CN113320151B - 3D printing head and printing method of continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material - Google Patents
3D printing head and printing method of continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113320151B CN113320151B CN202110635976.6A CN202110635976A CN113320151B CN 113320151 B CN113320151 B CN 113320151B CN 202110635976 A CN202110635976 A CN 202110635976A CN 113320151 B CN113320151 B CN 113320151B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/04—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
- B29C64/321—Feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
- B29C69/001—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing head and a printing method of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, wherein the 3D printing head comprises: the wire drawing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a dipping module, a cutting module and a resin curing module, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises two wire drawing modules which are arranged in an up-down symmetrical mode, the two wire drawing modules are respectively a first wire drawing module and a second wire drawing module, the cutting module is arranged between the two wire drawing modules, the dipping module is arranged on two sides of the first wire drawing module, and the resin curing module is arranged below the second wire drawing module. The 3D printing head can be used for rapidly manufacturing continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite workpieces in various shapes, mold-free rapid forming of the composite is achieved, the structure is reasonable, the precision of the prepared product is high, and the 3D printing head has a good popularization prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a 3D printing head and a printing method for a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material.
Background
The composite material is formed by compounding fibers and a resin matrix, and the fibers have the characteristics of high strength and high modulus, so that the composite material is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, vehicles, ships and the like. If the excellent mechanical properties of the fibers are introduced into the additive manufacturing technology of the resin matrix composite material, the continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material printing workpiece is prepared, the mechanical properties of the printing workpiece are expected to be further improved, and the application field of the 3D printing workpiece is expanded.
In the existing printing process of the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, chopped fiber reinforced resin printing filaments are prepared by compounding chopped fibers and a resin matrix (such as PLA, ABS, PLGA and the like) through a screw extruder, then a composite material printing part is prepared by adopting a fuse deposition printing process, the mechanical property of the workpiece is improved to a certain extent by adopting the workpiece printed by the chopped fiber reinforced resin, but the melt viscosity of a blend of the fibers and the resin matrix is increased sharply along with the increase of the fiber content and the fiber length, so that the spinning blockage of a printer is easily caused, and the printing of the workpiece fails. There are some documents reporting additive manufacturing processes using long fiber reinforced PLA, nylon, ABS, etc. resins, but none of them cut the fibers during printing. The printing process without cutting fibers is only suitable for the printing workpiece with a single contour, and for the printing workpiece with multiple contours, redundant fibers are connected among the contours due to the fact that the fibers cannot be cut off, and the quality of the printing workpiece is poor. Recently, a method is disclosed in which a thermoplastic printing filament and a fiber bundle are fed into a heating head of an extruder together, thermoplastic resin is melted at a high temperature to infiltrate the fibers, and then a cutting knife is used to cut the continuous fibers, so as to realize printing of a continuous fiber reinforced composite workpiece. The thermoplastic resin has high melt viscosity and poor wetting ability to fibers, so that the fiber content in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material is low, the interface bonding performance is poor, and the mechanical property is low. In addition, because the tow is comparatively soft, if directly adopt the tow to print, traditional thread feeding mechanism is easy to be buckled at the tow in-process of fibre transport, is difficult to carry the fibre to the region of formulating.
Therefore, the development of a simple, convenient and feasible continuous fiber reinforced composite printing process capable of cutting fibers is a key for expanding the application of the composite in various industrial fields.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present disclosure provides a 3D printing head and a printing method for a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, so as to solve the above problems in the prior art.
The present invention provides a 3D print head of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, comprising: the wire drawing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a dipping module, a cutting module and a resin curing module, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises two wire drawing modules which are arranged in an up-down symmetrical mode, the two wire drawing modules are a first wire drawing module and a second wire drawing module respectively, the cutting module is arranged between the two wire drawing modules, the dipping modules are arranged on two sides of the first wire drawing module, and the resin curing module is arranged below the second wire drawing module.
Preferably, the wire drawing module comprises a driving gear, a driven gear and a conveyor belt; the first fiber bundle drawing module draws the fiber bundle into the 3D printing head, the second fiber bundle drawing module pushes the printed fiber bundle out of the 3D printing head, and the fiber bundle is clamped by the conveyor belt to move cooperatively.
