN 113324383 A CN113324383 A CN 113324383A CN 202110635189 A CN202110635189 A CN 202110635189A CN 113324383 A CN113324383 A CN 113324383A
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- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
- A23L3/28—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating with ultraviolet light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
- F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent air-drying method and equipment for air-dried fish, which comprises an air-drying box, wherein the bottom end of the air-drying box is provided with a bottom frame, the bottom end of the air-drying box is connected to one side of the upper end of the bottom frame through a bolt, the middle upper part of the inner rear wall of the air-drying box is provided with an evaporator, one side of the upper end of the bottom frame, which is far away from the air-drying box, is connected with a condenser through a bolt, the front surface of the air-drying box is provided with a box door through a hinge, and four corners of the bottom end of the bottom frame are provided with universal wheels, and the intelligent air-drying method and equipment have the following beneficial effects that: by arranging the PLC controller, the condenser and the evaporator, the PLC controller controls the compressor and the condenser to operate under the set gradient programming process parameters to reduce the ambient temperature in the box, the fish meat is intelligently dried at low temperature, the operation is simple and convenient, the process parameters are intelligently set, the temperature of cold air is stable, the cold air is always circulated, the drying efficiency is high, the color, the aroma, the flavor and the texture of the dried fish product can be ensured, the investment and the operation cost are low, and the continuous low-temperature drying from feeding to discharging of the product is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-dried fish processing equipment, in particular to an intelligent air-drying method and equipment for air-dried fish.
Background
The air-dried fish is a fish product obtained by naturally drying or artificially air-drying and dehydrating the salted fish, contains rich protein, fat, vitamins and minerals, is easy to be absorbed by human bodies, has excellent flavor and nutrition, greatly reduces the volume and weight of the product, can effectively reduce the storage and transportation cost, and becomes a main processed product of the aquatic product trade.
In the prior art, natural drying and hot air drying are still commonly adopted as the processing method of air-dried fish, the natural drying mode is adopted, food raw materials are easily oxidized, rancid and putrefaction in the open air and are difficult to inhibit the decomposition of microorganisms and enzymes due to long air drying time of the food raw materials in the open air, drying technical parameters are not easy to control, the raw materials are easily oxidized, rancid and putrefactive in rainy days, the flavor, taste and preservation of the product are poor, and the safety and public health of the product cannot be ensured, while the hot air drying mode is adopted, in the hot air drying technology, the surface hardening and the cracking of the food materials can be caused due to higher drying temperature, the appearance and the integrity of the product are influenced, the food materials are contacted with hot air, fat oxidation and Maillard reaction can be generated, active ingredients are lost, the quality is seriously reduced, the color change, the taste, the loss of nutritional ingredients and volatile aroma ingredients of the meat can be easily caused due to high heating temperature, and the loss of the nutritional ingredients and the nutrition of consumers cannot be met, Color, special flavor and quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent air-drying method and equipment for air-dried fish, which are used for solving the problems that the flavor, taste and preservability of products are poor in a natural air-drying mode provided in the background technology, the safety and public health of the products cannot be guaranteed, and the problems that meat is discolored, has changed taste, and loses nutritional ingredients and volatile aroma ingredients in a hot air drying technology, and cannot meet the requirements of consumers on nutrition, color, special flavor and quality are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an air-dry fish intelligence air-dries equipment, includes the air-drying box, the bottom of air-drying box is provided with the chassis, bolted connection is passed through in the upper end one side of chassis in the bottom of air-drying box, the evaporimeter is installed on upper portion in the inside back wall of air-drying box, there is the condenser one side of air-drying box is kept away from to the upper end of chassis through bolted connection, there is the chamber door in the front of air-drying box through the hinge mounting, the universal wheel is all installed in the bottom four corners of chassis.
In a further embodiment, a hanging bracket is placed on the inner bottom wall of the air drying box, the hanging bracket is composed of a plurality of frame frames, and a plurality of cross rods are welded between two sides of each frame of the hanging bracket.
