CN113319750B - Grinding wheel grooving method for online detection and real-time groove correction - Google Patents
Grinding wheel grooving method for online detection and real-time groove correction Download PDFInfo
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- CN113319750B CN113319750B CN202110182552.9A CN202110182552A CN113319750B CN 113319750 B CN113319750 B CN 113319750B CN 202110182552 A CN202110182552 A CN 202110182552A CN 113319750 B CN113319750 B CN 113319750B
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- grinding wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
- B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
- B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
- B28D7/005—Devices for the automatic drive or the program control of the machines
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a grinding wheel grooving method for detecting and correcting groove shapes on line in real time, which can detect and correct the groove shapes and sizes of the grooves in real time in the grinding wheel grooving process. The diamond pen is used for grooving of the grinding wheel, the optical detection pen moves along with a grooving path of the diamond pen, meanwhile, a light beam emitted by the light source is decomposed into dispersed light with different wavelengths through the multiple coaxial lenses in the optical detection pen and irradiates a working surface of the grinding wheel, and the receiver receives the light which meets confocal conditions on the working surface of the grinding wheel and is reflected along the same light path; by analyzing the wavelength of the received light, the distance between the grinding wheel working surface and the lens can be obtained, and therefore the size parameter of the groove formed in the grinding wheel working surface can be obtained in real time. When the deviation of the groove shape and the size of the groove formed in the working surface of the grinding wheel exceeds a limit value, a correction instruction of the control system is triggered, the motion system is driven, the grooving process parameters are adjusted, and the groove shape and the size are corrected, so that the groove shape and the size can be corrected in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grooving method for a grinding wheel working surface, in particular to a grooving method for a grinding wheel, which is used for detecting on line and correcting groove type in real time.
Background
Grinding is a precision machining method that removes workpiece material by direct interference of the cutting edge of the grinding wheel surface with the workpiece surface. During grinding, the grinding force and the grinding temperature generated by a contact area between the grinding wheel and a workpiece are high, so that the workpiece is easily damaged and the grinding wheel is easily blocked.
In order to solve the problems, the grinding force and the grinding temperature can be reduced by grooving the working surface of the grinding wheel, and the grinding performance is improved. The study of emery wheel fluting technology has been carried out to this general scholars at home and abroad, the utility model patent of publication number "CN 208117609U" a diamond grinding wheel terminal surface fluting device ", its principle is fixed with the diamond grinding wheel, remove and rotate through the motor control cutter, make emery wheel and cutter mutual interference, and through the inclination of control mounting panel, thereby adjust the inclination of diamond grinding wheel, and then can open the recess perpendicular or that incline to diamond grinding wheel center, the device has solved the problem that the conventional pattern of slotting was opened to a certain extent. However, the technology cannot detect the groove type and the size of the grooved groove in real time in the grooving process, and can only detect whether the groove type of the working surface of the grinding wheel meets the requirements after the grooving work of the grinding wheel is completely finished; and the grinding wheel needs to be detached from the grinding machine spindle during grooving, then the grinding wheel is installed on a special grooving device for grooving, and the grinding wheel is installed on the grinding machine spindle again after grooving, so that the grooving efficiency is low.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN105043303A discloses a method and a system for detecting the surface topography of a grinding wheel, which adopts the principle that a triangular distance measurement method is applied, a linear light source generates dispersed light through a digital micromirror device, a spectroscope and a dispersion lens, the dispersed light irradiates the surface of the grinding wheel and is reflected, the reflected dispersed light is reflected into a CCD camera through the spectroscope, so that the surface topography of the grinding wheel is obtained, and a new idea is opened for accurately detecting the surface topography of the grinding wheel. However, as is known from the principle of optical dispersion of a digital micromirror device, a spectroscope, and a dispersive lens, the wavelength of the dispersed light dispersed by this technique varies by several tens of micrometers, and thus, as described in this patent specification, this technique is mainly used for the detection of the surface topography of a grinding wheel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides a grinding wheel grooving method for detecting and correcting groove type on line in real time, which can detect and correct the groove type and the size of a groove in real time in the grinding wheel grooving process. The main process is that the diamond pen is used for grooving of the grinding wheel, the optical detection pen moves along with a grooving path of the diamond pen, meanwhile, light beams emitted by the light source are decomposed into dispersed light with different wavelengths through multiple coaxial lenses in the optical detection pen and irradiate a working surface of the grinding wheel, the receiver receives the light which meets confocal conditions on the working surface of the grinding wheel and is reflected back along the same light path, the distance between the