CN113319253A

CN113319253A - Metal mold

Info

Publication number: CN113319253A
Application number: CN202110764688.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗亚君; 黄中华; 周丽; 邓晓翔; 周震东
Original assignee: Hunan Institute of Engineering
Current assignee: Hunan Institute of Engineering
Priority date: 2021-07-06
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2021-08-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal mold which comprises a left mold and a right mold which can be opened and closed, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold and/or the right mold, a replaceable heating module and a cooling module which are arranged outside the left mold and/or the right mold, and a visual controller which is connected with the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module and is used for displaying data of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module and controlling the actions of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module. According to the metal mold disclosed by the invention, the crystal grains of the cast workpiece are finer and the components and the structures are more uniform through the arranged heating module, the temperature measuring device and the cooling module; moreover, the automation and visualization degree is high, and the defects of the obtained workpiece are obviously reduced.

Description

Metal mold

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mold forming, in particular to a metal mold.

Background

With the rapid development of the Chinese manufacturing industry level, cast aluminum alloy is widely applied to the aspects of aerospace, rail transit, automobiles and the like, and the die is the guarantee of aluminum alloy casting and has great significance for aluminum alloy casting.

However, the conventional mold has several problems during the casting process: (1) the temperature of the die is difficult to accurately control, and is easily influenced by a plurality of uncertain factors such as operators, ambient temperature, air humidity and the like, so that the quality of a cast sample is unstable; (2) the cooling speed of the die cannot be regulated and controlled, the die cannot meet the requirements of different casting methods on the cooling speed, and the application range is narrow; (3) the mold has no temperature measurement system, cannot detect a cooling rate curve, and cannot realize intelligent data acquisition and data analysis.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a metal mold having multiple functions, and casting workpieces having finer crystal grains and more uniform components and structures.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a metal mold comprises a left mold and a right mold which can be opened and closed, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold and/or the right mold, a heating module and a cooling module which are arranged outside the left mold and/or the right mold, and a visual controller which is connected with the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module and is used for displaying data of the left mold and the right mold and controlling the actions of the left mold and the right mold, wherein a mold cavity is formed in the left mold and the right mold, the temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature in the mold cavity, and the cooling module and the heating module are laid on the outer surface of the left mold and/or the right mold and are used for cooling and preheating the left mold and the right mold according to the measurement data of the temperature measuring device.

Preferably, the cooling module includes the heating panel, lay in cooling tube in the heating panel, be fixed in the expansion locating column outside the heating panel, and locate the thermal contraction marble in the expansion locating column, the side fixedly connected with of heating panel with the flow pipe that goes in and out that the cooling tube is linked together, the heating panel passes through the expansion locating column is fixed in the left side mould and/or the right side mould is outside, the thermal contraction marble is heated and makes the expansion locating column expand.

Preferably, the cooling tubes are in one of a honeycomb, triangular or four-sided form.

Preferably, the heating module comprises a heating plate, a microwave generator, a super heat conduction layer, a heat conduction sheet, a metal protection net and a shell, wherein the microwave generator, the super heat conduction layer and the heat conduction sheet are arranged in the heating plate, and the metal protection net and the shell are surrounded by the microwave generator, the super heat conduction layer and the heat conduction sheet.

Preferably, the heating module further comprises a fastening device, the fastening device comprises a conical rod, a spring placed in the conical rod, an expansion head connected with the tail end of the conical rod, a pressing cap connected with the other tail end of the conical rod, and a ratchet mechanism arranged on the conical rod, the conical rod is pushed into an outer hole of the mold by the ratchet mechanism to realize self-locking, so that the expansion head extends deep and expands in the outer hole of the mold, and the heating plate is fixed outside the left mold and/or the right mold through the fastening device.

Preferably, the superconductive heat layer is made of graphene materials.

Preferably, the number of the cooling modules and the number of the heating modules are two, and the two cooling devices are symmetrically arranged outside the left die and the right die respectively.

