CN113319464B - Annular nickel-based self-brazing solder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Annular nickel-based self-brazing solder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113319464B
CN113319464B CN202010903087.9A CN202010903087A CN113319464B CN 113319464 B CN113319464 B CN 113319464B CN 202010903087 A CN202010903087 A CN 202010903087A CN 113319464 B CN113319464 B CN 113319464B
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nickel
brazing
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filler metal
brazing filler
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CN113319464A (en
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黄俊兰
龙伟民
钟素娟
裴夤崟
纠永涛
周许升
潘建军
李文彬
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Zhengzhou Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd Of China National Machinery Institute Group
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Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3033Ni as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40Making wire or rods for soldering or welding

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及钎焊材料技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种环状镍基自钎钎料及其制备方法和应用。本发明的一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:镍基钎料79.5~91.7份、B粉0.5~3份、Si粉1.2~11.1份、增稠剂0.3~0.5份和水3~8份。通过各组分的配合作用,可实现钎料的自钎性能;制成环状,可实现钎料的定量、自动添加,不浪费材料,适合自动钎焊,并且使焊接材料获得优异的焊接性能。本发明的环状镍基自钎钎料不含钎剂成分,不会产生钎剂残渣腐蚀接头,具有较佳的自钎性能,符合绿色环保要求;本发明的制备方法,操作简单、生产效率高,成本低,克服了镍基钎料难制成环的难题。

Figure 202010903087

The invention relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to a ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal and its preparation method and application. A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing solder of the present invention is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based solder, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, thickening 0.3-0.5 parts of agent and 3-8 parts of water. Through the cooperation of various components, the self-brazing performance of the solder can be realized; made into a ring shape, the quantitative and automatic addition of the solder can be realized, without material waste, suitable for automatic brazing, and the welding material can obtain excellent welding performance. . The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention does not contain flux components, does not produce flux residues to corrode joints, has better self-brazing performance, and meets environmental protection requirements; the preparation method of the present invention has simple operation and high production efficiency High, low cost, overcome the difficult problem of making rings from nickel-based solder.

Figure 202010903087

Description

一种环状镍基自钎钎料及其制备方法和应用A kind of annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal and its preparation method and application

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及钎焊材料技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种环状镍基自钎钎料及其制备方法和应用。The invention relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to a ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal and its preparation method and application.

背景技术Background technique

不锈钢由于自身优越的高温性能和良好的耐腐蚀性能,被广泛用于换热器管路的制造。近年来,不锈钢换热器成为冶金、化工、能源、交通、轻工、食品等工业部门普遍采用的热交换装置。钎焊是不锈钢换热器管路制造的关键环节,决定着换热器的使用寿命。随着人们生活质量的提升,对不锈钢换热器焊接质量的要求越来越高。不锈钢换热器的焊接质量很大程度上依赖于所用的钎焊材料。Due to its superior high temperature performance and good corrosion resistance, stainless steel is widely used in the manufacture of heat exchanger piping. In recent years, stainless steel heat exchangers have become heat exchange devices commonly used in metallurgy, chemical industry, energy, transportation, light industry, food and other industrial sectors. Brazing is a key link in the manufacture of stainless steel heat exchanger piping, which determines the service life of the heat exchanger. With the improvement of people's quality of life, the requirements for the welding quality of stainless steel heat exchangers are getting higher and higher. The welding quality of stainless steel heat exchangers is largely dependent on the brazing material used.

镍基钎料与大多数铁基合金具有较好的相容性,是钎焊不锈钢的常用钎焊材料。镍基钎料是以镍为基体,并添加有能降低熔点及提高热强度元素的一种高温钎料。镍基钎料的硬、脆性大,加工性差,很难加工成环状或丝状钎料。现有的做法是将镍基钎料金属粉制备成膏状钎料,涂覆在管路待钎焊面进行钎焊,然而,钎焊过程中,膏状钎料无法实现钎料、钎剂的精确定量添加,刷涂后易乱流、鼓泡或塌陷,不但易堵塞管路、浪费材料且焊缝成型不良。另外,传统镍基钎料大多没有自钎性,钎焊过程中往往需要不断刷涂和添加钎剂,钎剂大多含有氟化物,钎焊过程中易挥发,污染环境、危害人体健康;残留的钎剂残渣腐蚀性强,易造成不锈钢管路腐蚀泄漏。另外,不断刷涂钎剂也导致钎焊效率低、钎焊成本高。Nickel-based brazing filler metal has good compatibility with most iron-based alloys, and is a common brazing material for brazing stainless steel. Nickel-based brazing filler metal is a kind of high-temperature brazing filler metal that is based on nickel and added with elements that can lower the melting point and increase the thermal strength. Nickel-based solder is hard, brittle, and has poor processability, so it is difficult to process it into ring-shaped or filamentary solder. The existing method is to prepare nickel-based solder metal powder into paste solder, which is coated on the surface of the pipeline to be brazed for brazing. However, during the brazing process, the paste solder cannot realize the Accurate quantitative addition, easy to turbulent flow, bubbling or collapse after brushing, not only easy to block pipelines, waste materials and poor weld formation. In addition, most of the traditional nickel-based solders do not have self-brazing properties. During the brazing process, it is often necessary to continuously brush and add flux. Most of the fluxes contain fluoride, which is volatile during the brazing process, pollutes the environment, and endangers human health; residual Flux residues are highly corrosive and can easily cause corrosion and leakage of stainless steel pipelines. In addition, continuous brushing of flux also leads to low brazing efficiency and high brazing cost.

