CN113319464A - Annular nickel-based self-brazing solder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Annular nickel-based self-brazing solder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113319464A CN113319464A CN202010903087.9A CN202010903087A CN113319464A CN 113319464 A CN113319464 A CN 113319464A CN 202010903087 A CN202010903087 A CN 202010903087A CN 113319464 A CN113319464 A CN 113319464A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to an annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention relates to an annular nickel-based self-brazing solder which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 part of thickening agent and 3-8 parts of water. The self-fluxing performance of the brazing filler metal can be realized through the cooperation of the components; the brazing filler metal is made into a ring shape, so that the brazing filler metal can be quantitatively and automatically added, no material is wasted, the brazing filler metal is suitable for automatic brazing, and the welding material has excellent welding performance. The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder does not contain brazing flux components, does not generate brazing flux residues to corrode a joint, has better self-brazing performance, and meets the requirement of environmental protection; the preparation method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency and low cost, and overcomes the problem that the nickel-based brazing filler metal is difficult to prepare into rings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brazing materials, in particular to an annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Stainless steel is widely used for manufacturing heat exchanger pipelines due to its excellent high-temperature performance and good corrosion resistance. In recent years, stainless steel heat exchangers have become popular heat exchange devices in industrial sectors such as metallurgy, chemical industry, energy, traffic, light industry, food and the like. Brazing is a key link in the manufacture of stainless steel heat exchanger pipelines and determines the service life of the heat exchanger. Along with the improvement of the life quality of people, the requirement on the welding quality of the stainless steel heat exchanger is higher and higher. The quality of the weld of a stainless steel heat exchanger depends to a large extent on the brazing material used.
The nickel-based brazing filler metal has better compatibility with most iron-based alloys and is a common brazing material for brazing stainless steel. The nickel-based brazing filler metal is a high-temperature brazing filler metal which takes nickel as a matrix and is added with elements capable of reducing a melting point and improving heat strength. The nickel-based brazing filler metal has high hardness and brittleness and poor processability, and is difficult to process into annular or filamentous brazing filler metal. The existing method is to prepare nickel-based brazing filler metal powder into paste-shaped brazing filler metal, and the paste-shaped brazing filler metal is coated on the surface to be brazed of a pipeline for brazing, however, in the brazing process, the paste-shaped brazing filler metal cannot realize accurate quantitative addition of the brazing filler metal and a brazing flux, and the paste-shaped brazing filler metal is easy to flow randomly, bubble or collapse after being coated, so that the pipeline is easy to block, materials are wasted, and the weld joint is poor in forming. In addition, most of the traditional nickel-based brazing filler metals have no self-fluxing property, the brazing flux is required to be continuously brushed and added in the brazing process, most of the brazing flux contains fluoride, and the brazing flux is volatile in the brazing process, pollutes the environment and is harmful to human health; the residual brazing flux residues have strong corrosivity and are easy to cause corrosion leakage of stainless steel pipelines. In addition, continuous flux coating also causes low brazing efficiency and high brazing cost.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brazing flux-free annular nickel-based self-brazing solder, which can realize self-brazing, quantitative and automatic addition of the brazing filler metal, does not waste materials, is suitable for automatic brazing and enables a welding material to obtain excellent welding performance.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder, which is simple to operate, high in production efficiency and low in cost and solves the problem that the nickel-based brazing solder is difficult to prepare into rings.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal in induction brazing of stainless steel pipes and/or brazing of low carbon steel. Compared with the existing brazing filler metal, the brazing filler metal has the same effect, brazing flux does not need to be added, gas shielded welding is not needed, more than half of brazing filler metal can be saved, and half of brazing time is saved.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 part of thickening agent and 3-8 parts of water.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4-3.7.
Preferably, the granularity of the Si powder is 250-325 meshes;
preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 270-300 meshes.
Preferably, the granularity of the B powder is 300-500 meshes;
preferably, the particle size of the B powder is 325-400 meshes.
Preferably, the nickel-based brazing filler metal comprises at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB and BNi95 SiB;
preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 250-325 meshes;
more preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 270-300 meshes;
preferably, the thickening agent comprises hydroxypropyl starch.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12).
