CN113321456A - Anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113321456A CN113321456A CN202110713565.4A CN202110713565A CN113321456A CN 113321456 A CN113321456 A CN 113321456A CN 202110713565 A CN202110713565 A CN 202110713565A CN 113321456 A CN113321456 A CN 113321456A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses anti-crack concrete and a preparation method thereof. The anti-crack concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: fine aggregate: 723-753 parts; coarse aggregate: 1011 and 1101 parts; water: 152 and 172 parts; cement: 144 portion and 160 portions; mineral powder: 98-112 parts; fly ash: 81-91 parts; water reducing agent: 5.3-5.9 parts; polyvinyl alcohol fibers: 20-70 parts; zinc acetate: 2.4-3.5 parts; dry ice: 1.8-4.2 parts; sodium metabisulfite: 4.1 to 7.3 portions. The product of the application has the advantage of improving the crack resistance of concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to anti-crack concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the vigorous development of domestic construction industry, the requirements on the performance and strength of concrete in the construction process are continuously improved; the concrete is cement concrete which is prepared by mixing cement, sand, stone, water, an additive and an admixture according to a certain proportion, stirring, forming and curing. Because the raw materials of the concrete are abundant and cheap, and can adapt to various purposes, and the concrete has better adaptability to natural conditions, the concrete becomes the most widely and important basic material in the current building engineering.
As the strength of the concrete is improved, the toughness of the concrete is deteriorated, so that cracks are generated in the concrete, and the performance of the concrete is reduced; the cracks on the concrete surface will rapidly spread over time, and peeling is easily caused.
The staff can increase the quantity of cement when preparing the concrete usually, makes the anti crack strength of concrete increase, but the quantity of cement is too much can lead to the increase of cost, leads to the heat increase that the cement hydration reaction produced simultaneously for the inside and outside difference in temperature of concrete is too big, also can make the concrete produce the crack if the heat dissipation is untimely.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the anti-cracking performance of concrete, the application provides anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an anti-crack concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the anti-crack concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
fine aggregate: 723-753 parts;
coarse aggregate: 1011 and 1101 parts;
water: 152 and 172 parts;
cement: 144 portion and 160 portions;
mineral powder: 98-112 parts;
fly ash: 81-91 parts;
water reducing agent: 5.3-5.9 parts;
polyvinyl alcohol fibers: 20-70 parts;
zinc acetate: 2.4-3.5 parts;
dry ice: 1.8-4.2 parts;
sodium metabisulfite: 4.1 to 7.3 portions.
By adopting the technical scheme, the inventor finds that under the common coordination of zinc acetate and sodium metabisulfite, the sodium metabisulfite and the zinc acetate can clean impurities on the surfaces of coarse aggregates and fine aggregates, and simultaneously the fluidity of cement is increased, so that the cement can be better bonded with the coarse aggregates and the fine aggregates, and the cement can fully fill fine gaps in concrete, thereby improving the integral structural strength of the concrete and reducing the phenomenon of crack generation; the water reducing agent can enhance the fluidity of cement and has a dispersing effect on cement particles; the process of sublimating the dry ice into the carbon dioxide gas can promote the even dispersion of the cement mortar, and meanwhile, the process of sublimating the dry ice can absorb the heat generated by the hydration reaction of the cement, reduce the temperature of the concrete and reduce the occurrence of the condition of generating cracks in the concrete; the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are distributed in gaps of each component of the concrete, the polyvinyl alcohol fibers fill fine cracks in the concrete, and when the concrete is impacted by external force, the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are beneficial to sharing the force borne by the concrete by virtue of the characteristic of strong ductility of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers, so that the compressive strength and the crack resistance of the concrete are improved.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises the following components in parts by weight:
hexamethylenetetramine: 7-11 parts;
sodium tetraborate: 3.3 to 5.1 portions.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium tetraborate and the hexamethylenetetramine are dissolved in the water and are matched with the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate, so that the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are bonded with the cement more tightly, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved.