有鉴于此,特提出本发明。In view of this, the present invention is proposed.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的一个目的在于提供一种不含钎剂的环状镍基自钎钎料,可实现钎料的自钎、定量、自动添加,不浪费材料,适合自动钎焊,并且使焊接材料获得优异的焊接性能。An object of the present invention is to provide a ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing solder without flux, which can realize self-brazing, quantitative, and automatic addition of solder without wasting materials, is suitable for automatic brazing, and makes the welding material obtain Excellent welding performance.

本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,操作简单、生产效率高,成本低,克服了镍基钎料难制成环的难题。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, which is simple in operation, high in production efficiency, and low in cost, and overcomes the difficulty of making rings from nickel-base filler metal.

本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种环状镍基自钎钎料在不锈钢管件的感应钎焊和/或低碳钢的钎焊中的应用。与现有钎料相比,达到相同效果,本申请无须添加钎剂、无需气保焊,且可节省一半以上的钎焊钎料,节省一半的钎焊时间。Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal in induction brazing of stainless steel pipe fittings and/or brazing of low carbon steel. Compared with the existing brazing filler metal, the same effect is achieved, and the present application does not need to add flux and gas shielded welding, and can save more than half of the brazing filler metal and half of the brazing time.

为了实现本发明的上述目的,特采用以下技术方案:In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, special adopt following technical scheme:

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料79.5~91.7份、B粉0.5~3份、Si粉1.2~11.1份、增稠剂0.3~0.5份和水3~8份。79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based solder, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 parts of thickener and 3-8 parts of water.

优选地,所述Si粉和所述B粉的质量比为2.4~3.7。Preferably, the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4-3.7.

优选地,所述Si粉的粒度为250~325目;Preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 250-325 mesh;

优选地,所述Si粉的粒度为270~300目。Preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 270-300 mesh.

优选地,所述B粉的粒度为300~500目;Preferably, the particle size of the B powder is 300-500 mesh;

优选地,所述B粉的粒度为325~400目。Preferably, the particle size of the B powder is 325-400 mesh.

优选地,所述镍基钎料包括BNi74CrSiB、BNi82CrSiB、BNi92SiB和BNi95SiB中的至少一种;Preferably, the nickel-based solder includes at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB and BNi95SiB;

优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为250~325目;Preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 250-325 mesh;

更优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为270~300目;More preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 270-300 mesh;

优选地,所述增稠剂包括羟丙基淀粉。Preferably, the thickener includes hydroxypropyl starch.

优选地,所述环状镍基自钎钎料的内径与外径之比为(5~8):(10~12)。Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12).

如上所述的环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal as mentioned above may further comprise the steps:

所述镍基钎料、Si粉、B粉、增稠剂和水的混合物,放入设置有环形槽的模具中成型得到环状坯料,将所述环状坯料进行干燥处理。The mixture of nickel-based solder, Si powder, B powder, thickener and water is put into a mold provided with an annular groove to form a ring-shaped blank, and the ring-shaped blank is dried.

优选地,所述干燥的温度为80~120℃,干燥的时间为1.5~3h。Preferably, the drying temperature is 80-120° C., and the drying time is 1.5-3 hours.

优选地,所述干燥的温度为90~100℃,干燥的时间为1.8~2.5h。Preferably, the drying temperature is 90-100° C., and the drying time is 1.8-2.5 hours.

如上所述的环状镍基自钎钎料在不锈钢管件的感应钎焊和/或低碳钢的钎焊中的应用。Application of the ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal as described above in induction brazing of stainless steel pipe fittings and/or brazing of low carbon steel.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1)本发明的一种环状镍基自钎钎料,不含钎剂成分,通过Si、B组分的配合作用,使镍基钎料具有优异的自钎性能。(1) A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention does not contain flux components, and through the cooperation of Si and B components, the nickel-based filler metal has excellent self-brazing performance.

(2)本发明的一种环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,操作简单、生产效率高,成本低,克服了镍基钎料难制成环的难题。(2) The preparation method of a ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency and low cost, and overcomes the difficult problem that the nickel-based filler metal is difficult to make into a ring.

(3)本发明的一种环状镍基自钎钎料可实现不锈钢管件在大气环境下的无钎剂钎焊,与现有技术的钎焊膏相比,达到相同效果,本申请可节省一半以上的钎焊钎料,节省一半的时间。应用在普通低碳钢的钎焊时同样具有优异的钎焊效果。(3) a kind of ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention can realize the flux-free brazing of stainless steel pipe fittings under atmospheric environment, compared with the brazing paste of prior art, reach the same effect, the application can save More than half the brazing filler metal, half the time. It also has excellent brazing effect when applied to brazing of ordinary low carbon steel.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the specific implementation or description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description The drawings show some implementations of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative work.