Preferably, the temperature measuring device comprises a temperature sensor and a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the left die or the right die, the other end of the spring extends out of the left die or the right die, a blind hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the spring, of the left die or the right die, and when the left die and the right die are closed, the spring is inserted into the blind hole.

Preferably, the sliding device further comprises a sliding driving device, the sliding driving device comprises a driver, a screw rod, a nut and a pressure detection element, the pressure detection element is arranged on the left die and/or the right die, the nut is fixed on the left die or the right die, the screw rod penetrates through the left die or the right die and is sleeved in the nut, the driver drives the screw rod to rotate so that the left die or the right die moves, the pressure detection element and the driver are both connected with the visual controller, the pressure detection element transmits data to the visual controller, and the visual controller controls the driver to act according to the data fed back by the pressure detection element.

Preferably, the driver is a stepping motor; the pressure detection elements are distributed at four corners of the left die or the right die and far away from the die cavity.

Preferably, the heat-shrinkable marble is made of zinc alloy or tin alloy; the expansion positioning column is made of aluminum alloy.

Preferably, the number of the sliding driving devices is two, and the two sliding driving devices are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the left die and the right die.

The metal mold provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the temperature in the die cavity is measured through the temperature measuring device so as to detect the temperature in the die in real time, and data are transmitted to the visual controller, so that the temperature value in the die can be clearly known, not only can workers know the change of the temperature value in the die be helped, but also the cooling modules laid on the outer surfaces of the left die and/or the right die can rapidly and uniformly cool the whole die according to the detection data of the temperature measuring device, and the defects of shrinkage cavity, porosity and the like of the casting are reduced;

(2) the left die and the right die are heated by the heating module according to the temperature detected by the temperature measuring device to realize preheating, so that the die reaches a preset temperature before casting, and the influences of shrinkage porosity and the like of a casting caused by uneven cooling are reduced;

(3) and the visual controller controls and knows the parameters of the product forming process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling device, and further analyzes the parameters.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal mold according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the left or right mold shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heat dissipation plate shown in fig. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heating module;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the heating module;

FIG. 6 is a drawing of a workpiece cast by a prior art mold;

FIG. 7 is a workpiece cast by the metal mold provided by the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view under a microscope of a workpiece cast by a prior art mold;

fig. 9 is an enlarged view under a microscope of a workpiece cast by the metal mold provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1-9. The metal mold is used for casting and molding metal workpieces such as aluminum alloy and the like, and comprises a left mold 6 and a right mold 5 which can be opened and closed, a temperature measuring device arranged in the left mold 6 and/or the right mold 5, a heating module and a cooling module 7 which are arranged outside the left mold 6 and/or the right mold 5, and a visual controller 9 which is connected with the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9 and used for displaying data of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9 and controlling the actions of the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module 9. The visual controller 9 controls and knows the parameters of the product forming process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling device 7, and can further analyze the parameters. Various intelligent functions are added, the operation process is simple and easy to implement, the automation degree is high, the data visualization degree is high, and the defects of the obtained casting are obviously reduced.

And a die cavity 14 is formed in the left die 6 and the right die 5, and the aluminum alloy solution is injected into the die cavity 14 from a pouring gate 8 to form a processed workpiece. The left die 6 and the right die 5 are two separable and foldable dies.

The temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature in the die cavity 14, and preferably, the temperature measuring device is arranged on the left die 6 or the right die 5. Specifically, the temperature measuring device comprises a temperature sensor 13 connected with the visual controller 9 and a spring 12 fixed on one side opposite to the two molds. One end of the spring 12 is fixed on the left die 6 or the right die 5, the other end of the spring 12 extends out of the left die 6 or the right die 5, a blind hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the spring 12, of the left die 6 or the right die 5, and when the left die 6 and the right die 5 are closed, the spring 12 is inserted into the blind hole.