Preferably, the particle size range of the dry ice is 2.5-10mm
By adopting the technical scheme, the dry ice with the particle size range of 2.5-10mm can be uniformly distributed in the cement, so that the dry ice can better absorb heat generated by hydration heat when the concrete generates hydration heat, and the shrinkage rate of the concrete is reduced.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent has good compatibility with cement mortar, reduces the shrinkage rate of concrete, and ensures that the compaction effect of the concrete is good, thereby effectively improving the crack resistance of the concrete.
Preferably, the length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber ranges from 3mm to 10 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the length of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is more easily dispersed in the concrete within the range of 3-10mm, and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is mixed with the concrete and can bear partial external force applied to the concrete by utilizing the polyvinyl alcohol fiber, so that the tensile capacity of the concrete is improved.
Preferably, the mineral powder is formed by grinding slag obtained by crushing iron ore, and the particle size of the mineral powder is 0.15-0.3 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mineral powder and the fly ash are matched with each other, which is favorable for improving the crack resistance of the crack-resistant concrete, and the mineral powder is formed by levigating slag separated from iron ore, so that the cost can be saved; meanwhile, the mineral powder and the dry ice are matched with each other, so that heat generated during concrete stirring can be quickly transferred, and the condition that the shrinkage rate is reduced due to overhigh temperature in the concrete is reduced; the mineral powder with the grain size range of 0.15-0.3mm can be uniformly distributed in the cement mortar, so that the fluidity of the cement is increased.
Preferably, the fine aggregate is river sand with the particle size range of 0.25-0.5 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the river sand with the particle size range of 0.25-0.5mm can be uniformly distributed in the gaps of the cement mortar, so that the shrinkage of the concrete is reduced, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the compressive strength of the concrete is favorably improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an anti-crack concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of anti-crack concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1) heating and uniformly mixing a water reducing agent, zinc acetate, sodium metabisulfite and water to obtain a first stirring mixture for later use;
step 2) fully stirring and mixing cement, mineral powder, fly ash, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to prepare a second stirring mixture;
and 3) adding the first stirring mixture and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers into the second stirring mixture, fully stirring and mixing, and adding dry ice for stirring to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, various raw materials are mixed in multiple steps, so that the dispersibility of the raw materials in the anti-crack concrete is facilitated; the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are stirred and mixed in the step 3), so that the structure of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers is not easily damaged by multiple mixing and stirring, and the crack resistance of the anti-crack concrete is improved; and (3) adding dry ice in the step 3), and when cement and water react to generate an exothermic reaction, sublimating the dry ice and absorbing heat released by hydration heat, so that the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is reduced, and the surface of the concrete is not easy to crack.
Preferably, in the step 3), 7 to 10 parts by mass of hexamethylenetetramine and 3.3 to 5.1 parts by mass of sodium tetraborate are also added.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hexamethylene tetramine and the sodium tetraborate are added into the water, so that the bonding degree between the cement and the coarse aggregate and between the cement and the fine aggregate can be improved, and the bonding degree of the cement mortar is higher.
Preferably, the first stirred mixture in step 1) is heated to 55-65 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the inventor finds that the workability of the concrete can be improved by the mixed solution of sodium metabisulfite and zinc acetate at the temperature of 55-65 ℃, so that cement particles can be uniformly dispersed in the anti-crack concrete, and the compactness of the concrete is improved.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide,
1. adding a water reducing agent, sodium metabisulfite, dry ice, zinc acetate and polyvinyl alcohol fiber into raw materials for preparing concrete; under the common cooperation of sodium metabisulfite and zinc acetate, the fluidity of the cement is increased, so that the cement can fully fill the gaps in the concrete; the co-formulation of the dry ice and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers is helpful for filling fine cracks in the concrete, thereby improving the crack resistance of the concrete.
2. The addition of hexamethylenetetramine and sodium tetraborate in the process of preparing concrete can increase the adhesion among cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, so that the adhesion between the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate is tighter, and the crack resistance of the concrete is improved.
3. The fine aggregate is river sand with the grain diameter range of 0.25-0.5mm, so that the river sand can be uniformly distributed in gaps of cement mortar, and the compactness of concrete is improved.