working surface of the grinding wheel and the lenses is obtained through calculation, and then the size parameters of the grooves formed in the working surface of the grinding wheel are obtained in real time. When the deviation of the groove shape and the size of the opened groove exceeds a limit value, a correction instruction of the control system is triggered, the moving system is driven, and the grooving process parameters are adjusted, so that the groove shape and the size are corrected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is divided into the following steps: step one, positioning: keeping the grinding wheel on a main shaft of the grinding machine, and marking, namely positioning points on the working surface of the grinding wheel to be used as a grooving starting position; and rotating the grinding wheel, forming a positioning line by the positioning point and rotating, opening the digital camera, and starting the motion system to enable the digital camera to capture the positioning line. Step two, tool setting: determining the spatial position of the diamond pen relative to the digital camera, introducing a position compensation program into a control system, and driving a motion system to enable the diamond pen to move to be right below a grinding wheel positioning line and contact a grinding wheel; and starting the detection driving device to enable the optical detection pen and the central axis of the grinding wheel to be in the same horizontal plane, so that the groove type and the size of the groove formed in the working surface of the grinding wheel subsequently can be measured at the optimal detection position, and tool setting is finished. Step three, grooving: and (3) operating a slotting program set in the control system in advance, setting slotting depth, driving the motion system to enable the diamond pen to move along a preset path, and slotting the grinding wheel to obtain a groove. Step four, groove type online detection: the optical detection pen moves along the path of the diamond pen; starting a light source while slotting, decomposing a generated light beam into dispersed light with different wavelengths in the optical detection pen through multiple coaxial lenses, and reflecting the light beam back from the working surface of the grinding wheel along the same light path and sensing the light beam by a receiver of the optical detection pen only if the light beam meets confocal conditions; the light rays in the defocused state on the working surface of the grinding wheel are in diffuse reflection and cannot be sensed by the receiver; according to the wavelength of light rays meeting the confocal condition, the distance between the grinding wheel working surface and the lens can be obtained, so that the groove shape and the size of the groove formed in the grinding wheel working surface can be obtained in real time; the optical dispersion principle of the multiple coaxial lenses enables the wavelength variation range of the dispersed light formed by decomposition of the multiple coaxial lenses to reach millimeter level, and therefore groove size parameters with millimeter-level depth can be accurately detected. Step five, groove type real-time correction: when the detected deviation of the groove shape and the size of the groove formed in the working surface of the grinding wheel exceeds a limit value, a correction instruction of the control system is triggered, the motion system is driven, the grooving process parameters are adjusted, and the groove shape and the size are corrected, so that the aim of correcting the groove shape and the size in real time is fulfilled. Step six: and continuously executing a slotting program to finish slotting on the working surface of the grinding wheel.
The measuring range of the optical detection pen is 0-2.4 mm, the spot size is 4 mu m, the maximum plane resolution is 1 mu m, and the sampling rate range is 30-1000 Hz.
The detection driving device, the optical detection module, the digital camera, the diamond pen and the tool rest stand are all installed on the motion system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
Firstly, detecting on line. The optical detection pen moves along with the slotting path of the diamond pen, and the distance between the receiver and the grinding wheel working face can be quickly obtained, so that the slot type and the size of the groove formed in the grinding wheel working face can be monitored on line.
And correcting in real time. When the deviation of the groove shape and the size of the groove formed in the grinding wheel working surface is detected to exceed a limit value, a correction instruction of the control system is triggered, the motion system is driven, the grooving process parameters are adjusted, and the groove shape and the size are corrected, so that the aim of correcting the groove shape and the size in real time is fulfilled.
And the detection precision of the groove shape and the size is high. The light beam is decomposed into dispersive light with different wavelengths through multiple coaxial lenses in the optical detection pen, the light meeting the confocal condition can be reflected along the same light path and is sensed by a receiver, and then the corresponding relation between the distance from the lens to the working surface of the irradiated grinding wheel and the wavelength is established through the optical dispersion principle, so that the groove shape and the size of the groove formed in the working surface of the grinding wheel can be accurately and efficiently obtained; the optical dispersion principle of the multiple coaxial lenses enables the wavelength variation range of the dispersed light formed by decomposition of the multiple coaxial lenses to reach millimeter level, and therefore groove size parameters with millimeter-level depth can be accurately detected.
Fourthly, the operation is simple and convenient. Only need set up the fluting procedure and adjust the position of optical detection pen, just can realize at online detection and real-time correction of fluting in-process, easy operation is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positioning of the starting point of slotting.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical detection module in fig. 1.