图1为本发明环状镍基自钎钎料的图片;Fig. 1 is the picture of annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention;

图2为本发明制备环状镍基自钎钎料的模具结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the mold structural representation that the present invention prepares annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal;

图3为采用本发明实施例5中的环状镍基自钎钎料在大气环境下感应钎焊得到的316L不锈钢管的钎缝形貌图;Fig. 3 is the brazing seam topography figure of the 316L stainless steel pipe that adopts ring-shaped nickel-base self-brazing filler metal in the embodiment of the present invention 5 induction brazing to obtain;

图4为采用现有的镍基膏状钎料得到的316L不锈钢管的钎缝形貌图;Fig. 4 is the brazing seam topography figure of the 316L stainless steel pipe that adopts existing nickel-based paste solder to obtain;

图5为采用本发明中的环状镍基自钎钎料进行普通低碳钢钎焊的表面形貌图;Fig. 5 is the surface topography figure that adopts annular nickel-base self-brazing filler metal among the present invention to carry out common low carbon steel brazing;

图6为采用现有的镍基膏状钎料进行普通低碳钢钎焊的表面形貌图。Fig. 6 is a surface topography diagram of ordinary low-carbon steel brazing by using existing nickel-based paste solder.

附图标记:Reference signs:

1-环形沟槽,2-模具基体。1-annular groove, 2-mold base.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限制本发明的范围。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those who do not indicate the specific conditions in the examples are carried out according to the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used were not indicated by the manufacturer, and they were all commercially available conventional products.

根据本发明的一个方面,本发明涉及一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made by the raw material of following parts by weight:

镍基钎料79.5~91.7份、B粉0.5~3份、Si粉1.2~11.1份、增稠剂0.3~0.5份和水3~8份。79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based solder, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 parts of thickener and 3-8 parts of water.

本发明的环状镍基自钎钎料,通过各组分的配合作用,可实现钎料的自钎、钎料的定量、自动添加,不浪费材料,适合自动钎焊,并且使焊接材料获得优异的焊接性能。The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention can realize the self-brazing of the brazing filler metal, the quantitative and automatic addition of the brazing filler metal through the cooperation of each component, does not waste materials, is suitable for automatic brazing, and makes the welding material obtain Excellent welding performance.

本发明中起自钎作用的元素为Si、B。Si、B不但可降低镍基钎料合金的熔化温度,还是较强的还原剂。在钎焊温度下,它们生产的氧化物比镍、钴、铁等元素生产的氧化物都稳定。因此,Si、B元素对镍、钴、铁等元素的氧化物具有强烈的脱氧还原作用。Si、B与氧作用,分别生产B2O3和SiO2。B2O3的熔点为580℃,SiO2的熔点为1713℃。B2O3为硼酐,是硬钎剂的主成分,能与铜、锌、镍和铁的氧化物形成易熔的硼酸盐,理论上可以达到去膜和保护作用,但是,B2O3的熔点虽然较低,但黏度较大,流动性不好,形成的氧化渣难以浮出表面,从而恶化钎料的自钎性能。研究发现,当B2O3和SiO2同时存在时,能与铜、锌、镍和铁的氧化物形成低熔点的硼硅酸盐,这种硼硅酸盐的黏度较小,密度小,流动性好,产生的氧化渣较易浮出合金表面,使钎焊表面得到保护,使钎料金属得以流动、填缝,从而完成无钎剂钎焊。The elements acting as self-brazing in the present invention are Si and B. Si and B can not only reduce the melting temperature of nickel-based solder alloy, but also are strong reducing agents. At brazing temperatures, the oxides they produce are more stable than those produced by elements such as nickel, cobalt, and iron. Therefore, Si and B elements have a strong deoxidation and reduction effect on the oxides of nickel, cobalt, iron and other elements. Si, B react with oxygen to produce B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 respectively. The melting point of B2O3 is 580°C and that of SiO2 is 1713°C. B 2 O 3 is boron anhydride, which is the main component of brazing flux. It can form fusible borate with oxides of copper, zinc, nickel and iron. In theory, it can achieve film removal and protection. However, B 2 Although the melting point of O 3 is low, its viscosity is high and its fluidity is not good. The formed oxide slag is difficult to float out of the surface, thus deteriorating the self-brazing performance of the solder. The research found that when B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 exist at the same time, they can form borosilicate with low melting point with oxides of copper, zinc, nickel and iron. This borosilicate has low viscosity and low density. The fluidity is good, and the oxidized slag produced is easier to float out of the alloy surface, so that the brazing surface is protected, so that the brazing filler metal can flow and fill the joints, thereby completing flux-free brazing.