Specifically, in this embodiment, four temperature measuring devices are provided, and the temperature sensors 13 are respectively wound on the springs 12 of the left mold 6 and are respectively symmetrically distributed beside the position where the casting flow rate is maximum and the casting flow end. When the die is closed, the temperature sensor 13 can contact the blind hole of the right die 12, the temperature sensor 13 senses the temperature in the die cavity 12 in a contact manner, the temperature of the die is monitored in real time, and the temperature is displayed on the visual controller 9. During casting, the temperature values of the four temperature sensors 13 are different by less than or equal to 3 ℃, so that the consistency of the mold temperature in the casting process is ensured. Further, the temperature sensor 13 is one of a thermocouple, a thermistor, or a thermal resistor. The temperature sensor 13 mainly comprises an insulating material, a protection tube, a junction box, a thermode, copper oxide and the like, and the temperature sensor 13 is required to measure the temperature within the range of 0-1100 ℃, the temperature measurement error is less than 0.1 ℃, and the diameter is 0.5-8.0 mm.

The heating module is used for heating the left die 6 and the right die 5 to preheat the dies. The heating module comprises a heating plate 21, a microwave generator 29, a super heat conduction layer 30 and a heat conduction sheet 31 which are arranged in the heating plate 21, a metal protective net 28 and a shell 27 which surround the microwave generator 29, the super heat conduction layer 30 and the heat conduction sheet 31, and a fastening device fixed on the heating plate 21. Specifically, the super heat conduction layer 30 is made of graphene, and the heat conduction sheet is a copper sheet. The heating plate 21 absorbs the microwave generated by the microwave generator through the graphene, the whole graphene is used as a heat source with uniform temperature, heat is transmitted to the die by taking the copper sheet as a medium, and the heating plate 21 is fixed outside the left die and/or the right die through the fastening device. The microwave generator 29 is connected with the visual controller, and the visual controller 9 controls the start and stop of the heating module.

The heating plate 21 is fixed outside the left die and/or the right die through the fastening device, so that the die is quickly and accurately preheated, the temperature of the die reaches the preset temperature before casting, the temperature in the die is increased to be close to the temperature of the solution, and the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like of a casting can be reduced. Further, in order to ensure the rapid and accurate preheating of the processing mold, a super-heat-conduction graphene material is selected to absorb the microwaves emitted by the microwave generator, and heat is transmitted to the mold by taking the copper sheet with high heat conductivity coefficient as a medium.

The fastening device comprises a conical rod 22, a spring 25 placed in the conical rod 22, an expansion head 23 connected with the tail end of the conical rod, a pressing cap 26 connected with the other tail end of the conical rod 22, and a ratchet mechanism 24 arranged on the conical rod 22, when the expansion head 23 is deeply inserted into the outer hole of the left die and/or the right die, the pressing cap 26 at the tail end of the conical rod 22 is pressed to push the cap ratchet mechanism 24 to rotate and enable the pushed conical rod 22 to realize self-locking, so that the conical part of the conical rod 22 is pushed forwards to expand the expansion head 23, and the heating plate 21 is fixed outside the left die and/or the right die. After the pressing cap at the tail end of the conical rod 22 is pressed again, the ratchet mechanism 24 and the conical rod 22 are restored under the action of the spring 25, and the heating plate 21 outside the left die and/or the right die falls off, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient.

It should be noted that the superconducting heat layer 30 in the heating module is not limited to a graphene material, and may be any material that absorbs microwaves and has good thermal conductivity. The heat conducting sheet is not limited to a copper sheet, and may be any material that can reflect microwaves and has good heat conductivity.

The cooling module 9 is laid on the outer surface of the left die 6 and/or the right die 5 and used for cooling the left die 6 and the right die 5 of the die.