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal comprises the following steps:
and putting the mixture of the nickel-based brazing filler metal, the Si powder, the B powder, the thickening agent and the water into a die provided with an annular groove for forming to obtain an annular blank, and drying the annular blank.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 1.5-3 h.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the drying time is 1.8-2.5 h.
The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is applied to induction brazing of stainless steel pipes and/or brazing of low-carbon steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder does not contain brazing flux components, and has excellent self-brazing performance through the cooperation of the Si component and the B component.
(2) The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, high in production efficiency and low in cost, and solves the problem that the nickel-based brazing solder is difficult to prepare into a ring.
(3) The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder can realize flux-free brazing of stainless steel pipes in the atmospheric environment, achieves the same effect compared with the brazing paste in the prior art, and can save more than half of brazing solder and half of time. The brazing alloy also has excellent brazing effect when being applied to brazing of common low-carbon steel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a drawing of an annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mold for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the appearance of a brazing seam of a 316L stainless steel pipe obtained by induction brazing in an atmospheric environment using the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of the appearance of a brazing seam of a 316L stainless steel pipe obtained by using a conventional nickel-based paste brazing filler metal;
FIG. 5 is a surface topography of a conventional low carbon steel brazing process using the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a surface topography of a conventional mild steel braze using a nickel-based paste braze.
Reference numerals:
1-annular groove, 2-mold base.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention relates to an annular nickel-based self-brazing solder which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 part of thickening agent and 3-8 parts of water.
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder can realize self-brazing of the solder and quantitative and automatic addition of the solder through the matching effect of the components, does not waste materials, is suitable for automatic brazing, and enables the welding materials to obtain excellent welding performance.
The elements playing the role of self-fluxing are Si and B. Si and B can not only reduce the melting temperature of the nickel-based brazing alloy, but also are stronger reducing agents. They produce oxides that are more stable than oxides produced by elements such as nickel, cobalt, iron, etc. at brazing temperatures. Therefore, Si and B have a strong deoxidizing and reducing effect on oxides of nickel, cobalt, iron, and the like. Si, B and oxygen react to produce B2O3And SiO2。B2O3Has a melting point of 580 ℃ and SiO2The melting point of (3) is 1713 ℃. B is2O3Boron anhydride, the main component of the brazing flux, can form fusible borate with the oxides of copper, zinc, nickel and iron, and theoretically can achieve the effects of stripping and protecting, but B2O3The flux has a low melting point, but has a high viscosity and poor fluidity, and the formed oxide slag is difficult to float out of the surface, thereby deteriorating the self-fluxing property of the brazing filler metal. The research finds that when B is used2O3And SiO2When the oxide of copper, zinc, nickel and iron exists at the same time, the oxide can form low-melting-point borosilicate, the borosilicate has small viscosity, small density and good fluidity, and the generated oxide slag is easy to float out of the surface of the alloy, so that the surface of brazing is protected, and the brazing filler metal can flow and joint filling, thereby completing brazing without brazing flux.
In one embodiment, the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 79.5 to 91.7 parts, and may be 80 parts, 80.5 parts, 81 parts, 81.5 parts, 82 parts, 82.5 parts, 83 parts, 83.5 parts, 84 parts, 84.5 parts, 85 parts, 85.5 parts, 86 parts, 86.5 parts, 87 parts, 87.5 parts, 88.5 parts, 89 parts, 89.5 parts, 90 parts, 90.5 parts, 91 parts or 91.5 parts.
In one embodiment, the amount of the B powder is 0.5 to 3 parts, and 0.5 part, 0.8 part, 1 part, 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 1.8 parts, 2 parts, 2.2 parts, 2.5 parts, 2.8 parts, or 3 parts may be selected.
In one embodiment, the Si powder is 1.2 to 11.1 parts, and may be selected from 1.2 parts, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, and 11.1 parts.
In one embodiment, the thickener is 0.3 to 0.5 parts, and may be selected from 0.32 parts, 0.34 parts, 0.35 parts, 0.36 parts, 0.37 parts, 0.38 parts, 0.4 parts, 0.42 parts, 0.45 parts, 0.46 parts, 0.47 parts, 0.48 parts, or 0.49 parts.
In one embodiment, the amount of water is 3 to 8 parts, and may be 3.5 parts, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, 7 parts, 7.5 parts, or 8 parts.
The mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4-3.7.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4 to 3.7, and may be selected from 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, or 3.7.
From B2O3And SiO2The binary phase diagram of (A) shows that when SiO is used2When the content is 60-70%, namely the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is kept between 2.4-3.7, the melting temperature of borosilicate formed by the Si powder and the B powder is about 800-1000 ℃, and the borosilicate is matched with the brazing temperature of the nickel-based brazing filler metal at 980-1050 ℃, so that the nickel-based brazing filler metal has the best self-brazing performance.
Preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 250-325 meshes.
More preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 270 to 300 meshes.
Preferably, the nickel-based braze comprises at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB, and BNi95 SiB.
BNi74CrSiB (BNi-1) is mainly used for brazing high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, hard alloy and the like, resists corrosion, has high strength at high temperature and good permeability, is suitable for parts subjected to large stress at high temperature, and can be used for connecting nickel-based, cobalt-based, chromium-based, iron-based and the like.
The BNi82CrSiB (BNi-2) brazing filler metal has lower melting temperature and better wettability in the brazing process, and the formed brazing joint has better high-temperature strength, excellent oxidation resistance and excellent corrosion resistance.
BNi92SiB (BNi-3) is a brazing material with ultrahigh temperature resistance, is very suitable for high-requirement connection brazing, and has excellent connection performance even for narrow gaps and brazing environments which are not very good.
BNi95SiB (BNi-4) has high strength, high temperature performance and corrosion resistance.
The nickel-based brazing filler metal can be coordinated with other components to realize self-brazing of the brazing filler metal, quantitative and automatic addition of the brazing filler metal, no material waste, suitability for automatic brazing, excellent welding performance of the welding material and improvement of brazing efficiency.
Preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 250-325 meshes.
More preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 270-300 meshes.
Preferably, the thickening agent comprises hydroxypropyl starch.
Preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 150-200 meshes;
preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 180-200 meshes.
The invention limits the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal in a proper range, and the nickel-based brazing filler metal has better matching effect with other components.
Preferably, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12).
The specific ratio of the inner ring diameter to the outer ring diameter is more beneficial to enhancing the brazing performance of the brazing material in the later period.
In one embodiment, the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based brazing filler metal is (5 to 8): (10-12), and 5:10, 5:12, 6:10 or 7:10 can be selected.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal comprises the following steps:
and putting the mixture of the nickel-based brazing filler metal, the Si powder, the B powder, the thickening agent and the water into a die provided with an annular groove for forming to obtain an annular blank, and drying the annular blank.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency and low cost.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 1.5-3 h.
In one embodiment, the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and optionally 85 ℃, 87 ℃, 90 ℃, 92 ℃, 95 ℃, 98 ℃, 100 ℃, 102 ℃, 105 ℃, 107 ℃, 110 ℃, 113 ℃, 115 ℃, 117 ℃ or 119 ℃.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 90-100 ℃, and the drying time is 1.8-2.5 h.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal comprises the following steps;
(a) weighing Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch and brazing filler metal powder, adding the brazing filler metal powder and the hydroxypropyl starch into the distilled water, stirring to prepare paste, adding the brazing filler metal powder, stirring, and pressing to obtain a bulk material for later use;
(b) taking a die with an annular groove on the surface, and uniformly brushing a layer of release agent in the groove;
(c) scraping the bulk material prepared in the step (a) into the annular groove in the die in the step (b) by using a scraper, flattening and scraping redundant bulk material outside the groove;
(d) reversely buckling the mould on a metal plate paved with a layer of release paper, and slightly vibrating to separate out annular brazing filler metal blanks;
(e) placing the metal plate fully paved with the annular brazing filler metal blank in the step (d) in an oven, and drying to obtain the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 1.5-3 h.
The figure of the ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal of the invention is shown in figure 1.
The schematic structural diagram of the die for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is shown in figure 2.
The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is applied to induction brazing of stainless steel pipes and/or brazing of low-carbon steel.
Compared with the soldering paste in the prior art, the soldering paste achieves the same effect, does not contain soldering flux components, can save more than half of soldering solder and saves half of time. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal has excellent brazing effect when being applied to brazing of common low-carbon steel.