Detailed Description
The information on the source of the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples is detailed in table 1:
TABLE 1
Examples
Examples 1 to 3
A preparation method of anti-crack concrete comprises the following steps:
step 1) putting a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, zinc acetate, sodium metabisulfite and water into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 6 minutes at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 60r/min to obtain a first stirring mixture for later use.
Step 2) putting cement, mineral powder, fly ash, broken stone and river sand into a horizontal stirrer, and fully stirring for 2 minutes at a rotating speed of 80r/min to prepare a second stirring mixture;
and 3) adding the first stirring mixture and polyvinyl alcohol fibers into the second stirring mixture, fully stirring for 1 minute at the rotation speed of 90r/min, and then adding dry ice to stir for 1 minute to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
The input amounts of the respective raw materials are referred to table 2, wherein the ore powder is a powder in which slag after crushing of iron ore is finely ground to a particle size range of 0.15 to 0.3 mm; the particle size range of the dry ice is 2.5-10mm, the length range of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 3-10mm, the fine aggregate is river sand with the particle size range of 0.25-0.5mm, and the coarse aggregate is 10-20mm of broken stone.
TABLE 2
| Raw materials | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| River sand (kg) | 7.23 | 7.53 | 7.38 |
| Gravel (kg) | 10.11 | 11.01 | 10.56 |
| Water (kg) | 1.52 | 1.72 | 1.62 |
| Cement (kg) | 1.44 | 1.60 | 1.52 |
| Mineral powder (kg) | 0.98 | 1.12 | 1.05 |
| Fly ash (kg) | 0.81 | 0.86 | 0.91 |
| Polyvinyl alcohol fiber (kg) | 0.20 | 0.70 | 0.45 |
| Zinc acetate (kg) | 0.024 | 0.035 | 0.029 |
| Dry ice (kg) | 0.018 | 0.042 | 0.030 |
| Polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducing agent (kg) | 0.053 | 0.059 | 0.056 |
| Sodium metabisulfite (kg) | 0.041 | 0.073 | 0.057 |
| Temperature (. degree. C.) in step 2) | 55 | 65 | 60 |
Example 4
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that 0.07kg of hexamethylenetetramine is also added in the step 3).
Example 5
The preparation method of the anti-cracking concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that 0.032kg of sodium tetraborate is also added in the step 3).
Example 6
The preparation method of the anti-cracking concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that 0.07kg of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.032kg of sodium tetraborate are also added in the step 3).
Example 7
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that 0.11kg of hexamethylenetetramine and 0.051kg of sodium tetraborate are also added in the step 3).
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that polyvinyl alcohol fibers are also added in the step 2) and stirred together, and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are not added in the step 3).
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that zinc acetate is not added in the step 1).
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the anti-cracking concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that sodium metabisulfite is not added in the step 1).
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that zinc acetate and sodium metabisulfite are not added in the step 1).
Comparative example 5
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that dry ice is not added in the step 3).
Comparative example 6
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that polyvinyl alcohol fibers are not added in the step 3).
Comparative example 7
The preparation method of the anti-crack concrete is different from the embodiment 3 in that dry ice and polyvinyl alcohol fibers are not added in the step 3).
Performance test
The following performance tests were performed on the crack resistant concretes provided in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 7 of the present application:
and (3) crack resistance detection: respectively pouring the concrete prepared in the examples 1-7 and the concrete prepared in the comparative examples 1-7 into cubic standard samples of 150 mm-150 mm, observing whether cracks are generated on the surface of the concrete samples after curing for 28d, recording the width of the cracks, and considering the crack resistance of the concrete to be weaker in the range of allowing the cracks to appear if the width of the cracks is less than 0.5mm, or considering the crack resistance of the concrete to be weaker if the width of the cracks is more than 0.5 mm; and simultaneously, testing the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the sample according to the detection standard of GB/T50081-2019 concrete physical and mechanical property test method standard. Specific results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
According to the comparison of the data of examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 7, the crack-resistant concretes prepared in examples 3 to 7 have no cracks after being cured for 28d, and the crack width is smaller and within the design allowable range although cracks are generated in examples 1 to 2; the comparative examples 1 to 7 all had wide cracks generated, and the compressive strength and the cleavage tensile strength of the comparative examples were lower than the lowest values of the examples, whereby the crack resistance of the crack-resistant concrete prepared within the scope of the present application was good.