The labels in the above fig. 1 to 3 are: 1. the device comprises a detection driving device, 2, an optical detection module, 2-1, a light source, 2-2, an optical fiber, 2-3, an optical detection pen, 2-3-1, a receiver, 2-3-2, a lens, 2-4, dispersion light, 3, a digital camera, 4, a grinding wheel, 4-1, a positioning point, 4-2, a positioning line, 4-3, a grinding wheel working surface, 4-4, a groove, 5, a diamond pen, 6 and a tool rest base.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
A grinding wheel slotting device for online detection and real-time groove correction comprises the following steps.
Step one, positioning: keeping the grinding wheel 4 on a main shaft of the grinding machine, and making a mark, namely a positioning point 4-1 on a working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel as a grooving starting position; rotating the grinding wheel 4, forming a positioning line 4-2 by the positioning point 4-1 which rotates, opening the digital camera 3, starting the motion system, and horizontally moving the digital camera 3 along the axial direction of the grinding wheel at the speed of 0.01m/s until the positioning line 4-2 is captured. The detection driving device 1, the optical detection module 2, the digital camera 3, the diamond pen 5 and the tool post 6 are all installed on the motion system.
Step two, tool setting: determining the spatial position of the diamond pen 5 relative to the digital camera 3, introducing a position compensation program into a control system, driving a motion system, and enabling the diamond pen 5 to move to be right below a grinding wheel positioning line 4-2 and contact a grinding wheel 4; and starting the detection driving device 1 to enable the optical detection pen 2-3 to move up and down at the speed of 0.05m/s until the optical detection pen and the central axis of the grinding wheel 4 are in the same horizontal plane, so that the groove type and the size of the groove 4-4 formed subsequently on the working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel can be measured at the optimal detection position, and tool setting is finished.
Step three, grooving: and (3) operating a slotting program set in the control system in advance, setting a slotting depth, driving the motion system to enable the diamond pen 5 to move along a preset path, and slotting the grinding wheel 4 to obtain the groove 4-4.
Step four, groove type online detection: the measuring range of the optical detection pen 2-3 is 0-2.4 mm, the light spot size is 4 mu m, the maximum plane resolution is 1 mu m, and the sampling rate range is 30-1000 Hz; the optical detection pen 2-3 moves along the path of the diamond pen 5; when the groove is opened, the light source 2-1 is started, the generated light beam is decomposed into dispersed light 2-4 with different wavelengths in the optical detection pen 2-3 through the optical fiber 2-2 through the multiple coaxial lenses 2-3-2, the dispersed light irradiates the grinding wheel working surface 4-3, and only the light meeting the confocal condition can be reflected back from the grinding wheel working surface 4-3 along the same light path and is sensed by the receiver 2-3-1 of the optical detection pen 2-3; the light rays in the defocused state on the working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel are in diffuse reflection and cannot be perceived by the receiver 2-3-1; under the condition of not contacting the grinding wheel 4, the distance between the working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel and the lens 2-3-2 can be obtained according to the wavelength of light rays meeting the confocal condition, so that the groove shape and the size of the groove 4-4 formed in the working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel can be quickly obtained without damage; the optical dispersion principle of the multiple coaxial lenses 2-3-2 enables the wavelength variation range of dispersed light 2-4 formed by decomposition of the multiple coaxial lenses to reach millimeter level, and therefore groove size parameters with millimeter-level depth can be accurately detected.
Step five, groove type real-time correction: when the detected deviation of the groove shape and the size of the groove 4-4 formed in the grinding wheel working surface 4-3 exceeds a limit value, the grooving work of the diamond pen 5 stops running, a correction instruction of a control system is triggered, a motion system is driven, grooving process parameters are adjusted, and the groove shape and the size are corrected, so that the aim of correcting the groove shape and the size in real time is fulfilled.
Step six: and continuously executing a slotting program to finish slotting on the working surface 4-3 of the grinding wheel.