The invention will be further explained with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 0.5 part of B powder, 1.2 parts of Si powder, 0.3 part of thickening agent and 3 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi74 CrSiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 8mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 16mm, and the wire diameter phi is 4 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder comprises the following steps:
(a) weighing Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch and brazing filler metal powder, adding the hydroxypropyl starch into the distilled water, stirring to prepare paste, adding the Si powder, the B powder and the brazing filler metal powder, stirring, and pressing to obtain a bulk material for later use;
(b) taking a die with a surface provided with an annular groove, wherein the die structure of the annular groove comprises an annular groove 1 and a die base body 2 as shown in figure 2; uniformly brushing a layer of release agent in the groove;
(c) scraping the bulk material prepared in the step (a) into the annular groove in the die in the step (b) by using a scraper, flattening and scraping redundant bulk material outside the groove;
(d) reversely buckling the mould on a metal plate paved with a layer of release paper, and slightly vibrating to separate out annular brazing filler metal blanks;
(e) placing the metal plate fully paved with the annular brazing filler metal blank in the step (d) in an oven, and drying to obtain the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 3 h.
Example 2
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
89.6 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 1 part of B powder, 2.4 parts of Si powder, 0.4 part of thickening agent and 4 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi82 CrSiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 6mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 14mm, and the wire diameter phi is 4 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder comprises the following steps:
(a) weighing Si powder, B powder, distilled water, hydroxypropyl starch and brazing filler metal powder, adding the hydroxypropyl starch into the distilled water, stirring to prepare paste, adding the Si powder, the B powder and the brazing filler metal powder, stirring, and pressing to obtain a bulk material for later use;
(b) taking a die with a surface provided with an annular groove, wherein the die structure of the annular groove comprises an annular groove 1 and a die base body 2 as shown in figure 2; uniformly brushing a layer of release agent in the groove;
(c) scraping the bulk material prepared in the step (a) into the annular groove in the die in the step (b) by using a scraper, flattening and scraping redundant bulk material outside the groove;
(d) reversely buckling the mould on a metal plate paved with a layer of release paper, and slightly vibrating to separate out annular brazing filler metal blanks;
(e) placing the metal plate fully paved with the annular brazing filler metal blank in the step (d) in an oven, and drying to obtain the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal; the drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the drying time is 1.5 h.
Example 3
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
87.5 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 1.5 parts of B powder, 3.6 parts of Si powder, 0.5 part of thickening agent and 5 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi92 SiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 5mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 15mm, and the wire diameter phi is 5 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing solder comprises the same operation steps as in example 1 except that the drying temperature is 90 ℃ and the drying time is 2 hours.
Example 4
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
85.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 2 parts of B powder, 6 parts of Si powder, 0.3 part of thickening agent and 6 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 3;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi95 SiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 6mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 14mm, and the wire diameter phi is 4 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
82.6 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 2.5 parts of B powder, 8.75 parts of Si powder, 0.4 part of thickening agent and 7 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 3.5;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi95 SiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 7mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 13mm, and the wire diameter phi is 3 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as that of example 1.
Example 6
The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
79.5 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 3 parts of B powder, 11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.5 part of thickening agent and 8 parts of water;
the mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 3.7;
the nickel-based brazing filler metal is BNi82 CrSiB;
the thickening agent is hydroxypropyl starch;
the ring inner diameter phi of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is 6mm, the ring outer diameter phi is 14mm, and the wire diameter phi is 4 mm.
The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is the same as that of example 1.
Experimental example 1
At present, in order to weld complex components, nickel-based brazing filler metal sometimes needs to be prepared into nickel-based brazing filler metal paste, and the conventional preparation method of the existing nickel-based brazing filler metal paste is as follows: respectively weighing 5-15 parts of ethyl cellulose, 15-60 parts of terpineol, 2-10 parts of hydrogenated castor oil, 2-15 parts of butyl carbitol, 2-8 parts of sorbitan monostearate fatty acid and 2-6 parts of alcohol acid cellulose butyrate according to parts by weight, fully stirring and standing to prepare a transparent organic binder for later use; then weighing 15-30 parts of organic binder, 60-80 parts of nickel-based solder powder and 5-15 parts of CaF2And pouring the mixture into a container, and uniformly stirring to prepare the nickel-based brazing filler metal paste.