Further preferably, the driving gear is driven by a stepping motor or a servo motor, the driving gear and the driven gear are respectively provided with a conveying belt, the rotating directions of the gears of the driving gear and the driven gear are opposite, the two conveying belts are driven to move, and the gap between the two conveying belts is slightly smaller than the thickness of the fiber bundle.
Preferably, the dipping module comprises a resin tank and a dipping roller; the glue dipping rollers are in mutual contact with the conveying belt, and rotate in the resin tank under the driving of the conveying belt.
Preferably, the cutting module comprises a moving mechanism and a cutting knife, and the moving mechanism drives the cutting knife to cut the cellulose.
Preferably, the motion mechanism is one of a cylinder linear motion unit, a push rod motor, an ultrasonic generator and a motor.
Preferably, the resin curing module comprises a mold and a curing device, the mold is arranged below the second drawing module, and the curing device is one of a hot air gun, a laser, a far infrared heating pipe and an ultraviolet lamp.
The invention also provides a method for printing the continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, which comprises the following steps:
1) Conveying a fiber bundle: the fiber bundle is drawn into the 3D printing head under the action of the first wire drawing module,
2) Resin impregnation of fiber bundle: adhering resin to the surfaces of the glue dipping roller and the conveyor belt, and enabling the resin to soak the fiber bundle through the contact between the conveyor belt and the fiber bundle;
3) Cutting the fiber bundle: cutting the fiber bundle through a cutting module and stopping the supply of the fibers;
4) Conveying a fiber bundle: the cut and broken fibers are sent out of the printing head by the second wire drawing module and are laid on the surface of the mold;
5) Curing the fiber bundle: solidifying the fiber bundles paved on the surface of the mould through a solidifying device, and performing phase transformation on the surface of the mould to shape;
preferably, the fiber bundle is: one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber and alumina fiber; the resin is: epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, acrylic photosensitive resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin, or thermosetting resin or photosensitive resin.
Preferably, when the curing device adopts one of a hot air gun, a laser and a far infrared heating pipe, the resin is thermosetting resin; when the curing device adopts an ultraviolet lamp, the resin adopts photosensitive resin.
According to the 3D printing head and the printing method for the continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, provided by the invention, continuous fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material workpieces in various shapes can be rapidly manufactured by adopting the 3D printing head, the die-free rapid forming of the composite material is realized, the structure is reasonable, the precision of the prepared product is high, and the 3D printing head has a good popularization prospect.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D print head of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of systems consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
In order to solve the defects of poor quality of a printing workpiece and complicated printing process of a fiber reinforced resin composite material in the prior art, the embodiment provides a 3D printing head of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a gum dipping module, a cutting module and a resin curing module, wherein the feeding module comprises a driving gear 1, a driven gear 2 and a conveyor belt 3; the gum dipping module comprises a resin tank 4 and a gum dipping roller 5, wherein resin is arranged in the resin tank; the cutting module comprises a movement mechanism 6 and a cutting knife 7;
when in printing, the driving gear 1 drives the conveyor belt 3 to draw the fiber bundle 9 into the printing head, the conveyor belt 3 drives the glue dipping roller in the rotation process, high polymer resin is coated on the surface of the conveyor belt, and the resin on the surface of the conveyor belt soaks the fiber, so that the surface of the fiber is uniformly coated with a resin matrix; when fibers need to be cut off in the printing process, the moving mechanism 6 drives the cutting knife 7 to cut the fiber bundle, and the supply of the fibers is stopped; a feeding module positioned at the bottom of the printing head spreads and attaches the fiber bundles soaked with the resin on the surface of the mould; and simultaneously, the resin curing module cures the fibers paved on the surface of the mould, so that the resin is subjected to physical change or chemical reaction, and phase transformation is generated on the surface of the mould to be shaped.