According to the comparison of the detection data of the embodiments 1 to 3, the raw material components in the embodiment 3 are more reasonable in proportion, and the compression strength and the splitting tensile strength of the concrete are relatively excellent.
As can be seen from comparison of the test data of comparative example 1 and example 3, if the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are put into the step 2) and mixed with other raw materials under stirring, the crack resistance of the concrete is low, and the inventors guess that the ductility of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers is deteriorated due to the multiple stirring of the polyvinyl alcohol fibers, and thus the crack resistance is low.
According to comparison of the detection data of comparative examples 2-4 and example 3, sodium metabisulfite and zinc acetate are added for cooperation when the anti-crack concrete is prepared, so that the fluidity of the cement can be increased, the cement can be used for fully filling fine gaps in the concrete, and the compressive strength and the anti-crack performance of the concrete are improved.
According to comparison of the detection data of comparative examples 5-7 and example 3, dry ice and polyvinyl alcohol fibers are added during preparation of the anti-crack concrete, and the dry ice and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers are matched together, so that the compressive strength and the splitting tensile property of the concrete can be remarkably improved.
According to the comparison of the detection data of the embodiment 3 and the detection data of the embodiments 4-7, the compression resistance and the crack resistance of the concrete are not greatly changed when only hexamethylenetetramine is added into the concrete; if only sodium tetraborate is added, the compressive resistance of the concrete is improved; if hexamethylenetetramine and sodium tetraborate are added simultaneously, the adhesion degree among cement, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate can be enhanced under the common coordination of the hexamethylenetetramine and the sodium tetraborate, and the compressive strength and the splitting tensile property of the concrete are effectively improved.
The specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not restrictive of the present application, and those skilled in the art can modify the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, so long as they are protected by the patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-crack concrete is characterized in that: the concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass:
fine aggregate: 723-753 parts;
coarse aggregate: 1011 and 1101 parts;
water: 152 and 172 parts;
cement: 144 portion and 160 portions;
mineral powder: 98-112 parts;
fly ash: 81-91 parts;
water reducing agent: 5.3-5.9 parts;
polyvinyl alcohol fibers: 20-70 parts;
zinc acetate: 2.4-3.5 parts;
dry ice: 1.8-4.2 parts;
sodium metabisulfite: 4.1 to 7.3 portions.
2. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the concrete also comprises the following components in parts by weight:
hexamethylenetetramine: 7-11 parts;
sodium tetraborate: 3.3 to 5.1 portions.
3. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size range of the dry ice is 2.5-10 mm.
4. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
5. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the length range of the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is 3-10 mm.
6. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the mineral powder is formed by grinding and processing slag obtained by crushing iron ore, and the particle size of the mineral powder is 0.15-0.3 mm.
7. The crack-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fine aggregate is river sand with the particle size range of 0.25-0.5 mm.
8. A method for preparing an anti-crack concrete based on any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1) heating and uniformly mixing a water reducing agent, zinc acetate, sodium metabisulfite and water to obtain a first stirring mixture for later use;
step 2) fully stirring and mixing cement, mineral powder, fly ash, coarse aggregate and fine aggregate to prepare a second stirring mixture;
and 3) adding the first stirring mixture and the polyvinyl alcohol fibers into the second stirring mixture, fully stirring and mixing, and adding dry ice for stirring to obtain the anti-crack concrete.
9. The method for preparing crack-resistant concrete according to claim 8, wherein: in the step 3), hexamethylenetetramine and sodium tetraborate are also added.
10. The method for preparing crack-resistant concrete according to claim 8, wherein: the first stirred mixture in step 1) is heated to 55-65 ℃.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| BE1030609A1 (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-11 | China Railway Third Bureau Group No 4 Eng Co Ltd | CRACK PROTECTION AGENT FOR CONCRETE, CRACK-RESISTANT CONCRETE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
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