The cooling device 9 comprises a heat dissipation plate 19, a cooling pipe 20 arranged in the heat dissipation plate 19, an expansion positioning column 19 fixed outside the heat dissipation plate, and a heat shrinkage marble 18 arranged in the expansion positioning column 19, wherein an inlet and outlet flow pipe 17 communicated with the cooling pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the heat dissipation plate 21, the heat dissipation plate 19 is fixed outside the left die 6 and/or the right die 5 through the expansion positioning column 17, and the expansion positioning column 17 is expanded due to the heat shrinkage marble 16. The expansion positioning column 17 on the cooling plate 19 is pressed into the die to fix the cooling plate 19, so that the cooling plate 19 is completely attached to the surface of the outer wall of the whole die, the whole die is cooled quickly and uniformly, and the influences of shrinkage porosity and the like of a casting caused by nonuniform cooling are reduced. When the temperature of the mold is increased, the thermal contraction marble 18 in the expansion positioning column 17 is heated and increased, so that the expansion positioning column 17 expands to be attached to the inner wall of the opening of the mold, and the heat dissipation plate 19 is fixed. After the cooling plate finishes the cooling work of the left die and/or the right die, the heat shrinkage marble 16 is recovered, and the cooling plate can be easily taken down. The thermal contraction marble 16 can be made of alloy metal with large thermal expansion coefficient, such as zinc alloy and tin alloy, and the expansion positioning column 17 can be made of alloy metal with large elastic modulus, such as aluminum alloy.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cooling pipe 18 has one of a honeycomb shape, a triangular shape, or a quadrangular shape.

The inlet/outlet flow pipe 15 includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the cooling medium, and the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the heat dissipation plate 19. And the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are provided with control valves for controlling the on-off of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

The number of the cooling devices 7 is two, and the two cooling devices 7 are respectively and symmetrically arranged outside the left die 6 and the right die 5. The cooling pipe 18 is a round pipe or a square pipe, and the specific size can be selected according to different molds. The arrangement mode adopts cross close arrangement, a gap is reserved between the pipelines, and the arrangement shape of the cooling pipes 18 is polygonal such as a honeycomb type, a triangular type and a four-sided type, so that the heat dissipation is facilitated. The cooling pipe 18 is made of high-thermal-conductivity materials such as copper sheets, cooling media are communicated with the cooling pipe 18, a high-thermal-conductivity heat dissipation plate is tightly attached to the upper portion of the cooling pipe 18, heat generated in the die casting process is transmitted to the cooling media through the heat dissipation plate, and the heat is taken away by the cooling media in a convection heat exchange mode. Wherein the cooling medium can be selected by the difference of cooling rate, and is discharged from the cooling medium inlet and discharged from the cooling medium outlet. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cooling medium is water.

In another embodiment, the metal mold further comprises a sliding driving device, the sliding driving device comprises a driver 1, a screw rod 4, a nut 3 and a pressure detection element, the pressure detection element is arranged on the left die 6 and/or the right die 5, the nut 3 is fixed on the left die 6 or the right die 5, the screw rod 4 penetrates through a mounting hole 10 formed in the left die 6 or the right die 5 and is sleeved in the nut 3, the driver 1 drives the screw rod 4 to rotate so as to enable the left die 6 or the right die 5 to move, the pressure detection element and the driver 1 are both connected to the visualization controller 9, the pressure detection element transmits data to the visualization controller 9, the visual controller 11 controls the driver 1 to act according to the data fed back by the pressure detection element. The sliding driving device controls the opening and closing of the left die 6 and the right die 5 through the rotation of the control screw rod 4, the opening and closing of the dies are stable, simple and feasible, the labor intensity of researchers and the subsequent processing cost are obviously reduced, the production efficiency and the yield are improved, and the defect that the dies are clamped by matching a wedge-shaped mechanism with an air cylinder as a power source in the traditional technology is overcome. Wedge among the conventional art utilizes frictional force to realize the auto-lock, and the clamp force is little, and is inefficient, and part surface requires the quality higher for the application range of device is limited, and when the cylinder was promoting the piston motion, the stationarity was relatively poor, and operating speed receives external load change to influence greatly, is difficult to control, also can produce great noise at the operation place, is unfavorable for operating personnel work.