在一种实施方式中,所述镍基钎料为79.5~91.7份,还可以选择80份、80.5份、81份、81.5份、82份、82.5份、83份、83.5份、84份、84.5份、85份、85.5份、86份、86.5份、87份、87.5份、88份88.5份、89份、89.5份、90份、90.5份、91份或91.5份。In one embodiment, the nickel-based solder is 79.5 to 91.7 parts, and 80 parts, 80.5 parts, 81 parts, 81.5 parts, 82 parts, 82.5 parts, 83 parts, 83.5 parts, 84 parts, 84.5 parts can also be selected. parts, 85 parts, 85.5 parts, 86 parts, 86.5 parts, 87 parts, 87.5 parts, 88 parts, 88.5 parts, 89 parts, 89.5 parts, 90 parts, 90.5 parts, 91 parts or 91.5 parts.

在一种实施方式中,所述B粉为0.5~3份,还可以选择0.5份、0.8份、1份、1.2份、1.5份、1.8份、2份、2.2份、2.5份、2.8份或3份。In one embodiment, the B powder is 0.5-3 parts, and 0.5 parts, 0.8 parts, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.8 parts, 2 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.8 parts or 3 copies.

在一种实施方式中,所述Si粉为1.2~11.1份,还可以选择1.2份、1.5份、2份、2.5份、3份、3.5份、4份、5份、6份、7份、8份、9份、10份、11份或11.1份。In one embodiment, the Si powder is 1.2 to 11.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 11.1 servings.

在一种实施方式中,所述增稠剂为0.3~0.5份,还可以选择份0.32份、0.34份、0.35份、0.36份、0.37份、0.38份、0.4份、0.42份、0.45份、0.46份、0.47份、0.48份或0.49份。In one embodiment, the thickener is 0.3-0.5 parts, and 0.32 parts, 0.34 parts, 0.35 parts, 0.36 parts, 0.37 parts, 0.38 parts, 0.4 parts, 0.42 parts, 0.45 parts, 0.46 parts can also be selected. parts, 0.47 parts, 0.48 parts or 0.49 parts.

在一种实施方式中,所述水为3~8份,还可以选择3.5份、4份、4.5份、5份、5.5份、6份、6.5份、7份、7.5份或8份。In one embodiment, the amount of water is 3-8 parts, and 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts or 8 parts can also be selected.

所述Si粉和所述B粉的质量比为2.4~3.7。The mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4-3.7.

在一种优选地实施方式中,所述Si粉和所述B粉的质量比为2.4~3.7,还可以选择2.4、2.5、2.6、2.7、2.8、2.9、3、3.1、3.2、3.3、3.4、3.5、3.6或3.7。In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4 to 3.7, and 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 can also be selected. , 3.5, 3.6 or 3.7.

由B2O3和SiO2的二元相图可知,当SiO2含量在60%~70%时,也即Si粉与B粉的质量比保持在2.4~3.7之间时,二者形成的硼硅酸盐熔化温度在800~1000℃左右,此时,与镍基钎料的钎焊温度980~1050℃相匹配,可使镍基钎料具有最佳的自钎性能。From the binary phase diagram of B 2 O 3 and SiO 2 , it can be seen that when the content of SiO 2 is 60% to 70%, that is, when the mass ratio of Si powder to B powder is kept between 2.4 and 3.7, the two formed The melting temperature of borosilicate is around 800-1000°C. At this time, matching the brazing temperature of nickel-based solder at 980-1050°C can make nickel-based solder have the best self-brazing performance.

优选地,所述Si粉的粒度为250~325目。Preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 250-325 mesh.

更优选地,所述Si粉的粒度为270~300目。More preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 270-300 mesh.

优选地,所述镍基钎料包括BNi74CrSiB、BNi82CrSiB、BNi92SiB和BNi95SiB中的至少一种。Preferably, the nickel-based solder includes at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB and BNi95SiB.

BNi74CrSiB(BNi-1)主要用于高温合金、不锈钢、硬质合金等的钎焊,耐腐蚀,高温下强度高,渗透力好,适合高温下受大应力的部件,可用于连接镍基、钴基、铬基、铁基等。BNi74CrSiB (BNi-1) is mainly used for brazing of high-temperature alloys, stainless steel, hard alloys, etc. It is corrosion-resistant, has high strength at high temperatures, and has good penetration. base, chromium base, iron base, etc.

BNi82CrSiB(BNi-2)钎料在钎焊过程中,其熔化温度较低,具有较好的润湿性,形成的钎焊接头具有较好的高温强度,及优良的抗氧化性能和耐蚀性能。During the brazing process, BNi82CrSiB (BNi-2) solder has low melting temperature and good wettability, and the formed brazed joint has good high temperature strength, excellent oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance. .

BNi92SiB(BNi-3)是耐超高温的钎焊材料,非常适合高要求的连接钎焊,即使对于不是很好的窄缝及钎焊环境也有极好的连接性能。BNi92SiB (BNi-3) is an ultra-high temperature resistant brazing material, which is very suitable for high-demand connection brazing, and has excellent connection performance even for not very good narrow seams and brazing environments.

BNi95SiB(BNi-4)具有高强度,高温性能和耐腐蚀性。BNi95SiB (BNi-4) has high strength, high temperature performance and corrosion resistance.