In a further embodiment, the top end of the inside of the air drying box is connected with an illuminating lamp through a bolt, the top end of the fan box and two sides of the illuminating lamp are respectively and fixedly connected with an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp, and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp and the illuminating lamp are both arranged above the hanging bracket.
In a further embodiment, the exhaust fan is installed through the fixing base in the top middle part of air-drying box, the top of air-drying box and the both sides that are located the exhaust fan all seted up the through-hole.
In a further embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the upper portion of the side wall of one side of the air drying box, a detection end of the temperature and humidity sensor is located inside the air drying box, and a display screen end of the temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the surface of the outer wall of the air drying box.
In a further embodiment, the low-speed fans are mounted on both sides of the surface of the evaporator, and the two low-speed fans are arranged opposite to the hanging bracket.
In a further embodiment, a PLC controller is installed on one side, close to the surface of the outer wall of the condenser, of the air drying box, and a distribution box is installed on the surface, close to the surface of the outer wall of the PLC controller, of the air drying box through bolts.
Preferably, the air-drying method of the intelligent air-drying equipment for air-drying the fish comprises the following specific use steps:
t1, universal wheels are mounted at four corners of the bottom frame at the bottom end of the air drying box, and the equipment can be moved to a designated position to air-dry the fish;
t2, in the air drying box, the low pressure low temperature refrigerant vapor generated by the evaporator is compressed to increase pressure and temperature, and when the pressure is slightly larger than the pressure in the condenser, the high pressure refrigeration vapor in the cylinder is discharged into the condenser, the high pressure high temperature refrigerant vapor in the condenser exchanges heat with the air with lower temperature to be condensed into liquid refrigerant, at this time, the liquid refrigerant is decompressed and cooled by the expansion valve, and then enters the evaporator, the liquid refrigerant is vaporized after absorbing the heat in the air drying box in the evaporator, so that the cooled object is cooled, the refrigerant vapor is sucked away by the compressor, therefore, a cycle is completed in the refrigeration system through four processes of compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation, the refrigerated gas enters the low temperature air drying box, the temperature and humidity and the wind speed of the fan are adjusted, the technological parameters needed by air drying are determined by the programming program, then stopping the equipment to prepare for discharging;
t3, opening a box door, placing the fish meat pretreated in advance in an air drying box, keeping a proper distance between fish blocks to facilitate smooth ventilation, taking the filled space in the air drying box as a standard, closing the box door, and air-drying the fish meat under the set gradient programming process parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by arranging the PLC controller, the condenser and the evaporator, the PLC controller controls the compressor and the condenser to operate under the set gradient programming process parameters to reduce the ambient temperature in the box, the fish meat is intelligently dried at low temperature, the operation is simple and convenient, the process parameters are intelligently set, the temperature of cold air is stable, the cold air is circulated all the time, the drying efficiency is high, the color, the fragrance, the flavor and the texture of the dried fish are ensured, the investment and the operation cost are low, the continuous low-temperature drying is realized from the feeding to the discharging of the product, the inner wall is not frosted, and the peculiar smell and the humidity are not generated.
2. Through setting up temperature and humidity sensor, temperature and humidity sensor can detect the inside humiture of air-drying box, conveniently carries out nimble debugging, and cold wind temperature is stable, and drying efficiency is high.
3. Through setting up ultraviolet sterilamp, can disinfect to the inside of air-dry box, guarantee the health nature and the quality of flesh of fish.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the air-drying box of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view sectional structure diagram of the air drying box of the invention.
In the figure: 1. an air drying box; 2. a chassis; 3. an evaporator; 4. a condenser; 5. a low speed fan; 6. a hanger; 7. a PLC controller; 8. a temperature and humidity sensor; 9. an illuminating lamp; 10. an ultraviolet sterilizing lamp; 11. an exhaust fan; 12. a universal wheel; 13. a box door; 14. a through hole; 15. a distribution box; 16. a cross bar.