The driver 1 is a stepping motor; step motor passes through base 2 to be fixed on the outer wall of two moulds, step motor is two, and step motor's base 2 fixes the step motor mirror image in the upper and lower oblique diagonal angle department of two left and right moulds, and step motor drive lead screw 4 to make nut 3 of fixing on the mould drive two moulds toward relative or accurate transmission of opposite direction, thereby realize opening and shutting of two moulds. Further, the pre-tightening force realized by the mechanism is stably maintained by the self-locking principle of the screw rod 4, the safety of the casting process is ensured by taking the stepping motor as a source power, and the driver drives the screw rod 4 to rotate, so that the nuts 3 fixed on the left die 6 and the right die 5 drive the left die 6 and the right die 5 to accurately transmit in the same or opposite directions respectively, so as to realize the folding and the separation of the left die 6 and the right die 5, wherein the pre-tightening force is stably maintained by the self-locking principle of the screw rod 4, and the accurate value of the pre-tightening force is measured by the pressure detection element. The pressure detection element transmits the measured data to the visual controller 9, and the visual controller 9 controls the start and stop of the driver 1 according to the pressure value.

What need put forward is that the pretightning force that realizes the mould through the auto-lock principle of lead screw 4 stably maintains, ensures the security of casting process, and is more reliable.

It should be noted that, in order to accurately control the pre-tightening force, a controllable stepping motor is adopted for driving, the stepping motor has small volume and can be directly controlled without other inductors, and the device has simple structure, reliable work, low cost and convenient maintenance; the transmission torque is also larger, the noise is small, and the indoor use is more environment-friendly. Further, in order to meet the requirements of mold opening and mold closing of the aluminum alloy tensile sample in a design task, the motor static torque K is not less than 20 N.m, the torque of the screw rod 4 is not less than 10 N.m, and the diameter d of the screw rod 4 is not less than 10 mm. The theoretical pretightening force T between the two dies is not less than 4500N, which can be obtained by the formula T ═ K.F.d.

Specifically, the pressure detection element is provided in plurality. Preferably, the number of the pressure detection elements is four, and the four pressure detection elements are distributed at four corners of the left die 6 or the right die 5 and are far away from the die cavity 14. Preferably, in the embodiment, the pressure detection device is placed at the joint of the aluminum alloy casting left die 6 and the aluminum alloy casting right die 5, and when the two dies are closed, the inner wall of the die presses the pressure detection device to evaluate the sealing degree of the two dies; pressure measurement device and pressure control circuit are connected, and pressure sensor gives controller 9 with the pretightning force of the accurate control of lead screw 4 mechanism in time feedback transmission, and controller 9 converts the analog quantity into the digital quantity, and after this digital quantity reachd the pretightning force that the engineer appointed, convert the digital quantity into the analog quantity again and transmit to step motor, step motor will stall. Furthermore, an engineer can observe the change of the pressure value of the die in the casting process in real time, so that the engineer can be effectively helped to know the product forming quality, and the automatic die combination process is realized.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat shrinkable balls 16 are made of a zinc alloy or a tin alloy, and the zinc alloy or the tin alloy expands when subjected to a temperature increase, so that the entire volume increases, and the volume of the heat shrinkable balls 16 increases to expand the volume of the expansion positioning column 16.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the expansion positioning column 17 is made of an aluminum alloy. Similarly, the expansion positioning column 17 made of aluminum alloy can expand under the condition of heating and expand together with the heat shrinkable marble 16, so as to form a fixed connection with the left die 6 and the right die 5.

Specifically, the number of the sliding driving devices is two, and the two sliding driving devices are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two opposite corners of the left die 6 and the right die 5.