The feeding module is composed of a driving gear 1, a driven gear 2 and conveyor belts 3, wherein the driving gear 1 is driven by a stepping motor or a servo motor, the left and right driving gears rotate in opposite directions to drive the left and right conveyor belts 3 to move, the gap between the two conveyor belts is slightly smaller than the thickness of a fiber bundle, and the fiber bundle 9 is clamped by the two conveyor belts to move in a coordinated manner. In the 3D printing head of the continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material with the fiber cutting function, a feeding mechanism consists of an upper wire feeding module and a lower wire feeding module, namely a wire drawing module I and a wire drawing module II, wherein the wire drawing module I on the upper part is responsible for drawing a fiber bundle into the printing head; the lower wire drawing module II is responsible for pushing the printing wire out of the printing head and pressing the printing wire on the surface of the mould to enable the printing wire to be attached to the surface 11 of the mould.
The glue dipping mechanism comprises a resin tank 4 and a glue dipping roller 5, the glue dipping roller is in contact with the conveyor belt 3, the glue dipping roller rotates in the resin tank 12 under the drive of the conveyor belt 3, so that resin is adhered to the surface of the glue dipping roller and is transferred to the conveyor belt 3, and the fiber bundle is dipped in the fiber bundle clamping process through the conveyor belt 3.
The cutting module consists of a motion mechanism 6 and a movable cutting knife 7, wherein the motion mechanism can be a cylinder linear motion unit, a push rod motor, an ultrasonic generator or a motor driving a cam to push the cutting knife so as to cut the fiber bundle.
The curing device in the resin curing module 8 can be a hot air gun, a laser, a far infrared heating tube and an ultraviolet lamp, and if the hot air gun, the laser and the far infrared heating tube are adopted, thermosetting resin is adopted; if the tree uses ultraviolet lamp, photosensitive resin is used.
The fiber bundle is carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber, alumina fiber, etc.
The resin is: epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, acrylic photosensitive resin, bismaleimide resin and polyimide resin.
The working method of the printing head comprises the following steps:
in the printing process, a driving gear (1) in a wire drawing module at the upper part drives a conveyor belt (3) to rotate, a fiber bundle (9) is drawn into a 3D printing head, meanwhile, the conveyor belt (3) drives a glue dipping roller (5) to rotate, resin in a glue dipping tank (10) is adhered to the surface of the glue dipping roller (5), and the fiber bundle is soaked through the contact between the conveyor belt (3) and the fiber bundle; when the fiber needs to be cut off, the moving mechanism 6 drives the cutting knife 7 to cut the fiber bundle; the cut fiber is continuously sent out of the printing head by a wire feeding structure at the lower part and laid on the surface of the mould; in the printing process, the curing module 8 generates hot air or heat radiation or an ultraviolet light source to irradiate the fiber bundle soaked in the resin, so that the fiber bundle is subjected to rapid phase transition on the surface of the mold and is fixed on the surface of the mold. And the printing head lays and solidifies the resin-infiltrated fiber bundles on the surface of the mold layer by layer to complete the printing of the composite material workpiece.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the 3D printing head for continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material with a fiber cutting function comprises a feeding module, a dipping module, a cutting module and a resin curing module, wherein the feeding module comprises a driving gear 1, a driven gear 2 and a conveyor belt 3, and the driving gear 1 is driven by a motor to rotate to drive the conveyor belt 3 to move so as to convey a fiber bundle. The glue dipping module is composed of resin 4 and a glue dipping roller 5, the glue dipping roller 5 is in contact with the conveyor belt 3 and rotates under the drive of the conveyor belt 3, the resin is adhered to the glue dipping roller and the surface of the conveyor belt, and the resin is soaked in the fiber bundle through the contact between the conveyor belt and the fiber bundle. The cutting module consists of a moving mechanism 6 and a cutting knife 7, and the moving mechanism 6 drives the cutting knife 7 to cut the fiber bundle when the fiber is cut; the resin 4 is epoxy acrylate resin and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-acetone 1173 photoinitiator, and the curing device 8 is ultraviolet light source with wavelength of 365 nm.