In order to examine the brazing efficiency and the brazing filler metal consumption of the brazing material and the conventional nickel-based brazing filler metal paste, two types of brazing filler metals are respectively used for carrying out an induction brazing test on 316L stainless steel pipes. On the premise of ensuring that the brazing effect of each pipe fitting is the same as much as possible, 50 316L stainless steel pipe fittings with the same specification are brazed by adopting two types of brazing filler metals, and the average brazing filler metal, the brazing flux amount and the brazing time of each pipe fitting are calculated as shown in the following table 1. It can be seen that, compared with the embodiment 5 of the present invention, in order to achieve the same welding effect, the existing nickel-based brazing filler metal paste needs to waste more than half of the materials at least, and the brazing time is doubled. The brazing materials obtained in the embodiments 1 to 4 and 6 of the invention have excellent welding effect, save brazing materials and improve brazing efficiency.
The appearance of the brazing seam of the 316L stainless steel pipe obtained by using the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal in the embodiment 5 of the invention is shown in FIG. 3; the appearance of the brazing seam of the 316L stainless steel pipe obtained by using the conventional nickel-based paste brazing filler metal is shown in FIG. 4.
TABLE 1 comparison of soldering efficiency, solder usage and flux usage
Experimental example 2
In order to investigate the welding effect of the brazing material of the invention and the existing nickel-based brazing filler paste on a common carbon steel plate, two types of brazing filler metals are respectively used for carrying out a common low-carbon steel flame brazing test. The carbon steel plate has the size specification of 50mm multiplied by 2 mm. In order to ensure that the test conditions are the same, the use amount of the nickel-based brazing filler metal paste is completely the same as that of the brazing material, and the flame brazing test is carried out on the low-carbon steel plate with the same specification by adopting two types of brazing filler metals. After the flame brazing test, the brazing area size and the brazing surface quality of the two solders were compared, as shown in table 2 below, fig. 5 is a brazing surface topography chart of the ring-shaped nickel-based self-brazing filler metal (taking example 5 as an example), and fig. 6 is a brazing surface topography chart of the conventional nickel-based brazing paste (the nickel-based brazing paste in experimental example 1). As can be seen from Table 2, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the brazing material of the present invention has a larger brazing area and better brazing surface quality under the same brazing filler metal usage.
TABLE 2 brazing effect of ordinary low-carbon steel
| Group of | Dosage of brazing filler metal/gram | Brazing area/mm2 | Quality of brazed surface |
| Example 5 | 1.523 | 325 | Bright and clean |
| Existing nickel-based brazing filler metal paste | 1.522 | 96.5 | Excessive and unsmooth slag |
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The annular nickel-based self-brazing solder is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
79.5-91.7 parts of nickel-based brazing filler metal, 0.5-3 parts of B powder, 1.2-11.1 parts of Si powder, 0.3-0.5 part of thickening agent and 3-8 parts of water.
2. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein a mass ratio of the Si powder to the B powder is 2.4 to 3.7.
3. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the Si powder has a particle size of 250 to 325 mesh;
preferably, the particle size of the Si powder is 270-300 meshes.
4. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the B powder is 300-500 meshes;
preferably, the particle size of the B powder is 325-400 meshes.
5. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-based filler metal comprises at least one of BNi74CrSiB, BNi82CrSiB, BNi92SiB, and BNi95 SiB;
preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 250-325 meshes;
more preferably, the granularity of the nickel-based brazing filler metal is 270-300 meshes;
preferably, the thickening agent comprises hydroxypropyl starch.
6. The annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal is (5-8): (10-12).
7. The method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
and putting the mixture of the nickel-based brazing filler metal, the Si powder, the B powder, the thickening agent and the water into a die provided with an annular groove for forming to obtain an annular blank, and drying the annular blank.
8. The preparation method of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 7, wherein the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃ and the drying time is 1.5-3 hours.
9. The method for preparing the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to claim 8, wherein the drying temperature is 90-100 ℃ and the drying time is 1.8-2.5 hours.
10. Use of the annular nickel-based self-brazing filler metal according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for induction brazing of stainless steel pipes and/or brazing of low carbon steel.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114074238A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-02-22 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Nickel-based brazing ring and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113319464B (en) | 2023-02-21 |
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