The use method of the metal mold comprises the following steps: preparing, setting parameters, casting and finishing. Preparing an aluminum alloy molten metal needing to be cast by a mold in advance, brushing a coating on the inner walls of the left mold 6 and the right mold 5, slightly screwing the screw rod 4 into the nut 3, filling a cooling medium into the cooling pipe in advance, starting a heating module to heat the left mold 6 and the right mold 5, and standing on a horizontal plane for a period of time to wait for the drying of the coating; after the drying is finished, aligning the heating plate with an outer hole on the left die and/or the right die, and pressing a pressing cap at the tail end of the conical rod to fix the heating plate; then, relevant parameters of a metal mold such as pre-tightening force (0-500N), mold preheating temperature (0-200 ℃), mold opening temperature (10 ℃ -60 ℃) and the like are set on the visual controller 9, after the set relevant parameters of the mold are input into a program, the visual controller 9 is pressed, a stepping motor is started, the stepping motor drives a screw rod 4 to rotate, the nuts 3 fixed on the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 relatively and precisely move along with the mold, so that after the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 are combined to reach the pre-tightening force specified by the pressure detection device, the self-locking phenomenon of the screw rod 4 keeps the pre-tightening force. Then the heating module heats and the temperature measuring device detects the temperature, and the heating module and the temperature measuring device act together to realize the rapid and accurate preheating of the die. After preheating is completed, a computer connected with the visual controller 9 can prompt that mould casting can be performed, the pressing cap at the tail end of the conical rod is pressed again, the heating plate is released, and the cooling plate is replaced, and the operation mode is as above. An operator pours the aluminum alloy melt prepared in advance into the die cavity 14 from the pouring gate 8, the casting temperature range of the aluminum alloy is 690-800 ℃, the temperature measuring device detects the rapid rise of the die temperature, and the control valve of the cooling pipeline 18 is opened, so that the precise cooling of the die is realized. When the mold is cooled to the mold opening temperature of the mold, the visual controller 9 controls the stepping motor to operate again according to data fed back by the temperature measuring device, the left mold 6 and the right mold 5 start to move towards directions away from each other, automatic mold opening is realized, a casting piece is taken out, and the mold casting process is completed.

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy tensile sample die with an aluminum alloy casting material A1-0.2Fe +0.2Ce, which is a specific embodiment. The outer wall of the die is a cuboid with the shape of 300mm x 100mm x 260mm, the total length of an aluminum alloy tensile sample cast in the inner cavity of the die is 172mm, the length of a clamping end is 38mm, the diameter is phi 20mm, the length of a pulling-up interval is 96mm, the diameter is 13mm, and two aluminum alloy tensile samples can be cast at one time. In the mould, a temperature measuring sensor is arranged as a K-type thermocouple temperature measuring wire, the model is 2 x 1.5, the material is Teflon, the measuring temperature range is 0-1100 ℃, the anode is nickel silicon, and the cathode is nickel chromium. The cooling medium is water, the cooling pipeline 20 is a square copper pipe, the width of the pipeline is 6mm, the height of the pipeline is 25mm, the interval is 15mm, the minimum turbulence speed is 0.963m/s, and the cooling rate is not less than 300 ℃/s. Firstly, setting specified pretightening force 500N, mold preheating temperature 200 ℃ and mold opening temperature 50 ℃ on a computer, and then completely automatically operating by a program: a visual controller 9 starts a stepping motor, the stepping motor drives a screw rod 4 to rotate, a nut 3 fixed on a die relatively and precisely moves along with the die, so that the two dies are combined to reach a pre-tightening force 500N specified by a pressure detection device, and the self-locking phenomenon of the screw rod 4 keeps the pre-tightening force; the prepared A1-0.2Fe +0.2Ce alloy molten metal is poured into a mold, the temperature sensor 13 detects the rapid rise of the mold temperature, and the cooling medium control valve is opened to realize the accurate cooling of the mold. When the cooling reaches the mold opening temperature of 50 ℃, the stepping motor operates again, and the two molds start to move in opposite directions, so that automatic mold opening is realized. The process is a using method of the aluminum alloy metal type intelligent die, the precise control of the die temperature and the cooling speed is completed, and the manual die opening and closing and sampling processes are completely omitted.

The aluminum alloy tensile sample prepared by the method is compared with the aluminum alloy tensile sample prepared by the traditional die under the same casting condition. The appearance is as shown in the figures 6 and 7, the tensile sample prepared by the invention has smoother and cleaner appearance and does not have casting defects such as inclusion, air holes, cracks and the like; further, metallographic photographs are prepared for the two tensile samples, and as shown in the figures 8 and 9, the casting obtained by the invention has finer grains, more uniform components and tissues and no casting defects such as segregation and holes.