与本发明上述特定的镍基钎料与其他组分协调配合可实现钎料的自钎、钎料定量、自动添加,不浪费材料,适合自动钎焊,并且使焊接材料获得优异的焊接性能,提高钎焊效率。Coordinating with the above-mentioned specific nickel-based solder of the present invention and other components can realize self-brazing of solder, quantitative solder, automatic addition, no waste of material, suitable for automatic brazing, and excellent welding performance of the soldering material. Improve brazing efficiency.

优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为250~325目。Preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 250-325 mesh.

更优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为270~300目。More preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 270-300 mesh.

优选地,所述增稠剂包括羟丙基淀粉。Preferably, the thickener includes hydroxypropyl starch.

优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为150~200目;Preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 150-200 mesh;

优选地,所述镍基钎料的粒度为180~200目。Preferably, the particle size of the nickel-based solder is 180-200 mesh.

本发明限定所述镍基钎料的粒度在适宜的范围,与其他组分配合效果更佳。The present invention limits the particle size of the nickel-based solder to be in an appropriate range, and the effect of coordinating with other components is better.

优选地,所述环状镍基自钎钎料的内径与外径之比为(5~8):(10~12)。Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12).

本发明特定的内环径与外环径之比更有利于增强后期钎焊材料的钎焊性能。The specific ratio of the inner ring diameter to the outer ring diameter of the present invention is more conducive to enhancing the brazing performance of the later-stage brazing material.

在一种实施方式中,所述环状镍基自钎钎料的内径与外径之比为(5~8):(10~12),还可以选择5:10、5:12、6:10或7:10。In one embodiment, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12), and 5:10, 5:12, 6: 10 or 7:10.

如上所述的环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:The preparation method of annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal as above, it may further comprise the steps:

所述镍基钎料、Si粉、B粉、增稠剂和水的混合物,放入设置有环形槽的模具中成型得到环状坯料,将所述环状坯料进行干燥处理。The mixture of nickel-based solder, Si powder, B powder, thickener and water is put into a mold provided with an annular groove to form a ring-shaped blank, and the ring-shaped blank is dried.

本发明的环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,操作简单、生产效率高,成本低。The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency and low cost.

优选地,所述干燥的温度为80~120℃,干燥的时间为1.5~3h。Preferably, the drying temperature is 80-120° C., and the drying time is 1.5-3 hours.

在一种实施方式中,所述干燥的温度为80~120℃,还可以选择85℃、87℃、90℃、92℃、95℃、98℃、100℃、102℃、105℃、107℃、110℃、113℃、115℃、117℃或119℃。In one embodiment, the drying temperature is 80°C to 120°C, 85°C, 87°C, 90°C, 92°C, 95°C, 98°C, 100°C, 102°C, 105°C, 107°C can also be selected , 110°C, 113°C, 115°C, 117°C or 119°C.

优选地,所述干燥的温度为90~100℃,干燥的时间为1.8~2.5h。Preferably, the drying temperature is 90-100° C., and the drying time is 1.8-2.5 hours.

在一种优选的实施方式中,所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,包括以下步骤;In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal comprises the following steps;

(a)称取Si粉、B粉、蒸馏水、羟丙基淀粉、钎料金属粉,先将钎剂粉、羟丙基淀粉加入蒸馏水搅拌制成膏状,再加入钎料金属粉搅拌、压制成团状材料,备用;(a) Weigh Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch, and solder metal powder, first add solder powder and hydroxypropyl starch to distilled water and stir to make a paste, then add solder metal powder to stir and press Agglomerate materials, set aside;

(b)取一表面设有环形槽的模具,将槽内均匀刷涂一层脱模剂;(b) Get a mold whose surface is provided with an annular groove, and evenly brush one layer of release agent in the groove;

(c)将步骤(a)制得的团状材料用刮板刮入步骤(b)模具中的环形槽,压平、并刮去槽外多余的团状材料;(c) Scraping the dough-shaped material prepared in step (a) into the annular groove in the mold of step (b) with a scraper, flattening, and scraping off excess dough-like material outside the groove;

(d)将模具倒扣在铺一层离型纸的金属板上,轻轻振动,脱出一个个环状钎料坯;(d) Buckle the mold upside down on a metal plate covered with a layer of release paper, vibrate gently, and take out ring-shaped solder blanks one by one;

(e)将步骤(d)铺满环形钎料坯的金属板置于烘箱,干燥,即得环状镍基自钎钎料;所述干燥的温度为80~120℃,干燥的时间为1.5~3h。(e) Place the metal plate covered with ring-shaped brazing filler metal in step (d) in an oven and dry to obtain ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 80-120° C., and the drying time is 1.5 ~3h.

本发明环状镍基自钎钎料的图片如图1所示。The picture of annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1.

本发明制备环状镍基自钎钎料的模具结构示意图如图2所示。The schematic diagram of the mold structure for preparing annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 .

如上所述的环状镍基自钎钎料在不锈钢管件的感应钎焊和/或低碳钢的钎焊中的应用。Application of the ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal as described above in induction brazing of stainless steel pipe fittings and/or brazing of low carbon steel.