The 3D printing head of the continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material with the fiber cutting function has the working method as follows:
in the printing process, a driving gear (1) of a wire feeding structure positioned at the upper part drives a conveyor belt (3) to rotate, a fiber bundle (9) is drawn into a 3D printing head, meanwhile, the conveyor belt (3) drives a glue dipping roller (5) to rotate, resin in a glue dipping tank (10) is adhered to the surface of the glue dipping roller (5), and the fiber bundle is soaked through the contact of the conveyor belt (3) and the fiber bundle; when the fiber needs to be cut off, the moving mechanism 6 drives the cutting knife 7 to cut the fiber bundle; the cut fiber is sent out of the printing head by the wire feeding structure at the lower part and laid on the surface of the mould; in the printing process, the curing module 8 generates hot air or heat radiation or an ultraviolet light source to irradiate the fiber bundle soaked in the resin, so that the fiber bundle is subjected to rapid phase transition on the surface of the mold and is fixed on the surface of the mold. And the printing head lays and solidifies the resin-infiltrated fiber bundles on the surface of the mold layer by layer to complete the printing of the composite material workpiece.
Experiments prove that the 3D printing head and the printing method have the advantages that the liquid resin has better fiber infiltration, the mechanical strength of the prepared printing piece is improved by more than 20 percent, the size precision of the workpiece can be improved by more than 15 percent, the selectable resin varieties are richer, and the 3D printing head and the printing method have good popularization prospects.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A 3D printing method of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite, wherein a 3D print head comprises: the wire drawing device comprises a feeding mechanism, a gumming module, a cutting module and a resin curing module, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises two wire drawing modules which are symmetrically arranged from top to bottom, namely a first wire drawing module and a second wire drawing module respectively, the cutting module is arranged between the two wire drawing modules, the gumming module is arranged on two sides of the first wire drawing module, and the resin curing module is arranged below the second wire drawing module;
the wire drawing module comprises a driving gear (1), a driven gear (2) and a conveyor belt (3); the fiber bundle is pulled into the 3D printing head by the first fiber drawing module, the printed fiber bundle is pushed out of the 3D printing head by the second fiber drawing module, and the fiber bundle (9) is clamped by the conveyor belt (3) to move cooperatively;
the driving gear (1) is driven by a stepping motor or a servo motor, the driving gear (1) and the driven gear (2) are respectively provided with a conveyor belt (3), the gear rotating directions of the driving gear (1) and the driven gear (2) are opposite, the two conveyor belts (3) are driven to move, and the gap between the two conveyor belts is slightly smaller than the thickness of the fiber bundle (9);
the gum dipping module comprises a resin tank (4) and a gum dipping roller (5); the glue dipping roller (5) is in mutual contact with the conveyor belt (3), and the glue dipping roller rotates in the resin groove (12) under the drive of the conveyor belt (3);
the cutting module comprises a movement mechanism (6) and a cutting knife (7), and the movement mechanism (6) drives the cutting knife (7) to cut cellulose;
the motion mechanism (6) is one of a cylinder linear motion unit, a push rod motor, an ultrasonic generator and a motor;
the resin curing module comprises a mould and a curing device (8), the mould is arranged below the wire drawing module II, and the curing device is one of a hot air gun, a laser, a far infrared heating pipe and an ultraviolet lamp;
the 3D printing method comprises the following steps:
1) Conveying a fiber bundle: drawing the fiber bundle (9) into the 3D printing head under the action of the first wire drawing module,
2) Resin impregnation of fiber bundles: adhering resin to the surfaces of the glue applying roller (5) and the conveyor belt (3), and enabling the resin to be used for soaking the fiber bundles through the contact between the conveyor belt (3) and the fiber bundles (9);
3) Cutting the fiber bundle: cutting the fiber bundle by the cutting module and stopping the supply of the fibers;
4) Conveying a fiber bundle: the cut and broken fiber is sent out of the printing head by the second wire drawing module and is laid on the surface of the mould (11);
5) Curing the fiber bundle: the fiber bundle applied to the surface of the mold (11) is solidified by a solidifying device (8) and is shaped by phase transformation on the surface of the mold.
2. The 3D printing method of a continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, wherein the fiber bundle is: one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, basalt fiber and alumina fiber; the resin is: epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester, acrylic photosensitive resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin, or thermosetting resin or photosensitive resin.
3. The 3D printing method of the continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material according to claim 1, wherein when one of a hot air gun, a laser and a far infrared heating pipe is adopted as the curing device, the resin is thermosetting resin; when the curing device adopts an ultraviolet lamp, the resin adopts photosensitive resin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110635976.6A CN113320151B (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2021-06-08 | 3D printing head and printing method of continuous fiber reinforced resin composite material |
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