(1) the temperature in the die cavity is measured through the temperature measuring device so as to detect the temperature in the die in real time, and data are transmitted to the visual controller, so that the temperature value in the die can be clearly known, not only can workers know the change of the temperature value in the die be helped, but also the cooling module and the heating module which are laid on the outer surfaces of the left die and/or the right die can quickly and uniformly cool and preheat the die after the whole workpiece is formed according to the detection data of the temperature measuring device, and the defects of shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like of the casting are reduced;

(3) and the visual controller controls and knows the parameters of the product forming process in real time according to the data displayed by the temperature measuring device, the heating module and the cooling module, and further analyzes the parameters.

(4) The invention provides two novel heating modules and cooling modules, which are rapid and uniform in heating and cooling and can be fixed on other dies and in various occasions.

The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a metal mold, its characterized in that, including left mould and the right mould that can open and shut, locate left mould and/or temperature measuring device in the right mould, locate heating module and cooling module outside left mould and/or the right mould and with temperature measuring device heating module with cooling module connects the visual controller who is used for showing three's data and controls three's action, left mould with form the die cavity in the right mould, temperature measuring device is used for measuring the temperature in the die cavity, cooling module and heating module lay in left mould and/or right mould outward appearance and are used for cooling down and preheating for left mould and right mould according to temperature measuring device's measured data.

2. The metal mold as recited in claim 1, wherein the cooling module comprises a heat dissipating plate, a cooling tube disposed in the heat dissipating plate, an expansion positioning column fixed outside the heat dissipating plate, and a heat shrinkable marble disposed in the expansion positioning column, an inlet/outlet flow tube communicated with the cooling tube is fixedly connected to a side surface of the heat dissipating plate, the heat dissipating plate is fixed outside the left mold and/or the right mold through the expansion positioning column, the number of the cooling devices is two, the two cooling devices are symmetrically disposed outside the left mold and the right mold, and the heat shrinkable marble is heated to expand the expansion positioning column.

3. The die of claim 2, wherein the cooling tubes are one of honeycomb, triangular, or quadrilateral in shape.

4. The metal mold according to claim 1, wherein the heating module comprises a heating plate, a microwave generator, a super heat conducting layer and a heat conducting sheet arranged in the heating plate, and a metal protective net and a housing enclosing the microwave generator, the super heat conducting layer and the heat conducting sheet.

5. The fastening device of claim 4, wherein the heating module further comprises a fastening device, the fastening device comprises a conical rod, a spring placed in the conical rod, an expansion head connected with one end of the conical rod, a pressing cap connected with the other end of the conical rod, and a ratchet mechanism arranged on the conical rod, the ratchet mechanism pushes the conical rod into the outer hole of the mold to realize self-locking, so that the expansion head penetrates into and expands in the outer hole of the mold, and the heating plate is fixed outside the left mold and/or the right mold through the fastening device.

6. The heating module of claim 4, wherein said super-conductive layer is formed from a graphene material.

7. The metal mold as recited in claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring device comprises a temperature sensor and a spring, one end of the spring is fixed on the left mold or the right mold, the other end of the spring extends out of the left mold or the right mold, a blind hole is formed in the left mold or the right mold at a position corresponding to the spring, and the spring is inserted into the blind hole when the left mold and the right mold are closed.

8. The metal mold as recited in claim 1, further comprising a sliding driving device, wherein the sliding driving device comprises a driver, a lead screw, a nut and a pressure detecting element, the pressure detecting element is disposed on the left mold and/or the right mold, the nut is fixed on the left mold or the right mold, the lead screw penetrates through the left mold or the right mold and is sleeved in the nut, the driver drives the lead screw to rotate so as to move the left mold or the right mold, the pressure detecting element and the driver are both connected with the visual controller, the pressure detecting element transmits data to the visual controller, and the visual controller controls the driver to operate according to the data fed back by the pressure detecting element.

9. The metal-type die of claim 8, wherein the driver is a stepper motor; the pressure detection elements are distributed at four corners of the left die or the right die and far away from the die cavity.

10. The metal mold as recited in claim 8, wherein said slide driving means are two, and are symmetrically disposed on said left mold and said right mold, respectively.