与现有技术的钎焊膏相比,达到相同效果,本申请不含有钎剂成分,且可节省一半以上的钎焊钎料,节省一半的时间。本发明的环状镍基自钎钎料应用在普通低碳钢的钎焊时同样具有优异的钎焊效果。Compared with the brazing paste in the prior art, the same effect is achieved. The present application does not contain flux components, and can save more than half of the brazing filler metal and half of the time. The ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention also has excellent brazing effect when it is applied to the brazing of ordinary low-carbon steel.

下面将结合具体的实施例对本发明作进一步的解释说明。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific examples.

实施例1Example 1

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料91.7份、B粉0.5份、Si粉1.2份、增稠剂0.3份和水3份;91.7 parts of nickel-based solder, 0.5 parts of B powder, 1.2 parts of Si powder, 0.3 parts of thickener and 3 parts of water;

所述Si粉与所述B粉的质量比为2.4;The mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4;

所述镍基钎料为BNi74CrSiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi74CrSiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ8mm、环外径Φ16mm、丝径为Φ4mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ8mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ16mm, and the wire diameter is Φ4mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of described annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, comprises the following steps:

(a)称取Si粉、B粉、蒸馏水、羟丙基淀粉、钎料金属粉,先将羟丙基淀粉加入蒸馏水搅拌制成膏状,再加入Si粉、B粉、钎料金属粉搅拌、压制成团状材料,备用;(a) Weigh Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch, brazing metal powder, first add hydroxypropyl starch to distilled water and stir to make a paste, then add Si powder, B powder, brazing metal powder and stir , Pressed into a lump material, set aside;

(b)取一表面设有环形槽的模具,如图2所示,形槽的模具结构包括环形沟槽1和模具基体2;将槽内均匀刷涂一层脱模剂;(b) get the mold that a surface is provided with annular groove, as shown in Figure 2, the mold structure of shaped groove comprises annular groove 1 and mold matrix 2; Brush one deck release agent evenly in the groove;

(c)将步骤(a)制得的团状材料用刮板刮入步骤(b)模具中的环形槽,压平、并刮去槽外多余的团状材料;(c) Scraping the dough-shaped material prepared in step (a) into the annular groove in the mold of step (b) with a scraper, flattening, and scraping off excess dough-like material outside the groove;

(d)将模具倒扣在铺一层离型纸的金属板上,轻轻振动,脱出一个个环状钎料坯;(d) Buckle the mold upside down on a metal plate covered with a layer of release paper, vibrate gently, and take out ring-shaped solder blanks one by one;

(e)将步骤(d)铺满环形钎料坯的金属板置于烘箱,干燥,即得环状镍基自钎钎料;所述干燥的温度为80℃,干燥的时间为3h。(e) Put the metal plate covered with annular brazing filler metal in step (d) in an oven, and dry to obtain annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 80° C., and the drying time is 3 hours.

实施例2Example 2

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料89.6份、B粉1份、Si粉2.4份、增稠剂0.4份和水4份;89.6 parts of nickel-based solder, 1 part of B powder, 2.4 parts of Si powder, 0.4 parts of thickener and 4 parts of water;

所述Si粉与所述B粉质量比为2.4;Described Si powder and described B powder mass ratio are 2.4;

所述镍基钎料为BNi82CrSiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi82CrSiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ6mm、环外径Φ14mm、丝径为Φ4mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ6mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ14mm, and the wire diameter is Φ4mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:The preparation method of described annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, comprises the following steps:

(a)称取Si粉、B粉、蒸馏水、羟丙基淀粉、钎料金属粉,先将羟丙基淀粉加入蒸馏水搅拌制成膏状,再加入Si粉、B粉、钎料金属粉搅拌、压制成团状材料,备用;(a) Weigh Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch, brazing metal powder, first add hydroxypropyl starch to distilled water and stir to make a paste, then add Si powder, B powder, brazing metal powder and stir , Pressed into a lump material, set aside;

(b)取一表面设有环形槽的模具,如图2所示,形槽的模具结构包括环形沟槽1和模具基体2;将槽内均匀刷涂一层脱模剂;(b) get the mold that a surface is provided with annular groove, as shown in Figure 2, the mold structure of shaped groove comprises annular groove 1 and mold matrix 2; Brush one deck release agent evenly in the groove;

(c)将步骤(a)制得的团状材料用刮板刮入步骤(b)模具中的环形槽,压平、并刮去槽外多余的团状材料;(c) Scraping the dough-shaped material prepared in step (a) into the annular groove in the mold of step (b) with a scraper, flattening, and scraping off excess dough-like material outside the groove;

(d)将模具倒扣在铺一层离型纸的金属板上,轻轻振动,脱出一个个环状钎料坯;(d) Buckle the mold upside down on a metal plate covered with a layer of release paper, vibrate gently, and take out ring-shaped solder blanks one by one;

(e)将步骤(d)铺满环形钎料坯的金属板置于烘箱,干燥,即得环状镍基自钎钎料;所述干燥的温度为120℃,干燥的时间为1.5h。(e) Put the metal plate covered with ring-shaped brazing filler metal in step (d) in an oven, and dry to obtain ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 120° C., and the drying time is 1.5 h.