The foregoing examples are set forth to illustrate the present invention more clearly and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims to which the invention pertains, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, after reading the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A grinding wheel slotting method for online detection and real-time groove correction comprises a motion system, a detection system, a slotting system and a control system; the motion system consists of X, Y, Z three groups of motion modules, and the up-down, left-right and front-back combined motion of the motion system can be realized through the cooperation of the three groups of motion modules; the detection system consists of a detection driving device (1), an optical detection module (2) and a digital camera (3), wherein the optical detection module (2) further comprises a light source (2-1), an optical fiber (2-2) and an optical detection pen (2-3); the slotting system consists of a tool rest table (6) and a diamond pen (5); the digital camera (3), the optical detection pen (2-3) and the optical path thereof are positioned on the same vertical surface, and the digital camera (3) is positioned right below the optical detection pen (2-3), and the method is characterized in that the grinding wheel grooving step is as follows:
step one, positioning: keeping the grinding wheel (4) on a main shaft of the grinding machine, and making a mark, namely a positioning point (4-1), on a working surface (4-3) of the grinding wheel to serve as a grooving starting position; the grinding wheel (4) is rotated, and the positioning point (4-1) rotates to form a positioning line (4-2); opening the digital camera (3), starting a motion system, and enabling the digital camera (3) to capture the positioning line (4-2);
step two, tool setting: determining the spatial position of the diamond pen (5) relative to the digital camera (3), introducing a position compensation program into a control system, driving a motion system, and enabling the diamond pen (5) to move to be right below a grinding wheel positioning line (4-2) and to contact a grinding wheel (4); starting the detection driving device (1) to enable the central axes of the optical detection pen (2-3) and the grinding wheel (4) to be in the same horizontal plane, so that the groove type and the size of a groove (4-4) formed in the subsequent grinding wheel working surface (4-3) can be measured at the optimal detection position, and tool setting is finished;
step three, grooving: operating a slotting program set in advance in the control system, setting slotting depth, driving the motion system to enable the diamond pen (5) to move along a preset path, and slotting the grinding wheel (4) to obtain a groove (4-4);
step four, groove type online detection: the optical detection pen (2-3) moves along the path of the diamond pen (5); starting a light source (2-1) while slotting, and decomposing the generated light beam into dispersed light (2-4) with different wavelengths in an optical detection pen (2-3) through a multiple coaxial lens (2-3-2); only the light meeting the confocal condition can be reflected back from the working surface (4-3) of the grinding wheel along the same optical path and is sensed by a receiver (2-3-1) of the optical detection pen (2-3); the light rays in the defocused state on the grinding wheel working surface (4-3) are in diffuse reflection and cannot be perceived by the receiver (2-3-1); according to the wavelength of light rays meeting the confocal condition, the distance between the grinding wheel working surface (4-3) and the lens (2-3-2) can be obtained, so that the groove shape and the size of the groove (4-4) formed in the grinding wheel working surface (4-3) can be obtained in real time; the wavelength variation range of the dispersed light (2-4) formed by decomposing the multiple coaxial lenses (2-3-2) can reach the millimeter level by the optical dispersion principle, so that the groove size parameter with the depth of the millimeter level can be accurately detected;
step five, groove type real-time correction: when the detected deviation of the groove shape and the size of the groove (4-4) formed in the grinding wheel working surface (4-3) exceeds a limit value, a correction instruction of a control system is triggered, a motion system is driven, the grooving process parameters are adjusted, and the groove shape and the size are corrected, so that the aim of correcting the groove shape and the size in real time is fulfilled;
step six: and continuously executing a slotting program to finish slotting on the working surface (4-3) of the grinding wheel.
2. The grinding wheel grooving method for detecting groove shapes on line and correcting groove shapes in real time according to claim 1, wherein the groove shapes are determined by the following steps: the measuring range of the optical detection pen (2-3) is 0-2.4 mm, the diameter of a light spot is 4 mu m, the maximum plane resolution is 1 mu m, and the sampling frequency range is 30-1000 Hz.
3. The grinding wheel grooving method for detecting groove shapes on line and correcting groove shapes in real time according to claim 1, wherein the groove shapes are determined by the following steps: the detection driving device (1), the optical detection module (2), the digital camera (3), the diamond pen (5) and the tool rest table (6) are all arranged on the motion system.
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| JP2016164102A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Diamond polycrystal, cutting tool, wear-resistant tool, grinding tool, and manufacturing method of diamond polycrystal |
| CN105983903A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-05 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Shape measuring device and processing device |
| CN107962510A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙理工大学 | Orderly microstructured cvd diamond emery wheel in a kind of surface and preparation method thereof |
| CN110587402A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-20 | 南通大学 | Method and device for detecting and trimming end face grinding wheel quality in real time |
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2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202110182552.9A patent/CN113319750B/en active Active
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| CN101143429A (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2008-03-19 | 上海水产大学 | Method for trimming laser auxiliary mechanical diamond grinding wheel based on fiber-optical laser |
| JP2016164102A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-08 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Diamond polycrystal, cutting tool, wear-resistant tool, grinding tool, and manufacturing method of diamond polycrystal |
| CN105983903A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2016-10-05 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Shape measuring device and processing device |
| CN105043303A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-11 | 华侨大学 | Detection method and system for surface morphology of grinding wheel |
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