Detailed Description
In order to prove the color, aroma, flavor and texture of the air-dried fish, the intelligent air-drying method and equipment for the air-dried fish are particularly provided. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides an intelligent air-drying method and device for air-dried fish, including an air-drying box 1, a bottom frame 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the air-drying box 1, the bottom end of the air-drying box 1 is connected to one side of the upper end of the bottom frame 2 through bolts, an evaporator 3 is installed at the middle upper portion of the inner rear wall of the air-drying box 1, one side of the upper end of the bottom frame 2, which is far away from the air-drying box 1, is connected to a condenser 4 through bolts, a box door 13 is installed on the front surface of the air-drying box 1 through a hinge, universal wheels 12 are installed at four corners of the bottom end of the bottom frame 2, and the device can be moved to a designated position to air-dry fish.
When the air drying device is used, the PLC controller 7 is installed on one side, close to the outer wall surface of the condenser 4, of the air drying box 1, the distribution box 15 is installed on the outer wall surface, close to the PLC controller 7, of the air drying box 1 through bolts, firstly, the device is connected with a three-phase power supply, power is supplied through the distribution box 15, the PLC controller 7 is started, the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps 10 are fixedly connected to two sides of the top end of the air drying box 1 respectively, the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps 10 and the illuminating lamp 9 are arranged above the hanging bracket 6, the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps 10 in the air drying box are opened for internal sterilization for 20-30 minutes, and then the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps 10 are closed;
an exhaust fan 11 is arranged in the middle of the top end of an air drying box 1 through a fixed seat, through holes 14 are formed in the top end of the air drying box 1 and located on two sides of the exhaust fan 11, the exhaust fan 11 is arranged on the top of the box body and can exhaust hot air in the box body through the through holes 14, an evaporator 3 and a condenser 4 are started to reduce the ambient temperature in the box body, the compression and conveying functions of a compressor are utilized in the air drying box 1 to suck low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant steam generated by the evaporator 3 into a cylinder, the pressure and the temperature are increased through compression and when the pressure is slightly greater than the pressure in the condenser 4, the high-pressure refrigeration steam in the cylinder is exhausted into the condenser 4, the high-pressure high-temperature refrigerant steam in the condenser 4 exchanges heat with air with lower temperature to be condensed into liquid refrigerant, the liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure and temperature through an expansion valve and then enters the evaporator 3, and low-speed fans 5 are arranged on two sides of the surface of the evaporator 3, opening low-speed fans 5 on two sides of the surface of an evaporator 3, enabling the low-speed fans 5 to drive airflow to flow, enabling a liquid refrigerant to absorb heat in an air drying box 1 in the evaporator 3 and then vaporize, cooling an object to be cooled and absorbing refrigerant vapor by a compressor, completing a cycle through four processes of compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation in a refrigeration system, enabling the cooled gas to enter the low-temperature air drying box 1, adjusting temperature and humidity and fan air speed, determining technological parameters required by air drying through a programming program, displaying various indexes on a display end of a temperature and humidity sensor 8, and then stopping equipment to prepare for discharging;
opening the box door 13, hanging the fish meat after the pretreatment in advance on the cross bar 16 of the hanger 6, keeping a proper distance between the fish blocks for smooth ventilation, taking the filling of the inner space of the air drying box 1 as the standard, then closing the box door 13, starting the PLC 7, and drying the fish meat under the set gradient programming technological parameter condition, wherein the drying time is determined according to the product quality requirement, and the drying time of the grass carp is 10-12 days according to the example.
The inside top of air-drying box 1 has light 9 through bolted connection, open light 9 during the air-drying and observe the air-dried condition at will, temperature and humidity sensor 8 is installed on one side lateral wall upper portion of air-drying box 1, temperature and humidity sensor 8's detection end is located the inside of air-drying box 1, temperature and humidity sensor 8's display screen end is installed in the outer wall surface of air-drying box 1, can take notes process data through temperature and humidity sensor 8, also can survey the product quality index simultaneously, nimble adjustment process parameter.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an air-dry fish intelligence air-dries equipment, includes air-dry case (1), its characterized in that, the bottom of air-dry case (1) is provided with chassis (2), bolted connection is passed through in upper end one side of chassis (2) in the bottom of air-dry case (1), evaporimeter (3) are installed on upper portion in the inside back wall of air-dry case (1), there is condenser (4) one side of air-dry case (1) is kept away from to the upper end of chassis (2) through bolted connection, there is chamber door (13) in the front of air-dry case (1) through the hinge mounting, universal wheel (12) are all installed in the bottom four corners of chassis (2).
2. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hanging bracket (6) is placed on the bottom wall of the interior of the air drying box (1), the hanging bracket (6) is formed by a plurality of frame frames, and a plurality of cross rods (16) are welded between two sides of each frame of the hanging bracket (6).
3. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top end of the inside of the air drying box (1) is connected with an illuminating lamp (9) through a bolt, the top end of the air drying box (1) is fixedly connected with ultraviolet sterilizing lamps (10) respectively on two sides of the illuminating lamp (9), and the ultraviolet sterilizing lamps (10) and the illuminating lamp (9) are arranged above the hanging bracket (6).
4. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: air discharge fan (11) are installed through the fixing base in the middle part of the top of air-drying box (1), through-hole (14) have all been seted up on the top of air-drying box (1) and the both sides that are located air discharge fan (11).
5. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: temperature and humidity sensor (8) are installed on one side of the upper portion of the side wall of the air drying box (1), the detection end of the temperature and humidity sensor (8) is located inside the air drying box (1), and the display screen end of the temperature and humidity sensor (8) is installed on the surface of the outer wall of the air drying box (1).
6. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-speed fan (5) are installed on two sides of the surface of the evaporator (3), and the two low-speed fans (5) are arranged opposite to the hanging bracket (6).
7. An intelligent air-drying device for air-dried fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 7 is installed on one side, close to the condenser 4, of the outer wall surface of the air drying box 1, and a distribution box 15 is installed on the outer wall surface, close to the PLC 7, of the air drying box 1 through bolts.
8. An air-drying method of intelligent air-drying equipment for air-drying fish according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
t1 and universal wheels (12) are mounted at four corners of an underframe (2) at the bottom end of the air drying box (1), so that the equipment can be moved to a designated position to air-dry the fish;
t2, in the air drying box (1), the low pressure low temperature refrigerant vapor generated by the evaporator (3) is compressed to increase the pressure and temperature, and when the pressure is slightly larger than the pressure in the condenser (4), the high pressure refrigeration vapor in the cylinder is discharged into the condenser (4), the high pressure high temperature refrigerant vapor in the condenser (4) exchanges heat with the air with lower temperature to be condensed into liquid refrigerant, at this time, the liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator (3) after being decompressed and cooled by the expansion valve, the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat in the air drying box (1) in the evaporator (3) and then is vaporized, thus the cooled object is cooled, the refrigerant vapor is sucked by the compressor, therefore, a cycle is completed by four processes of compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation in the refrigeration system, the refrigerated gas enters the low temperature air drying box (1), adjusting temperature and humidity and fan speed, determining technological parameters required by air drying through a programming program, and then stopping equipment to prepare for material discharge;
t3, open chamber door (13), place the fish meat after preliminary treatment inside air-drying box (1), it is smooth and easy to ventilate to keep suitable distance between the fish piece, and air-drying box (1) inner space is with filling up as the standard, then closes chamber door (13), air-dries the fish meat under the gradient programming technological parameter condition that has set for.
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CN202110635189.1A CN113324383A (en) | 2021-06-09 | 2021-06-09 | Intelligent air drying method and equipment for air-dried fish |
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Cited By (1)
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CN115530215A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2022-12-30 | 延边畜牧开发集团有限公司 | Beef cattle slaughtering rapid acid discharge equipment and acid discharge process |
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CN210180045U (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-03-24 | 亿姆发(广州)食品科技股份有限公司 | Fat-soluble extract low-temperature drying equipment |
CN211147104U (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2020-07-31 | 广州市养如健生物科技有限公司 | Intelligent moringa oleifera tea sealed storage box |
CN213147208U (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-05-07 | 湖南湘顺王食品有限公司 | Low temperature air-dries device for fish food processing |
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