实施例3Example 3

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料87.5份、B粉1.5份、Si粉3.6份、增稠剂0.5份和水5份;87.5 parts of nickel-based solder, 1.5 parts of B powder, 3.6 parts of Si powder, 0.5 parts of thickener and 5 parts of water;

所述Si粉与所述B粉质量比为2.4;Described Si powder and described B powder mass ratio are 2.4;

所述镍基钎料为BNi92SiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi92SiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ5mm、环外径Φ15mm、丝径为Φ5mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ5mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ15mm, and the wire diameter is Φ5mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法,除干燥的温度为90℃,干燥的时间为2h,其他操作步骤同实施例1。The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, except that the drying temperature is 90° C. and the drying time is 2 hours, other operating steps are the same as in Example 1.

实施例4Example 4

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料85.7份、B粉2份、Si粉6份、增稠剂0.3份和水6份;85.7 parts of nickel-based solder, 2 parts of B powder, 6 parts of Si powder, 0.3 parts of thickener and 6 parts of water;

所述Si粉与所述B粉质量比为3;The mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 3;

所述镍基钎料为BNi95SiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi95SiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ6mm、环外径Φ14mm、丝径为Φ4mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ6mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ14mm, and the wire diameter is Φ4mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法同实施例1。The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as in Example 1.

实施例5Example 5

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料82.6份、B粉2.5份、Si粉8.75份、增稠剂0.4份和水7份;82.6 parts of nickel-based solder, 2.5 parts of B powder, 8.75 parts of Si powder, 0.4 parts of thickener and 7 parts of water;

所述Si粉与B粉质量比为3.5;Described Si powder and B powder mass ratio are 3.5;

所述镍基钎料为BNi95SiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi95SiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ7mm、环外径Φ13mm、丝径为Φ3mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ7mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ13mm, and the wire diameter is Φ3mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法同实施例1。The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as in Example 1.

实施例6Example 6

一种环状镍基自钎钎料,主要由如下重量份数的原料制得:A ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal, mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

镍基钎料79.5份、B粉3份、Si粉11.1份、增稠剂0.5份和水8份;79.5 parts of nickel-based solder, 3 parts of B powder, 11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.5 parts of thickener and 8 parts of water;

所述Si粉与B粉质量比为3.7;Described Si powder and B powder mass ratio are 3.7;

所述镍基钎料为BNi82CrSiB;The nickel-based solder is BNi82CrSiB;

所述增稠剂为羟丙基淀粉;The thickener is hydroxypropyl starch;

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的环内径Φ6mm、环外径Φ14mm、丝径为Φ4mm。The ring inner diameter of the nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is Φ6mm, the outer diameter of the ring is Φ14mm, and the wire diameter is Φ4mm.

所述环状镍基自钎钎料的制备方法同实施例1。The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as in Example 1.

实验例1Experimental example 1

目前,为焊接复杂构件,有时需要将镍基钎料制成镍基钎料膏,现有镍基钎料膏的常规制法如下:按重量份分别称取5-15份的乙基纤维素、15-60份的松油醇、2-10份的氢化蓖麻油、2-15份丁基卡比醇、2-8份山梨醇酐单硬脂肪酸,2-6份醇酸丁酸纤维素,充分搅拌静置,制备出透明的有机粘结剂备用;然后称取15-30份有机粘结剂、60-80份镍基钎料粉、5-15份CaF2,倒入容器中,搅拌均匀,则制备成镍基钎料膏。At present, in order to weld complex components, it is sometimes necessary to make nickel-based solder paste from nickel-based solder. The conventional preparation method of existing nickel-based solder paste is as follows: take 5-15 parts by weight of ethyl cellulose , 15-60 parts of terpineol, 2-10 parts of hydrogenated castor oil, 2-15 parts of butyl carbitol, 2-8 parts of sorbitan monostearic acid, 2-6 parts of cellulose alkyd butyrate , fully stirred and left to stand to prepare a transparent organic binder for later use; then weigh 15-30 parts of organic binder, 60-80 parts of nickel-based solder powder, and 5-15 parts of CaF 2 , pour them into a container, Stir evenly, then prepare nickel-based solder paste.

为考察本发明钎焊材料与现有镍基钎料膏的钎焊效率和钎料用量,分别用两种钎料进行316L不锈钢管件的感应钎焊试验。在尽量保证每个管件钎焊效果相同前提下,采用两种钎料钎焊50个同一规格的316L不锈钢管件,计算每个管件的平均钎料、钎剂用量和钎焊时间,如下表1所示。可以看出,与本发明实施例5相比,为达到同样的焊接效果,现有镍基钎料膏至少需要浪费一半以上材料,钎焊时间延长一倍。本发明实施例1~4及实施例6得到的钎焊材料同样实现具有优异的焊接效果,并且节约钎焊材料,提高钎焊效率。In order to investigate the brazing efficiency and the amount of brazing material between the brazing material of the present invention and the existing nickel-based brazing paste, two kinds of brazing filler metals were used to carry out induction brazing tests on 316L stainless steel pipe fittings. Under the premise of ensuring the same brazing effect of each pipe fitting as far as possible, 50 316L stainless steel pipe fittings of the same specification are brazed with two kinds of brazing materials, and the average amount of brazing material, flux and brazing time of each pipe fitting is calculated, as shown in Table 1 below. Show. It can be seen that compared with Example 5 of the present invention, in order to achieve the same welding effect, at least half of the existing nickel-based solder paste needs to be wasted, and the brazing time is doubled. The brazing materials obtained in Examples 1-4 and Example 6 of the present invention also have excellent welding effects, save brazing materials, and improve brazing efficiency.

采用本发明实施例5中的环状镍基自钎钎料得到的316L不锈钢管的钎缝形貌图如图3所示;采用现有的镍基膏状钎料得到的316L不锈钢管的钎缝形貌图如图4所示。The brazing seam topography figure of the 316L stainless steel pipe that adopts the ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal to obtain in the embodiment of the present invention 5 is as shown in Figure 3; The seam topography is shown in Figure 4.

表1钎焊效率、钎料用量、钎剂用量对比情况Table 1 Comparison of brazing efficiency, brazing filler metal dosage, and brazing flux dosage

Figure BDA0002660422740000131
Figure BDA0002660422740000131

实验例2Experimental example 2

为考察本发明钎焊材料与现有镍基钎料膏在普通碳钢板上的焊接效果,分别用两种钎料进行普通低碳钢火焰钎焊试验。碳钢板尺寸规格为50mm×50mm×2mm。为保证试验条件相同,使镍基钎料膏的用量与本发明钎焊材料的用量完全相同,采用两种钎料在同一规格的低碳钢板上进行火焰钎焊试验。火焰钎焊试验后,对比两种钎料钎焊面积大小、钎焊表面质量,如下表2所示,图5为采用本发明中的环状镍基自钎钎料(以实施例5为例)的钎焊表面形貌图,图6为采用现有镍基钎焊膏(实验例1中的镍基钎焊膏)的钎焊表面形貌图。从表2、图5及图6可以看出,在同样钎料用量前提下,本发明钎焊材料的钎焊面积较大,钎焊表面质量较好。In order to investigate the welding effect of the brazing material of the present invention and the existing nickel-based solder paste on common carbon steel plates, flame brazing tests of common low-carbon steel were carried out with two kinds of brazing materials respectively. The size specification of carbon steel plate is 50mm×50mm×2mm. In order to ensure that the test conditions are the same, the consumption of the nickel-based solder paste is exactly the same as that of the brazing material of the present invention, and two kinds of solder are used to carry out the flame brazing test on the low carbon steel plate of the same specification. After the flame brazing test, compare two kinds of brazing material brazing area size, brazing surface quality, as shown in table 2 below, Fig. 5 adopts ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal in the present invention (taking embodiment 5 as example ), and Fig. 6 is a brazing surface topography diagram using an existing nickel-based solder paste (nickel-based solder paste in Experimental Example 1). It can be seen from Table 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 that under the premise of the same amount of solder, the brazing area of the brazing material of the present invention is larger, and the brazing surface quality is better.

表2普通低碳钢钎焊效果Table 2 Brazing effect of ordinary low carbon steel

组别group 钎料用量/克Amount of solder/g 钎焊面积/mm<sup>2</sup>Brazing area/mm<sup>2</sup> 钎焊表面质量Brazing Surface Quality 实施例5Example 5 1.5231.523 325325 光洁bright and clean 现有镍基钎料膏Existing nickel-based solder paste 1.5221.522 96.596.5 渣多、不平滑Much slag, not smooth

最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。It should be noted that at last: above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, and is not intended to limit; Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to foregoing each embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention. range.

Claims (14)

1. The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
79.5 to 91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 2.5 to 3 parts of B powder, 8 to 11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3 to 0.5 part of thickening agent and 3 to 8 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 3.1-3.7.
2. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the Si powder has a particle size of 250 to 325 meshes.
3. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 2, wherein the Si powder has a particle size of 270 to 300 meshes.
4. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the powder B is 300 to 500 meshes.
5. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 4, wherein the particle size of the powder B is 325 to 400 meshes.
6. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-based filler metal comprises at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB, and BNi95 SiB.
7. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 250 to 325 mesh.
8. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 7, wherein the particle size of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 270 to 300 meshes.
9. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the thickener comprises hydroxypropyl starch.
10. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of an inner diameter to an outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5 to 8): (10 to 12).
11. The method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps:
and putting the mixture of the nickel-based brazing filler metal, the Si powder, the B powder, the thickening agent and the water into a die provided with an annular groove for forming to obtain an annular blank, and drying the annular blank.
12. The method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 11, wherein the drying temperature is 80 to 120 ℃, and the drying time is 1.5 to 3 hours.
13. The method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 12, wherein the drying temperature is 90 to 100 ℃ and the drying time is 1.8 to 2.5 hours.
14. Use of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1 to 10 in induction brazing of stainless steel pipes or brazing of low carbon steel.
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